高考艺体生文化课百日冲刺英语：专题5动词的时态和语态

1、专题五 动词的时态和语态【命题趋势探秘】命题考查内一般时与完成时及完各时态的被与时态语态容进行时成进行时动语态相关的考点考查热度语法填语法填空,语法填空,语法填空,规律考查题空,单项单项填空,单项填空,单项填空,型填空,短短文改错,短文改错,短文改错,文改错,书面表达书面表达书面表达书面表达所占分值36 分36 分3 分3-6 分1. 动词时态和语态是高考英语语法考查重点之一,试题分布在单项填空、 语法填空和短文改错等题型中,在书面表达中,命题 能够正确运用动词时态和语态会有效地提高作文的得分档趋势 次；考试大纲列举了常见的十种时态,高考试卷仍会涉及过去/将来完成进行时和将来完成时；被动语态包

2、括一般现在时的被动语态,一般过去时的被动语态,一般将来时的被动语 态,现在进行时的被动语态,现在完成时的被动语态；高考试题对谓语动词被动语态的考查一般都是在时态的考查中同时进行；2. 从近年高考试题看,对各种时态和语态的考查重点是 一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时和现在 /将来完成进行时,语境的时间信息提示比较隐秘,往往不给出明确的时间状语,让考生通过上下文设置的语境,充分利用附加信息进行推断；【高频考点聚焦】英语动词共有 16 种时态,要求重点把握的有十种；另外过去完成进行时和 将来完成时在高考试题中也时有显现；名称主动语态形式被动语态形式一般现在时do/does am/is/

3、are done 一般过去时did was/were done 一般将来时will do will be done 一般 过去将would do would be done 来时现在进行时is/am/are doing am/is/are being done 过去进行时was/were doing was/were being done 将来进行时will be doing will be being done 过去将来进行would be doing 暂没涉及时现在完成时have/has done have/has been done 过去完成时had done had been done

4、 将来完成时will have done will have been done 现在完成进行have/has been 暂没涉及时doing 暂没涉及过去完成进行had been doing 时 考点 1 一般时与进行时【基础学问梳理】1.一般现在时的基本用法1表示常常或反复发生的动作,现在的情形或状态,常与表示频度的 often, never, every day, sometimes等状语连用；如：The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park这老两口常常在晚饭后到 花园里漫步； 高考例句 2表示客观真理、客观存在、科学

5、事实、名言警句等；如：In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words used in daily conversations.有些语言中, 100 个单词就构成了日常会话中所使用词汇的一半；高考例句 3表示主语的特点、性格和才能；如：Although a famous scientists, Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research.尽管是闻名的科学家, 袁隆平仍旧认为自己是个农夫,由于他在田间耕作,进行科学争

6、论；4在时间、条件和让步状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来动作；如：If we sit near the front of the bus, well have a better view. 假如我们坐在公共汽车的前部,就会有更好的视野；高考例句 5表示方案或支配中的将来动作,通常为 begin, be 等动词；如：go, come, start, leave, stay, return, When does the bus start.公共汽车什么时候开？It starts in 10 minutes.特别钟之后开；2.一般过去时的基本用法1表示过去某一具体时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常用时间状

7、语just now, a moment/minute/day, etc. ago 等；I wasn t at home last night. 昨天晚上我不在家；2表示过去时间内常常或习惯性的动作或状态；3在间接引语的时间状语从句、条件状语从句或让步状语从句中代替过去将来时表示 “过去将来 ”的动作或状态；如：He said he would come if he was not busy.他说假如他不忙就会来；4特殊句型 ; Its time that did/was/were .5有时过去时态只表示委婉的语气；I wondered if you could help me.你能帮我一下吗？

