高一英语定语从句讲解和习题

1、考无忧论坛免费注册、无需点数定语从句一、基本观点：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。如：Doyouknowthemanwhospokeatthemeetingjustnow?Thatisthehousewherehelivedtenyearsago.定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来指引，关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连结作用，同时又作从句中的一个成帧?指引定语从句的关系代词有：that,who,whom,whose,which;关系副词有：when,where,why.二、关系词的用法：（一）关系代词的用法：1作主语用who,which和that,

2、如：Heisthemanwho/thatlivesnextdoor.Thetrainwhich/thathasjustleftisforShenzhen.2作宾语用whom,who,which,that,如：Theman(whom/who/that)wehavejustseenisafamouswriter.Whereisthebook(which/that)Iboughtlastweek?注：在非正式文体中，用于指人的关系代词whowhom,that往常能够省略，但在正式文体中往常用whom,不行省略；用于指物的关系代词which和that在非正式文体中也往常省略，但在正式文体中一般不省略。

3、3作定语用whose,如：Heisthemanwhosecarwasstolenlastweek.ItwasameetingwhoseimportanceIdidnotrealizeatthattime.注：“whose+名词中心词”这一构造在定语从句中既能作主语（如上a句），又能作宾语（如上b句）。whose的先行词常用来指人，但有时也能够用来指详细事物或抽象观点，这时能够与ofwhich构造交换，词序是：“名词+ofwhich，”如：Theycametoahousewhosebackwallhadbrokendown.(=thebackwallofwhich)Heswrittenabook

4、thenameofwhichIvecompletelyforgotten.(=whosename)4作表语只用that，它既能够指人，也能够指物，但经常省略。如：Heisnolongerthemanthatheusedtobe.Thisisnolongerthedirtyplace(that)itusedtobe.（二）关系副词的用法：1when指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词往常有：time,day,morning,night,week,year等。如：IstillrememberthetimewhenIfirstbecameacollegestudent.Doyouknowtheda

5、tewhenLincolnwasborn?注：when经常能够省略，特别是在某些句型和某些时间状语中。如：Eachtimehecame,hedidhisbesttohelpus.Buthelpneverstoppedcomingfromthedayshefellill.考无忧论坛免费注册、无需点数考无忧论坛免费注册、无需点数2where指地址，在从句中作地址状。它的先行往常有：place,spot,street,house,room,city,town,country等，如：Thisisthehotelwheretheyarestaying.IforgetthehousewheretheSmi

6、thslived.注：where有也能够省略。如：Thisistheplace(where)wemetyesterday.3why指原由或原由，它的先行只有reason。如：Thatisthereasonwhyheisleavingsosoon.注：why常也能够省略。如：Thatistherealreasonhedidit.(三)使用关系副注意以下几点：1三个关系副在乎上都相当于必定的介+which构：when=on(in,at,during)+which;where=in(at,on)+which;why=forwhich.如：IwasinBeijingonthedaywhen(=onwh

7、ich)hearrived.Theofficewhere(=inwhich)heworksisonthethirdfloor.Thisisthechiefreasonwhy(=forwhich)wedidit.2当先行是表的time,day等和表地址的place,house等，必定要注意剖析从句的构，假如缺乏主或，关系用which或that,缺乏状或地址状，才能用when或where，比：Illneverforgetthedaywhenmyhometownwasliberated.Illneverforgetthedayswhich/thatwespenttogetherlastsummer.

