高一英语ALessoninaLab课件

1、Module 5 A Lesson in a LabGrammar倍数表达法与形容词/副词比较级【探究寻规】根据句后的提示, 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。The earth is forty-nine times _ (large) than the moon. (倍数表达法)Its getting _ and _ (bright)! (比较级+and+比较级)_(close) you are, _(much) youll see. (the +比较级+主语+谓语, the +比较级+主语+谓语)Itll be a lot _ (heavy) than magnesium. (比较级+tha

2、n)largerbrighterbrighterThe closerthe moreheavier【语法精点】 一、基础点拨 1. 比较级的基本用法。 主要用于两者比较, 主要包括原级比较和比较级。 (1)原级比较：表示两者程度相同。用句型as+形容词/副词+as表示; 否定形式为：not(否定词) as/so+形容词/副词+as。例如： Cast iron is almost as useful as steel. 铸铁差不多与钢一样有用。(as+形容词+as) She has not been quite so unlucky as she pretends. 她还没有像她装出的那样不幸。

3、(否定词+as/so+形容词+as) He has learned as many English words as his brother (has). 他已学了和他哥哥一样多的英语单词。(as many/much + 名词 + as) He is as kind a person as his father. 他和他爸爸一样都是善良的人。(as +形容词+ a/an +单数名词+as) (2)比较级。“形容词/副词比较级+than”表示“比更”。例如： They worked even harder than they promised. 他们工作得比他们允诺的还要卖力。 This str

4、eet is narrower than that one. 这条街比那条街窄。【名师点津】(1)使用比较等级要注意合乎逻辑。例如：我的电脑比她的贵。误：My computer is more expensive than her. 正：My computer is more expensive than hers. 分析：从逻辑上说, 应该是my computer 与 her computer 作比较, 而不是my computer 与her 比较。句中的hers=her computer。上海的人口比北京的人口要多。误：The population of Shanghai is large

5、r than Beijing. 正：The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. 分析：从逻辑上说, 应该是上海人口和北京人口作比较, 而不是上海人口和北京这座城市比较。population为不可数名词, 故可用that替代。(2)双方比较表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时, 可在比较级前加上副词修饰语。常见的有：even, still, rather, any(疑问句、否定句或条件状语从句), no, far, a little, a bit, a lot, a great deal 等。例如：She felt a gre

6、at deal more comfortable. 她感觉舒服多了。He works hard, but his wife works still harder/harder still. 他工作努力, 但他的妻子工作更努力。 2. 倍数表达法。规则说明例句倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+asAsia is four times as large as Europe. 亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。倍数+形容词/副词比较级+thanOur school is twice bigger than yours. 我们学校是你们学校的两倍大。倍数+the+名词(size, height, length, wid

7、th, etc. )+ofThe new building is three times the height of the old one. 这座新楼是那座旧楼的三倍高。倍数+as much/many +名词+asHe has got three times as many books as his sister. 他拥有的书的数量是他妹妹的三倍。 【名师点津】两倍要用twice, 不能用two times; 三倍及三倍以上才用three (. . . ) times。 3. 比较级中的特殊结构。 (1)比较级+and+比较级“越来越” When winter is coming, it g

8、ets colder and colder. 冬天来了, 天越来越冷了。 My hometown is getting more and more beautiful. 我的家乡正变得越来越美丽。 He became less and less satisfied with the football teams performance. 他对足球队的表现越来越不满意了。 (2)The+比较级(+主语+谓语), the+比较级(+主语+谓语)“越越” The busier he is, the happier he feels. 他越忙就越高兴。 The sooner, the better.

