考研英语教育类阅读理解专项训练

1、2018年考研英语教育类阅读理解专项训练暑期集训来了，如何在暑期两个月创立出双倍的价值是每个考生想要达到的目标。这就需要加倍的努力和科学的规划了。英语方面的复习，大家要连续性背单词，阅读、写作及翻译要多加练习，总结方法技巧，活学活用。下面凯程在线和大家分享教育类的阅读模拟试题，大家不如集中练习，提升阅读速度和做题技巧。Oneofthemostimportantsocialdevelopmentsthathelpedtomakepossibleashiftinthinkingabouttheroleofpubliceducationwastheeffectofthebabyboomofthe19

2、50sand1960sontheschools.Inthe1920s，butespeciallyintheDepressionconditionsofthe1930s，theUnitedStatesexperiencedadecliningbirthrateeverythousandwomenagedfifteentoforty-fourgavebirthtoabout118livechildrenin1920，in1930，in1936，and80in1940.WiththegrowingprosperitybroughtonbytheSecondWorldWarandtheeconomic

3、boomthatfollowedit，youngpeoplemarriedandestablishedhouseholdsearlierandbegantoraiselargerfamiliesthanhadtheirpredecessorsduringtheDepression.Birthratesroseto102perthousandin1946，in1950，and118in1955.Althougheconomicswasprobablythemostimportantdeterminant，itisnottheonlyexplanationforthebabyboom.Theinc

4、reasedvalueplacedontheideaofthefamilyalsohelpstoexplainthisriseinbirthbabyboomersbeganstreamingintothefirstgradebythemid-1940sandbecameafloodby1950.Thepublicschoolsystemsuddenlyfounditselfovertaxed.Whilethenumberofschoolchildrenrosebecauseofwartimeandpostwarconditions，thesesameconditionsmadetheschoo

5、lsevenlesspreparedtocopewiththeflood.Thewartimeeconomymeantthatfewnewschoolswerebuiltbetween1940and1945.Moreover，duringthewarandintheboomtimesthatfollowed，largenumbersofteacherslefttheirprofessionforbetter-payingjobselsewhereintheeconomy.Therefore，inthe1950sand1960s，thebabyboomhitanantiquatedandinad

6、equateschoolsystem.Consequently，the“custodialrhetoric”ofthe1930sandearly1940snolongermadesense;thatis，keepingyouthsagedsixteenandolderoutofthelabormarketbykeepingtheminschoolcouldnolongerbeahighpriorityforaninstitutionunabletofindspaceandstafftoteachyoungerchildrenagedfivetosixteen.Withthebabyboom，t

7、hefocusofeducatorsandoflaymeninterestedineducationinevitablyturnedtowardthelowergradesandbacktobasicacademicskillsanddiscipline.Thesystemnolongerhadmuchinterestinofferingnontraditional，new，andextraservicestoolderyouths.1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?Theteachingprofessionduringthebabyboom.Birthrat

8、esintheUnitedStatesinthe1930sand1940s.Theimpactofthebabyboomonpubliceducation.Theroleofthefamilyinthe1950sand1960s.Thepublicschoolsofthe1950sand1960sfacedallofthefollowingproblemsadecliningnumberofstudentsold-fashionedfacilitiesashortageofteachersDaninadequatenumberofschoolbuildings3.Accordingtothep

9、assage，whydidteachersleavetheteachingprofessionaftertheoutbreakofthewar?ATheyneededtoberetrained.BTheyweredissatisfiedwiththecurriculum.COtherjobsprovidedhighersalaries.DTeachingpositionswerescarce.The“custodialrhetoric”mentionedinthelastparagraphrefersto_.AraisingafamilyBkeepingolderindividualsinsc

10、hoolCrunninganorderlyhouseholdDmaintainingdisciplineintheclassroomWhereinthepassagedoestheauthorrefertotheattitudeofAmericanstowardraisingafamilyinthe1950sand1960s?ALines13BLines910CLines2021DLines2426核心prosperityn.繁荣priorityn.先Professionn.copevi.付，理consequentlyadv.从而，因此staffn.全体laymann.外行discipline

