题型板块完形填空考点集汇讲解和训练

1、最新版名校学习资料集锦全国各大名校资料会集【考点扫描】“完形填空”题是一种旨在观察学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。它结合了单项选择题和短文填空的优点，既观察词语搭配、近义词辨异、动词时态、句型结构、复合句的关系和习惯用法等，又观察了逻辑推理和事理推断能力。“完形填空”题要求填入的词主要有：语法结构所要求的功能词，如连接词、连接代词、连接副词、关系代词、关系副词等。拥有语法变化的一般词，如动词的时态、语态、语气，名词的数，代词的格，形容词和副词的级等。固定搭配短语或词组中的特定词。同义词、近义词等易混淆词。依照上、下文意思及结构必定填入的确定词。可见，完形填空是一种综合性较强的题型。它

2、的突出特点是起点高、容量大。同学们只有具备了扎实的语言基本功、较好的阅读能力及归纳判断能力，才能适应这一题型。完形填空题的观察目的：观察同学们阅读理解能力。观察同学们语法知识。观察同学们综合运用英语知识的水平和实践能力。【名师解难】一、完形填空题的命题特点完形填空题是经过阅读观察学生语言知识及语言知识综合运用能力的一种测试形式。命题人在一段难度适当的文章中留出10个空白，要求考生从所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出一个最正确答案，使补足的短文意思畅达、结构完满。完形填空是介于单项填空和阅读理解之间的一种题型。可以说它是依照一篇文章所供应的情况进行的选择填空，也可以说它是在缺少个别单词情况下的阅

3、读理解。完形填空既有对语法规则、习惯用法和词语搭配的观察，又有对文章内容的通篇理解。完形填空主要观察以下三个方面的内容：1、词汇：此类题目观察的内容是：近义词的差异，词语的固定搭配和习惯用法。近几年陕西省中考题中的完型填空题观察的词汇种类涉及到名词、代词、动词、介词、连词、形容词、副词和短语动词。2、语法：此类题目观察的是：各种语法规则在文章中的运用。其中包括名词的单复数，形容词、副词的比较等级，动词的时态和语态，介词、数词、代词和连词的用法，主谓一致，各种从句的用法等。3、结构：此类题目观察的是：文章中间句子与句子之间，段落与段落之间，上文与下文之间的逻辑关系。从设空的种类看可分为三个层次：

4、1、句子层次2、句组层次3、全篇层次设空的难度，从句子层次到句组层次，再到全篇层次，依次增加。解析近几年陕西省的完形填空题，我们可以看出陕西省完形填空题的设空主要以句子层次为主，以句组层次为辅，几乎没有全篇层次题目。因此整体难度较低。二、完形填空的解题技巧前面我们已经解析过，完形填空是在全面理解短文基础上的选择填空。因此做“完型填空”题应依照以下步骤：1、通读全文，认识马虎做这类题目是，第一应该把文章通读一遍，认识一下文章的大概内容。千万不要读一句填一句，由于“完形填空”题里所给的大多数选项填入单句后都可成立，但从全文看又不可以取。比方：2002年北京海淀区中考试题中的完形填空题：hotdog

5、isoneofthemostpopularAmericanfoods.Itwasnamedafterfrankfurter,aGermanfood.Youmayhear“hotdog”1inotherways.Peoplesometimessay“hotdog”toexpress2.Forexample,afriendmayask3youwouldliketogotothecinema.Youmightsay“Great!Iwouldlovetogo.”Or,youcouldsay,“4!Iwouldlovetogo.People5usetheexpressiontodescribe描(写)s

6、omeonewhoisa“-showoff”,whotriestoshoweveryoneelsehow6heis.Youoftenhearsuch7calleda“hotdog”.Hemaybeabaseballplayer,forexample,who8theballwithonehand,makinga(n)9catchseemmoredifficult.Youknowheisahotdogbecausewhenhemakessuchacatch,hebows鞠(躬)tothecrowd,hopingtowintheir10.1.A.eatenB.usedC.cookedD.picked

7、2.A.strengthB.practiceC.pleasureD.reply3.A.ifB.howC.whenD.where4.A.HotdogB.DontworryC.NevermindD.Excuseme5.A.everB.alsoC.stillD.yet6.A.hopefulB.carefulC.kindD.great7.A.adogB.alandC.apersonD.anaction8.A.catchesB.playsC.passesD.throws9.A.hardB.funnyC.excitingD.easy10.A.thanksB.cheersC.medalsD.matches若