9、越快越好。 (3)the+比较级+of the two“两个中比较的” This watch is the cheaper of the two. 这块手表是两块中比较便宜的。 The younger of the two is my cousin. 两人中较年轻的那个是我表弟。 二、难点突破 1. 用比较级形式表达最高级含义的几种情况。 (1)否定词(not, no, never等)在比较句型中使用时, 表示最高级含义。 I have never heard a more interesting story. 我从来没有听过比这更有趣的故事。 I cant agree with you mo

10、re. 我再同意你不过了(我非常同意你)。 No other building is as grand as the new hotel. 新建的旅馆是最豪华的。 (2)在比较状语中用any, other, else等词时, 比较级形式表示最高级含义。 Tom cared more for money than for anything else. 汤姆最喜欢钱。 Li Ming is much cleverer than any other student in their class. 李明是他们班里最聪明的学生。(李明属于他们班) China is larger than any cou

11、ntry in Africa. 中国比非洲的任何国家都大。(中国不属于非洲) 2. “no+比较级+than”与“not +比较级+than”。no+比较级+than“和一样不”表示对两个比较对象都进行否定 (可由neither. . . nor. . . 结构来改写)not +比较级+than表示在程度上前者不如后者(相当于not so/as. . . as. . . ) Im no more foolish than you. 我们俩都不傻。(相当于Neither I nor you are foolish. ) This book is not more interesting than

12、 that one. 这本书不如那本书有趣。(相当于This book is less interesting than that one. 或This book is not so interesting as that one. )【高考体验】1. (2012全国卷) The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so much _. A. the best B. best C. better D. the better解题关键：由but可知, 赢比输好, 故用the better。思路分析：选D。句意：结果对

13、我们并不十分重要, 但假如我们真赢了, (那)就更好了。此处是赢了怎么样和输了怎么样的比较, 两种情况比较, 不能用最高级, 故要在C、D两项间选择。so much the better是英语中的一个固定表达形式, 大多是与if从句一起出现, 可以在口语中使用, 也可以在书面语中使用, 表示“那就更好了”。2. (2012北京高考)Many people have donated that type of blood; however, the blood bank needs _. A. some B. less C. much D. more解题关键：前后句之间为转折关系。思路分析：选D。

14、句意：许多人捐献了那种血型的血; 但是, 血库需要更多(那样的血)。however之后的内容应与前面的many呼应, 要么表示所需血量较少, 要么表示需要更多的这种血液, 即much的比较级more, 故只有D项符合句意。3. (4. (5. (6. (易错误区:倍数表达法中一定要把倍数放在前面, 然后再出现连词as及形容词等。本题A项看似正确, 但倍数和as的位置颠倒。7. (解题关键：由than可知本题考查的是形容词的比较级及其修饰语。思路分析：选A。句意：我得说, 这部电影一点都没趣。为什么? 这可比我看过的电影有趣多了。程度副词可修饰形容词比较级, 放于比较级前。根据应答者用“Why?

15、 ”进行反问, 可知选A。8. (2009四川高考) My uncles house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours, but it is twice _ expensive. A. as B. so C. too D. very思路分析：选A。该题采用了“倍数+as+adj. /adv. +as”这一结构, 后面省略了成分, 所以答案为A项。 . 单项填空1. (2013延安高一检测)Youd better go there by train. The train ticket is _ the airplane ticket.

16、A. as cheap three times asB. as three times cheap asC. three times cheaper thanD. cheaper three times than【解析】选C。考查倍数表达法。句意：你最好乘火车去那里。火车票比飞机票便宜两倍。常用的倍数表达法的三种形式中均应把倍数置于最前面, 故选C。2. (2013徐州高一检测)What I want to know is how to do the job better with _ time and _ people. A. less; less B. fewer; fewerC. few

17、er; less D. less; fewer【解析】选D。句意：我想知道的是如何用更少的时间和更少的人来把这项工作做得更好。本题的关键词是better, 故下面两个空也应填比较级形式。time为不可数名词, 故应用little修饰, 而little的比较级为less; people为可数名词, 故应用few的比较级修饰, 故选D。3. (2013郴州高一检测)Alan is a careful driver, but he drives _ of my friends. A. more carefully B. the most carefully C. less carefully D.

