英语12二练习与样题

1、第一部1. 标识词： and, almost, even, similarly, like, besides, further, 第一部1. 标识词： and, almost, even, similarly, like, besides, further, moreover, furthermore, too, also, and then, again；bo 2. , , nd; not onlybut also; 3. A（particularly; in particular; more importantly;most of all; what really matters isas

2、 a matter ct; in ; actually 等）B能预示两种情况：第一，B 的内容包A 中A 中最典型的，即二者是强调关系；第二，A 的内容并不完全真实，B 才是真正的情况，即二者是转折关系。4. 标识词：because, since, as, for, due to, so, therefore, thus, hence, t, consequently,asaresult, asa consequence, t,tothisIts not surprising voters are disenchanted ns. During the 2, 000 election, par

3、t of the Vanishing Voter Project at Harvard Universitys Shorenstein Center on the PoliticsandPublicPolicy,from elections. erviewed100,000AmericanstodiscoverwhytheyreD Theyre so enamored of ent and t they cant find time themidtermhe1998midterms,coveragewasdownbynhalfoverhe mirror. Some F So look for

4、a small turnout Tuesday, but dont ask citizens to them have cast their eye on whats going on in and medialand and are asking theyshouldbebithatG Their l the story: 81 percent ve “most political candidates will almost anything to get themselves elected”; 75 percent feel “political candidates are conc

5、ernedwith fightingeach nwithsolvingthenations5. 标识词：forinstanceforle,G Their l the story: 81 percent ve “most political candidates will almost anything to get themselves elected”; 75 percent feel “political candidates are concernedwith fightingeach nwithsolvingthenations5. 标识词：forinstanceforle,asan

6、hesecondplace,next,another,finally,t The problem t the loss of confidence can be highly contagious. If, for Indonesias economy collapses, so could other nearby economies, marketsacrossthe t could take Even as moralists and activists continue to debate homosexuality, many species casually practice it

7、. Human beingsa lot of them anywaylike to do it too, but of all the planets species, theyre the only ones who are oppressed when they try.A Sotheirargumentsarecomparativelypaleinfrontof B ManyhaveputdifferenthelabforCt;t,birdsandD Evenifsomeanimalsdont,theyonlyrepresentasful safety programs may diff

8、er he emphasis placed on certain aspects the program. Some place great emphasis on mechanical guarding. Others stress safe by observing rules or regulations. Still others depend on an emotional appeal to worker.But, there arecertain basic aretobetmustbeused ineveryprogram um 词汇：After the Civil War,

9、the South suffered from both economic hardship and drastic lchange. During the t-Civil War era, the Klan was very popular among southern These changes were brought out by the quick abolition of slavery, on which most Southern slave owners depend to make a living and expand their wealth. When their p

10、rofits dramatically dropped, they harbored profound hatred against the slaves and the north.For centuries, the south had re d on slaves to harvest crops at plan ions. When the slaves were freed, the plan ions werent being worked on anymore, causing the owners to lose a lot of money. When this happen

11、ed, six former Confederate soldiers started a hate group called the Ku Klux Klan.2.同义词：paymoreattentionfocuson；词性转换bebriefbrevityisthe 3.通过形容词和副词的比较形式以及其它一些有比较意义的词语（如 same, so, as, equal, such, similar, different, other, otherwise, likewise）表示照应关系，从而达到对上下he early 1900s in merica, German-born America

12、n anthropologist Franz developed a new theory of culture known同义词：paymoreattentionfocuson；词性转换bebriefbrevityisthe 3.通过形容词和副词的比较形式以及其它一些有比较意义的词语（如 same, so, as, equal, such, similar, different, other, otherwise, likewise）表示照应关系，从而达到对上下he early 1900s in merica, German-born American anthropologist Fran

13、z developed a new theory of culture known as historical particularism. Historical which emphasized the uniqueness of all cultures, gave new direction to anthropology.【anthropologists t cultural innovations, such as inventions, had a single origin passedfromsocietytosociety.Tduct is a memory chipan e

14、asier design and manufacturing n full-blown sor chip of the t provides the guts of a computer. t is under a third of the price of comparable flash-memory cards. The principal disadvantage unlikeflashcards,itcannotbewipedclean for reuse.MatrixschipscanrecorddataonlyA But,is tsolvesoneproblem,itcreate

15、sanother.Formakingsuchamulti-storyB But the real principal advantage of matrixs memory chip is cost. The 64 ,whichcanholdabouttwohours-worthofmusic,costsnC Forthisobviousdisadvantage,the multi-storychipis ensiveresearchexpertssayitstilltakesyearsbeforetheyare 4.sfullyt,one,these,In order to establis

