2021-2022学年山西省运城市盐湖区高三适应性调研考试英语试题含解析

1、2021-2022高考英语模拟试卷注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角条形码粘贴处。2作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试题卷上。3非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡

2、一并交回。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1_ to her own work，she spent little time with her familyADevoting BTo be devotedCDevoted DHaving devoted2 “Drive-ins” have large parking lots _ customers are served in their cars by waitresses.AwhoBwhenCwhichDwhere3Are we about to having dinner?Yes, it _ in the dining

3、room.Aserve Bis servingCis being served Dhas been serving440 grams of meat per day is _ people should consume in order to stay fit.Athat BwhyChow Dwhat5The new supermarket has announced that the first to purchase goods on the opening day _ get a big prize.AmustBcouldCwouldDshall6It was reported that

4、 as many as 50% of patients do not take medicine _ directed, _ has drawn doctors attention.Awhen; itBas; whatCas; whichDthat; and7_ two hours daily has made considerable difference to my physical condition.ATo walk BWalkingCWalked DHaving walked8-May I help you？You seem to be having some trouble.-_，

5、thanks. I think I can manage.ANo problemBIts all rightCokDNo way9When the old man woke up, he found someone his TV in the living room.AstoleBstealCstealingDstolen10What do you think of your preparations for the final exams?Not so good. Actually I feel like _ for Ive made little progress in Maths.ADa

6、niel in the lions denBAchilles heelCa good SamaritanDa sacred cow11Maybe he really should do more exercises from now on. _, I hope he could get over soon.ASomehowBSomewhatCAnywayDAnywhere12_ the efforts made by the police, a fantastic performance will be put on tomorrow.AIn place of BIn search ofCIn

7、 charge of DIn praise of13Sales director is a position _ communication ability is just as important as sale skills.AwhichBthatCwhenDwhere14Our bedrooms are all on the sixth floor, with its own bathroom.AallBeveryCeitherDeach15Steve, the vacation is coming soonHave you found a summer job yet？I suppos

8、e I can work at the boys camp _ I worked last summerAthatBwhereCwhichDwhat16Is Peter coming?No, he_ his mind after a phone call at the last minute.AchangesBchangedCwas changingDhad changed17A study suggests reducing energy demand in the future may _ urban areas.Thats true. Cities need more energy th

9、an small towns or other rural areas.Acatch on Bact onChang on Dcenter on18It is going to rain today. Take an umbrella with you to _ you from the rain.AstopBpreventCkeepDprotect19Hi, Tom, have you checked the account yet?Certainly, I _ it five times even though you told me to do it twice.Achecked Bwi

10、ll have checkedChave been checking Dhad checked20Nicholas was very kind, merciful and generous. This is _ Father Christmas is based on.AwhereBhowCwhatDwhy第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分） My college experience included this life-skill lesson: Drink alcohol on a full stomach. Or

11、 you will get inebriated too quickly. Of course, most college students shouldnt be drinking at all, but we know from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism that close to 60 percent of college students aged 18 to 22 do consume alcohol, which makes harm-reducing approaches important.Un

12、fortunately, campus authorities and researchers are reporting a practice that turns the full-stomach drinking strategy on its head: rather than filling up before a night of partying, significant numbers of students refuse to eat all day before consuming alcohol.This is a high-risk behavior called “d

13、runkorexia,” which is one part eating disorder, one part alcoholisma very dangerous combination for college-age students. The term drunkorexia, which can also include excessive exercise or purging before consuming alcohol, was coined about 10 years ago, and it started showing up in medical research

14、around 2012. Drunkorexia addresses the need to be the life of the party while staying extremely thin, pointing to a flawed mind-set about body image and alcoholism among college students, mostly women.Imagine this scenario: A female college freshman doesnt eat anything all day, exercises on an empty

15、 stomach, then downs five shots of tequila in less than two hours. Because theres no food in her system to help slow the absorption of alcohol, those shots affect her rapidly, leading to inebriation and possibly passing out, vomiting or suffering alcohol poisoning. Thats drunkorexia.Tavis Glassman,

