高考英语第二轮热点专题复习连词与介词

1、学习必备 欢迎下载2022 年高考英语其次轮热点专题复习连词与介词概述连词不能独立承担句子成分而只起到连接词与词、短语与短语以及句与句的作用；连词主要可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词；并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句；如：and, but, or, nor, so, therefore 等；从属连词就常常用在复合句中,用来连接主句和从句；如：who, what, how, when, where, 等；介词是最为活跃的词类之一；通常总是与其它词类同时考查；如：可与名词构成介词短语、与动词构成动词短语等；介词考查不仅在挑选题中显现,在完形填空题和短文改错题中也不断显现,且每年必考；因此,在平常

2、的积存中, 不容忽视以下介词的精确含义及用法：up, through, across, except, but, besides, beside, near等；热点 常见介词的精确含义at, as, to, by, on, in, of, with, like, along, for, over, 1、常见介词by 的用法；介词by 含义较丰富,主要有：靠,凭借,在 旁边等含义；可有by oneself单独,靠自己；by and by 不久以后,不一会儿,连续不断地,马上；by and large 总的说来；典例 1No one helped me.I did it all_myself.20

3、22 全国卷 A.for B.by C.from D.to by oneself 表示“ 单独,靠自己”；而 for oneself 有“ 为自己” 的意解析B 考查介词 by 的用法；搭配思,不合句意；2、常见介词 with 引导的复合结构；with 的复合结构,也叫 with 引导的独立主格结构；由 with （也可省略） +名词 /代词 +现在或过去分词 /不定式 /形容词 /介词短语或副词构成；它相当于一个状语从句,表示行为方式 /相伴状况 /时间 /缘由或条件；如： He lay on his back,his hands crossed under his head.他双手交叉放在

4、脑后,仰躺着；典例 2_two exams to worry about,I have to work really hard this weekend.2022 北京卷 A. With B.Besides C.As for D.Because of 解析 A 由句子结构看出,第一空须填入介词,构成介词 +宾语 +to do 的形式,只有 with 有此用法,由此可知选 A ；3、常见表示时间的 on 的用法；与时间搭配的介词须留意：在详细某星期几及详细某天的上午、下午和晚上等都用介词 on；典例 3The accident is reported to have occurred_the f

5、irst Sunday in February,2022 上海卷 A.at B. on C.in D.to on；解析B 考查介词的用法；表示详细某一天的时间时,用4、常见介词学习必备欢迎下载；如： She works as a secretary.她担as 的用法； as作为介词,可表示“ 充当,作为,犹如”任秘书工作； As a student,it s bad manners to come late to school.作为一个同学,上课迟到是坏习惯；典例 4I feel that one of my main duties_a teacher is to help the stude

6、nts to become better learners.2022 广东卷 A.for B.by C.as D.with 解析C 考查介词as 的用法；本句句意为：我认为作为一名老师,我的主要任务之一就是帮忙同学学会学习；5、常见 over 的用法；介词 over 有“ 在 之上,过之,多于” 意思；典例 5 You can t wear a blue jacket_that shirt; it ll look terrible.2022 湖南卷 A. on B. above C. up D. over 解析 D 考查介词 over 的用法；依据名意可知,此处强调全面掩盖,所以用 over,

7、即表示蓝色上衣罩在那件衬衫上；而 on 表示在硬性物体的表面上；above 表示在物体的斜上方；up 作介词时,意为“ 沿 而上” ；重点 1 常用的几组并列连词1、and 组表示联合关系；属于这一组的并列连词仍有：nor 等；如：Lets go and play basketball. 我们去打篮球吧；2.but 组表示转折和对比关系；属于这一组的并列连词仍有：He hasn t arrived. He may, however, come later. 他仍未到,不过,他可能过一会儿来；3、or 组 表示挑选关系；属于这一组的并列连词仍有：both and,not only but als

8、o,as well as,neither however, still, yet ,while, nevertheless ；如：or else,otherwise,neither nor,either or 等；如：We ll go early,otherwise we may not get a seat. 我们得早一点去,不然就没有座位了；4、so 组 表示因果关系的连接词仍有：sothat,for, therefore, thus, then 等；如：He has broken his leg and therefore he can t walk. 他摔伤了腿,因此不能走路；典例 S

9、he was very tired,_ she kept on working. A. or B. so C. and D. nevertheless nevertheless解析D 考查并列连词；依据句意：她虽然很疲惫,可仍在连续工作；表示转折关系,而有“ 然而、不过” 的意思；重点 2 使用介词时应留意的几点1、表示时间时不用介词的情形：学习必备 欢迎下载（1）表示时间的词前有 one/any/each/every/some/all/this/that 等时；如：One Staturday my mother and I were sitting together. 某星期六,母亲和我坐在

10、了一起；They meet every Sunday.他们每星期日见面；（2）表示时间的词前有 tomorrow/yesterday/the day before/the day after 等时；如： She has to get up early tomorrow morning. 明天早晨她得很早起床；（3）当以现在为起点, 谈论 last 和 next 时,last 和 next 前不用介词； 如：They re meeting next Wednesday.他们下个星期三见面；2、几组常用介词的用法区分：（1） in 与 at 一般小地方用 at,大地方用 in；典例 1He arr