8、是不看后边的文章内容，短文的第一个题所给第四个选项都可以填入空白处，不论是从语法的角度，还是从这个句子的意思完满的角度，都是可以站得住脚的。但若是连续看完这一段短文此后，你就会心会到，“hotdog在”这里不是“被吃”，“被做”，“被拿”，而是“被使用”，只能选used。有些同学一拿到“完形填空”题，就着手去填，填到最后，才发现所选答案语全文的意思不符，不得不在从头开始。费时又费力，还不易做正确，这类方法是不可以取的。2、瞻前顾后，渐渐填空认识文章马虎此后，即可渐渐填空。一般来说，文章后边所给的选择答案可分三类：一类是语法正确，而意思不对；另一类是意思正确，而语法错误；第三类是语法正确，意思也

9、正确。在选择答案时，必然要考虑到上下文的意思，还要考虑到句子的结构，习惯用法，固定搭配和词类的功能，尽量使选出的答案及复合语法又吻合原文的意思。3、认真复查，合适调整填空所有做完今后，应把短文从头到尾再读一遍，检查一下填空今后的文章可否连接，情节可否合理，语法结构可否正确。一般来说，若是意思连接，情节合理，语法结构正确，就意味着选答没有问题；若是发现个别填空使文章文理不通，语法结构有问题，就说明选答不正确。对这样的填空应该认真商酌，进行调整。【中考模范】（2004年陕西省中考试题）Onceuponatime,somechildrenwereplayingatseasidewhentheyfou

10、ndaturtle(海龟).Theybegantobeattheturtle.Justatthattime,ayoungmancameandsaidtothem,“Stop!”Thechildren31ranquickly.Theturtlewasverythankfulandsaid,“Thanksforyourkindness.Ireallywouldlike32youtoawonderfulpalacenow.”Theyoungmanrodeonthebackoftheturtleandwastakentothesecretpalaceinthesea.Whenhe33thepalace

11、,hewasverysurprisedandsaidtotheturtle,“Whatanicepalace!”Tothankhim,thekingoftheturtlesgave34him.Hehadneverseensuchadinnerbefore.Hereceivedawarmwelcomethereandwasvery35everything.Afterdinner,thekingoftheturtlessaid,“Iamgoingtogiveyoutwoboxes,36youcanopenonlyone.”“Youmustnopentboth.Dontforgetit!”thetu

12、rtlewarnedhim.“Allright.Iwillopenonlyone,”theyoung许man诺).Atpromised(thistime,alargewavesenthimoutofthesea.Afterhe37,heopenedthebiggeroneofthetwoboxes.38theboxwasfullofgold.“MyGod!”hecried.“nowI.”mThen39hethought,“Thingsotherintheboxmustbeexpensive,too.”Hecouldnotwaitanylonger.Hebrokehispromiseandope

13、nedtheotherbox.Assoonasheopenedit,hebecameanoldman.Hishairturnedwhite.Hisface40anoldmanovereightyyearsold.Itallhappenedinamoment.Hewassorryforwhathedid,butitwastoolate.A.throughB.awayC.intoD.outA.wantingB.askingC.toletD.toinvite33.A.leftforB.arrivedonC.arrivedatD.gotaway34.A.averybigdinnerB.averypoo

14、rdinnerC.averybaddinnerD.averysmalldinnerA.pleasedwithB.strictinC.angrywithD.sorryforA.soB.orC.butD.asA.wentbacktohomeB.wasbackhome38.A.TohissurprisingB.ToonessurprisingC.ToonessurpriseD.Tohissurprise39.A.apoormanB.arichmanC.anoldmanD.ayoungman40.A.likedB.feltlikeC.lookedlikeD.lookedB依照上下文判断，那些孩子们应该

15、是跑走了。因此应选away。32.Dwouldlike此后应接不定式，年青人就了海龟的命，海龟应是“邀请年青人到宫殿去。”C到达某个地方应用arrivedat。A依照逻辑，海龟国王要感谢他，必然设盛宴招待他。因此应选abigdinner。35.A海龟国王盛情招待他，因此他对所有都满意。pleasedwitheverything表示的就是这个意思。C海龟国王给了他两个盒子，但只准他打开一个。这里有一个转折关系，因此应选but。B年青人在海里见到了海龟国王，获取了两个盒子今后，应该回家，而不是回到海里。而回家应是wentbackhome。38.D使他感觉惊讶的是，用英语表示就是Tohissurpr

