八年级英语上册知识点归纳

1、 八年级英语上册知识点归纳八班级英语上册学问点1 Im going to study computer science. 【重点词语/（短语）用法解析】 1.want to be/become + (职业)名词 :“想要成为.” I want to be (be) a scientistwhen I grow up. 2.write stories 写（故事） tell stories 讲故事 3.keep on doing sth. 连续做某事(表动作的反复) keeping doing sth. 保持做某事(表动作或状态的持续) 4. besure about +名/代/V-ing“确定”

2、 Are you sure about that? make sure (that)+从句“.确保.” Make sure that both doors are closed whenyou go out. 5.learn sth. We must learn English every day. learn to do sth. I amgoing to learn to play ( play) the piano. 6. discuss v. 争论;商议 名词是discussion discuss with sb. 与某人争论 : Discuss this question with

3、yourpartner. Letsdiscuss this problem. 让我们争论一下这个问题。 All we need now is action, not discussion. 我们现在需要的是行动，不是争论。 7. beable to do sth. 能够做某事 (1)can : can+动词原形，无人称和数的变化。只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时，不能用于将来时。 be able to + 动词原形，有人称和数的变化，可用于多种时态。 (2)can 常指客观上能够;be able to 更侧重于经过努力、克服肯定困难有力量做成某事。 He will be able to(能够)

4、speak English next year.(在此不能填can) 8.promise n. 承诺;诺言 v. 许诺;承诺;答应 make a promise(to sb) (对某人)许下诺言 keep a promise 遵守诺言 break a promise 违反诺言 promise (sb) to do sth. 许诺某人干某事 promise (sb) +that 从句 He promised to help me. 他许诺过要关心我。 I promised that I study hard from nowon. 我承诺从现在起努力学习。 9.have to do with 关

5、于;与有关系 The book has to do with computers. 那本书与计算机有关。 10. takeup sth./doing sth.(尤指为消遣)学着做;开头做 I am going to take up cooking next year. 明年我将要学煮饭。 11. Sometimesthe resolutions may be too difficult to keep. too+形容词/副词 to+动词原形，表示“太.而不能.”如： The kid is too young to play thisgame. 这个小孩太小，不能玩这个嬉戏。 12.onesow

6、n +名词 “某人自己的东西”， 强调某物为个人全部 my own book 我自己的书本 【重点语法】 一般将来时“am/is/are going to +动词原形”结构 1. 基本形式 否定式：am/is/are not going to +动词原形 一般疑问式：am/is/are +主语+ going to + 动词原形+其他? 特别疑问式：特别疑问词+一般疑问式? He is going to spend his holidays in London. 他准备在伦敦度假。 Look at the dark clouds. There is going tobe a storm. 看那乌

7、云，快要下雨了。 Is he going to collect any data forus? 他会帮我们收集数据吗? What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天你准备作什么? 2. 基本用法 (1)表示事先经过考虑、支配好准备、方案要做某事。 Dad and I are going to watch an opera thisafternoon. 今日下午我和爸爸准备去看歌剧。 (2)表示依据目前某种迹象推断，某事特别有可能发生，表示推想。 Look! There come the dark clouds. It isgoing to rain. 瞧!乌云密集

8、。天要下雨了。 八班级英语上册学问点2 Ifyou go to the party, youllhave a great time! 【重点词语/短语用法解析】 1. have agreat time 意为“玩得开心”，=enjoy oneself, have fun, have a good /wonderful / nice time have a great / good time in(doing) sth. 做某事很快乐 2. ask sb.(not)to do sth. 要求某人(不)做某事 The teachers ask us to do (do)lots of homewor

9、k. 3. order sth. from+地点“从某地订购食物” I want to order some books fromthe book store. 4. keepto oneself 保守隐秘 5. unless conj. 除非;假如不 unless 引导的条件句表示在特定条件下，才打算做或不做一件事。=if.not The concert will be held asschedule unless there is a typhoon.= The concert will be held as schedule ifthere is not a typhoon. 6. be

10、 afraidto do sth. 可怕干某事 Im afraid to speak in front ofother people. be afraid of sth. 可怕某事 He told me not to be afraid ofdifficulties. be afraid +that从句 Im afraid that I cant finish ontime 7. be angry withsb. We were angry with him forkeeping us waiting. be angry at/about sth. He is angry at/about y