11、ived_Beijing on Wednesday. A.in B.on C.at D.for 解析 A 句中 Beijing 侧重强调大的地方,故用 in；（2） in 与 on 表一般时间用 in,表详细时间用 on；典例 2He usually stays at home_Sunday morning. A.in B. on C.at D.for 解析 B 由于 Sunday morning 表示详细时间范畴,应选 B （3）besides 与 except besides表示“ 除 外（仍有） ” ；except 表示“ （只有）除外”；except for“ 除了 ” ,表示部分地修

12、正主体,引导短语；except that 引导从句；典例 3_Mr.Wang,we also went to see the film. A.Besides B.Except C.Except for D.Except that 解析 A 本句 also 的示意很重要,说明“ 王先生也去了”；A 项正合句意；（4） in,to 与 on 表示在某范畴之内用 in;表示在某范畴之外用 to; 表示“ 相邻,接壤” 时用 on. 典例 4Mongolia lies_north of China. A. in B.to C.on D.at 解析 C 依据常识：蒙古国与我国华北接壤,表示“ 相邻,扫壤

13、” 时用 on；难点 使用连词时应留意的问题1、though/although 不能与 but 同时连用,但可以与 yet 连用；典例 1Though they are so poor ,_they have enough to eat. A. so B. and C. but D. yet 学习必备 欢迎下载解析 Dthough 的搭配考查； 本句是由 though 引导,故不能与 but 同时连用, 但可以与 yet 连用；应选 D；2、because 与 so 不能同时连用；the reason why is 后通常用 that 而不用 because. 典例 2The reason w

14、hy she is fat is_she overeats. A. that B.so C.why D.because 解析 A the reason why is 后通常用 that 而不用 because引导表语从句；3、留意并列连词连接的必需是平行的词、词组、短语或分句；如：他不但在意大利著名,而且在美国也很出名；误： He is not only famous in Italy but also in America. 正： He is famous not only in Italy but also in America. 4、留意某些动词后的连词；（1） siscuss后一般不跟

15、连词 if 所引导的从句；We discussed whether we should close the shop.我们在争论是否该关店；（2）doubt 后连词的用法：一般在否定句和疑问句中,doubt 后习惯跟 that 引导的从句；在确定句中,doubt 后面习惯跟 whether 或 if 引导的从句；如：I don t doubt that you are honest.我不怀疑你的诚恳；I doubt whether/if what he said just now is true. 我怀疑他刚说的是否对；5、whether 与 if 的区分：（1）表示“ 假如” 时,只能用 i

16、f ；If he goes, I will go,too. 假如他去,我也去；（2）两者皆表示“ 是否” 时,留意,留意以下几点区分：在动词引导的宾语从句后,两者均可使用；I don t know whether /if he will come. 但是从句后有 or not 或者 or 时只能用 whether；I don t know whether he will come or not. 在介词引导的宾语从句后只能用 whether；在主语从句、表语从句、同谓语从句中只能用 whether；Whether he will come is not yet known. 他会不会来仍不知道

17、；在不定式前只能用 whether；I can t decide whether to go or not. 我没有打算是否去；典例 3 What I want to know is _he will come. A.that B.不填C.whether 学习必备欢迎下载D.if 解析 C 考查表语从句中whether 与 if 的区分使用； 在主语从句、 表语从句、同谓语从句中只能用whether；自我检测1.Mr. Anderson starts to work very clearly in the morning and goes on working until late in th

18、e afternoon_a break at midday. A.with B.for C.as D.through 2._the morning of that Saturday,My mother together A.In B.On C.At D.To with me visited my father in prison. 3.The study you have been making_the ancient Characters is an instructive job. A. to B. of C. for D. from 4.Whats your favorite sport

19、. Jogging. I always run_the river every morning . A. around B. on C. along D. in 5.We need fifty more people_our team to do the job. A. but B. as well C. except D. besides 6. The question of _she ll come back home will be setted. A.if B.whether C.when D.what 7.The last time we had a family reunion w

20、as_my brother s wedding ceremony four years ago. 8. Finding a position in such a big company has always been_his wildest dreams. 9.Between 1975 and 1977,the number of overseas visitors increased_27%. A. by B. for C.to D.in 10.Child_she was ,she could do housework for her mother. A.though B.althogh C

21、.for D.because 11.Does John know any other foreign languages_French. A.except B.but C.besides D.beside 12._does he have to type out the answer on a computer,_he gets the computer to translate it into sounds. A. Not only;but also B.Either;or C.Both ;and 学习必备欢迎下载D.as well as;but 13.When we design a bu

22、ilding,we should provide an entrance suitable for wheelchair on the passage,_lifts,suitable bathrooms and toilets. A. except B.as well C.as well as D.but to another. Many of the country people 14.Were stories passed on from one person could_read_write. A. both; and B. either; or C. neither; nor D. not only; but also 15.Would you like to come to dinner tonight. I d love to,_I m too busy. A.and B.so C.as D.but 答案与解析 1、A 介考查介词with 结构；即 with a break at midday是由“with+ 宾语 +介词短语充当宾补”,在句中作状语；