16、ise。39.B他获取了金子，自然应该是arichman。40.C由于贪心，他的头发变白了，脸“看起来”像八十多岁的老头。从2004年的完形填空题来看，难度不大，所有题目都属于句子层次。只要看懂了短文的意思，掌握了一些短语的固定搭配，再多做一些精选的练习，做好完形填空题是不难的。【满分演练】(1)Averynew,youngofficerwasatarailwaystation.Hewasonhiswaytovisithismotherin1town.Hewantedtotelephonehertotellherthetimeofhistrain,2shecouldmeethimatthe3i

17、nhercar.Helookedatallhispockets,but4thathedidnothavetherightmoneyforthetelephone,sohewentonandlooked5forsomeonetohelphim.Atlastanoldsoldiercameby,andtheyoungofficerstoppedhimandsaid,“Canyouchangethe6me?oney”“Waitamoment,”thesoldier7,andhebegantoputhishandinhis8“IllseewhetherIcanhelpyou.”“Donyoutknow

18、howtospeaktoanofficer?the”youngofficersaidangrily“Nowlets9again,Canyouchangethemoneyforme?”“No,sir,”theoldsoldieranswered10.1AotherBtheotherCanotherDone2AsoBsothatCbecauseDwhen3AplaceBstationCstreetDstop4AknewBthoughtCfoundDfoundout5AupBdownCaroundDinto6AtoBwithCforDand7AansweredBspokeCtoldDsmiled8A

19、coatBhandbagCwalletDpocket9AstartBtobeginCdoingDask10AeasilyBfastChappilyDquickly(2)OneofCharlieChaplinsmostfamousfilmswas“TheGoldRush”ThefilmwassetinCaliforniainthemiddleofthe1century.Atthattime,goldwasdiscoveredinCaliforniaandthousandsofpeople2theretolookforgold,soitbecame3as“thegoldrush”Peoplesai

20、dgoldcould4bepickedupbywashingsandfromtheriverinapanofwater.Thiswasknownas“panningforgold”Inthefilm,ChaplinandhisfriendareinCalifornia.Sofar,theyhavebeen5intheirsearchforgoldandhavenomoneyatall.They6inasnowstorminasmallwoodenhouse.Theyhave7Theyaresohungrythatthey8apairofshoes,byboilingtheminapanofwa

21、ter.Chaplinsitsdown9thetableandeatstheshoe.Hemakesitseemasifthisisoneofthe10mealsthathehaseverenjoyed.1.AnineteenBninetiethCnineteenthDninth2.AwentBleftCclimbDfound3.AfamousBknownCwonderfulDgreat4.AhardBeasilyCdifficultyDslowly5.AunhappyBunsuccessfullyCunluckyDunluckily6.AhavegotBmeetCarecaughtDlive

22、7.AalittlefoodBsomewaterCnothingDnothingtoeat8.AwearBcookCmakeDmend9.AatBbyCnearDbeside10.AbiggestBdearestCcheapestDmostdelicious(3)OncetherewasaboyinToronto.HisnamewasJimmy.Hestarteddrawingwhenhewasthreeyearsold,andwhenhewasfivehewasalreadyvery_1_atit.Hedrewmanybeautifulinterestingpictures,andmanyp

23、eople_2_hispictures.Theythoughtthisboywasgoingtobe_3_whenhewasalittleolder,andthentheyweregoingto_4_thesepicturesforalotofmoney.Jimmyspictureswerequitedifferentfromother_5_becauseheneverdrewonallofthepaper.Hedrewon_6_ofit,andtheotherhalfwasalways_7_.Thatsveryclever,everybodysaid._8_otherpeoplehaveev

24、erdonethatbefore.Onedaysomebodyaskedhim,Pleasetellme,Jimmy.Whydoyoudrawonthebottom(底部)halfofyourpictures,_9_notonthetophalf?BecauseImsmall,Jimmysaid,andmybrushes毛(笔)cant_10_veryhigh.1.A.poorB.sadC.gladD.good2.A.boughtB.broughtC.soldD.took3.A.differentB.cleverC.famousD.rich4.A.buyB.showC.leaveD.sell5