18、the least carefully【解析】选D。句意：Alan是一位谨慎的司机, 但是他是我的朋友中开车最粗心的了。由于Alan是我的朋友中的一员, 故用carefully的最高级形式。4. (2013郴州高一检测)The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than _ in the newspaper. A. it B. those C. one D. that【解析】选D。句意：网上的信息比报纸上的信息传播得快得多。根据句意, 前后比较的内容是“information”, 各选项指代不同的内容, A项it

19、指代同类同物, B、C、D三项所指代的是同类不同物, (即those指代名词复数, one指代a/an+单数可数名词, 而that指代不可数名词或the+单数可数名词。)因为information是不可数名词, 故B、C两项排除, 因此选D。5. China is larger than _ in population in Asia. A. any country B. any other countryC. any other countries D. other country【解析】选B。句意：中国人口比亚洲的任何一个国家的人口都要多。此处是比较级表示最高级的用法, 该句型结构：形容词

20、或副词的比较级+than+any other+单数可数名词, 故选B。6. Do you need any help, Lucy? Yes, the job is _ I could do myself. A. less than B. more thanC. no more than D. not more than【解析】选B。句意：露西, 你需要帮助吗? 是的, 我自己做不了这份工作。做此题要抓的关键词是Yes, 由于答话者对问话者的“你需要帮助吗? ”作了肯定回答, 说明答话者独自完成工作有困难, 故填more than, 即“超出”之意。7. Of the two coats, Id

21、 choose the _ one to spare some money for a book. A. cheapest B. cheaperC. more expensive D. most expensive【解析】选B。句意：这两件上衣中, 我愿意选择较便宜的那件以省出钱来买一本书。关键词是句中的two, 因是两者比较, 故用比较级, 可将答案锁定在B和C两项之间; 再根据句意, 排除C。8. There is an old proverb, “Love me, love my dog. ” But there is _ wisdom in this: “Love me, love m

22、y book. ”A. some B. much C. more D. most【解析】选C。考查比较级。该句中既没有显示比较级的关键词, 也没有暗示用比较级的than。而是将“Love me, love my dog. ”与“Love me, love my book. ”两句进行比较, 根据这两句话的内容确定哪句话更wisdom。故选C项。9. The melon the Smiths served at dinner would have tasted _ if it had been put in the fridge for a little while. A. good B. be

23、tter C. best D. well【解析】选B。句意：史密斯家晚餐时上的甜瓜若能放入冰箱中冷冻一下味道会更好些。题目中将“放入冰箱中冷冻”与“不放入冰箱中冷冻”作比较, 故用比较级。10. Speaking of all the songs he has written, I think this is probably his _ one. A. better-known B. well-knownC. best-known D. most-known【解析】选C。句意：谈及他所写的所有歌曲, 我认为这首大概是他的力鼎之作。因为比较范围是他所写的所有歌, 故用最高级。(best-kno

24、wn的原级是well-known而比较级是better-known。)11. The new group of students is better-behaved than the other group who stayed here _. A. early B. earlierC. earliest D. the earliest【解析】选B。句意：新来的这群学生比早些时候待在这儿的那些学生表现得更好些。该题的关键词是new, 即把“新来的学生”与“早些时候待在这儿的学生”进行比较。 12. After two years research, we now have a _ better

25、 understanding of the disease. A. very B. far C. fairly D. quite【解析】选B。考查比较级前的副词修饰语。句意：经过两年的研究, 我们现在对这种疾病有了一个更好的理解。这四个副词中, 通常只有far可用于修饰比较级。quite有时也可用于修饰better, 但它只用于表示“身体康复”, 不用于其他意义。13. Work gets done _ when people do it together, and the rewards are higher too. A. easily B. very easyC. more easily

26、 D. easier 【解析】选C。句意：当大家齐心协力做事时, 工作做起来会更容易, 而报酬也会更高。根据题意可知, 说话者是将 when people do it together 和 when people dont do it together 这两种情况比较, 故选比较级。注意不要选 D, 因为此题是要用副词修饰动词, 不能用形容词。另外, 根据句末的 higher too 也可知道此题是考查比较级。. 用所给词的适当形式填空1. Bob is _ (young) than Fred but _ (tall) than Fred. 2. The orange is a little_ (big) than the apple, but much _ (small) than the watermelon. 3. Her mother is getting _ and _ (fat). 4. I think its too expensive. Id like a _ (cheap) one. youngertaller biggersmallerfatterfattercheaper5. Your class