Unit 3-unit4知识点详解及练习 人教版英语八年级下册讲义

1、Unit3 Could you please clean your room?一重点单词 1. take /tek/v. 拿，采取，获得用法(1) out 意为“. 带出去”take the 倒垃圾 off意为“脱下; 起飞; 请假(3) down 意为写下，记下” (4) up 为开始从事 占用”(5) away 为拿走(6) sth./ take sth. 意为“给某人送去某物”例句 out rubbish you go out.Take off wet clothes.When did off?I want to take a day I didnt take down his phon

2、e number.I want to take writing.The work took up of the away. Its smelly. Take her some Take to 练习：1. Bob is taking desks because they _ up B. pick C. up D. up2. ，its outside._ your you go out.OK，Mum. Take off B. awayC. Put away D. Put on【参考答案】1. 2. D2. / v. 逗留，停下；保持某种状态用法例句(1) stay out 意为“待在外面回家 Th

3、at the first time Elliot out all(2) stay out of 意为不插手，置身事 army to of way of外”(3) stay 意为跟着. 不离开”the relief effort.I know need your too to stay me.(4) stay up (late)意为“熬夜睡觉” I used to up with mom movies.(5) in(大地点)/ 地点)意为 I prefer to at on “待在某”用所给词的适当形式完成句子（词数不限）(1) 每天喝牛奶有助于保持健康。It will you _ (2) 他们

4、宁愿待在家而不愿去打篮球。They prefer to _ home _ (play) 【参考答案】(1) (to) (2) stay at, (to) play3. in front of在.前面用法(1) in front 名词例句（在事物外部的前面） is a tree in front theclassroom.(2) 拓展In of在事物内部的 There is a teachers desk in the front of前面）+ 名词辨析：ahead in front of, ahead of相同点都表示“在.前面the classroom.in front before不同点a

5、head of 指具体和比喻in front 一般用作before 一般用在具体空间上前面，还可以指 表示具体的地点介时间前面，表示时间上提前或超越词，可以指具体和比 喻空间上前面，但是 不可以指时间上提前“在之前”；还可 表示时间上的先后顺 序例句The project He in Annie a few ahead of the sofa in front of schedule. TV. before用 ahead in front of, 填空 up _ sunrise.(2)The _ me stopped suddenly and I brake. will be _ in Eng

6、lish.【参考答案】(1) (2) in front of; (3) ahead of4. come /k v. 来，出现，发生用法(1) over 意为经过，顺便来访” (2) 意为 偶然遇见(3) 为“出来，出版(4) with 为“ 追上，想出(5) true 意为“实现”(6) about 意为发生”例句Come you time.I came English teacher at KFC yesterday.His out on time.We to come with practical I believe my dream will come true. How come ab

7、out?1.用 的相关短语填空(1)That _ week.(2)Ill let know if anything _.2.选择Very few experts _ complete new answers to the worlds economic come B. come with C. come D. come across【参考答案】1. (1) comes out; (2) comes about; B5. surprise /sz/ 用法n. & v. 惊奇，诧异例句(1) in 为“惊奇地”Tom at me in surprise.(2) by surprise 为（令某人）

8、 How it will you completely出其不意地.” (3 to ones surprise， 惊的是”意为“使人吃by surprise. boy the prize.(4) 作及物动词意为使.吃His me.惊”： sb.(5) 拓展 为形容词意为“吃 I was surprised to see there. 惊的”，常用搭配为： to sth.(6) 拓展：surprising 也为形容词，意为 gave me “令人吃惊的用 的适当形式填空 are _ _ gave me _ by 【参考答案】(1) surprised, surprising; (2) surpri

9、se6. . as 和.样用法(1) as 形容词/副词原级 + as 为例句Tom runs fast “和.一样.”(2) 拓展： + as/ so + 形容词/副词原 Tom doesnt run as fast as John.级+ as 为“不如.”(3) 拓展 意为一. 就.” Please call me soon as you arrive in其引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时 表示一般将来时练习：1. Tom will as soon he B. will reach in D. get 2. I will him the news soon as he_ back. C.