8、Hisfatherworksinafactorywhereradiopartsaremade.Hisfatherworksinafactorywhich/thatmakesradioparts.3when和where既能够引限制性定从句，也能够引非限制性定从句。而why只能引限制性定从句。三限制性定从句与非限制性定从句1限制性定从句明先行的状况，先行起限制作用，与先行关系十分亲密，不行用逗号分开，也不可省略，否全句意就不完好。如：Thisisthetelegramwhichherefersto.Isthereanything(that)Icandoforyou?2非限制性定从句不过先行作充明，

9、没有限制作用，它与先行的关系比松懈，因此不是关性的，假如省略，原句的意仍旧完好。种从句在朗要有停，在文字中往常用逗号与主句分开。如：ThisnotewasleftbyTom,whowashereamomentago.Asaboy,hewasalwaysmakingthings,mostofwhichwereelectric.引非限制性定从句的关系有：who,whom,whose,which,when和where，不可以够用that和why。此外，非限制性定从句从意上，相当于一个并列句，在口中使用其实不广泛，在平时生活中，人往常用考无忧论坛免费注册、无需点数（只有一个）（不只一个）而是整个主句或

10、是主句中的一个部分，考无忧论坛免费注册、无需点数并列句或句来表达。如：ItoldthestorytoJohn,wholaterdidittohisbrother.=ItoldthestorytoJohn,andhelatertoldittohisbrother.YesterdayIhappenedtoseeJohn,whowaseagertohaveatalkwithyou.=YesterdayIhappenedtoseeJohnandhewaseagertohaveatalkwithyou.3两种定从句的内涵不一样，限制性定从句拥有涉他性，而非限制性定从句拥有独一性，在理解和翻特注意。比：A

11、llthebooksthere,whichhavebeautifulpicturesinthem,werewrittenbyhim.Allthebookstherethathavebeautifulpicturesinthemwerewrittenbyhim.Hisbrother,whoiseighteenyearsold,isaPLAman.HisbrotherwhoisaPLAmaniseighteenyearsold.4有，非限制性定从句所修的不是某一个，一般采纳which或as来引。如：Hepassedtheexam,which/ashehopedhewould.注：（1）as引的从句

12、能够放在主句以前，而which引的从句只好放在主句以后。Theyarehollow,whichmakesthemverylight.Asisknowntoall,TaiwanisapartofChina.（2）从意上，which指前面主句的内容；而as指代的是作一般人都知道的常性的西，所以常成“就象那”。（3）假如定从句的内容主句的内容起悲观作用，用which，而不用as，如：Shestoleherfriendsmoney,whichwasdisgraceful.Hetoreupmyphoto,whichupsetme.5在正式文体中，以theway先行的限制性定从句往常以inwhich或th

13、at引，如：Thewayinwhichyouansweredthequestionswasadmirable.但在非正式文体中，人往常省略inwhich或that:Theway(inwhich)hespoketouswassuspicious.Idontliketheway(that)youlaughather.四关系的1在非限制性定从句中，关系代作主，只好用who指人，which指物；关系代做，常用whom（口中有用who）指人，which指物，它都不可以用that取代。2关系代作介，不是在限制性定从句中，是在非限制性定从句中，当介前置，只好用whom指人，which指物；但假如介后置，不受

14、种限制，关系代能够省去，特是在口中。如：Doyouknowtheboytowhomshewastalking?Doyouknowtheboy(that)shewastalkingto?Thepencil(which/that)hewaswritingwithsuddenlybroke.3在限制性定从句中，当先行指物，关系可用which或that，二者常能够互；但在以下状况中，只好用that，不用which：考无忧论坛免费注册、无需点数考无忧论坛免费注册、无需点数(1)当先行是all,alot,(a)little,few,much,none,anything,something,everythi

15、ng,nothing等。如：Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.InthisfactoryIsawlittle/muchthatwasdifferentfromours.(2)当先行被all,anyno,much,little,few,every等限制所修。如：Weheardclearlyeverywordthathesaid.(3)当先行是序数或被序数所修。如：Thefirstthingthatshouldbedoneistogetthetickets.WhenpeopletalkaboutHangzhou,thefirstthatcomestomindistheWest

16、Lake.当先行是形容最高或被形容最高所修，以及先行被序数和形容最高同修，如：Isthatthebestthatyoucando?Thatsthemostexpensivehotelthatweveeverstayedin.ThisnovelisthesecondbestonethatIhaveeverread.(5)当先行被thevery,theonly,thenext,thelast等所修。如：ThisistheverybookthatIwanttofind.当先行指人和指物的两个并列名。如：Theguestsspokehighlyofthechildrenandtheirperforma