25、.A.mensB.peoplesC.boysD.childs6.A.halfB.partC.sideD.end7.A.fullB.emptyC.wrongD.ready8.A.NoB.SomeC.AnyD.Many9.A.thenB.andC.butD.or10.A.changeB.turnC.pullD.reach(4)Jane,pleaseletmeborrowadollar,Jennyaskedastheystoodintheschoollunch.Ihaveoneinmyjacket,butIdontwantto_1_andlosemyplace.OK,agreedJane.Janew

26、aitedalldayforJennyto_2_backthedollarsheborrowed,butJennyseemedtobe_3_.Shesjustforgotten,thoughtJane.Idontwantto_4_herangry.Still,hermoneydidntgofar.Someclassmates,likeJenny,weregettingfivedollarsaweek.Weekswentby.AtlastJanegotupenoughcouragetotellheraboutthe_5_.Oh,Jane,Iforgot!Jennysaid,Ill_6_thedo

27、llartomorrow.ThenextdayJennyseemedtohaveforgottenagain.DuringthenoonhourJanesawher_7_sweetsforMaryandAnn.JennysawJanelookingather._8_shesaidsomethinginalowvoicetotheothertwogirls.Janefelt_9_andaskedherteacherifshecouldgobacktotheclassroom.Intheclassroom,JanesawtwonewpencilsinJennysdesk.An_10_cametoh

28、er.Jennysnotkindlately,andanyway,shereallyowesme.Adollardoesntmeananythingtoher,butitmeansalottome.1.A.stayB.waitC.leaveD.take2.A.returnB.lendC.showD.pay3.A.busyB.happyC.freeD.sad4.A.letB.makeC.keepD.find5.A.moneyB.lunchC.placeD.classmate6.A.rememberB.bringC.giveD.pass7.A.borrowingB.makingC.sellingD

29、.buying8.A.EvenB.AgainC.ThenD.Instead9.A.aloneB.sadC.hungryD.lucky10.A.endB.answerC.ideaD.excuse(5)Mondayisthebeginningoftheweek;itisthedaymostAmericanslikeworst.Thedaythey_1_mostisSaturday.Saturdayisthe_2_oftheworkweek;itisthebeginningoftheweekend.Lifeis_3_ontheweekend;mostAmericans_4_careoftheirho

30、uses,carsandgardens.Theysleep_5_inthemorning.Theyenjoythefeelingthatthetime_6_tomovemoreslowly.Theworkweekisforthingsyou_7_todo;theweekendisforthingsyou_8_todo.Somepeoplemaygetinacarfora_9_inthecountry.Theyliketotakepartinasportsactivityoutofdoors.AndonSaturdaynighttheymightgotopubliceating_10_orafi

31、lm.1.A.likeB.dislikeC.spendD.leave2.A.middleB.beginningC.endD.day3.A.worseB.difficultC.betterD.different4.A.makeB.takeC.lookD.pick5.A.earlierB.laterC.fasterD.shorter6.A.decidesB.wantsC.spendsD.seems7.A.enjoyB.hateC.haveD.find8.A.likeB.startC.getD.check9.A.driveB.walkC.fishingD.washingB.houseC.roomD.

32、apartment(6)Intheolddays,inLondon,thesmogwasverythick.Carandbusdrivers_1_todriveveryslowly.They_2_sawtheroadinfrontofthemevenduringthedaytime.Peopledidnotlikegoingoutinthesmog._3_theyhadtogoout,theyworesmogmaskovertheirfaces.InDecember1952,avery_4_darkcloudcamedownoverLondon.Itwasthe_5_smogLondoners

33、hadeverhad._6_ofitwasbadfactorysmoke.Nearlyfiftypeoplediedinroadaccidents.Butmanymorepeoplebecameunhealthy.Thesmogwasvery_7_foroldpeopleandchildren.Onemansaid,Thestreetswerealmost_8_becausepeoplestayedathomeasmuchaspossible.Theairwasverythick,andyoucouldalmostcutitwithaknife.Afterthreeweeks,thesmogb

34、eganto_9_.Butinthefollowingweeksandmonthsover4000peoplediedasa_10_ofthesmog.1.A.hurriedB.stayedC.hadD.stopped2.A.easilyB.hardlyC.alreadyD.freely3.A.IfB.SoC.ThoughD.Because4.A.clearB.thickC.thinD.small5.A.hottestB.nicestC.worstD.best6.A.MuchB.ManyC.AfewD.Alittle7.A.favouriteB.strongC.dangerousD.weak8