8、3.一般将来时的基本用法一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态,事物固有的属性或必定趋势,方案准备要做的事情；一般将来时有以下几种表示方式：1 “ will/shall do sth. 表示将来的准备或方案,有时表示临时的支配；will 有时候表示 “意愿”；I ve forgotten to post the letter for you. 我忘了帮你发信了；Well, in that case, Ill post it myself. 哦,既然这样,我自己去寄信吧；2 “ be going to do sth. 方案、准备、有迹象说明；如：It is going to rain, as

9、the clouds are gathering in the sky.天空乌云密集,要下雨了；3 “ be to do sth. 不行更换的方案、 命令、要求,用在 if 引导的状语从句表示可能性；如：The police surrounded the building and said: “ No one is to go out.”房,并且说, “谁也不许出去； ”4 “ be about to do sth. 一般不能与具体的将来时间状语连用,但可以和并列连词when 连用；如：He is about to leave.他立刻要走；5一般现在时表将来：表示严格依据时间表或原定方案将要发

10、生的事；如：The earliest flight takes off at 6 a.m.最早的航班早上 6 点起飞；【核心考点讲练】1.现在进行时的基本用法 1表示说话时正在进行的动作或发生的情形；2表示现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的情形,但不肯定是讲话时发生着的动 作；3表示按方案将要发生的动作, 近期特定的支配或方案； 通常只限于 go, come, leave, arrive 等趋向性动词；4 与 always,constantly, forever,all the time 等频度副词连用, 表常常反复的行 为或某种感情颜色；5下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时： 表示心理状态、 情感的动词

11、：like,love,hate,care,remember, believe, want, mind, wish, agree, mean,need； 表示存在的状态的动词及词组 on；:appear,exist,lie,remain,seem,belong to,depend 表示一时性动作的动词：allow,accept,permit,promise,admit,complete ； 表示感官的动词： see,hear,notice,feel,smell,sound,taste,look；2.过去进行时的基本用法1过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或某一阶段内发生或频繁发生的动作；2某一动作发生时

12、另一动作正在进行,其中一个在由 when 或 while 引导的时间状语从句中；连续性动作用过去进行时,短暂性动作用一般过去时；如：I was watching TV when Mum came in.妈妈进来时,我在看电视；3连系动词一般不用进行时,但是假如表示人或物在某一时刻的某种临时性变化或状态就可以用进行时形式,如：He was serious.他很庄重；He was just being serious.他只是当时假装很庄重而已；3.将来进行时的基本用法1表示将来某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作；2有时也可表示预料不久将要发生的动作,好像比一般将来时显得客气；【典例 1】（2022山

13、东）They made up their mind that they_ a new house once Larry changed jobs. A. bought B. would buy C. have bought D. had bought 解析：句意：他们下定了决心,一旦拉瑞换工作的话,他们就买个新居子；依据主句的 made 可知这里是站在过去的时间点说明这件事情,因此受主句时态的影响,这里用过去将来时的 would buy 表示将来的准备,因此选 B；答案： B 【典例 2】（2022北京） Hi, let s go skating. Sorry, Im busy right n

14、ow. I _ in an application form for a new job.A. fill B. have filled C. am filling D. will fill 解析：句意： 嗨,我们去滑冰吧； 对不起,我现在正忙着呢；我正在填一份新工作的申请表；由时间状语 正在发生,因此用现在进行时；答案： C right now 可知,在说话时 “填表”的动作【技巧点拨】突破点 2：一般过去时与过去进行时的区分这两个时态都表示过去的动作, 一般过去时表示过去的完整动作, 也就是说,这个动作已经终止；而过去进行时表示某个时候该动作正在进行,但仍没有完成,或者不知道是否已经终止；留

15、意利用语境进行辨析；如：He wrote a novel last month and is waiting for it to be published.他上个月写了一本 小说,现在正等待小说的出版；已经完成 He was writing a novel last month, and I wonder if he has finished it.他上个月在写一部小说,我不知道他是否已经写完了；上个月在写 考点 2 完成时及完成进行时【基础学问梳理】1.现在完成时的基本用法 1表示过去所发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果,着眼点在现在；通常与表示连续的时间状语连用,如yet,just,