16、professor of health education and public health at the University of Toledo in Ohio, researches drunkorexia and worries about scenarios such as the one described above: “With nothing in her system, alcohol hits quickly, and that brings up the same issues as with any high-risk drinking: getting home

17、safely, sexual assault, unintentional injury, fights, hangovers that affect class attendance and grades, and possibly ending up in emergency because the alcohol hits so hard,” he says.“Alcohol can negatively affect the liver or gastrointestinal system, it can interfere with sleep, lower the immune s

18、ystem and is linked to several types of cancers,” Hultin says.1、What does the underlined word “inebriated” in paragraph 1 mean?AexcitedBoverwhelmedCaddictedDdrunk2、We can infer from the passage that _.Aa large number of college students spend most of their nights partyingBsome college students refus

19、e to eat before drinking alcohol to keep slimCThere is a direct link between body image and consuming alcoholDfemale college student is more likely to be hurt if she drinks alcohol3、Which of the following may Tavis Glassman agree with?AWith more food in ones system, he may suffer from the effects of

20、 alcohol slowly.BDrinking five shots of tequila in less than two hours is the performance of drunkorexia.CThose who dont attend classes and have lower grades tend to be addicted to alcohol.DAlcohol has negative effects on the immune system and may lead to several cancers.22（8分） Poetry is the artisti

21、c expression of the human thoughts and feelings in rhythmical and emotional language. Compared with prose (散文) , it lays more stress on rhythm, imagery (意象), emotion, and imagination. As its language is rhythmical, its sound is highly musical. We may say, “No rhythm, no poetry”, no matter the rhythm

22、 of poetry is traditional as in metrical (格律的) style or “natural” as in free verse.So the poet must write carefully and reflectively in order to find words that not only fulfills the demands of meter and rhyme, but also expresses the meaning in a manner that complements the imagery and tone of the r

23、est of the poem. This careful use of language is the most significant difference between ordinary prose and poetry.The ordinary prose writer neatly builds an argument using words the way a mason (石匠) builds a house using bricks; the poet is an artisan who creates a fieldstone hearth (大卵石壁炉炉床) each s

24、tone or each word is turned over, examined, and often laid aside until it can be placed where its shape, weight, and color will contribute to the strength and beauty of the whole. Prose, according to Samuel Taylor Coleridge, is “words in their best order”, and poetry is “the best words in their best

25、 order”.The readers chief delight in reading poetry comes from his response to its musical effect, which comes from many metrical patterns represented in conventional iambic (抑扬格) feet or from repetitions and parallel phrasing shown in free verse and from other elements of poetry.1、Whats the purpose

26、 of saying “No rhythm, no poetry” in paragraph 1?ATo show the importance of rhythm in poetry.BTo show rhythm is the most important element.CTo show there is no limit on the use of rhythm.DTo show rhythm is more important than poetry.2、What is the most important difference between ordinary prose and

27、poetry?AThe degree of emotion.BThe careful choice of words.CThe delicate use of the metric style.DThe demands of meter and rhyme.3、Where is the readers main joy in reading poetry?AThe experience of the poets emotion.BThe appreciation of the metrical pattern.CThe readers reaction to the musical effec

28、t.DThe comprehension of the thoughts and feelings.4、How is the text mainly developed?ABy definition.BBy examples.CBy quotation.DBy comparison.23（8分） Vehicles often come into conflict with other vehicles and pedestrians when their intended courses of travel intersect (交叉), and end up being in each ot

29、her，s way. The general principle that establishes who has the right to go first is called “right of way”, or “priority”. It determines who has the right to use the conflicting part of the road and who has to wait. Signs, signals, markings and other features are often used to make priority clear.A dr

30、iver must yield (让) the right of way to other drivers: When approaching a YIELD sign. Slow down or stop to avoid a crash. Even after the light turns green when there are vehicles in the intersection. When approaching emergency vehicles using sounding or flashing sirens. After coming to a complete st