11、n.学科，律institutionn.公共机构academicn.学院的，理的促使人在公共教育之作用的思虑上生的最重要的社会情况之一就是，20世50年代和60年代生育巅峰学校的影响。在20世20年代，特别是在30年代大条的情况下，美国了一次出生率的降低在1920年，每1，000名1544的女生育了大118个儿，1930年个，1936年个，到了1940年80个。随着第二次世界大以及以后的复所引的日益展和繁荣的情形，年人提前婚成家，开始比他于大条代的前供养更大的家庭。出生率在1946年增到102%，1950年%，1955年118%尽管因素很可能是最重要的决定因素，但它其实不是是生育巅峰的独一解。人

12、家庭念的增也有助于解种出生率的高升。在生育巅峰中出生的一代到20世40年代中期开始涌入学校一年，到1950年呈泛之。公共学校系统突然自己荷重。和后情况一方面使得入学少儿数量增多，但同的情况却使学校在如洪水般的入学少儿方面缺乏准。的情况意味着在1940年和1945年新建学校的数量不足挂齿。其他，在以及在随后的繁荣期。，大量教走开了教，到系统中的其他域求酬更厚的工作。因此，在20世50年代和60年代，生育巅峰冲了一个旧且不完满的学校系统。其果是，20世30年代和40年代早期的“之”开始失去意;也就是，因教育机构无法年在516的少儿供应学所需的空和教，因此，那些年在16及其以上的孩子待在学校以使他于

13、力市之外，不再是一个先的。在生育巅峰的冲下，教育者和教育感趣的外行所关注的焦点不可以防备地向了低年，回到了基本的学技术和学科上。一系统于向年大的年人供应非的、新式的和外的服不再抱有太多的趣。参照答案：。由干关babyboom定位文章第一段倒数第二句，句提到economicswasprobablythemostimpoItantdeterrninant.一可知，的繁荣致了。由干关profession定位第二段最后一句professionforbettei-payingjobs(很多老了高薪走开了教位babyboom，故A.teac】3ersleRtheir)，由此可推断出答案C.。由干关cust

14、odialrJaetoric定位文章第三段，第二句到，三四十年代custodialrhetoric不再合理，句中thatis后就是custodialdletorjc的内容，即keepingyouthsagedsixteenantlolderoutoftllelal)ormar-ketbykeepingt】aeminscla00l，B正是句的同述，故答案。推断。作者在第三段首句提到生育巅峰冲了学校系统，可消除A;最后一段提到教育者的焦点也向了低年，回到了基本的学技术和学科上，而向年大的年人供应非的、新式的和外的服不再抱有太多的趣，话中有话，在生育巅峰从前教育者的焦点不在基本的学技术和学科上，故消

15、除c，D与文意正好相反，只有B吻合文意。主旨。本文章的马虎。文章开篇作者就点了然主“促使人在公共教育的作用的思虑上生的最重要的社会情况之一，就是20世50年代和60年代生育高峰学校的影响”。由此可，本文的主旨C.AmyHighisdeckedoutinthetraditionalpinkdressandgoldenstoleofancientRome.Sheburstsintoathird-gradeclassroomandgreetsherstudents：“Salvete，omnes!”(Hello，everyone!)Thekidsrespondinkind，andsoontheyare

16、studyingderivatives.“Howmanypeopleareinaduet?”Highasks.Allthekidsknowtheanswer，andwhensheaskshowtheyknow，aboyresponds，“BecauseduoistwoinLatin.”Highreplies，“Plaudite!”andthe14kidseruptinapplause.TheylearntheLatinrootlater，orside，andconstructsuchEnglishwordsasbilateralandquadrilateral.“Latinsgoingtoop