17、ncesthattheysawattheChildrensPalace.Shedescribedinhercompositionsthepeopleandplacesthatimpressedhermost.当主句是以which开的特别疑句。如：Whichisthecarthatkilledtheboy?4.在定从句中，当先行指人，关系可用who(m)或that，二者常可互。但在以下状况中，用who(m)，而不用that：当先行是one,ones,any,few,anyone,anybody,someone,somebody,everyone,everybody等。如：Isthereanyon

18、ewhocananswerthisquestion?Hewasamongthefewwhomanagedtolivethroughtheenemyprisoncamp.注：在非正式文体中能够：Youretheonethatknowswheretogo.)(2)当先行是he,they,those,people,person等。如：Hewhowantstocatchfishjustnotmindgettingwet.Thosewhoareagainsttheproposalputupyourhands.注：在固定构的或中，可用hethat。如：Hethatpromisestoomuchmeansn

19、othing.当先行有的后置定修。如：Doyouknowthewriterinbluewiththickglasseswhoisspeakingatthemeeting?(4)在分开式定从句中，若先行指人，了明确修关系，当用who(m)。如：AnewmasterwillcametomorrowwhowillteachyouGerman.Theresonlyonestudentintheschoolwho/whomIwantedtosee.考无忧论坛免费注册、无需点数考无忧论坛免费注册、无需点数Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvited.(5)两个定从句同修

20、一个指人的先行，第二个定从句常用who(m)来引，如：SheistheonlygirlIknowwhocanplaytheguitar.5.在定从句中，当先行指人，在以下状况中，一般用关系that:当主句是以who或which开的特别疑句。如：Whoisthemanthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere?Whichofusthatknowsanythingdoesnotknowthis?当先行被形容最高或序数所修。如：Heisthegreatestmanthathaseverlived.(3)当先行被theonly,thevery,thelast等所修。如：She

21、istheonlypersonthatunderstandsme.6.当先行被thesame所修，关系既能够用as，也能够用that。在表示详细事物，有二者有必定的区。一般来，表示同一种多用as，表示同一事物多用that。如：ThisisthesameinstrumentthatIusedyesterday.就是我昨天用的那台器。ThisisthesameinstrumentasIusedyesterday.台器跟我昨天用的那台一。在抽象观点上，同种和同一事物是没有区的，所以两个可用：Ihavethesameopinionas/thatyouhave.里要注意的是：（1）使用as，它引的定从句

22、中的能够省略，但使用that，定从句中的不行省略。如：Womenreceivedthesamepayasmen.Womenreceivedthesamepaythatmenreceived.(2)在“thesamethat构”中，that不过用来加气，“同样”。that能够省去而不改句子原意，甚至名前的same也能够省去。如：ThisisthesameinstrumentthatIusedyesterday.ThisisthesameinstrumentIusedyesterday.ThisistheinstrumentIusedyesterday.但在“thesameas”构中，same和a

23、s都不可以省略。(3)当“thesamethat构”中的that作关系副用，不可以够直接与as互。如：HelivesinthesamebuildingthatIlive.=Helivesinthesamebuildingas/thatIlivein.Shallwemeetatthesameplacethatwelastmet?=Shallwemeetatthesameplacethat/aswelastmetat?7.当先行前有such,so,as，关系当用as。如：Awisemanseldomtalksaboutsuchthingsashedoesntunderstand.考无忧论坛免费注册

24、、无需点数考无忧论坛免费注册、无需点数HespokeinsucheasyEnglishaseverybodycouldunderstand.Atthistimeoftheday,allbusesandtrolleyshavetocarryasmanypassengersastheycan.Itissoeasyabookaseveryschoolboycanread.Letsdiscusssuchthingsaswecantalkoffreely.定语从句专项练习题及详解50题1.Theplace_interestedmemostwastheChildrensPalace.A.WhichB.wh