31、op at an intersection where there is a stop sign or a flashing red signal. If there is no stop line, stop before the crosswalk. When making a left turn on a red light after a stop from a one-way street to another one-way street with traffic moving to the left. (See Figure A) When two vehicles on dif

32、ferent roadways arrive at a four-way stop intersection at the same time, the vehicle should yield to the vehicle on its right. (See Figure B) When coming out of an alley, building, private road or driveway after coming to a complete stop. (See Figure C) When crossing traffic at the end of a “T” road

33、 with no traffic control signs or signals. (See Figure D)1、Whats the purpose of the text?ATo explain the law of right of way.BTo illustrate traffic signs and signals.CTo inform drivers of general traffic rules.DTo introduce traffic rules to pedestrians.2、Which is the right behavior according to the

34、text?ADrive on once the light turns green.BKeep driving if there is no stop line.CYield to emergency vehicles at any time.DSlow down when approaching a YIELD sign.3、Which of the following description is TRUE according to the figures?AFigure A: B should yield to ABFigure B: A should yield to BCFigure

35、 C: A should yield to BDFigure D: A should yield to B24（8分）Have you ever run into a careless cell phone user on the street? Perhaps they were busy talking, texting or checking updates on WeChat without looking at what was going on around them. As the number of this new “species” of human has kept ri

36、sing, they have been given a new name phubbers（低头族）.Recently, a cartoon created by students from China Central Academy of Fine Arts put this group of people under the spotlight. In the short film, phubbers with various social identities(身份) bury themselves in their phones. A doctor plays with his ce

37、ll phone while letting his patient die, a pretty woman takes selfie in front of a car accident site, and a father loses his child without knowing about it while using his mobile phone. A chain of similar events eventually leads to the destruction of the world.Although the ending sounds overstated, t

38、he damage phubbing can bring is real.Your health is the first to bear the effect and result of it. “Constantly bending your head to check your cell phone could damage your neck,” Guangming Daily quoted doctors as saying. “the neck is like a rope that breaks after long-term stretching.” Also, staring

39、 at cell phones for long periods of time will damage your eyesight gradually, according to the report.But thats not all. Being a phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family. At reunions with family or friends, many people tend to stick to their cell p

40、hones while others are chatting happily with each other and this creates a strange atmosphere, Qilu Evening News reported.It can also cost you your life. There have been lots of reports on phubbers who fell to their death, suffered accidents, and were robbed of their cell phones in broad daylight.1、

41、For what purpose does the author give the example of a cartoon in Paragragh2?ATo inform people of the bad effects of phubbing.BTo advertise the cartoon made by students.CTo indicate the world will finally be destroyed by phubbers.DTo warn doctors against using cell phones while treating patients.2、W

42、hich of the following is NOT a risk a phubber may have?AHis social skills could be affected.BHis neck and eyesight will be gradually harmed.CHe will cause the destruction of the world.DHe might get separated from his friends and family.3、Which of the following may be the authors attitude towards phu

43、bbing?ASupportive. BOpposed.COptimistic. DObjective.4、What may the passage talk about next?AAdvice on how to use a cell phone. BPeople addicted to phubbing.CMeasures to reduce the risks of phubbing. DConsequences of phubbing.25（10分） A dove rested on a telephone wire. Ready for takeoff, it raises its

44、 wings, springs into the air and flaps away. This series of actions is so common that you probably do not pay it much attention. But University of Manchester bioinechanical engineer Ben Parslew does. He is trying to design robots that can jump like birds.Most conventional robots roll around on wheel

45、s, limiting mobility. There is a need for more agile robots that can jump over obstacles in messy environments, Parslew says. To design such a machine, he turned to nature: Birds are really good jumpers, he notes.The trouble is, when birds start to take off, they lean so far forward that they should

46、 tip over and fall onto their beaks(喙). Yet that does not happen. Parslew and his team used computer modeling to discover how birds avoid this fate. They discovered that birds twist their bodies slightly towards the back while accelerating into a jump. They also have flexible legs and toe joints, wh