16、h a more effective corporate management system, of are virtually racking their brains. Even though tons of plans are sketched out by various firms, em to be satisfying enough. But this huge project, said CEO of the willnotbecompleteduntilnext A Thesehavecostthecompanymillionsofdollarsalreadyand whet

17、hertheywillworkstillheB Theyareeitherfailingtotakeenough human-toomuchemotionto he oconsiderationortoallowC So they decided to use their so-called “old and rotten brains” to come up comprehensive,andsatisfying-all-needsmanagerialDof,however,seems tobequite ttheycansolvehenear 5专有关联。例如，USWhiteHouseAm

18、erica6一、一致性、连贯性.Thus,inhisview,diverseaspectsofculture,suchasthestructures,Dof,however,seems tobequite ttheycansolvehenear 5专有关联。例如，USWhiteHouseAmerica6一、一致性、连贯性.Thus,inhisview,diverseaspectsofculture,suchasthestructures,ofmarriage, categories of kinship, ownership of property, forms systemsoffoodpr

19、oduction,allchangedassocietiesernment, technology, A.Inhiswork,heattemptedtoshowhowallaspectsofculturechangedofheB. He t all worldly phenomena, including human societies, changed over advancingtowardy,however,theeranizationofthetradeeast in all skilled trades, enabled the workmen to meet on equal te

20、rms the managers of companieswhoemployedA. Without any support from outside, it was almost eveniftheyhadmadegreat sible for employees to get B. Direct communication as an important emotional tie n employers and employees notoserioushelong. In addition, far more workers expressed dissatisfaction with

21、 ndidtheirhe10otherA. AreportttherateofsbeendoubledoverthepastseveralB. A remainednemployeesandemployersonthepoorworkingconditionsymentlongEven as moralists and activists continue to debate homosexuality, many species casually it. Human beingsa lot of them anywaylike to do it too, but of all the pla

22、nets species, theyre the only ones who are oppressed when they try.A. Both observation and experiments have demonstrated animals in certain ch lack of mates or too serve competition from rivals of the same sex will sometimes try to theirsexneedtotheanimalsofthesameB. Even if some animals dont, they

23、only represent alack of mates or too serve competition from rivals of the same sex will sometimes try to theirsexneedtotheanimalsofthesameB. Even if some animals dont, they only represent a minority. Most t for mates tfornewmatesandreproduceoffspringEuropeswholesalemarketforfoodanddrinkisgrowingatth

24、esamesluggishpaceasthemarket,butthefigures,whenaddedtogether, masktwoingA.Forle,wholesalefoodanddrinksalescometo$268billioninFrance.Moreover,overallmarginsarehigherinninB.andmore important is the consumers growing preference for eating out. as the islooming large, people are getting anxious. They te

25、nd to keep a tighter hold theirpurseandconsidereatingathomearealisticAfter the Civil War, the South suffered from both economic hardship and drastic l t-CivilWarera,theKlanwasverypopularamongsouthernA. These changes were brought out by the quick abolition of slavery, on ost slave owners depend to ma

26、ke a living and expand their wealth. When their profits dropped,theyharboredprofoundhatredagainsttheslavesandtheB. For centuries, the south had d on slaves to harvest crops at ions. When the were freed, the ions werent being worked on anymore, causing the owners to lose a ofmoney.Whenthishappened,si

27、xformerConfederatesoldiersstartedahategroupcalledKuKluxSome attributed virtually every important cultural achievement to the inventions of a few, lly gifted peoples then spread to other cultures.A. Farming, pottery making, and metallurgy all originated in ancient Egypt and throughout the world. In f

28、act, all of these cultural developments occurred y at anypartsoftheB. Supporters of the theory viewed as a collection asocietyfunctioning. egrated t work together to The high reward for education which is deeply imbedded in culture and the to work very hard to gain advancement are other noteworthy c

29、haracteristics A. This explains why so many descendants of uneducated labors have succeeded doctors,lawyers,andB. Therefore, there is a terrible need to innovate our educational system so as to enhace You are going to read a list of headings and a text about how to select a fund. Choose most suitabl

30、e heading from the list A-F for each numbered paragraph (1-and paragraphs of the text are not numbered. There is one extra heading which you do notYou are going to read a list of headings and a text about how to select a fund. Choose most suitable heading from the list A-F for each numbered paragrap

31、h (1-and paragraphs of the text are not numbered. There is one extra heading which you do not need use.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10WatchingrelatedexpensesandmakingwisePayingattentiontoWeighingyourlgoalsandainingrealisticNarrowingtheNottooEating better. Exercising. Investing. There are a lot of