17、enupsomanydoorsforyou，”Highsays.“Youregoingtobeabletofigureoutthemeaningofwordsyouveneverseenbefore.”HighteachesatProvidenceElementarySchoolinFairfaxCity，Va.，whichhasalotridingonthesuccessofherefforts.AspartofVirginiashigh-stakestestingprogram，schoolsthatdontboosttheirscoresbytheyear2007couldlosesta

18、tefunding.SoFairfaxCity，just18milessouthwestoftheWhiteHouse，hasupgradeditstwocrumblingelementaryschoolswithnewhigh-techtelevisionstudios，computerlabsandoneveryoldfeaturemandatoryLatin.Hereliesoneofthemorecounterintuitivedevelopmentsofthestandardized-testingmovement：Thoughsomecriticscomplainthatteach

19、ersareforcedtodumbdowntheirlessonsand“teachtothetest，”someschoolsareofferingmorechallengingcourseworkasawayofengagingstudents.Inthepastthreeyears，scoresofelementaryschoolsinhigh-stakestestingstatessuchasTexas，VirginiaandMassachusettshaveaddedLatinprograms.SaysAllenGriffith，amemberoftheFairfaxCitysch

20、oolboard：“IfweretryingtoimproveEnglishskills，teachingLatinisanawfullyeffective，provedmethod.”ThisisnotyourfathersLatin，whichwastaughttoelitecollege-boundhighschoolersanddrilledintothemthroughmemorization.ItstediumandperceivedirrelevancealmostdroveLatinfrompublicschools.Todaysgrowthinelementaryschool

21、Latinhasbeenspurredbynew，interactiveoralcurriculums，enlivenedbylessonsinRomanmythologyandculture.“Onethingthatmakesitengagingforkidsisthegoofyfunofinvestigatingtheseguysintogas，”saysMarionPolsky，authorofFirstLatin：ALanguageDiscoveryProgram，thetextbookusedinFairfaxCity.Latinenthusiastsbelievethatifyo

22、ungstudentslearnwordroots，theywillbeabletodecipherunfamiliarwords.(Bysomeestimates，65%ofallEnglishwordshaveLatinroots.)Latinisanalmostpurelyphoneticlanguage.Therearenosilentletters，andeachletterrepresentsasinglesound.Thatmakesitusefulinteachingreading.AndoncekidsmasterthegrammaticalstructureofLatinw

23、hichissimple，logicalandconsistenttheywillmoreeasilygraspthemanygrammaticalexceptionsinEnglish.注(1)：本文选自Time;12/11/2000，p61;注(2)：本文习题命题模拟对象2002年真题text4;FromthefirstParagraphwelearnthat_.AthestudentsshowlittleinterestinlearningLatinBthestudentssayhellototheirteacherinLatinCAmyHighteachesthestudentstor

24、eadBibleinLatinDlearningEnglishisunnecessaryifyouhaveperfectlymasteredLatinWhichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrueaccordingtothetext?Thetestingprogramiscrucialtotheschools.LatiniscompulsorytotheelementaryschoolsstudentsinFairfaxCity.ProvidenceElementarySchoolwillnotgetstatefundingthisyear.FairfaxCity

25、governmenthaddonealottoequipitselementaryschools.3.AccordingtoAllenGriffith，Latin_.AhaslittletodowithEnglishBisveryhelpfultooneslearningEnglishwillreplaceEnglishinthenearfutureshouldbetaughttokidsevenwhentheyareinelementaryschool4.Whichofthefollowingbestdefinestheword“plaudite”?Great.Sorry.Classisov

26、er.Sad.OnereasonforLatinenthusiaststosupportyoungstudentslearningLatinis_.ALatinhasalongerhistorythanEnglishBLatinhaslesswordrootsCeveryletterinEnglishwordrepresentasinglesoundDitiseasiertograspLatingrammar答案：BCBADAscollegesanduniversitiessendanotherwaveofgraduatesoutintotheworldthisspring，thousands