16、before,lately,often,never,now,today等,但不能与表示过去具体时间的过去时间状语连用（如 in 1993,last year等）；如：I ve forgotten his telephone number.我忘了他的电话号码了；2表示一个从过去某个时间开头,连续到现在,并可能连续下去的动作；常同表示一段时间的状语连用, 如 so far,up to now,since,for the past（last）few years等；如：He has worked here for over twenty years.他在这里工作已有 20 多年了；2.过去完成时的基本

17、用法1过去完成时的动作表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或已经存 在的状态；句中常用 by,before,until,when 等词引导时间状语；如：By the end of last year,we had built five new houses.到去年末,我们已建了五座新 房子；2过去完成时的动词仍可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态连续到过 去某个时间或连续连续下去；如：Before he slept,he had worked for 12 hours.他工作了 12 个小时才睡觉；3常用于以下情形 主句使用了一般过去时,宾语从句的谓语表示在主句动作之前发生的动作,此时宾

18、语从句用过去完成时；如：She said that she had never been to Paris.她说她从未去过巴黎； 用在含状语从句的句子中, 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先的,用过去完成时；发生在后的,用一般过去时；如：When the police arrived,the thieves had run away.警察到达时,小偷们早就跑了；3.将来完成时的基本用法表示到将来某一时刻已经发生的动作,或某一动作将连续到将来某一时刻；4.现在完成进行时的基本用法表示一个动作开头于过去,连续到现在,并强调现在仍在进行,或者该动作不会再连续,但是强调动作连续的时间很长；因此它

19、含有“未完性、临时性、感情颜色等 ”的特点；如：There you are at last. Ive been waiting for you for half an hour. 强调说话者 “埋怨”的感情颜色 5.过去完成进行时的基本用法 表示某一动作开头于过去的过去某一时间,连续到过去某一时间,并且仍未 完成；如：He had been writing the letter till two oclock. 他写这封信始终写到 2 点钟；6.将来完成进行时的基本用法 表示动作从某一时间开头始终连续到将来某一时间；是否连续下去,要 视上下文而定；这个时态常和表示将来某一时间的状语连用；如：I

20、 shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year. 到今年年底,我将在这个工厂工作 20 年了；【核心考点讲练】1.一般现在时、现在进行时与现在完成时的区分 一般现在时表示主语常常性和习惯性的动作或存在的状态,也表示说话者的 才能及自然现象；而现在进行时表示说话时（瞬时）正在进行的动作,也表示 目前或现阶段始终进行的动作,也就是说,现在进行时表示当前显现的变化；如：Mr Smith works in this company, but he is not working t

21、oday.史密斯先生在本公司 上班,但他今日没有上班；John is usually not serious about his work, but he is being serious now.通常,约翰对 工作不仔细,但是此时他特别仔细；现在完成时就表示过去的动作连续到现在,或者过去的动作对现在仍旧起作 用；如：I have been told that the meeting might be put off until further notice. 我被告知, 这 个会议被推迟了,等候具体通知；2. 一般过去时与现在完成时的区分 一般过去时表示与现在没有任何关系的过去的动作,现在完

22、成时表示的事情 与现在有关系,是过去事情在现在产生的结果或对现在的影响；或者说,现在 完成时表示的动作对现在仍旧起作用,有影响,而一般过去时表示的动作或状态现在已经不存在了；如：Smith hasnt come yet. He has promised to go with us to the interview. 史密斯仍没有来；他答应和我们一起去参与面试的；-I m sorry I cant go with you to the interview tomorrow. 对不起,我明天不能和你一起去参与面试；-But you promised.可是,你答应过的；【典例 1】（2022江苏）