32、things you know should ng. problem t getting started always seems to be the hardest part. For many investors, funds are a good way to go, but trying to sort through the number of available n 10,000makes this important task appear overwhelming. Lets look at some ways t number down to a reasonable siz

33、e, as well as other factors to consider when selecting Before you begin examining potential investments, its important to take some time s your own goals and risk tolerance. If you start clear ind, as well as understanding as to how you might react if your investment loses money, youll be less likel

34、y purchase a t doesnt fit your needs. ts what often leads to ment. It important to look for t are appropriate for both your goals and your ay to begin your search for a good fund is to use the Morningstar star rating. rating is a useful tool for narrowing the field to ve done a good job of return an

35、d he past. To assign rating, Morningstar uses a t compares a groupsdomestic stock ernational stock funds, taxable bond funds, and bondt invest solely in a single market sectors, called lty funds, often impressive returns and may be great additions to a diversified portfolio. However, the s such fund

36、s depends largely on the fortunes of a particular market sector. Hence, lty probablyarentthebestwaytostart.Forfund,look foradiversifiedstockuretodifferenttypesofsTheres no ch in fund investing: in addition to the sales t some companies charge, fund investors must also pay management fees and trading

37、 y, you dont sarily get what you pay forno one has ever t expensivefundsprovidegreaterreturns.Lookforfundswithreasonablecosts.Theexpensewhich expresses annual costs comparingmutualfundrcentage amount, is probably the best number to use Whateverthemarketdoes,trytotakeitinstride.Youreinforthe longhaul

38、,sodont about the markets day-to-day gyrations. Relax and resist thewhich expresses annual costs comparingmutualfundrcentage amount, is probably the best number to use Whateverthemarketdoes,trytotakeitinstride.Youreinforthe longhaul,sodont about the markets day-to-day gyrations. Relax and resist the

39、 ion to monitor investment daily. Check in on your mutual funds once a month, and give your portfolio thorough exam every 6 to 12 months. And consider adding to your fund onth. automaticinvestmentplanmakesitarelativelypainlessFinally, t the ultimate measure of your s as an investor depends not your

40、owning the best-performing mutual fund. Only one fund will be the top performer over nextdecade,andtheresnowaytopredictwhichoneitwillbe.Meetingyourownlshouldybetheyardstickbywhichyoumeasureyourinvestment Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatextabouthowtodressyourselfproperly.themostsuitableheadingfr

41、omthelistA-Fforeachnumberedparagraph(1-5).andparagraphsofthetextarenotnumbered.Thereisoneextraheadingwhichyoudonotneeduse.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETyzingyourownB BeingcautiouswhenC FindingatoGettingthefinallookyLearningtobeMakingregularconsciousWhenwemeetpeoplefortime,weoftenmakesaboutthembasedent

42、irelyhowtheylook.And,ofcourseitstworksbothways,forwetooarebeingonourappearance.Whenwelookgood,wefeelgood,urnleads toamoreandself-redmanner.Peoplethenpickuponthisconfidenceanditivelyus.Undoubtedly,itswhatstsimportant,butsometimeswecansendoutthesignalssimplybywearinginappropriateclothingornotspendinge

43、noughtimethinkinghowothersseeForle,peopleoftenmakethemistakeoftryingtolooklikesomeoneelsetheyveseeninmagazine,butthisisusuallyadisasterasweallhaveourowncharacteristics.Standinfrontoffull-lengthmirrorandbehonestwithyourselfaboutwhatyousee.Thereisnoneedtodwellyourfaultsweallhavegoodsandemphasizethegoo

44、dsbutthinkinsteadaboutthebestwayWhenselectingyourclotheseachday,thinkaboutwhoyourelikelytomeet,whereyouretobespendingmostofyourtimeandwhattasksyouarelikelytoperform.Clearly, somewillbemoreappropriatetodifferentsortsofactivityandthiswilleyourchoicetoanHowever,theresnoneedtoabandonyourindividualtastey

45、.Afterall,ifyoudresspleasesomebodyelsesideaofquiteooksgood,youmayendupfortableandButtoknowyourownmind,youhavetogettoknowyourself.WhatdoyoutrulyfeelgoodThereareprobablyaHowever,theresnoneedtoabandonyourindividualtastey.Afterall,ifyoudresspleasesomebodyelsesideaofquiteooksgood,youmayendupfortableandBu

