本科生实验报告-GIS课程设计(开发)

1、本科生实验报告实验课程 GIS课程设计(开发) 学院名称 地球科学学院 专业名称 地理信息科学 学生姓名 学生学号 指导教师 实验地点 实验成绩 二一六年 12月 二一七年1月摘 要针对GIS空间分析与建模课程讲授的基本算法设计和软件使用要求，本实验报告分别就多边形裁剪线段、多边形裁剪多边形、点与线的关系判断、泰森多边形的构建、求解最短路径等重要空间分析算法和提取中心线等进行了上机实验，通过实验对这些空间分析算法的基本思想、算法分析及算法实现过程有了更深入的理解。从理论和实践角度加深了对GIS空间分析与建模课程的认知程度，学会了如何分析现实的GIS问题及设计相应的数据结构和算法来解决问题。关键

2、词：空间分析、算法、裁剪、多边形、线、点、tin、最短路径 目录 TOC o 1-3 h z u HYPERLINK l _Toc471309269 ArcEngine二次开发实验：地物分类统计 ArcEngine二次开发实验：地物分类统计一. 实验目的（1）熟练搭建ArcEngine开发环境，了解ArcEngine和ArcObjects相关接口和实体类（2）利用ArcEngine实现地物分类统计，缓冲区运算，拓扑运算和地图导出等功能（3）进一步熟悉ArcEngine开发接口以及高级功能，加深对GIS空间分析和空间统计的理解二. 实验内容利用C#语言、VS开发工具、ArcEngine开发平台实

3、现地物分类统计三. 地物分类统计技术流程3.1 算法思想及算法流程图算法基本思想： (1)二次开发Com组件ITool,分别是用于线统计和面统计两类的工具(2)数据输入及相关初始化 ，选择统计工具(3)如果统计工具是面统计，则获取地图控件的轨迹多边形，否则就是线统计，获取地图控件的轨迹线，并对线做35的缓冲区。使用IElement接口绘图，然后使用IActivView导出地图(4)使用IQueryFilter进行空间查询，然后使用IDataStatistics接口统计地类名称字段的值集合(5)遍历上步中的值集合，每个迭代中通过值构造sql语句where条件”地类名称=值”，同时结合(3)步中的

4、轨迹多边形或者缓冲区，运用ISpatialFilter进行空间查询。遍历每个要素，统计该要素与轨迹多边形或缓冲区的相交图形的距离，从而得出每类地物的面积(6)使用IArea求出轨迹多边形或者缓冲区的总面积(7)相关结果可视化展示(8)算法结束算法流程图：图 SEQ 图 * ARABIC 1地物分类统计流程图3.2 关键代码实现该算法的核心代码如下：统计工具：/ / Summary description for StaticTool. / Guid(0428808a-4782-4f81-a0b3-93be6e9226dc) ClassInterface(ClassInterfaceType.N

5、one) ProgId(GisStatistics.Com.StaticTool) public sealed class PolygonStaticTool : BaseTool #region COM Registration Function(s) ComRegisterFunction() ComVisible(false) static void RegisterFunction(Type registerType) / Required for ArcGIS Component Category Registrar support ArcGISCategoryRegistratio

6、n(registerType); / / TODO: Add any COM registration code here / ComUnregisterFunction() ComVisible(false) static void UnregisterFunction(Type registerType) / Required for ArcGIS Component Category Registrar support ArcGISCategoryUnregistration(registerType); / / TODO: Add any COM unregistration code

7、 here / #region ArcGIS Component Category Registrar generated code / / Required method for ArcGIS Component Category registration - / Do not modify the contents of this method with the code editor. / private static void ArcGISCategoryRegistration(Type registerType) string regKey = string.Format(HKEY

8、_CLASSES_ROOTCLSID0, registerType.GUID); MxCommands.Register(regKey); ControlsCommands.Register(regKey); / / Required method for ArcGIS Component Category unregistration - / Do not modify the contents of this method with the code editor. / private static void ArcGISCategoryUnregistration(Type regist