10、will D. came【参考答案】1. 2. B7. spend用法 v. 度过，花费例句(1) spend on sth.意为“在.上花费时间/钱”(2) spend (in) doing 意为“花费时间/金钱做某事”I spent two hours They (in) building (3) spend money 意为“花钱买.” books.a lot for these辨析： 和 pay 表花费”时的区别主语花费的东搭配例句西spend人时间金钱 （见上表）（见上表）cost事物时间金钱(doing) sb.事花 take it/事时间费了某人多少时间/钱 cost lot o

11、f time. It takes 时间to It them three years to do sth.某事花了某人 build this road.多少时间pay人金钱(1) for(1) I pay them 20sth.付钱（给某人）买.(2) pay for ；付.的钱pounds for each month.(2) I pay for book lost.(3) for 某人付 (3) Dont worry! Ill pay for钱you.(4) ：付钱给某人 They every(5) back：还 钱month.(5) May I 12yuan(6) pay off ones

12、 ： from you? ll pay it back还清next week.(6) It would take him rest life to pay off that loan.练习：1. I _ pounds for this room pay B. paid cost D. took2. too much time _ the report. writing B. to on writing D. write3. -What beautiful shoes youre wearing! They must be expensive. _ C. D. 【参考答案】1. A 2. A 3

13、. D8. / 完成 sth.意为做完某事”As soon as hed finished eating, he excused himself.翻译：我已经做完家庭作业了。_ 【参考答案】I doing my homework.9. try/tra/ 尝试，努力用法(1) try (doing) 意为“ 尝试（做）某 事”例句The are chopsticks.(2) try to sth.意为尽力做成某事” Were trying to solve the difficult problemby (3) try/ do ones best to do sth.意为“尽 某人最大的努力做某

14、事”(4) try on 意为试穿(5) try out 意为试行，试验”In word, we must try to the job.Will you on coat?I wanted to try boat next weekend.练习：用 try 短语的适当形式填空1.The _ of chemicals they the right one. 2. 2.I_ the _ I it was too big for me.【参考答案】1. out 2. 10. provide vad/v. 提供用法(1) provide for sb.为向某人提供 某物”(2) provide wit

15、h sth.也意为向某人 提供某物”例句The school for students.They with all books we 辨析： 和 give 表“提供，供给时的不同用法provideoffer（见上表） （见上表）(1) offer sb. offer (1) She cupto 为某人提供某物of tea.= offered cup(2) offer to do sth.动提 of tea me.出做某事(2) offered to go instead ofme. sb. with Cows supply us with milk. sth.to/ for 为某 In Bri

16、tain, is supplied人提供某物give give = sth. to：为某人提供某物to each house in They T-shirts stickers.= They T-shirts stickers to us.练习：1. The Cross the homeless tents. as B. offered, divided, into D. provided, with2. Newspapers _ useful information day. you arrive a place, buy a first. offer B. provide with C.

17、D. provide with3. We will _ the equipment of laboratory. with for C. with D. give, for4. gave me a book. （改成同义句） _ _ _ 【参考答案】1. D A 3. C 4. book 11. neither /na 两者都不用法例句(1) . 意为.，也不.” Neither she nor I am at 谓语动词遵循“就近原则”(2) 表示一 不怎么样，另一个 . He cant swim, neither/nor do I.是 如 此 ： 否 定 陈 述 neither/ .(3)

18、对此一个.怎么样一个.也是同 can do I.样如此:肯定陈述句，so do/ (4) 拓展： 两者之一常用搭配为 you or she good at “either.or” “ 要么. 要么.”，谓语动词同样遵循“就近原则”练习：1. _ _ animals live without air. Both, B. Either, C. So, that D. Neither, nor2.“You cant have them both. can choose _ bike _ the ” said mom. B. nor D. not also3. If all the on die, _

19、 people _ will be able to nor B. C. not only, but D. or【参考答案】1. D 2. A 3. A12. hate/het/v. 厌恶，憎恶用法例句(1) do 意为“讨厌/不喜欢做某 I hate to unhappy.事”(2) hate sth./ 为“讨厌/不喜欢某事/ He hates his job.人”(3) hate doing 意为讨厌/不喜 Jennys mother hates her staying late. 欢做某事”(4) dislike 意为“不喜欢”，程度比 I dislike go to cinema al

