高中英语必修一知识讲解-Unit3-Travel-journal-语言点

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业专心-专注-专业精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业Unit 3 Travel journal目标认知重点词汇transport, prefer, disadvantage, fare, flow, persuade, care, graduate, schedule, determine, although, insist, view, reliable重点短语ever since, give in, be fond of, make up ones mind, put up, dream about重点句型1. on

2、ce引导状语从句2. get sb./sth. done3. 主语 + be + adj.+ to do sth.句式4. 强调句型知识讲解重点词汇transport【原句回放】Which kind of transport do you prefer to use: bus or train? 你愿意用哪种交通方式：汽车还是火车？【点拨】transport n. & vt. 运送，运输常用搭配：transport. (from.) to. 把（从）运送到Blood transports oxygen around the body. 血液把氧气输送到全身。Air transport is m

3、ore expensive than road transport. 航空运输比公路运输要贵。These goods will be transported to the USA by ship. 这些货物将用轮船运到美国。【拓展1】transportation n. 运输，交通工具【拓展2】transport，traffic1. transport作“交通”讲，指运输工具。2. traffic作“交通”讲，指路上的行人、车马等数量的多少。traffic jam 交通堵塞【拓展3】前缀trans-trans-作为前缀，意为“横过；贯穿；转移”：translate vi. vt. 翻译；tran

4、sfer vi. vi.转移, 调离；transmit vt. 传输；传播prefer【原句回放】Which kind of transport do you prefer to use, bus or train? 你愿意用哪种交通方式：汽车还是火车？【点拨】prefer vt. 更喜欢，更愿意；选择某事物（而不选其他事物）注意：1. prefer后加-ed和-ing时，要先双写r。2. prefer相当于like better, like more，一般不用于比较级。常用搭配：prefer sth. / doing sth. to sth. / doing sth. 相比更喜欢prefer

5、 to do.rather than do. 宁愿做而不愿意做prefer (sb.) to do/doing sth. 宁愿/更愿意（某人）做某事prefer that从句Do you prefer coffee or tea? 你喜欢咖啡还是茶？They prefer living in the suburbs. 他们更愿意住在郊区。He preferred to die rather than steal. 他宁愿死也不愿意偷窃。I should have preferred him to do it in a different way. 我倒愿意他用另一种办法做。She prefer

6、red that nobody should come to see her. 她宁愿没有人来看她。disadvantage【原句回放】Think about the advantages and disadvantages of each form of transport and fill in the following chart. 考虑每种交通方式的有利条件和不利条件，然后填入下表。【点拨】disadvantage 不利条件；不便之处There are many disadvantages to the plan. 这个计划有很多不利因素。搭配1：at a disadvantage

7、处于不利地位She was at a disadvantage compared with the young girls. 跟年轻女孩比起来，她处于不利地位。搭配2：put sb. at a disadvantage 使某人处于不利地位【拓展】advantage 有利条件，优点，长处搭配 3：take advantage of 利用You should take advantage of the potential. 你应当发挥潜力。fare【原句回放】Think about the fare for different kinds of transport. 考虑一下乘坐不同交通工具的费用

8、【点拨】1. fare n. （车、船、飞机等）票价、费用What is the train fare to London? 到伦敦的火车费用是多少？All fares, please! 请买票！（公共汽车售票员用语）Students in this country can travel at half fare. 这个国家的学生可以半价旅行。2. fare n. 饮食，伙食，为不可数名词。The fare here is simple but good. 这里的伙食简单而可口。【拓展】辨析：fare，fee1. fare指乘坐出租车、公共汽车、轮船等的费用。It takes much mor

9、e money now to travel around as the fares have all gone up.现在各处旅行花钱多多了，因为各项车船费全涨价了。2. fee指为专业服务提供的报酬，比如律师费、医疗费、会费等。Does your school charge school fees? 你们学校收费吗?【高清课程unit3 重点词语】flow【原句回放】List the countries that the Mekong River flows through. 列举湄公河流经的国家。【点拨】1. flow vi. 流，流动；循环；垂Water / The river flow

10、s. （河）水在流动。Tears flowed down her cheeks. 眼泪顺着她的脸颊流下来。The cars flowed in a steady stream along the main road. 车流在主要街道上以稳定的速度前行。The crowd flowed down the avenue. 人流顺着大街前进。Money continued to flow in. 钱不断流进。Her hair flowed over her shoulders. 头发披散在肩上。Wisdom flows from experience. 由经验而来的智慧源源不断地涌出。2. flow

11、 n. 流动，流量 They tried to check the flow of the blood. 他们尽力检查血流的状况。A steady flow of good ideas has come from the public. 来自公众的好主意源源不断地涌出。It accurately reflected the flow of your thought. 它准确地反映了你思维的流动。persuade【原句回放】Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy on

