高中英语-v-ing形式用法讲解

1、高中英语-v-ing形式用法讲解高中英语-v-ing形式用法讲解高中英语-v-ing形式用法讲解动名词： v.-ing形式作主语，宾语，表语2021/4/1321 动名词的形式、复合结构和短语。2 动名词作主语。4 动名词作表语3 动名词作宾语。2021/4/1331) 一般式主动（not） writing2)一般式被动 （not）being written3) 完成式主动（ not ）having written4) 完成式被动（ not ）having been written动名词的形式:以write 为例2021/4/1341) 名词所有格+动名词： Toms writing2) 名词

2、普通格+动名词：Tom writing3)形容词性代词+动名词：his writing4)人称代词宾格+动名词：him writing动名词的复合结构2021/4/135动名词短语：动名词和自己的宾语和状语 speaking aloud reading the text aloud going to bed at ten last night2021/4/1361）动名词直接位于句首做主语 2 动名词作主语三种情况2）it 作形式主语，把动名词真正主语放在句尾，但句子形式有限制，做表语的只能是一些形容词或名词，大多数构成固定句式。3）There be +no+动名词.2021/4/1371）R

3、eading aloud is very important to us 1） 动名词作主语置于句首：2）Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit. 3）Fighting broke out between the South and the North.2021/4/138Learning English is very important for us.Talking is easier than doing.Taking natural materials out of the rub

4、bish and using them again is called recycling.Playing tricks on others is something we think impolite. 2021/4/139动名词短语作主语常用it作形式主语，把动名词短语放在句末。2）it作形式主语代替动名词Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit.It is considered to be a good habit going to bed early and getting up e

5、arly2021/4/1310 2.Taking natural materials out of the rubbish and using them again is called recycling.It is called recycling taking natural materials out of the rubbish and using them again2021/4/1311辨别主语（形式主语和真正主语)It was a waste of time reading that book.It is dangerous standing in the middle of t

6、he street.Is it worthwhile quarrelling with her?Its no good waiting here. Lets go home. 2021/4/1312it 作形式主语的几个习惯句型：It is no use doingIt is useless doingIt is no good doingIt is fun doingIt is worthwhile doingIt is a waste of time doingIt is pleasant doing2021/4/1313“There is + no”后可以用动词-ing形式作 主语，表示

7、“没法”。3）There be +no+动名词. There was no telling when this might appen again. 没法预料这样的事什么时候会再发生。 There was no knowing what he could do. 他能做什么很难说。2021/4/13141）及物动词宾语 3 动名词作宾语2）介词宾语3）it 作形式宾语，代替动名词4）接doing的动词5）接to do 的动词6）接doing 又可接to do 的动词2021/4/13151）及物动词宾语 Edison never stopped searching for new and be

8、tter ways to do things. Would you mind opening the window?He gave up teaching only two years ago.2021/4/13162）介词宾语 Since then, he has devoted his life to finding ways to grow more and more rice. He searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of fields.2021/4/1317形容词busy,

9、worth后接doing The teacher said Edison wasnt very bright and that he wasnt worth teaching. The teachers are busy correcting the students exam papers.2021/4/1318 如果作宾语的动名词又有自己的补语，习 惯上要将动名词后置，而用先行词it作它的形式宾语。 3）it 作形式宾语，代替动名词 I found it pleasant walking along the river after supper. Do you consider it ne

10、cessary trying again?2021/4/1319 mind,finish,admit,advise,consider, enjoy,keep, miss,suggest,cant help, give up, want (需要；该），need (需要；该）4）接doing的动词5）接to do 的动词 want, wish, hope, ask, help, refuse, learn,demand, choose, , decide plan, manage,pretend, afford2021/4/1320 意义基本一样，如like, love, hate, begin,

11、start, prefer, attempt6）接doing 又可接to do 的动词 意义明显不一样，如remember, forget regret, mean, stop, try, want, need Please remember to post the letter for me.I remember posting the letter.2021/4/1321意义明显不一样，如remember, forget, regret, mean, stop, try, want, need He forgot to write to me. Ill never forget visit

12、ing London for the first time. I regret to say that I cannot go with you. She regretted missing the report.2021/4/1322意义明显不一样，如remember, forget, regret, mean, stop, try, want, needThey stopped to talk.They stopped talking.You dont need to leave so early.His clothes needed mending and his shoes neede

13、d repairing.2021/4/13233. need, require, want作“需要”解时, 后接动词-ing形式作宾语, 主动形式表示被动意义, 相当于to be done。如： The radio needs / requires / wants repairing / to be repaired. 2021/4/1324动词-ing形式作宾语 1. 有些动词如 admit, avoid, consider, escape, deny, risk, suggest 等后能接动词-ing形式作宾语，而不能接动词不定式。如：Were considering paying a v

14、isit to the Science Museum. 2021/4/13252. 有些短语如 ： cant help, be used to, end up, feel like, lead to, be busy, be tired of, be fond of, be afraid of, be proud of, think of / about, put off, keep on, insist on, be good at, give up 等. 2021/4/1326常跟动词ing作宾语的动词歌诀:考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想，避免错过继续练，否认完成停能赏，不禁介意准逃亡，不

15、准冒险凭想象。consider, suggest / advise ,look forward to ,excuse ,pardon admit, delay / put off , fancy avoid , miss ,keep /keep on , practise deny , finish , stop ,enjoy / appreciate cant help , mind , allow/ permit ,escape forbid , risk , imagine 2021/4/1327注意 动词-ing形式的复合结构是指在动词-ing形式前面加上逻辑主语来强调动作的执行者，该