23、How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing. Well, the media _ it in a variety of forms. A. cover B. will cover C. have covered D. covered 解析：句意： 你对即将在南京举办的青奥会明白多少？哦,媒体已 经以各种各样的形式对它进行报道了；问话人询问对方有多少明白,其次个人没有直接回答,而是说媒体已经报道了许多相关信息,因此这里不能用一般现 在时的 A 项、一般将来时的 B 项,也不能用一般过去时表示与当

24、前无关的事情,而是用现在完成时表示到目前为止媒体已经报道了许多,因此选 C；答案： C 【典例 2】（2022山东） Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we_. A. will expect B. are expecting C. expect D. had expected 解析：句意：手写出全部的邀请函比我们预想的更耗时；依据主句中的关键词语 was可知“耗费时间 ”这一动作已经发生,而 “预想时间 ”应当是发生在 “耗 费时间 ”之前,即 expect的时态为过去的过去（过去完成时）

25、,因此选 D；答案： D 【技巧点拨】一般过去时与过去完成时的区分1.一般过去时是对现在说话时刻而言,过去完成时就是对过去某一时刻而言,表示 “过去动作之前的动作 ”,即我们俗称的 “过去的过去 ”； 过去完成时的时间 状语常用 by 和 before 引导的短语表示,如： by that time,by the end of,before 2022,by the time+句子等；2.两个过去发生的动作,假如这两个动作是紧密相联系的,没有先后区分,或者有,但是说话人不关注这个区分,此时都用一般过去时,特殊是在 when、as、before、after 等连词引导状语从句时,由于连词已经表示了

26、动作的先后,因 此主句和时间状语从句都用一般过去时；如：When I opened the door, I found him standing outside waiting for me.我打开门的 时候发觉他在外面站着等我；3.表示与现在没有任何联系的过去某段时间做过某事,用一般过去时；如：He worked in the country school for five years, and is now teaching in a university.他 在这所乡村学校工作过 5 年,现在在一所高校教书；4.过去发生的两个动作,假如这两个动作连接很紧密,没有或者几乎没有先后之分,或者

27、不留意动作的先后, 此时两个动词都用一般过去时；假如用 when,before,after 等连词引导状语从句, 主、从句的两个谓语动词就都用一般过去时；When he came to the door, I recognized him at once.他走到门口时, 我立刻几认出他了；5.动词 think,want,hope,mean准备,plan,intend,expect 用过去完成时表示过去没有实现的想法、准备、意图等；I had planned to help you, but I didn我准备帮他,但那时我没时间；6.留意某些句式结构中一般过去时与过去完成时的转换,比如 as

28、soon as引导状语从句表示过去的动作,从句用一般过去时,转换为 hardly/not when,no sooner than的句式时主句要用过去完成时；As soon as he came to the door, I recognized him.他一到门口我就认出他了；=No sooner had he come to the door than I recognized him. 考点 3 各时态的被动语态【基础学问梳理】谓语动词的被动语态语态是表示主语、谓语和宾语之间相互关系的动词形式；在英语中有主动语态和被动语态之分；被动语态的基本形式：语态助动词be+过去分词；在依据不同的时态

29、使用各种时态的被动语态时,只将 be 变为与其相应的时态形式, 过去分词不变；也可用 get/become+过去分词；各种时态的被动语态形式一般现在is/am/are done 现在完成时have/has been done 时一般过去was/were done 过去完成时had been done 时一般将来will/shall be 将来完成时will/shall have been 时过去将来完done done 过去将来would/should be would/should have been 时成时done done 现在进行现在完成进is/am/are being have/ha

30、s been being 时done 行时done 过去进行was/were being 过去完成进had been being done 时行时done will/shall have been 将来进行will/shall be 将来完成进时being done 行时being done 一般过would be done 过去将来完would/should be being 成进行时去将来时done 【核心考点讲练】1.被动语态的用法1不知道谁是动作的执行者,或没有必要指明谁是动作的执行者；如：The window hasnt been cleaned for weeks. 这窗户已经有几