12、e. 两年前她买了一辆昂贵的山地车，然后也说服我买了一辆。【点拨】persuade vt. & vi. 说服，劝说Im trying to persuade your dad to buy some shares. 我努力劝你爸爸买一些股票。He was fairly easily persuaded. 他很容易被说服。I can persuade her that Ive changed.我能使他相信我已经改了。搭配1：persuade sb. to do sth./ into doing sth. 说服某人做某事I finally managed to persuade her to go

13、 out for a drink with me.我最后成功地说服他跟我出去喝点。Dont let yourself be persuaded into buying things you dont want.不要让你被劝着买了一些你不需要的东西。搭配2：persuade sb. not to do sth. /out of doing sth. 说服某人不要做某事搭配3：persuade sb. of sth 使某人相信某事McFadden must persuade the jury of her innocence.麦克法登必须让陪审团相信他的无辜。care【原句回放】My sister

14、 doesnt care about details. 我姐姐不关心细节。【点拨】1. care vt. & vi. 关心，担心，在乎，介意 He failed in the examination but I dont think he cares very much. 他考试不及格, 但我觉得他并不太在乎。2. care vt. 喜欢, 愿意 I dont care to go on a hike. 我不喜欢徒步旅行。3. care n. 照顾，护理；小心，注意；忧虑，挂念Children need good care. 孩子需要好好照料。Take care. 多保重！相关短语：1. ca

15、re about 关心，忧虑，挂念Dont you care about this countrys future? 你就不在乎国家的未来吗？2. care for 关怀，照顾，喜欢，对感兴趣Would you care for a drink? 你想喝点东西吗？He cares for her deeply. 他深爱着她。Who will care for him if his wife dies? 如果他妻子死了，谁来照顾他呢？3. care to do 愿意做某事；喜欢做某事Would you care to go for a walk? 你想去散散步吗？4. take care 注意，

16、当心5. take care of 照顾， 负责We must take care of ourselves. 我们必须好好照顾自己。6. with care 当心，仔细地This vase is fragile. Please handle it with care. 这个花瓶易碎，请拿的时候小心一点。graduate【原句回放】After graduating from college, we finally got the chance to take a bike trip. 大学毕业后，我们终于有机会进行自行车旅行。【点拨】graduate vi. 毕业；vt. 授予某人学位；n.

17、大学毕业生常用搭配：graduate from 从毕业graduate in 毕业于专业He was a college graduate. 他是个大学毕业生。The university graduated 3000 students last year. 这个大学去年有3000位学生毕业。He was graduated from a normal college. 他是一个师范学院的毕业生。Like many new graduates, I left university full of hope for the future. （2014 广东高考）像很多新毕业生一样，我满怀对未来的

18、希望离开了大学。【拓展】graduation n. 毕业，毕业典礼undergraduate 本科生 postgraduate研究生schedule 【原句回放】Now she is planning our schedule for the trip. 现在她正在计划我们的旅程。【点拨】schedule n. 时间表，进度表；vt. 为某事安排时间。常用搭配：be scheduled to do 预定做某事be scheduled for 预定为behind schedule 推迟ahead of schedule 提前on schedule = on time 及时Do you have

19、a sailing schedule? 你有航运时刻表吗？The delegation is scheduled to arrive tomorrow. 代表团定于明日到达。 The train was in an hour behind schedule. 火车晚点一小时到达。If my train is on schedule, I will be home by nine oclock. 若火车准点，我9点以前可以到家。determine【原句回放】She gave me a determined look the kind that said she would not change

20、her mind. 她给了我一个坚定的眼神这种眼神表明她是不会改变主意的。【点拨1】determine vt. & vi. (使)下决心, (使)做出决定；决定；确定常用搭配：determine to do sth. 决定/决心做某事Have they determined when to start? 他们决定什么时候动身了吗?They havent determined yet. 他们还没有决定呢。He determined to learn French. 他决定学习法语。【拓展1】determination n. 决心，决定，确定【拓展2】同义词：decide, make up one

21、s mind【点拨2】determined adj. 坚决的，有决心的；已下定决心的常用搭配：be determined to do sth. 决心做某事She is determined to succeed, because she is a determined woman. 她下定决心要获得成功，她是一位十分坚定的女子。The task was difficult, but Helens determined expression let me know that she would not give up.虽然工作很难，但海伦的坚定神情使我知道她不会放弃。although【原句回放】

22、Although she didnt know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that we find the source of the river and begin our journey there. 尽管她不知道去那些地方的最佳路径，她坚持认为我们要找到河的源头，从那儿开始我们的旅程。【点拨】although conj. 虽然，尽管（连接让步状语从句）注意：1. 同义词though与although意思相同。although从句多放在句首, though从句可在主句前、中、后皆可。2. although, though