9、erType) string regKey = string.Format(HKEY_CLASSES_ROOTCLSID0, registerType.GUID); MxCommands.Unregister(regKey); ControlsCommands.Unregister(regKey); #endregion #endregion private IHookHelper m_hookHelper = null; private IMapControl3 mapControl = null; private IToolbarControl toolBarControl = null;

10、 public PolygonStaticTool() / / TODO: Define values for the public properties / base.m_category = ; /localizable text base.m_caption = 面统计; /localizable text base.m_message = 面统计; /localizable text base.m_toolTip = 使用多边形进行统计; /localizable text base.m_name = 面统计; /unique id, non-localizable (e.g. MyC

11、ategory_MyTool) try / / TODO: change resource name if necessary / string bitmapResourceName = GetType().Name + .bmp; base.m_bitmap = new Bitmap(GetType(), bitmapResourceName); base.m_cursor = new System.Windows.Forms.Cursor(GetType(), GetType().Name + .cur); catch (Exception ex) System.Diagnostics.T

12、race.WriteLine(ex.Message, Invalid Bitmap); #region Overridden Class Methods / / Occurs when this tool is created / / Instance of the application public override void OnCreate(object hook) try m_hookHelper = new HookHelperClass(); m_hookHelper.Hook = hook; if (m_hookHelper.ActiveView = null) m_hookH

13、elper = null; catch m_hookHelper = null; if (m_hookHelper = null) base.m_enabled = false; else base.m_enabled = true; / TODO: Add other initialization code this.toolBarControl = hook as IToolbarControl; this.mapControl = this.toolBarControl.Buddy as IMapControl3; / / Occurs when this tool is clicked

14、 / public override void OnClick() / TODO: Add StaticTool.OnClick implementation this.mapControl.CurrentTool = this; public override void OnMouseDown(int Button, int Shift, int X, int Y) / TODO: Add StaticTool.OnMouseDown implementation if (Button = 1) IGeometry pGeometry = this.mapControl.TrackPolyg

15、on(); SymbolUtil.InsertNormalLineElement(mapControl, TopologicOpreatorUtil.GetGeometryBoundary(pGeometry) ,255, 0, 0); new StatisForm(pGeometry, this.mapControl, OutputImage(pGeometry).ShowDialog(); SymbolUtil.ClearElement(mapControl); private void outPutArea(IGeometry pGeometry) ITopologicalOperato

16、r pTopologicOperator = pGeometry as ITopologicalOperator; pTopologicOperator.Simplify(); / pTopologicOperator.Clip IActiveView pActiveView = this.mapControl as IActiveView; / PictureBox p=new PictureBox(); / pActiveView.Output(); public override void OnMouseMove(int Button, int Shift, int X, int Y)

17、/ TODO: Add StaticTool.OnMouseMove implementation public override void OnMouseUp(int Button, int Shift, int X, int Y) / TODO: Add StaticTool.OnMouseUp implementation private Image OutputImage(IGeometry pGeometry) return MapImageUtil.SaveCurrentToImage(mapControl.Map, 331, 151, pGeometry.Envelope); #

18、endregion / / Summary description for PolylineStaticTool. / Guid(62751d8d-07b3-4d84-a559-5ebdafbb4e0e) ClassInterface(ClassInterfaceType.None) ProgId(GisStatistics.Com.PolylineStaticTool) public sealed class PolylineStaticTool : BaseTool #region COM Registration Function(s) ComRegisterFunction() Com

19、Visible(false) static void RegisterFunction(Type registerType) / Required for ArcGIS Component Category Registrar support ArcGISCategoryRegistration(registerType); / / TODO: Add any COM registration code here / ComUnregisterFunction() ComVisible(false) static void UnregisterFunction(Type registerTyp

20、e) / Required for ArcGIS Component Category Registrar support ArcGISCategoryUnregistration(registerType); / / TODO: Add any COM unregistration code here / #region ArcGIS Component Category Registrar generated code / / Required method for ArcGIS Component Category registration - / Do not modify the c