31、个星期没有擦过了；2需要强调或突出动作的承担者或大事本身；如：All the employees are encouraged to work online at home.全部员工都被勉励在家 上网工作；3当动作的执行者不是人时；如：The number of deaths from heart disease has to be reduced.必需削减由于心脏病 死亡的人数；4留意短语动词的被动语态、双宾语的被动语态和含有情态动词的被动语 态；如：The plan will be given up.那方案就要被舍弃了；The plan will be put into practice

32、as soon as possible. We took good care of the computer.The computer was taken good care of. Good care was taken of the computer. 2.主动形式表被动意义：1系动词一般没有被动语态,如look, sound, feel, smell. Taste, appear等；He looked surprised.他看起来很惊奇；2read, write, act, cut, draw, drive, sell, wash等动词用主动语态不及物动词表 示主语的属性或特点；The

33、article reads smoothly.这篇文章读起来很流畅；3fit, have, wish, suffer, happen to, belong to 等动词及动词短语没有被动语态 The book belongs to my friend Li Min.这本书是我伴侣李敏的；【典例 1】（2022全国大纲） Unless extra money_, the theatre will close. A. was found B. finds C. is found D. found 解析：句意：除非找到额外的资金,要不然,这家剧院就得关闭了；由语境可知,此处是 unless引导的状语

34、从句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表示将来的动作,而主语money 与本空动词 find 是规律上的动宾关系,应当用一般现在时被动语态,因此选 C；答案： C 【技巧点拨】利用主从句时态的一样性解题 主从复合句中时态的一样主要有以下几种情形：1.主将从现 在以 when,after,as soon as等引导的时间状语从句以及 if,unless等引导 的条件状语从句中,假如主句是一般将来时、祈使句或是含有情态动词的一般 现在时,状语从句就用一般现在时；如：Ill tell her the good news when she comes back.当她回来的时候,我将把这个 好消息告知

35、她；Dont laugh at me when I make a mistake. 我犯错误的时候不要笑话我；2.主过从过 在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中,当主句的谓语动词为过去时态时,从句 须用表示过去的某种时态；例如：He asked when they would go to the party. 他问他们什么时候将去参与聚会；3.主现从任 在宾语从句中,当主句的时态为一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时等时 态时,后面从句时态不受主句限制,可依据情形,选用各种适合的时态；例如：Do you know when well have a football match.你知道我们什么时候举办足球

36、 赛吗？People at that time dint believe that the earth is round. 那时的人们不信任地球是圆的；【典例 2】（2022天津） We won_. t start the work until all the preparations A. are being made B. will be made C. have been made D. had been made 解析：句意：直到全部的预备工作都做完了,我们才开头工作；依据主句wont start可以看出语境表达将来的动作, until 引导的时间状语从句用一般现在 时表示将来的动作,

37、或用现在完成时表示连续到将来的动作或状态,而主语preparations 与本空动词 make 是规律上的动宾关系,应当用被动语态,因此本 空选 C,用现在完成时被动语态；答案： C 【技巧点拨】在解答时态和语态的试题时,要依据谓语动词与主语之间的关系来确定是否 应当使用被动语态,并留意各个不同时态的被动语态结构的构成； 考点 4 与时态语态相关的考点【基础学问梳理】高考命题不再单纯考查某一时态的用法,而是在具体语境中考查时态、语态 的相关内容,留意多种时态和语态进行综合考查,这就要求考生进行全面综合 的考虑,而不只是依据一个方面去判定答案；【核心考点讲练】一不能用被动语态的几种情形1.系动词

38、没有被动语态,因此look,sound,feel,smell,taste,appear,seem, go,prove,turn, stay, become, fall,get,grow,keep等系动词与形容词或名词构成系表 结构；如：The steel feels cold.钢摸起来很凉；His plan provedto bepractical.他的方案被证明很有用；2.表示开头、终止、运动的动词,如 begin,finish,start,open,close,stop,end,shut,run,move 等；如：Work began at 7 oclock this morning. 早