11、our answer. I was very angry at what he said. 8. in the end 最终;最终= at last/ finally at the end of 在.末端;到.终点 He married the nice girl in theend/at last/finally. The school is at the end of thestreet. 9. careless adj. 马虎的;（反义词）：careful， 意为“当心的”。 The boy is very careless. 这个男孩很马虎。 He is more careful th

12、an me. 他比我仔细。 10. advise v.“劝说;建议”n. advice, 是不行数名词. Give me some advice! advise doing sth. 建议做某事。 advise sb.(not)to do sth. 建议某人(不)做某事 I advise waiting till the righttime. 我建议等到适当的时候。 I advise him not to sleep lateevery day. 我建议他不要每天睡懒觉。 11. Its best (not)to do sth. 最好(不)做某事 Its best to speak Engli

13、sh everyday. 12. run away from“ 从逃离” “躲避” 13. cut in half “切成两半” 八班级英语上册学问点3 Can you come to my party? 【重点词语/短语用法解析】 1. oneanother 表示不确定数目中的另一个 onetheother 表示两者中的另一个 I dont like this one, canyou show me another? I have two brothers. One is a lawyer andthe other is a manager. someothers表示没有范围限定的“一些.另

14、一些.” sometheothers 表示某一范围的“一些.其余的.” Some go to school by bike and others go toschool by bus. Some go to school by bike and the others goto school by bus. 2. invite v. 邀请 n. invitation invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人干某事” invite sb. to+地点名词 1) Mr. Green invited me to visit hisfactory last week. 2) Thanks a

15、 lot for your invitation 3) Thanks for inviting me to yourparty. 3.(1)Whats the date today? 意为“今日是几月几号?” Its +月+日。 (2)What day isit today? 意为“今日是星期几?”Its + 星期几。 Whats thedate? Its September 10th. What day is it today? Its Wednesday. 4.have a lesson(class) 上课 have an English lesson 5.prepare v. 预备 n.

16、 preparation prepare sth. “预备某物”，所预备的东西就是后面的宾语。 prepare for sth. “为做预备”，指为后面的宾语做预备 prepare to do sth. “预备做某事” 6. bring.to“带来”把某物从别的地方带到说话人的地方 taketo“带去”把某物从说话的地方带到别处去。(两者方向相反) Bring your homework here, and take the bookaway. 把你的作业拿过来，把这本书带走。 7.without(介词)没有 反义词：with“具有” We cantlive without water. Ja

17、ne is a beautiful girl with long hair. 8. sothat +从句： 以便于;目的是 I study hard so that I can get good grades. 9.surprise n. 惊异 surprised adj. 感到惊异的(指人) surprising adj. 令人惊异的(指物) be surprised at sth.“惊异于某事” to onessurprise “令某人惊异的是” Im surprisedat the surprising news. 我对这个令人惊异的消息感到很惊讶。 To my surprise, he

18、 left withoutleaving a word. 令我惊异的是，他一声不响地离开了。 10.look forward to (介词)+名/代/V-ing I look forward to your reply. 我期盼你的答复。 I look forward to seeing you again. 11.hear from sb. = get a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信。 I heard from my friends yesterday.=I got aletter from my friend yesterday. 12.the best way to

19、do sth. 做某事的最好方式 Exercising is the best way to keep healthy. 13.how to do that. “该怎么做”，疑问词+to do sth常用来做宾语 I dontknow how to make a banana milk shake. I dontknow what to do. 14.at the end of “在末尾” Now, it is at the end of 2022. 反义短语：at the beginning of “ 在开头” 15.be glad/happy/sad to do sth.“很兴奋/难受做某

20、事 I am glad to see you. 16.reply to sb./sth.“回复” Reply in writing to the invitation “以写信形式回复这份（邀请函）” 【重点语法】 一. 表示邀请的句型 1. Can/Could you(come to my party)? 2. Would you like to.( Would youlike to my party)? 接受：Sure/Yes/Of course, Id love/like to. 拒绝:： Im sorry, I cant. I have to/must+V原 (陈述理由 ) Id lo

21、ve/liketo, but I (理由) 3.Imafraid not. I(理由) 二. must与have to 1. must 表示主观“必需”;must 表示“主观上的要求”，无人称和时态的变化，否定回答: neednt 或 dont have to (不必)。mustnt 表示“禁止”. 2. have to表客观需要，有人称和时态变化，否: dont / doesnt /didnt have to (没必要) Must I be home before eight oclock? 8点之前我必需回家吗? Yes, you must. / No, you neednt. / No,