20、one. 要轻，常用搭配同 you know if Cindy will drive to Italy -Cindy? _ driving. has C. will hate D. hates【参考答案】D13. make/ let/mek/ / /let/ 让，使用法(1) let sb. do 为“使/让某人 做某事”例句The teacher let Mary help me with English.(2) 拓展：在被动语态中，要使用带 is me with 的不定式充当宾语补足语，即：sb. do 练习：1.-How you feel when you the national go

21、 up? -It makes me _very proud. felt B. to C. feeling D. 2.-Many teenagers are made _ theyre not_. -I to do, interested B. to in do in【参考答案】1.D 2. B14. borrow/ r/ / /lend/ 借（进/出）D. interested用法例句(1) borrow 意为 “借（进 ”borrow sth. I a from from .从.那里借来. (2) 意为 “ 借（出） ”lend . sth./ My best friend lent dic

22、tionary lend sth.to ：把.借给. =My best friend lent her dictionary to yesterday.-Could you please _ me your -Certainly. are. borrow B. to C. D. to lend【参考答案】C15. mind/ ma /v. 介意用法(1) 意为介意”mind (ones) (not) doingsth.介意（某人不）做某事(2) 拓展： never mind: 没关系/ 别在 意用于回答别人的致谢或者道歉） 练习：例句Its too hot. Would you mind (m

23、y) opening the -Thanks help. -Never 1. Would your _ here? not to smoke B. not smoking C. not to smoking 2. Would your _ on radio?D. not I B. my turning 【参考答案】1. B BC. I turn D. my 16. learn/ l: 学习用法(1) 意为学习.”(2) do 意为“习做.”例句When did you start learning I decide to play the 翻译：她去年这个时候在法国学法语。 _ 【参考答案】S

24、he was French in last 语法情态动词 could 的用法一、构成情态动词 could 可用于礼貌地向对方提出请求或请求对方的许可，用于疑问句 中，可代替 在时间上与 can 没有区别，但语气要比 更委婉，有礼貌。 其答语没有固定的形式，但要符合上下文语境。二、用法1. 委婉地表示请求别人做某事常用句型 Could (please) sth?肯定答语 Yes, sure./Yes, I can./ Of course, can./No problem./With pleasure 否定答语 可先拒绝再说明理由Sorry, I cant. have to/Sorry, Im g

25、oing / Im afraid I cant. I have you make bed? sure. you the -Sorry, cant. Im going to do my homework.2. 委婉地表示请求别人允许自己做某事常用句型 I do sth? 肯定回答 Yes, can./ please.否定回答 Sorry, you cant./I afraid you cant. I sit here? you I use your computer?-Sorry, you cant. Im going to work on it.【拓展】could 的其他用法：1.用来表示过去

26、的能力、可能性或资格：I It be at that time. men could go to club days.2.用来表推测或条件：I be If could help, would.3. 用来表示建议You get sister a scarf as birthday present.1. Could I the phone, Miss Li? _. Yes, B. Im sorry I cant C. sure D. No, please2. you please _. Im going to do my homework.A. Sorry, I cant B. No, I cou

27、ldnt Yes, can D. 【参考答案】 CA1. allowUnit4 Why dont you talk your parents?/ / 允许用法(1) allow 例句意为“允许做某事” They dont allow smoking.(2) allow (not) to do 允许某人做某事”意为不） lawyer doesnt allow son to make decision.(3) be allowed do 允许做某事 is not police 练习：1. The light _ you to allows B. C. will allowD. is allowin

28、g2. His father doesnt allow him _ swimming alone. goes B. to C. going 【参考答案】ABD. go2. wrong/r/有毛病的，错误的用法(1) 意为有毛病的,有错误的 (2) 常用句型例句 of women Whats with baby?Whats wrong 人/ 物) 你 怎 么 is with my bike. 了？ is something with 什么东西出了毛病练习：1. sad._ I fail in final exam.A. Whats wrong? B. Whats that?C. you? D.