46、ttoknowyourownmind,youhavetogettoknowyourself.WhatdoyoutrulyfeelgoodThereareprobablyafewfavouritetyou wearalotmost peoplewear20 percent theirwardrobe80percentofthetime.Lookattheseclothesandaskyourselfwhattheyhavecommon.Aretheyneatandtidy,looseandflowing?Thenlookatthethingshangingintyoudontwearandask

47、yourselfwhy.Gothroughafewmagazinesandandmark thetcatchyoureye.Isthereacommon Somecolorsbringyournaturalcolouringtolifeandotherscangiveusawashed-outTryoutnewcoloursbyallmeans,buttdressinginbrightcolourswhenyoulikesubtleneutraltones,orviceversa,willmakeyoufeelself-consciousfortable.knowdeepdownwhereyo

48、urowntaste.Andalthoughitsgoodtochallengesometimeswithnewcombinationsorshades,takecarenottogotoofarallatSo,youvechosenantmatchesyourstyle,ality,yourandcolouring.But doesitfit?Ifsomethingistootightortooloose,youwontachievetheeffect,andnomatterwhatotherqualitiess,itwontimproveyourappearanceorconfidence

49、.Sometimes,webuythingswithoutthinking.Somepeoplewhodislikethingtheysee,orpreferto-orderorernet.Inallcases,ifitdoesntperfectly,dontbuyit,becausethefinerdetailsarejustasimportantastheoverallReappraisingyourimageisntselfishbecausehoocontact withyou benefit.Youlllookbetterandyoullfeelaersonallround.Andi

50、findoubt,youonlyto rofessorAlbertMehrabiansbookSilentMessagestoremindyourselfhowoutwardare.Hisresearch ttheimpactwe makeon eachother 55percentonhowwelookandbehave,38percentonhowwespeakandonly7percentwhatweactuallysay.So,whateverstageyouareatinyourlife,whateverroleyouplay,isntit time you made the mos

51、t of yourself?Large, multinational corporations may be the companies whose ups and downs headlines. But to a far greater n most Americans realize, the economys depends on the fortunes of tiny shops and restaurants, neighborhood and Small businesses, defined as those with n 100 workers, now employ ne

52、arly 60 of the work force and are expected to generate half of all new jobs n now and the 2005. Some1.2 million small firms have opened their doors over the past six years of growth,andnext yearwillseeanadditional200,000entrepreneursstrikingoffontheirToo many of these pioneers, however, will blaze a

53、head unprepared. Idealists overestimate the clamor for their products or fall to he competition. Nearly by derestimate, often fatally, the t s requires. Mid-career executives, takeover or a restructuring to quit the corporation and find another way to themselves，maysavortheideaofbeingtheirsbutmayten

54、trepreneurseast for a while, be bookkeeper and receptionist, too. According to Small Administrationdata, 24 of every 100 businesses starting out todayare likely to have wo years, and 27 morewill have shut their doors four years from now. By 2009, n of those 100 start-ups will have folded. A new stud

55、y of 3,000 east for a while, be bookkeeper and receptionist, too. According to Small Administrationdata, 24 of every 100 businesses starting out todayare likely to have wo years, and 27 morewill have shut their doors four years from now. By 2009, n of those 100 start-ups will have folded. A new stud

56、y of 3,000 small businesses, sponsored American Express and the National Federation of Independent Business, suggests slightly odds: Three years after start-up will have folded, 77 percent of the rveyed comfortablein.EightyThinking through an dworkedwiththesameproductorserviceinlastrise before the l

57、aunch is obviously critical. But entrepreneurs t a firms health is its pulse. In their zeal to expend, small-owners often ignore early warning signs of a stagnant market or of decaying profitability. hopefullypourmoreandotherise,preferringnottoacknowledgeerodingtmeanthemarkerfortheiringeniousservice

58、ors evaporated, tmustcuttheillness,andbythenthepatientisusuallytoofargonetoFrequent checks of your firms vital signs will also guide you to a sensible rate of growth. snatchopportunity,youmustspottheorperhapsfranchiseyourhottitistimetoconquernewmarker,addThe world economy has about the need to addre

59、ss a o a brick wall. Despite countless warnings in recent ger crisis in poor countries and a looming energy worldwide,world leaders failed to think ahead. The result is a global food crisis. Wheat, corn rice have n he past two years, l have n since the start of 2004. These food-price increases combi

60、ng with soaring energy costs will slow not stop economic any parts of the world and will even undermine political as evidenced by ve erupted in like Haiti, Bangladesh and Faso. Practical solutions to these growing woes do exist, but well have to start thinking andactingThe crisis has its roots in er