22、you dont have to. 八班级英语上册学问点4 Howdo you make a banana milk shake? 【重点词语/短语用法解析】 1.cut是“切, 割”的意思，过去式为cut。 cut up 意为“切碎” Cut up the bananas. = Cut the bananas up. Cut it /them up. 2.turn on 打开, 接通(电流、煤气、水等) turn off 关掉,截断(电流、煤气、水等) turn up 开大,调高(音量、热量等) turn down 调低,关小(音量、热量等) 3.one more thing 另外一件事情

23、another ten minutes 再多非常钟 数字+ more + 物品 指“另外的 another + 数字 +物品 指“另外的 当数字为one时，常与more连用或只用 another。 Give me two more hamburgers? another two hamburgers 4. forgetto do sth. 遗忘(去)做某事 forgetdoing sth. 遗忘已做过某事。 5. Its a time (for sb). to do sth. 该是(某人)做某事的时期了 Itstime (for sb.)to dosth. =Its time for sth.

24、 该是(某人)做某事的时间了。 Itsa time for you to study English. Itstime for us to go to school.(Its time for school.) 6.give thanks for +名/代V-ing “感恩.” We should give thanks for our parents. He gave thanks for life and food. 7.Most Americans still celebrate this ideas of giving thanks by having a bigmeal. by+st

25、h./doing : 1)以.方式 I study English by listening toEnglish songs. 2)在.的旁边 I am sitting by the pool. 3)在.之前 I have to go to school by 8:00. 4)搭乘 I go to school by bus. 8.Here is +名单(宾语) “这是” 是倒装句 Here is a photo of my family. Here are+名复 Here are some English books. 当宾语是代词时，要用顺装。如：Here you are.(对) Here

26、 are you.(错) 9.fill sth. with sth. 用.把.装满 (强调动作) be full of“装满”(强调状态) I filled the cup with themilk. The cup is full of the milk. 10.putin(into)把.放到. 里 11.coverwith用.掩盖 12.cut into把.切成. Cut the apple into four pieces. cutup 切碎 13.serve v. 服务 n. service serve +名/代“供应” The shop serves nice food. serve

27、 sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb. Serve it to your friends with some vegetables. serve sb. with sth. “用某物款待某人” Serve the guests with some tea. 【重点语法】 名词：名词是表示人、事物、地方、现象及（其它）抽象概念名称的词。 一、名词分为专出名词和一般名词。 专出名词是表示详细的人、事物、地点、或机构等的专出名称。 如：Guangzhou，Mike，UNESCO等。 专出名词一般状况下第一个字母要大写。 一般名词是表示一类人、事物或抽象概念的名称。 如：polic

28、e，eggs，rice等。 二、一般名词又可分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。 个体名词：表示某一类人或某一类东西中的个体。 如：monkey，panda，ruler，boy等。 集体名词：表示一群人或一类事物的总称。 如：family，police，class，people等。 物质名词：表示无法分为个体或不具备确定外形和大小的实物。 如：Water，air，milk等。 抽象名词：表示抽象概念词。 如：hope，love，spirit。 英语的名词有可数名词和不行数名词两种。 一般来说，个体名词和集体名词多为可数名词，物质名词和抽象名词多为不行数名词。 三、名词单数变复数的规章（

29、总结） 1. 规章变化 (1)一般在名词词尾加-s， mapmaps地图 birdbirds鸟 orangeoranges 桔子 bikebikes自行车 (2)以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词加-es boxboxes盒子 classclasses班级 watchwatches手表 dish-dishes盘，碟子，餐具 (3)以o结尾的无生命的名词后面加-s photophotos相片 radioradios收音机 zoozoos动物园 以o结尾的有生命的名词后面加-es tomatotomatoes西红柿 potatopotatoes土豆 heroheroes英雄 negronegro

30、es黑人 (4)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加-es babybabies婴儿 familyfamilies家庭 以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接加-s boyboys男孩 toytoys 玩具 (5)以fe或f结尾的名词，把fe或f变为v加”-es “ knifeknives小刀 wifewives妻子 leafleaves树叶。 2. 不规章变化 (1)childchildren footfeet toothteeth mousemice manmen womanwomen 留意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。 如：an English