39、上 7 点钟开头工作；3.表示主语的某种属性特点的动词, 如 read,write,act,iron,cut,draw,drive,sell,wash, clean,wear,open,cook,lock,shut,dry,eat,drink；这类动词一般不单独使用,常有一 个修饰语；如：This coat dries easily.这种外衣简单干；The article reads well.这篇文章读着很流畅；4.少数动词用于进行时,其主动形式表示被动含义,如 print,cook,fry,hang,build,make；如：The meat is cooking.肉在煮；5.介词 in,

40、on,under 等名词构成介词短语表被动意义；表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用,含被动之意,其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式,名词前一般不用冠词；如：under control 受掌握； under treatment 在治疗中； under repair 在修理中；under discussion 在争论中；under construction 在施工中 二使役动词的被动语态使役动词表示 “让/ 使某人 / 物 ”,这些动词或接宾语 比如反身代词 ,或用 系表结构 “ get/be+过去分词 ”结构表状态；关于使役动词的用法在第五章的相关 章节有具体说明,这里不复赘述；【典例 1】

41、（2022北京）I found the lecture hard to follow because it _ when I arrived. A. started B. was starting C. would start D. had started 解析：句意：我觉得很难听懂这堂讲座了,由于我到的时候它已经开头了；由 hard to follow 可知 start 的动作发生在 “我”到达之前, arrive 的动作后发生,因此这里表示发生在 “过去的过去 ”,用过去完成时,因此选 D；答案： D 【典例 2】（2022江西） Tony, why are your eyes red.

42、I_up peppers for the last five minutes. A. cut B. was cutting C. had cut D. have been cutting 解析：句意： 为什么你的眼睛发红；我在过去的五分钟内一直在剁辣椒；依据 for the last five minutes 可知,此处应当用现在完成进行时表示在连续到现在的较长时间里始终在做某事；此题易误选 C 项,误以为动作是过去的过去发生的；其实此句是指过去所做的事对现在的影响；答案： D 【技巧点拨】1.依据时间状语确定时态 各个时态都有自己特定的时间标志词,可依据标志词确定动词的时态；如：一般现在时：

43、 often, always, usually, sometimes, every day等；一般过去时： then, in the past, just now, yesterday, last night/week , after that, at that time, ago, the other day 等；一般将来时： tomorrow, next week/month, in an hour, in the coming few days, in 2046 等；现在进行时： Listen. Be quiet. Now, these days, forever, constantly

44、, all the time 等；现在完成时： so far, recently, before, yet, ever, by now, in/for/over/during the last/past+时间段等；现在完成进行时： in the last +时间段, the whole morning 等；2.运用“五看法 ”确定动词时态 一看时间状语：留意各种时间状语和与之呼应的时态；二看已知动词时态：留意复合句中主、从句之间时态的呼应；三看语境：在大多数情形下,动词的时态由上下文打算,这就要求我们留意 语境的提示；四看句型；有不少的句型的运用,都存在特定的对应关系,如hardly when

45、和 no sooner than都要求主句用过去完成时；熟记这些句型对应的时态能帮忙 我们快速精确地答题；五看“时”与“态”：第一确定这个动作是什么时候的事,处于什么状态,是完 成了仍是正在进行,然后确定这个动词与主语的关系是主动仍是被动；专题热点集训 5 动词的时态和语态（45 分钟）I. 单项填空 1.（2022天津）Jane cant attend the meeting at 3 oclock this afternoon because she _ a class at that time. A. will teach B. would teach C. has taught D.