21、ontents of this method with the code editor. / private static void ArcGISCategoryRegistration(Type registerType) string regKey = string.Format(HKEY_CLASSES_ROOTCLSID0, registerType.GUID); MxCommands.Register(regKey); ControlsCommands.Register(regKey); / / Required method for ArcGIS Component Categor

22、y unregistration - / Do not modify the contents of this method with the code editor. / private static void ArcGISCategoryUnregistration(Type registerType) string regKey = string.Format(HKEY_CLASSES_ROOTCLSID0, registerType.GUID); MxCommands.Unregister(regKey); ControlsCommands.Unregister(regKey); #e

23、ndregion #endregion private IHookHelper m_hookHelper = null; private IMapControl3 mapControl = null; private IToolbarControl toolBarControl = null; public PolylineStaticTool() / / TODO: Define values for the public properties / base.m_category = ; /localizable text base.m_caption = 线统计; /localizable

24、 text base.m_message = 线统计; /localizable text base.m_toolTip = 使用线段缓冲区进行统计; /localizable text base.m_name = 线统计; /unique id, non-localizable (e.g. MyCategory_MyTool) try / / TODO: change resource name if necessary / string bitmapResourceName = GetType().Name + .bmp; base.m_bitmap = new Bitmap(GetTyp

25、e(), bitmapResourceName); base.m_cursor = new System.Windows.Forms.Cursor(GetType(), GetType().Name + .cur); catch (Exception ex) System.Diagnostics.Trace.WriteLine(ex.Message, Invalid Bitmap); #region Overridden Class Methods / / Occurs when this tool is created / / Instance of the application publ

26、ic override void OnCreate(object hook) try m_hookHelper = new HookHelperClass(); m_hookHelper.Hook = hook; if (m_hookHelper.ActiveView = null) m_hookHelper = null; catch m_hookHelper = null; if (m_hookHelper = null) base.m_enabled = false; else base.m_enabled = true; / TODO: Add other initialization

27、 code this.toolBarControl = hook as IToolbarControl; this.mapControl = this.toolBarControl.Buddy as IMapControl3; / / Occurs when this tool is clicked / public override void OnClick() / TODO: Add PolylineStaticTool.OnClick implementation public override void OnMouseDown(int Button, int Shift, int X,

28、 int Y) / TODO: Add PolylineStaticTool.OnMouseDown implementation if (Button = 1) IGeometry pGeometry = this.mapControl.TrackLine(); ITopologicalOperator pTopoOpreator = pGeometry as ITopologicalOperator; IGeometry newGeometry= pTopoOpreator.Buffer(35); SymbolUtil.InsertNormalLineElement(mapControl,

29、 pGeometry, 255, 0, 0); SymbolUtil.InsertNormalLineElement(mapControl, TopologicOpreatorUtil.GetGeometryBoundary(newGeometry), 0, 255, 0); new StatisForm(newGeometry, this.mapControl, OutputImage(pGeometry).ShowDialog(); SymbolUtil.ClearElement(mapControl); public override void OnMouseMove(int Butto

30、n, int Shift, int X, int Y) / TODO: Add PolylineStaticTool.OnMouseMove implementation public override void OnMouseUp(int Button, int Shift, int X, int Y) / TODO: Add PolylineStaticTool.OnMouseUp implementation #endregion private Image OutputImage(IGeometry pGeometry) return MapImageUtil.SaveCurrentT

31、oImage(mapControl.Map, 331, 151, pGeometry.Envelope); 核心统计类：/ / 空间查询与操作帮助类 / 2015/12/11 fhr / class FeatureDealUtil public static bool UpdateFeature(IList pfeatuers, DataTable dataTable) for (int i = 0; i dataTable.Rows.Count; i+) IFeature pFeature = pfeatuersi; DataRow dRow = dataTable.Rowsi; bool