31、man，two Englishmen。 但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans。 Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。 (2)单复同形的名词 如：deer鹿，sheep绵羊，fish鱼， Chinese中国人，Japanese日本人 li里，jin斤，yuan元 留意：除人民币元、角、格外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如: a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters (3)集体名词，以单数形式消失，但实为复数。 如：people人， police警察，cattle牛等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，apolice

32、，a cattle. 但可以说 a person，a policeman，a head of cattle theEnglish，the British，theFrench，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。 如：The Chinese are hard-working and brave. 中国人民是勤劳英勇的。 3. 以s结尾，仍为单数的名词 (1)maths数学，politics政治(学)，physics物理学等学科名词，为不行数名词，是单数。 (2)news消息、新闻是不行数名词。 (3)the United Sta

33、tes美国，the United Nations联合国应视为单数。 The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。 (4)以复数形式消失的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也视为单数。 The Arabian Nights is a very interesting story-book. 一千零一夜是一本特别好玩的故事书。 4. 留意两点 (1)表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses (眼镜) trousers, clothes 若表达详细数目，要借助数量词 pair(对，双); suit(套);a pair of glasse

34、s; two pairs of trousers (2)还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特殊意思，如：goods货物，waters水域，fishes(各种)鱼 四、不行数名词 不行数名词意味着这些名词只能是单数，没有复数形式，不能与数目字如one, two等连用，也不能加不定冠词a(n)。 不行数名词没有单数、复数之分，但我们在生活中有时候又必需给这些词计量，我们于是采纳这种（方法）：a+表示这些东西的单位+of+不行数名词， 如：acup of tea，a box of milk，apiece of paper等。 假如为了表示多个的概念，我们就将表示这些东西的单位变成复数即可。 如：ac

35、up of tea3 cups of tea，a box of milk12 boxes ofmilk，A piece of paper100 pieces of paper 【留意】 a. 当物质名词转化为个体名词时为可数。例如： Cakeis a kind of food.（蛋糕）是一种食物(不行数) Thesecakes are sweet.这些蛋糕很好吃。(可数) b. 当物质名词表示该物质的种类时，可数。例如： Thisfactory produces steel.这个工厂生产钢材。(不行数) Weneed various steels.我们需要各种各样的钢材。(可数) c. 当物质

36、名词表示份数时，可数。例如： Our country is famous for tea. 我国因茶叶而著名。 Twoteas, please. 请来两杯茶。 d. 抽象名词表示详细的事例时也可数。例如： fourfreedoms 四大自由 thefour modernizations 四个现代化 八班级英语上册学问点5 Will people have robots? 【重点词语/短语用法解析】 1.many+可数名词 很多 much+不行数名词 很多 2.live to be+基数词 + years old“活到.岁” 3. bein great danger 处在极大的危急中 4.pla

37、y a part in +名/代/V-ing. 参加某事/做某事 Everyone should play a part in saving theearth. 5.help (sb.) with sth. 关心(某人)做某事 He often helps me with my English. help sb. (to) do sth. 关心(某人)做 He often helps me study English. help oneself ( to ) 自用(食物等) Help yourself to the fish. 请任凭吃鱼 6.the same as 和一样 反义短语：be d

38、ifferent from 7. It takes/took/will take sb. some time to do sth. 某人花了时间做某事(时态依据详细状况打算) It takes me an hour to get to my office. spend time/moneyon sth. 在上花费时间(金钱) sb. spend time/money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。 I spent two hours on this math problem. 这道数学题花了我个小时。 They spent two years building thi

39、s bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。 8.hundreds of + 名词复数 很多/大量 数词+hundred + 名词复数 几百 类似的数词还有thousand(千) , million(万) There are four hundred students in ourgrade. There are hundreds of tourists in Beijingevery year. 9.during 在期间 during the vacation/the daytime/the weekend 10.the meaning of 的意思 Can you tell me the meaning of the words? 【重点语法】 一般将来时 一、一般将来时的含义 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或状态，或将来常常发生的动作或状态。 二、一般将来时的基本结构 1. will/shall+动词原形 will 在陈述句中用于各种人称;shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。 否定式：will not=wont;shall not=shant 一般疑问式：will/shall+主语+动