47、ich prevent them from taking off briefly and immediately crashing into the ground. The result were published last October in Royal Society Open Science.Parslew thinks engineers can use this information to design robots that can not only jump well but also launch into flight more. efficiently. Univer

48、sity of Southern California biomechanist Michael Habib, who was not involved in the study, says springs and levers(杠杆)enable more rapid acceleration-than wheels do. And many animals are masters of springs and levers.“If you can understand how that works,”Habib adds, “you can build a robot thats good

49、 at running around and good at flying, and it will also be good at taking off suddenly in all kinds of conditions and landing on a dime.”Parslew is now designing such a robot, as an alternative to wheeled rovers for exploring other planets.1、What is right about the dove mentioned in Paragraph 1?AIt

50、takes off very beautifully.BIt catches everyones attention.CIt gives Ben Parslew inspiration.DIt raises Ben Parslews curiosity.2、What can we-infer about the traditional robots?AThey cant jump over barriers.BThey can only move in one direction.CThey cant detect barriers before them.DThey cant adapt t

51、o complex environments.3、How does a bird avoid falling when taking off?ABy getting rid of gravity.BBy flapping its wings hard.CBy spinning its body backward.DBy jumping into the air quickly.4、What is the main idea of the text?ABirds provide inspiration. for humans.BNew robots that can jump have been

52、 created.CThe development of robots benefits space exploreDStudying birds jumping helps scientist build better robots.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）When William, a 10-year-old boy planned to learn the piano, the music teacher was reluctant （不愿意）t

53、o accept him. She 1 her students to start their music lessons at a young age when their 2 were able to move quickly and easily.“William, why do you want to learn the piano?” the teacher asked.“I want to play for my mother.”She noticed the 3 and accepted William as her student. But at each music less

54、on, William appeared to be in a hurry and played 4 “My mother is waiting outside for me,” he would tell the teacher. She was tempted to advise William not to 5 his time with lessons anymore as he 6 hit the right notes. 7 there was something about William - she was fascinated with the tender look in

55、his eyes 8 he mentioned “Mother”.Suddenly, William stopped coming for his lessons. At the end of the semester year, the music teacher decided to 9 独奏会) for her students and she asked them to participate.She was 10 to find Williams application to contribute a musical piece. She would place him last i

56、n the recital 11 he made mistakes.The day came and William appeared. 12 it was his turn to play, William bowed before the audience and said he was thankful for the music teachers 13 with him. “Tonight I am dedicating (献)my music to my mother.” he said.Everyone later asked why William did not bring h

57、is mother as she would 14 be proud. William replied, “My mother was 15 and she could never 16 me play during her life time. 17 she sacrificed her time and money to let me learn the piano. This morning Mother passed away. I am sure she is now 18 as she can hear my piano recital. I chose a piece of pi

58、ano music by Beethoven. As you all know, Beethoven was deaf by the end of his career. But music always symbolized his 19 for freedom and I would like to dedicate it to Mother.”1、.AhopedBpersuadedCallowedDpreferred2、.AfingersBbrainsCeyesDarms3、.AsurpriseBjoysCtearsDdisappointment4、.Aput him downBturn

59、 him downCput him offDturn him off5、.AbadlyBnicelyCcarefullyDpatiently6、.ApassBtakeCkillDwaste7、.AeverBneverCevenDalways8、.AInsteadBThereforeCThenDBut9、.Aat one timeBfrom time to timeCeach timeDthe first time10、.AsupportBtakeCintendDorganize11、.AdelightedBsurprisedCcuriousDangry12、.Aas far asBif onl

60、yCin caseDnow that13、.AUntilBSinceCWhileDWhen14、.ApatienceBadviceCguideDconcern15、.AsurelyBgraduallyCfinallyDquickly16、.AblindBdeafCillDwounded17、.AwatchBappreciateCteachDhear18、.ABesidesBThenCYetDOtherwise19、.AhappyBrelaxedCfreeDsad20、.AeffortBstruggleCbeliefDchallenge第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填