32、isUpdate = false; for (int j = 0; j dRow.ItemArray.Count(); j+) IField pField = pFeature.Fields.get_Field(j); if (!pField.Editable) continue; if (pField.Type = esriFieldType.esriFieldTypeBlob | pField.Type = esriFieldType.esriFieldTypeRaster | pField.Type = esriFieldType.esriFieldTypeGeometry) conti

33、nue; if (pFeature.get_Value(j) != dRowj) isUpdate = true; object value=dRowj; if (pFeature.Fields.get_Field(j).CheckValue(value) pFeature.set_Value(j, value); if (isUpdate) pFeature.Store(); return true; / / 统计某一段各值的个数 / / / / public static IDictionary QueryLayerCountForUnikevalues(IFeatureLayer lay

34、er,string fieldName,IGeometry pGeometry) IDictionary result = new Dictionary(); IList values = GetUnikeValues(layer, fieldName); foreach (string value in values) string where = string.Format(0 = 1, fieldName, value); Int32 count = GetLayerCount(layer,pGeometry, where,fieldName); result.Add(value, co

35、unt); return result; public static IDictionary QueryLayerAreaForUnikevalues(IFeatureLayer layer, string fieldName, IGeometry pGeometry) IDictionary result = new Dictionary(); IList values = GetUnikeValues(layer, fieldName); foreach (string value in values) string where = string.Format(0 = 1, fieldNa

36、me, value); double count = GetLayerClipArea(layer, pGeometry, where, fieldName); result.Add(value, count); return result; public static IList GetUnikeValues(IFeatureLayer layer, string fieldName) IList values = new List(); IFeatureCursor pFeatureCursor = QueryFeatureInLayer(layer, ); IDataStatistics

37、 dataStatistics = new DataStatisticsClass(); dataStatistics.Cursor = pFeatureCursor as ICursor ; dataStatistics.Field = fieldName; / IStatisticsResults result = dataStatistics.Statistics; IEnumerator myEnumerator = dataStatistics.UniqueValues; List myValueList = new List(); myEnumerator.Reset(); whi

38、le (myEnumerator.MoveNext() if (myEnumerator.Current != null) values.Add(myEnumerator.Current.ToString(); / IStatisticsResults result= dataStatistics.Statistics; return values; public static Int32 GetLayerCount(IFeatureLayer layer, IGeometry pGeometry, string where, string fieldName) ICursor pCursor

39、=QueryFeatureInLayer(layer, pGeometry, where) as ICursor; / return GetLayerCount(pCursor, fieldName); return GetLayerCount(pCursor); public static double GetLayerClipArea(IFeatureLayer layer, IGeometry pGeometry, string where, string fieldName) ICursor pCursor = QueryFeatureInLayer(layer, pGeometry,

40、 where) as ICursor; / return GetLayerCount(pCursor, fieldName); return GetLayerClipArea(pCursor, pGeometry); public static Int32 GetLayerCount(ICursor pCursor,string fieldName) IDataStatistics dataStatistics = new DataStatisticsClass(); dataStatistics.SimpleStats = true; dataStatistics.Cursor = pCur

41、sor; dataStatistics.Field = fieldName; IStatisticsResults pStatisticsResult = dataStatistics.Statistics; return pStatisticsResult.Count; public static Int32 GetLayerCount(ICursor pCursor) int count = 0; IFeatureCursor cursor = pCursor as IFeatureCursor; while (cursor.NextFeature()!=null) count+; ret

42、urn count; public static double GetLayerClipArea(ICursor pCursor,IGeometry originGeo) double area = 0; IFeatureCursor cursor = pCursor as IFeatureCursor; IFeature pFeature = cursor.NextFeature(); while (pFeature != null) ITopologicalOperator pTopo = pFeature.Shape as ITopologicalOperator; IGeometry