29、Why 2. didnt you attend the wedding on Sunday morning? there _ with my that morning. anything wrong B. C. nothing D. everything wrong【参考答案】AB3. deal /di v. 处理，对付 用法(1) deal 为“处理，对待”(2) 协议成交例句How we with matter? I dont know how to deal with him. Its a deal!(3) a deal of 后常接不可数 I a deal him. 名词，表示“很多”

30、练习：1. we agree, youll buy our house! We have a good _? deals B. C. D. 2. You are enough _ deal with B. deal in 【参考答案】BAC. deal on D. deal to4. offer/f/ 提供用法例句(1) v. (主动)拿给，给予后接名词或 The man offered old 代词作宾语,可接双宾语offer sb. sth. =offer to (2) n. 愿意做的事或给予某物后接seat Thank you your offer ofof / sth) helping

31、 me. Thank for offer to help me.(3) n. 出价 an offer of $8888 for that 练习：The boy to lady on crowded bus. offered B. brought C. lent D. took【参考答案】A5. communicate用法/kmjunt/ 交流例句(1) v.交流 communicate with sb. 和 某 They communicate with each other by人交流(2) communication 交流；沟通They like to for communication.

32、练习：1. They can understand each other they difficulty in _. communicate B. communicating D. communicates 2. Why dont you sit down and _with your friend? communicate B. communicating D. communicates【参考答案】CA6. explain/ ksple / v. 解释，说明用法例句(1) explain sb.=explain to sb 向某 You to the人解释某事(2) n. explanati

33、on 解释，说明We all that is not proper.选词填空，用 explain 的适当形式填空。1.Mr. Wu always a lot of time _ 解释) to 2.Would you me your _ about 【参考答案】12. 7. return rtn/ v. 返回；归还用法例句(1) 归还 return to = give back to He iPhone didnt把还给(2) 回来，返回= it to They a 练习：1. Last week she borrowed Lily storybook and didnt _ it. B. re

34、turn back C. give D. back2. soon he _ the stone clock will ring. B. C. D. coming【参考答案】AC8. compare/kmpe/ v. 比较，对比用法例句(1) A with B 将 A 和 B 做对 They them with比(2) A to B将 A 比作 B children.These children are to of country.练习：1. People a candle. to B. into C. D. 2. Its necessary in English toC. comparing;

35、 to 【参考答案】ABB. to compare; withD. to compare; into9. crazy/ / adj. 疯狂的用法(1) be 例句着迷于，热衷于 My football.(2) mad 也有疯狂”的意思，但 So, dont be at at 对愤怒恼火= be angry with 练习：1. This boy _ the that he an test. mad C. angry D. 2. The girl seems to be boyfriend. nervous B. crazyC. mad D. 【参考答案】AC10. nervous /n v a

36、dj. 紧张的 用法例句(1) be nervous about 对感到紧张 to nervous higher (2) adv. 紧张地The soldiers nervously waiting for the coming of rescue.练习：1. It will turn. I a little _. Take it You make it! nervous B. C. D. mad2. Kim is nervous _ his math before exam because he isnt _it. about; in about; at C. 【参考答案】ABD. at;

37、11. look lk/v. 看用法(1) through 浏览；从中显露(2) 相关搭配 for 寻找例句 be looking through the book at The police is for the proof. Their mother looks them very of 照 like 看起来像 out 当心 up 查阅顾 The man like a out when you walk forward to 盼望着 You up the new in the if you need.练习：1. Who _ the looking after B. looking arou

38、nd C. looking out 2. The children are your visit.D. looking down looking after B. looking out【参考答案】AD12. out解决，找出的答案用法例句C. looking upD. looking (1) 计算 ( 答案、数量、价格 等)(2) 制定出(计划等(3) 解决；找出的答案The math too difficult for me to work ouI have worked out new way of The has to out.练习：1.The their students to _

39、the by themselves, and in way can success. give up B. out look through D. in2. This math is too difficult. Can help me? on it B. work out it C. work it out 【参考答案】语法D. work i（一）表建议的句型一、 Why not 表建议Why dont you do = Why do Why dont you talk to your parents? 你为什么不和你的父母谈谈呢？ Why not with 为什么不和其他人一起出去呢？二、其他表建议的句型(1) What about doing ? = about doing ?.怎么样？What that pair of red glasses?How that blue hanging the shelf picture?(2) Lets 让我们一起做某事吧。Lets go camping with our friends.(3) Shall we/I do ? 我们做好吗？Shall we watch a (4 had better do/not 最好做不做某事Linda, you better not play beside