23、引导让步状语从句不能再和 but, and, however连用，但可以和副词 yet, still 连用。Although she was tired, she went on working. =She was tired, but she went on working. 尽管她累了，她继续坚持工作。Although they began with a small restaurant, they had big dreams. (2015 安徽高考)虽然他们开始时是个小饭店，他们却有大的梦想。Though it was cold, I went out. 尽管天冷，我还是出去了。His

24、 clothes, though old and worn, looked clean and of good quality.他的衣服，虽然破旧，但是干净、质优。【拓展】even though 即使（=even if）Even though he didnt understand a word, he kept smiling. 虽然他一句话也不懂，他还是不断地微笑着。insist【原句回放】Although she didnt know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip pr

25、operly. 尽管她不知道去那些地方的最佳路径，但她坚持她要好好组织这趟旅行。【点拨】insist vt. & vi. 坚决要求；坚决宣称, 坚持认为常用搭配：insist on/ upon doing sth 坚持做/坚决做insist on/ upon ones doing sth 坚持要某人做insist (that) sb. (should) do sth 坚决要求某人做 （宾语从句用虚拟语气）I will have another glass if you insist. 你这样坚持我就再喝一杯。I insisted that they should wait for our re

26、turn. 我坚决要求他们等我们回来。 We insist upon a definite answer. 我们一定要得到一个肯定的答复。I insisted on his coming with us. 我坚持要求他和我们一起来。I insisted that he (should) study medicine instead of laws. 我坚持要他学医，不学法律。【拓展】insist that.不用虚拟语气的情况如果insist表示“坚持某一事实”，则用陈述语气。对比：I insist that you (should) see a doctor. 我坚持认为你应该看医生。（宾语从

27、句是要求）I insisted that it was an accident. 我坚持那是意外事件。（宾语从句时事实）view【原句回放】To climb the mountain was hard work but as we looked around us, we were surprised by the view. 上山很艰难，但是当我们环顾四周，（眼前的）景色让我们感到很惊奇。【点拨】1. view n. C 景色, 风景；观点，看法；U 视野，视线Ill sit here and look at the view. 我要坐在这里观看风景。She tried writing ou

28、t her views. 她试着把自己的想法写下来。My view of my school was blocked by the new building. 新大楼挡住了我的视线, 使我看不见我的学校。2. view vt. 看待；考虑；将看成是 常见搭配：view sb./ sth. as 把看做These people were viewed as their most dangerous rivals. 这些人被视为他们最危险的对手。 【拓展】相关短语in ones view 在某人看来 in view of sth. 鉴于，考虑到in view 看得见，在视野中 out of vie

29、w 看不见，在视野之外point of view 观点reliable【原句回放】 She was very reliable and I knew I didnt need to encourage her. 她很可靠，我知道我用不着给她鼓劲儿。【点拨】reliable adj. 可信赖的，可靠的Is your watch reliable? 你的表准吗? We are looking for someone who is reliable. 我们正在物色可靠的人。【拓展】rely vt. & vi 依赖，信赖 常用搭配：rely on （=depend on）依赖，依靠rely on. t

30、o do/ rely on .doing 依赖某人做某事； You may rely on me to help you. 你可以信赖我会帮助你的。 Dont rely on me doing it. 别指望我做这件事。重点短语ever since【原句回放】Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. 从中学起, 我姐姐王薇和我梦想做一次了不起的自行车旅行。【点拨】ever since 从那时到现在，此后（就一直），从起1. ever since同

31、since 用法类似，主句常用完成时态，引导时间状语或时间状语从句。2. ever since和since都可以接名词、从句或不接其它内容。3. since还可以作“既然，因为”讲，ever since不可以。I have known him ever since he was a child. 他从小我就认识他了。I have never lied to him ever since. 自那以后，我再也没对爸爸撒过谎。He fell ill at Christmas and has been ill ever since. 他在圣诞节生病了，此后就一直不适。I have lived here

32、 since January. 自一月份以来, 我一直住在这里。He disappeared many years since. 他多年以前就不知去向。Since we are young, we shouldnt be too afraid of making mistakes. (since引导原因状语从句)因为我们还年轻，所以不应该太害怕犯错误。give in【原句回放】Finally I had to give in. 最后，我只好让步了。【点拨】give in (to) 投降，屈服，让步；呈交As neither of them would give in, no decision

33、was taken that day.由于双方都不让步，那天没有形成决议。Please give in your examination papers now. 现在请交上试卷。 Finally, he had to give in to my views. 他最后屈从了我的看法。【拓展】相关短语give away 泄露，赠送give back 归还，恢复give off 放出，散发（光、热、气味等）give out 分配，分发；用光，筋疲力尽give up 放弃，认输be fond of【原句回放】I am fond of my sister but she has one serious