43、geometry = pTopo.Intersect(originGeo, esriGeometryDimension.esriGeometry2Dimension); area += (geometry as IArea).Area; pFeature = cursor.NextFeature(); return area; / / 利用语句进行查询 返回游标和查询过滤类 / / / / public static IFeatureCursor QueryFeatureInLayer(IFeatureLayer featureLayer, String whereClause) IFeatu

44、reCursor featureCursor = null; IQueryFilter2 queryFilter = new QueryFilterClass(); queryFilter.WhereClause = whereClause; IFeatureClass featureClass = featureLayer.FeatureClass; featureCursor = featureClass.Search(queryFilter, false); return featureCursor; / / 利用语句进行查询 返回游标和查询过滤类 / / / / / public st

45、atic IFeatureCursor QueryFeatureInLayer(IFeatureLayer featureLayer, String whereClause,ref IQueryFilter queryFilterCopy) IFeatureCursor featureCursor = null; IQueryFilter2 queryFilter = new QueryFilterClass(); queryFilter.WhereClause = whereClause; IFeatureClass featureClass = featureLayer.FeatureCl

46、ass; featureCursor=featureClass.Search(queryFilter, false); queryFilterCopy = queryFilter; return featureCursor; / / 利用空间位置进行查询 返回游标和查询过滤类 / / / / / public static IFeatureCursor QueryFeatureInLayer(IFeatureLayer featureLayer, IGeometry geometry, ref IQueryFilter queryFilterCopy) IFeatureCursor featu

47、reCursor = null; ISpatialFilter spatialFilter = new SpatialFilter(); switch (featureLayer.FeatureClass.ShapeType) case esriGeometryType.esriGeometryPoint: spatialFilter.SpatialRel = esriSpatialRelEnum.esriSpatialRelContains; break; case esriGeometryType.esriGeometryPolyline: spatialFilter.SpatialRel

48、 = esriSpatialRelEnum.esriSpatialRelIntersects; break; case esriGeometryType.esriGeometryPolygon: spatialFilter.SpatialRel = esriSpatialRelEnum.esriSpatialRelIntersects; break; spatialFilter.Geometry = geometry; IFeatureClass featureClass = featureLayer.FeatureClass; featureCursor = featureClass.Sea

49、rch(spatialFilter, false); queryFilterCopy = spatialFilter; return featureCursor; / / 利用空间位置进行查询 返回游标和查询过滤类 / / / / public static IFeatureCursor QueryFeatureInLayer(IFeatureLayer featureLayer, IGeometry geometry) IFeatureCursor featureCursor = null; ISpatialFilter spatialFilter = new SpatialFilter()

50、; switch (featureLayer.FeatureClass.ShapeType) case esriGeometryType.esriGeometryPoint: spatialFilter.SpatialRel = esriSpatialRelEnum.esriSpatialRelContains; break; case esriGeometryType.esriGeometryPolyline: spatialFilter.SpatialRel = esriSpatialRelEnum.esriSpatialRelIntersects; break; case esriGeo

51、metryType.esriGeometryPolygon: spatialFilter.SpatialRel = esriSpatialRelEnum.esriSpatialRelIntersects; break; spatialFilter.Geometry = geometry; IFeatureClass featureClass = featureLayer.FeatureClass; featureCursor = featureClass.Search(spatialFilter, false); return featureCursor; / / 利用空间位置进行查询 返回游

52、标和查询过滤类 / / / / / public static IFeatureCursor QueryFeatureInLayer(IFeatureLayer featureLayer, IGeometry geometry,string where) IFeatureCursor featureCursor = null; ISpatialFilter spatialFilter = new SpatialFilter(); spatialFilter.WhereClause = where; switch (featureLayer.FeatureClass.ShapeType) case esriGeometryType.esriGeometryPoint: spatialFilter.SpatialRel = esriSpatialRelEnum.esriSpatialRelContains; break; case esriGeometryType.esriGeometryPolyline: spatialFilter.SpatialRel = esriSpatialRelEnum.esriSpatialRelIntersects; break; case esriGeometryType.esriGeom