27、ofotherjobseekerswithliberal-artsdegreeslikeMartinsfindthemselvesinasimilarbind.Trueenough，thisisaneraofrecord-breakinglowsinunemployment.Buttechnologycompanies，whicharecontributingthelionsshareofnewjobs，aresimultaneouslydeclaringashortageofqualifiedworkers.Theemphasisisonthewordqualified.Itsnosurpr

28、isethathigh-techcompaniesrarelyhireliberal-artsgraduates.“Our.people，ourmarketers，evenourattorneyshavetechnicaltalent，”saysTracyKoon，directorofcorporateaffairsatIntel.Theneedfortechnicalexpertiseissopervasivethatevenretailersaredemandingsuchskills.“Company-wide，werelookingforstudentswithspecificinfo

29、rmation-systemsskills，”saysDavidMcDearmon，directoroffieldhumanresourcesatDollarTreeStores.“Typicallyweshyawayfromindependent-collegestudentswhodonthavethem.”FortunatelyforMartin，someinvaluablehelpwasathandwhenheneededit.TheVirginiaFoundationforIndependentColleges，anetworkof15liberal-artscollegesinth

30、estate，hasteamedupwithlocalcompaniestobridgethelearninggapfacedbyitsmembersgraduates.VFICinvited30companies，includingFirstUnionandElectronicDataSystems，tolinktheneedsofbusinesseswiththeskillsbeingtaughtincollegeclassrooms.WithgrantsfromcorporatesponsorslikeAT&T，VFICasked20information-technologymanag

31、erstohelpitsmemberscreateanexam，basedontheworkstudentswillbeexpectedtodointherealworld，totestandcertifytheirtechnologicalproficiency.Theresult，isaneight-parttestthatrequiresstudentstodesignawebsite，buildandanalyzespreadsheets，researchproblemsontheInternetanddemonstrateunderstandingoflegalandethicali

32、ssues.SaysLindaDalch，presidentofVFIC：“Ifanart-historymajorwantsajobatabank，heneedstoprovehehastheskills.Thatswherethiscredentialcanhelp.”Thisyear245studentsatVFICsmembercollegeshavegonethroughtheprogram.Thelong-termhopeisthatwillwinthesamekindofacceptanceastheLSATorCPAforlaworaccountingstudents.“Tok

33、nowastudenthastakentheinitiativeandpassedcouldmeanthatlesstrainingisneeded，”explainsJohnRudin，chiefinformationofficeratReynoldsMetals，oneofthecorporationsthathelpedcreatethetest.Allthisbegsanimportantquestion：Hasthetraditionalliberal-artscurriculumbecomeobsolete?Collegepresidentsnaturallyarguethatth

34、eskillstheirschoolsprovideareinvaluable.A.degree，saysMaryBrownBullockofAtlantasAgnesScottCollege，“givesgraduatestheabilitytoreinventthemselvestimeandtimeagainandtheknowledgeandthinkingskillsthattranscendaparticulardisciplineortimeframe.”Martinisfindingthattobethetruth.“Itwouldbenicetohavecomputercla

35、ssesonmytranscript，”hesays，buthasarmedhimwiththepowertolearnthoseskillsonhisownandacredentialtoshowhehasdoneso.Hesnowwaitingtohearwhenhisjobasanetwork-supportassistantforalargeBostonfirmwillstart.注(1)：文自Time;05/17/99，p92H;注(2)：本文命模拟象2002年真text3;Themainproblemmanyliberal-artsstudentsfaceinjobseekingi

36、s_.AtoomuchcompetitioninjobmarketBtheirlackoftechnicalexpertiseCcompanysdiscriminationagainstliberal-artsstudentsDtherecording-breakingunemploymentrateItcanbeinferredfromthetextthat_.inthemodernera，technicaltalentmeanseverythinginsecuringajobindependentcollegesarenotgivingtheirstudentspropereducatio

