从语言的系统性看大学英语教学课件

1、从语言的系统性看大学英语教学南京大学 王海啸2013 西安目 录从语言知识与技能到语言交际能力语言技能的内涵外语能力发展研究对外语教学与测试的启示从语言知识与技能到语言交际能力语言技能的内涵外语能力发展研究对外语教学与测试的启示语言维度语音、语调、词法、句法 技能维度听、说、读、写基于知识与技能的语言能力界定Carroll关于“语言能力”Bachman的 “语言交际能力” 知识结构关于世界的知识语言能力关于语言的知识策略能力心理生理运动机制语境语言交际能力的界定从语言知识与技能到语言交际能力语言技能的内涵外语能力发展研究对外语教学与测试的启示听的能力Phonetic and phonologi

2、cal perceptionVocabulary and Morphological perceptionSyntactic perceptionDiscourse and style/register perception作为接受性技能说的能力Phonetic and phonological productionVocabulary and Morphological productionSyntactic productionDiscourse and style/register production作为产出性技能读的能力Graphemic perceptionVocabulary a

3、nd Morphological perceptionSyntactic perceptionDiscourse and style/register perception作为接受性技能写的能力Graphemic productionVocabulary and Morphological productionSyntactic productionDiscourse and style/register production作为产出性技能写的能力Traditional conceptions of writing expertise are based on the view that go

4、od writing is good writing, regardless of audience, purpose or context. This reflects the notion of autonomous texts, , that suggests a text can mean the same thing to all people because all the assumptions needed to understand it are fully explicit and recoverable from its pages. Writing expertise

5、here is the ability to adhere to style-guide prescriptions concerning grammar, arrangement and punctuation.Hyland, 2005:59作为产出性技能输入输出接受性技能产出性技能从交际能力的角度看：听的能力To improve listening at the receiving stageTo improve listening at the interpreting stageTo improve listening at the recalling stageTo improve

6、listening at the evaluating stageTo improve listening at the responding stageCommunication in the Real World: An Introduction to Communication Studies从交际能力的角度看听的能力Form and content of input shaped by outputSelection of input determined by output task从交际能力的角度看说的能力A further complicating factor is that

7、when the spoken language is the focus of classroom activity there are often other aims which the teacher might have: for instance, helping the student to gain awareness of or to practice some aspect of linguistic knowledge , or to develop production skills , or to raise awareness of some socio-lingu

8、istic or pragmatic point .Hughes, 2005:6从交际能力的角度看读的能力Purposes for readingReading to search for simple informationReading to skim quicklyReading to learn from textsReading to integrate informationReading to write (or search for information needed for writing)Reading to critique textsReading for gener

9、al comprehensionGrabe & Stoller, 2005:13从交际能力的角度看读的能力Reading comprehension is an extraordinary feat of balancing and coordinating many abilities in a very complex and rapid set of routines that makes comprehension a seemingly effortless and enjoyable activity for fluent readers.Grabe & Stoller, 2005

10、:29从交际能力的角度看写的能力Writing as a cognitive process, as is suggested by Flower and Hayes (1981) model thatwriters have goalsthey plan extensivelyall work can be reviewed, evaluated and revised, planning, drafting, revising and editing are recursive, interactive and potentially simultaneousplans and text

11、are constantly evaluated in a feedback loopCited in Hyland, 2005:25从交际能力的角度看写的能力Writing as a situated act this perspective gives greater emphasis to the actual performance of writing in a particular context. Writing is seen as a social act that can only occur within a specific situation. It is there

12、fore influenced both by the personal attitudes and social experiences that the writer brings to the writing and the impact of particular political and institutional contexts in which it takes place.Hyland, 2005:30从交际能力的角度看从语言知识与技能到语言交际能力语言技能的内涵外语能力发展研究对外语教学与测试的启示外语能力发展研究语言能力是通过语言使用发展的语言技能使用的综合性语言使用的

13、目的性语言使用的情感因素从中观上看从宏观上看：一个关于中介语的比喻外语能力发展研究从语言知识与技能到语言交际能力语言技能的内涵外语能力发展研究对外语教学与测试的启示应用性，创造性整体性，综合性、过程的非线性智力因素、情感因素以学习者为中心，个体性学习者、教师、学习内容的互动Problem, Participation, Progress语言的系统性要求英语教学的对外语教学与测试的启示对外语教学与测试的启示综合技能培养教学目标课型设置综合课、单项技能课教学设计Task-based, project-based, content-based对外语教学与测试的启示语言与非语言目的的平衡语言使用的意义性英语教学与大学教育对外语教学与测试的启示From the MOE of Sing