34、shortcoming. 我喜欢我的妹妹，但是她有一个严重的缺点。【点拨】be fond of 喜欢（of是介词，后接动词时需用动词-ing形式）注意：be fond of 也指常喜欢做可能让别人不高兴、不喜欢的的事。I am fond of swimming in summer.夏季我喜欢游泳。My mother was fond of little pet when she was young. 当我年轻时候，我喜欢小宠物。She used to be fond of Michael Jacksons songs very much. 她过去很喜欢迈克尔杰克逊的歌。Toms very fo

35、nd of telling other people what to do.汤姆就喜欢告诉别人该做什么事。【拓展】grow fond of 慢慢喜欢上了We have grown fond of the house and dont want to leave.我已经喜欢这个房子了，不想离开。make up ones mind【原句回放】Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it. 她一旦下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。【点拨】make up ones mind 下决心，决定（mind有单复数变化）常用搭配：make up ones

36、mind to do sth. 下决心做某事 make up ones mind about sth. 有关某事下了决心They made up their minds to sell the house他们下决心要把房子卖掉。Have you made up your mind about it? 关于这件事, 你拿定主意了吗?No matter what you think, I have made up my mind to do it.不管你怎么想，我已下决心做这事了。【拓展1】表示“决定做某事的”词determine to do sth.，decide to do，make/take

37、 a decision to do【拓展2】相关短语change ones mind 改变主意 read ones mind 看出某人的心思keep ones mind on sth. 全神贯注于某事 keep.in mind 把记住put up【原句回放】We put up our tents and then we eat. 我们先搭起帐篷然后吃饭。【点拨】put up 举起，抬起（= raise）；挂起，张贴；建造；搭起；住宿, 留宿He put up his hand to catch the teachers attention. 他举起手来以引起老师的注意。A new notice

38、 has been put up on the board. 一张新的通知已经张贴在板上。A new theatre will be put up where there used to be a temple. 一家新的剧院将在过去是座庙的地方建起来。Will you put me up for the night?今天晚上你能为我提供个住处吗？【拓展】相关短语put away 把收起来 put down 放下，写下，镇压put forward 提出 put off 推迟，推延put out 扑灭，伸出 put up with 忍受dream about【原句回放】Since middle

39、school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. 从中学起，我和妹妹王薇就梦想着做一次大型的骑车旅行。【点拨】dream about (= dream of) 梦见，梦想，向往注意：由于about和of是介词，后接动词时，要用-ing形式。My younger brother dreams of becoming a policeman. 我弟弟梦想成为警察。He always dreams about traveling around the world. 他总梦想着环球旅行。【拓展】d

40、ream n. 梦想，愿望，梦v. 梦想，做梦 注意：动词dream的过去式、过去分词有两种：dreamed, dreamed； dreamt, dreamt。重点句型：once引导状语从句【原句回放】Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it. 她一旦下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。【点拨】once conj. 一旦；只要注意：once在此句中引导条件状语从句，也可以引导时间状语从句，但两者区别不明显。Once you see Mei Lanfang on the stage, you will never forget him.

41、只要你看过一次梅兰芳的演出，你就永远忘不了他。Maths is easy to learn once you understand the rules. 一旦你理解了规则，数学就不难学了。There are a lot of birds here once it is sunny. （偏重时间状语从句）当天气好的时候，这里就有很多鸟。【拓展1】once的其它用法1. once n. 一次I have been there only once. 我只去过那儿一次。 2. once adv. 曾经，从前I knew her once at a party, but havent seen her

42、since. 我在一次晚会上认识她的，以后就没有她的消息了。【拓展2】含once的短语once again 再一次 once in a while偶尔、有时at once立即、马上 all at once突然，同时once upon a time 从前get sb./sth. done【原句回放】Wang Wei soon got them interested in cycling too. 很快，王薇使他们（表兄弟们）也对自行车旅行产生了兴趣。【点拨】get sb./sth. done 注意：1. 此短语包括两层意思：1）让别人去做某事；2. (主语)遭受到(意外的损失或不幸)2. 此句型

43、中done是过去分词作宾语补足语，与宾语某人/某物是被动关系。 3. 同义短语：have sth. done He will have/get the computer repaired tomorrow. 他明天让人给他修电脑。In cold weather, its hard to get the car started. 在寒冷的天气里，车子很难发动。You should have your eyes tested.你应该检查一下眼睛。He got his computer stolen the other day. 前几天他的电脑被偷了。【拓展】get sb. to do sth. 让

44、某人去干某事同义短语：have sb. do sth. （注意两个短语中to是否省略）Dont have the dog run here and there.不要让狗到处乱跑。I cant get him to agree with me.我无法使他赞同我。主语 + be + adj.+ to do sth.句式【原句回放】When I told her the air would be hard to breath and it would be very cold 当我告诉她将呼吸困难, 天气严寒【点拨】主语 + be + adj.+ to do sth. 1. 此句中the air would be hard to breath属于此句