37、ntretailersarefollowingthefashiononlytopromotesalesthereisabigdemandforstudentswithtechnicalskills3.Tek-Xamisdesignedto_.offerVFICmembersgraduatesmorejobopportunitiescompetewithLSATandCPAhelpstudentscopewithrealworldproblemsDteststudentstechnicalskillsWecandrawaconclusionfromthetextthat_.Aliberalart

38、seducationstillprovesvaluabletostudentsTek-XamisgainingwideacceptanceamongemployersandstudentsalikeTechnologycompaniesareeagertopromoteTek-XamDcomputerclasseswillbeexcludedfromthecurriculumofliberal-artsstudentsFromthetextwecanseethatthewriterseems_.ApositiveBsuspiciousCpessimisticDdisapproving答案：BD

39、DAAInthepastfewyears，reformershaveembracedadisarminglysimpleideaforfixingschools：Whynotactuallyflunkthosestudentswhodontearnpassinggrades?BothDemocratsandRepublicanshavebegunattackingthepracticeof“socialpromotion”shuttlingbadstudentstothenextgrade，advancingthemwithpeerseveniftheyarefailing.MakeFtrul

40、ymeanfailure，themovementsays.LastweekinLosAngeles，thereformerslearnedjusthowornerythecurrentsystemcanbe.AccordingtoaplanreleasedTuesdaybythe.schooldistrict，endingsocialpromotiontherewilltakeatleastfouryears，couldcosthundredsofmillionsofdollarsandprobablywouldrequireflunkingabouthalfthedistrictsstude

41、nts.Thatsapessimisticassessment，butitsnotjustbureaucratscaterwauling.Rather，superintendentRubenZacariaswasaneagerconverttothecrusadeagainstsocialpromotion.InFebruaryheunveiledanambitiousplantoendunwarrantedpromotionsinfivegradesduringthe1999-2000schoolyearafullyearaheadofthetimetablesetbyastatelaw.A

42、tthetime，Zacariasacknowledgedthathisgoalwouldbehardtomeet.Heestimatedthatasmanyas6ofevery10studentswouldflunkiftheyhadtoadvanceonmerit.Zacariaswantedtospend$140millioninthefirstyearalonetohelpthesekids.Whysomuch?BecauseamountainofresearchshowsthatendingsocialpromotiondoesntworkifitjustmeansmoreFs.Ki

43、dswhoaresimplyforcedtorepeatgradesoverandoverusuallydontimproveacademicallyandoftendropout.Zacariaswantedmoretutoring，summerschoolandintensive-learningclasses.Unqualifiedstudentswouldntrisetothenextgrade;norwouldtheybedoomedtoredoworktheyalreadyfailed.Itwasaforward-lookingplanthatZacarias，70，didntha

44、vetheclouttoenact.Hewasntpopularenoughtheschoolboardrecentlyboughtouthiscontractafterabitterpowerstrugglebutevenfellowreformersthinkhisplanwastoomuch，toosoon.SaysboardmemberDavidTokofsky：“Youvegottheunionswhowanttheirsay.And，ofcourse，theresthefacilitiesissue：Wheredoyousendalltheseeighth-gradersifyou

45、cantsendthemtohighschool?”Thedistrictnowsaysitwillstopadvancinglow-achievingstudentsonlyintwogrades(secondandeighth)，anditwillbeginnextyear.LosAngelesisnttheonlyplacethathasrunintoroadblockswhiletryingtoendsocialpromotion.InNewYorkCity，someadvocateshavesaidinlawsuitsthatparentswerentnotifiedearlyeno

46、ughthattheirkidswereflunking.AndinChicago，whichledthenationontheissue，aparentsgrouphasfiledcivilrightscomplaintsallegingthatthepromotioncrackdownholdsbackadisproportionatenumberofblackandLatinokids.Still，thewaronsocialpromotioncouldhaveonesalutaryconsequence：ifeveryschooldistricttakes.sapproach，stru