25、ereC.whatD.inwhich2.Doyouknowtheman_?A.whomIspokeB.towhospokeC.IspoketoD.thatIspoke3.Thisisthehotel_lastmonth.A.whichtheystayedB.atthattheystayedC.wheretheystayedatD.wheretheystayed4.Doyouknowtheyear_theChineseCommunistPartywasfounded?A.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhich5.Thatistheday_Illneverforget.A.which

26、B.onwhichC.inwhichD.when6.Thefactory_wellvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.A.whereB.towhichC.whichD.inwhich7.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesincetheninthefactory_weareworking.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.there8.Thisisoneofthebestfilms_.A.thathavebeenshownthisyearB.thathaveshownC.thathasbeenshownthisyearD.thatyoutal

27、ked9.Canyoulendmethebook_theotherday?A.aboutwhichyoutalkedB.whichyoutalkedC.aboutthatyoutalkedD.thatyoutalked10.Thepen_heiswritingismine.A.withwhichB.inwhichC.onwhichD.bywhich11.Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontof_satasmallboy.A.whomB.whoC.whichD.that12.Theengineer_myfatherworksisabout50yearsold.A.tow

28、homB.onwhomC.withwhichD.withwhom13.Itthereanyoneinyourclass_familyisinthecountry?A.whoB.whosC.whichD.whose14.Iminterestedin_youhavesaid.A.allthatB.allwhatC.thatD.which考无忧论坛免费注册、无需点数考无忧论坛免费注册、无需点数15.Iwanttousethesamedictionary_wasusedyesterday.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.as16.Heisntsuchaman_heusedtobe.A.whoB

29、.whomC.thatD.as17.HeisgoodatEnglish,_weallknow.A.thatB.asC.whomD.whatA.IwentwithB.withwhomIwentC.withwhoIwentD.Iwentwithhim19.Idontlike_asyouread.A.thenovelsB.thesuchnovelsC.suchnovelsD.samenovels20.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons_theyrememberedintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.what21.Theletterisfr

30、ommysister,_isworkinginBeijing.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.who22.Inourfactorythereare2,000workers,twothirdsof_arewomen.A.themB.whichC.whomD.who23.Youretheonlyperson_Iveevermet_coulddoit.A.who;/B./;whomC.whom;/D./;who24.Ilostabook,_Icantremembernow.A.whosetitleB.itstitleC.thetitleofitD.thetitleofthat25.Last

31、summerwevisitedtheWestLake,_Hangzhouisfamousintheworld.A.forwhichB.forthatC.inwhichD.what26.Ihaveboughtsuchawatch_wasadvertisedonTV.A.thatB.whichC.asD.it27.Icanneverforgettheday_weworkedtogetherandtheday_wespenttogether.A.when;whichB.which;whenC.what;thatD.onwhich;when28.Theway_helooksatproblemsiswr

32、ong.A.whichB.whoseC.whatD./29.Thisisthereason_hedidntcometothemeeting.A.inwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.forwhich30.Thismachine,_formanyyears,isstillworkingperfectly.A.afterwhichIhavelookedB.whichIhavelookedafterC.thatIhavelookedafterD.Ihavelookedafter31.Thereason_hedidntcomewas_hewasill.A.why;thatB.that;w

33、hyC.forthat;thatD.forwhich;what32.Heisworkinghard,_willmakehimpassthefinalexam.A.thatB.whichC.forwhichD.who33.Thatisnottheway_Idoit.考无忧论坛免费注册、无需点数考无忧论坛免费注册、无需点数A./B.whichC.forwhichD.withwhich34.Ihavetwogrammars,_areofgreatuse.A.allofwhichB.eitherofwhichC.bothofthatD.bothofwhich35.Iwanttousethesametools_usedinyourfactoryafewdaysago.A.aswasB.whichwasC.aswereD.which36.Myneighboursusedtogivemeahandintimeoftrouble,_wasverykindofthem.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.it37.Thisisthemagazine_Icopiedtheparagraph.A.thatB.whichC.fromthatD.fromwhich38.Heisnotsuchaman_wouldleavehisworkhalfdone.A.t