46、will be teaching 2.（2022天津）Despite the previous rounds of talks,no agreement _ so far by the two sides. A. has been reached B. was reached C. will reach D. will have reached 3.（2022重庆） Is Peter coming. No,he _ his mind after a phone call at the last minute. A. changes B. changed C. was changing D. h

47、ad changed 4.（2022江苏） The real reason why prices _,and still are,too high is complex,and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem. A. were B. will be C. have been D. had been 5.（2022浙江）Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child,few people guessed that he _ a famous scientist who

48、se theories would change the world. A. has been B. had been C. was going to be D. was 6.（2022福建 To my delight,I _ from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony. A. was chosen B. was being chosen C. would choose D. had chosen 7.（2022福建 SWhere is Peter. I cant find him anywhere. He went t

49、o the library after breakfast and _ his essay there ever since. A. wrote B. had written C. has been writing D. is writing 8.（2022湖南 I wasnt able to hide my eagerness when I _,“ What do you wish me to do now？”A. ask B. have asked C. am asking D. asked 9.（2022湖南） He must have sensed that I _ him. He s

50、uddenly glanced at me and said quietly,“ Why are you staring at me like that？”B. looked at A. would look at C. was looking at D. am looking at 10.（2022湖南 I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy,but _ thankfully by the shop window. A. am held back B. held back C. hold back D. was held

51、 back II. 完形填空（2022四川）阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C 和 D）中,选出可以填入空白处的正确选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑；My previous home had a stand of woods behind it and many animals in the backyard. That first year,I _11_feeding peanuts to the blue jays,then the squirrels. The squirrels had no _12_coming up right to me for them. As

52、 the months went by,the rabbits saw that I was no _13_and didnt escape. When I threw carrot slices薄片,they even came for a nibble啃. Slowly they came to _14_me,and by the end of the year they were eating out of my hand. That second year,the rabbits _15_ me,and one would even sit up for slices！While I

53、was feeding them,I_16_that a groundhog who used to run away was now talking an_17_interest in this food situation.I carefully extended a long_18_,with a keen eye on those teeth,and _19_,there were times I would have the groundhog sitting next to a rabbit,both munching津津有味地咀嚼 on carrots. A few months

54、 later,while _20_,she would even turn her back to me. _21_when she was facing away,I reached out and _22_scratched搔 her back with my finger.She didnt move. By year three,the rabbits and the groundhog were back. The groundhog _23_didnt have a problem with me scratching her back,and I got an idea,Id a

55、lways_24_,while slicing up carrots,that the end looked like a cap._25_one day,just to see what she would do,I gently _26_ one on top of the groundhogs head. Again,not a _27_. The next time,I had my camera ready to record what you see here,one of several dozen such pictures,_28_she had a slice to eat

56、,she never _29_ the one of her head. It was a fair _30_I got a pleasure,and she had yet another tasty treat. 11. A. avoided B. started C. canceled D. suggested 12. A. business B. fun C. problem D. privilege 13. A. help B. cheat C. threat D. exception 14. A. trust B. miss C. admire D. appreciate 15.

57、A. feared B. ignored C. discovered D. remembered 16. A. proved B. decided C. noticed D. understood 17. A. extreme B. increasing C. additional D. inspiring 18. A. squirrel B. rabbit C. peanut D. carrot 19. A. before long B. long ago C. over and over D. all over again 20. A. eating B. playing C. sitti

58、ng D. sleeping 21. A. Next B. Once C. Soon D. Lately 22. A. carefully B. suddenly C. violently D. patiently 23. A. also B. thus C. just D. still 24. A. thought B. doubted C. admitted D. recognised 25. A. While B. Or C. So D. For 26. A. fixed B. placed C. hung D. kept 27. A. tremble B. move C. delay

59、D. hesitation 28. A. Even if B. Ever since C. As far as D. So long as 29. A. welcomed B. required C. bothered D. expected 30. A. trade B. competition C. task D. affair III. 阅读懂得（2022湖南）In its early history,Chicago had floods frequently,especially in the spring,making the streets so muddy that people

60、,horses,and carts got stuck. An old joke that was popular at the time went something like this：A man is stuck up to his waist in a muddy Chicago street. Asked if he needs help,he replies,“ No,thanks. Ive got a good horse under me.”The city planners decided to build an underground drainage排水 system,b