47、gglingstudentswillgetalotmoreteachinghelp，notjustakickintherearastheyfinishanotherunproductiveschoolyear.注(1)：本文选自Time;12/13/99，p73，2/3p，1c注(2)：本文习题命题模拟对象2001年真题text2和text4第4题(本习题第5题)1.“Socialpromotion”is_.AasimpleideaforfixingschoolBflunkingstudentswhodontearnpassinggradesmakingFmoreorlessmeaningle

48、ssapoliticalmovementEducationofficialsgivethereformprospectapessimisticassessmentbecause_.Aittakestoolongtime，coststoomuchandmayproduceundesirableresultthereisnofeasibleplanyetitinvolvestoomanystudentsitisnotapprovedbystatelegislature3.ThewritermentionedthecaseofZacariastoshowthat_.Aendingsocialprom

49、otiondoesntworkschoolsdonothavetheabilitytoenacthisplanplanslikehisaretooambitiousitshardtoreachagreementontheissueofendingsocialpromotion4.Itseemsthattheeffortatendingsocialpromotion_.isconfrontingalotofresistancehasprovedfruitlesshaslittlehopeofsuccessdoesmoreharmthangood5.Towardtheproposalofendin

50、gsocialpromotion，theauthorsattitudeseemstobe_.pessimisticoptimisticobjectivebiased答案：CADABTHESEHAVEBEENTHE，BESTOFTIMESformanyofthenationstopuniversities-andtheworstoftimesformiddleincomefamiliesstrugglingtoaffordthem.Thankstoarobuststockmarket，schoolendowmentshaveballooned.Yetfewinstitutionshaveheld

51、downsteepincreasesintuition.Butthatmaybechanging.WilliamsCollege，aprestigiousliberalartsschoolinMassachusetts，announcedlastmonththatforthefirsttimein46years，itstuitionwouldremainsteadyat$31，520.LastweekstudentsatPrincetonUniversitylearnedthattheirannual$31，599tuition，roomandboardwillrisejust%-thesma

52、llesthikein30years.Theseshowsofrestraintmaysignalaturnaroundfromthewhoppingtuitionincreasesofrecentyears，assomeschoolsnowconsiderusingtheirendowmentstocontrolpricehikes.Since1980，collegecostshavemorethandoubled，afteradjustmentforinflation，whilethemedianincomeoffamilieswithcollege-agechildrenhasincre

53、asedonly12%.Lastyeartuitionroseanaverageof%，thelowestjumpin12years-butstillmorethantwicetherateofinflation.“Remainingaffordableformiddle-classparentsisthe800-lb.gorillafacingcollegesanduniversities，”saysTerryHartle，seniorvicepresidentoftheAmericanCouncilonEducationinWilliamshelditstuitionflatbypayin

54、gmoreofitsbillswiththeinvestmentprofitsonits$billionendowmentandwithcontributionsfromalumni.Butcollegeofficialswhoopposeusingendowmentstofreezetuitionsaythestudentsmostvulnerabletohikesarenotaffectedbythem.“Ifweweretokeeptuitionconstant，woulditchangethesituationhereforstudentsinneed?”asksPrincetonpr

55、esidentHaroldShapiro.“No，becausetheirtuitionisfullycovered.”Theschoolplanstoboostscholarshipstoneedystudentsthisyearasmuchas$2，250aperson.Tobesure，thereisnoshortageoffamilieswhocanaffordeliteinstitutions.DespiteannualtuitionhikesatHarvard，itsapplicantpoolswelledfrom13，029in1992to18，167lastyear.Familiesthatequatepricewithqualityhaveallowedcostsateliteschoolstobeon“autopilot，”saysGordonWinston，aneconomistatWilliamsCollege.Mostwealthyfamiliescanaffordthehightuitions，andpoorfamiliesgetfinancialaid，butmiddle-incomefamiliesgetsqueezed-andevensqueezedout