16、逻辑主语常为形容词性物主代词或名词所有格；当逻辑主语不出现在句首时，可用人称代词的宾格代替形容词性物主代词或用名词普通格代替名词的所有格。如：2021/4/13281）Im annoyed about Johns/ John forgetting to pay.2）I really cant understand you/your treating her like that. 2021/4/13292. 动词-ing形式的否定形式是在其前面加not，带有逻辑主语时not应在动词-ing形式之前。如：Not cleaning her teeth made her smell bad.Your

17、schoolmates not coming home in time made her parents worried.2021/4/1330需要注意的问题：以下的动词后面加动词的不定式作宾语：decide , hope, expect , seem, agree, afford, arrange, choose, offer, plan, promise, determine, demand, manage, fail, prepare, refuse, pretend, 2021/4/1331常跟不定式作宾语的动词歌诀：三个希望两答应，两个要求莫拒绝,设法学会做决定,不要假装在选择。ho

18、pe; wish; want ; agree; promisedemand; ask; refusemanage; learn; decide pretend ; choose 2021/4/1332想要拒绝命令，需要努力学习,期望同意帮助，希望决定开始。want ; refuse ; order need; try ; learn expect ; agree ; help hope ; wish ; decide ; begin ;start 2021/4/1333以下的动词后面既可接动词的不定式又可以接动词的ing作宾语：hate, love , prefer , remember ,

19、forget, regret , like ,try , stop , begin , start 2021/4/1334既跟动词ing又接不定式作宾语的动词歌诀:双方一旦开始，不论喜欢与否，都得继续下去。不管记住与否，努力打算停止，后悔三个需要。begin, start, like, prefer, hate, dislike, continue，remember, forget, try, mean, stop, reget, want, need, require 2021/4/1335 即时练习 从 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 1. Its necessary to be

20、prepared for a job interview. _ the answers ready will be of great help. A. To have had B. Having hadC. Have D. HavingD2021/4/13362. The parents suggested _ in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip.A. sleep B. to sleepC. sleeping D. having sleptC2021/4/13373. How I r

21、egret _ so much time in the net bar! I should have studied harder.A. to waste B. wasting C. wasted D. being wastedB2021/4/1338II. 根据括号内的汉语提示, 完成下列句子。1. _ (大声朗读) in the library is a bad habit. 2. Its no use _ (像这样谈话). 3. In my mind, _ _ (进入那所著名的大学) will be the only way to become a world-class writer.

22、 attending the famous universityReading aloudtalking like this2021/4/13394. Mary got well-prepared for the job interview, for she couldnt risk _ (丢失这个好机会).5. He remembered _ _ (没有完成作业), so he got up early to do it the next morning. not having finished his homeworklosing the good opportunity2021/4/13

23、40The Participle as Attributive分词作定语2021/4/1341the changing worldthe changed worldboiling waterboiled watera developing countrya developed countrylost child变化中的世界变了的世界正在沸腾的水开过的水发展中国家发达国家失踪的孩子2021/4/1342We can see the rising sun.正在升起的太阳Look at the sleeping baby. So cute.Watch out that a moving lorry

24、移动的卡车Dont eat too many like fried chicken legsHe is a retired worker.退休的工人分词做前置定语2021/4/1343定语从句与分词短语的转换The conversion of attributive clause and participle phrase2021/4/1344 I know a man working in that factory. I know a man who works in that factory. I know a man who is working in that factory. I k

25、now a man who worked in that factory. The girl sitting beside me is (was) my cousin. The girl who sits beside me is my cousin. The girl who is sitting beside me is my cousin. The girl who sat beside me was my cousin. 2021/4/1345The boys who are playing tennis are my friends.The boys playing tennis a

26、re my friends.I know the boy who is running in the park.I know the boy running in the park.定语从句转换成现在分词短语做后置定语, 有主动或进行的意思。先行词与现在分词有主动关系2021/4/1346She bought a computer which was produced in China.She bought a computer produced in China. He received a letter which was written in English.He received a

27、letter written in English.过去分词作定语有被动或完成的意思2021/4/1347用定语从句及分词完成下列句子.The man is my brother. He is standing under the tree. _.2. Do you know the girl? She is talking with the teacher.The man who is standing under the tree is my brother.Do you know the girl who is talking with the teacher?The man stand

28、ing under the tree is my brotherDo you know the girl talking with the teacher? 2021/4/1348v.ing as Predicative(表语)2021/4/1349-ing 分词（短语）作表语, 起adj.作用，指主语的性质、状态、特征。It sounded so horrifying and exciting. (as an adj.)The situation is encouraging. (as an adj.)-ed分词做表语也起adj.作用，往往表示主语所处的状态。He got promoted.

29、I grew tired.He remained unsatisfied.2021/4/1350I I:The ing Participle as Object Complement(宾语补足语)2021/4/13511.在感觉/感官动词后作宾语补足语，表示宾语的行为正在进行，呈主动关系。这类动词有：feel, see, notice, watch, hear, smell, listen to, look at, findI felt my heart beating faster.She smelt something burning.Listen to the birds singing

30、 outside.-ed分词同样可以做宾补，与宾语呈被动关系。He is happy to see his baby taken care of.He noticed the thief caught by the police.2021/4/13522.在表示“致使”意义的动词后作宾语补足语。这类动词有: make (不跟-ing分词作宾补), set, have, get, start, leave, keep, catchMy father had me writing the whole morning.He kept me waiting for a long time.I caught him cheating in the exam.He was left standing the whole morning.-ed分词同样可以做“致使”动词的宾补。Can I make myself understood? That is a question.He managed to get it done by himself.2021/4/1353不定式和-ing分词作宾语补足语的区别（感官动词，致使动词可以跟不带to的不定式）2021/4/1354不定式短语作宾语补足语时，指事情的全部过程已经结束；-ing 分词短语作宾语补足语则表