35、.A.emptyB.fullC.dirtyD.clean9.A.rememberB.forgetC.arriveD.lift10.A.partB.usualC.endD.result(7)Mothersdayisaholidayformothers.ItiscelebratedintheUnitedStates,England,Sweden,India,Mexicoandanyother_1_.Littlebylittle,it_2_widelycelebrated.MothersdayfallsonthesecondSundayinMay._3_,manypeoplesend_4_oflov

36、etotheirmothers.Thosewhosemothersarestillliving_5_apinkorredrose,whilethosewhosemothersare_6_wearawhiteone.The_7_ofadayformotherswasfirstgivenbyMissAnaJarvisofPhiladelphia.Asaresultofherhardwork,thecelebrationforthefirstAmericanMothersDay_8_inPhiladelphiaonMay10,1908.Soonthe_9_becamepopularalloverth

37、e_10_andaroundtheworld.1.A.homesB.schoolsC.countriesD.cities2.A.givesB.becomesC.staysD.begins3.A.ForalongtimeB.InthemorningC.AtatimeD.Onthatday4.A.presentsB.thingsC.helloD.calls5.A.putB.takeC.wearD.dress6.A.illB.healthyC.deadD.busy7.A.ideaB.planC.needD.meeting8.A.heldB.washoldingC.washeldD.ishe.ld9.

38、64.dayB.holidayC.monthD.time10.A.countryB.AmericaC.placeD.England(8)Theideal(理想的)teachermaybeyoungorold,tallorshort,fatorthin.Heshould_1_hissubjectverywellandlikelearningsomethingaboutothersubjects.Theidealteachermustbefullofstrongfeelingsofwonderorinterest.Hemust_2_teachanythinghehimselfisnot_3_in.

39、Heshouldbelikeamanwhocanactandshouldnotbeafraidto_4_hisfeelingsandtellotherpeoplewhathelikesandwhathedoesntlikeclearly.Hemustlikehisstudentsandrespectthem,andhemustalsorespecthimselfandbeproudofhiswork._5_hedoesnt,hecannotrespecthisstudentsand_6_respectfromthem.Theidealteachershouldhavean_7_ofhisstu

40、dentsandbeabletogetonwellwiththem.Heneedsstudentsunderstanding,too.Theidealteachershouldbekindand_8_andheshouldgivehopetohisstudentstolearnknowledge.Theidealteachershouldseehisstudents_9_sothathecanknowhowtoencouragethegrowthof_10_ofhisstudents.Theidealteacherisonewhogrows,learns,andmakeshimselfbett

41、eralongwithhisstudents.Sowhatabouttheteacheraroundyou?1.A.likeB.knowC.chooseD.remember2.A.neverB.everC.evenD.still3.A.weakB.wellC.interestedD.strict4.A.holdB.showC.passD.keep5.A.SinceB.AsC.IfD.Because6.A.giveB.loseC.changeD.win7.72.A.understandingB.ideaC.exerciseD.excuseB.helpfulC.quickD.lucky9.A.li

42、stsB.mistakesC.cardsD.differencesB.everyC.oneD.either(9)Hawaiiisfamousforitsbeautifulbeaches.Everyyearwatersports,especiallysurfingandwaterskiingattract1touriststotheisland.Hawaiihasbeenamagicalnametopeoplewholiketotravel2manyyears.Peopleon3sidesofthePacificOcean（太平洋),inJapanandinAmerica,dreamof4the

43、sebeautifulislandsinthemiddleoftheocean.Inthetropical（热带的)lands,thesundropslikeaballofgoldenfireintothesea,anditdropsso5thatyoucanalmostseeitmove.Thesunleavesbehindaglow（斜阳余辉)thatlightstheskyinthequietwater.Peopleoftenhaveaquiet,enjoyabletimewalkingalongthewater.Thissceneryisnotverydifferentfromthee

44、xcitingbeautythatgreetedthefirsttouriststotheseislandscenturiesago.Theycameincanoesnotmuch6thansmallboats.Theyfoundthebeautifulwhitesandbeachesandthewavingpalmtrees（棕榈树)，buttherewerenograndhotelslike7weseetoday.ThefirstpeoplecametoHawaiinearly8yearsago,butskyscraper（摩天大楼)hotelswereonlybuiltinthelast

45、25years.NowaeroplanesmakeitpossibletoflytoHawaiiforaweekendfromTokyo9SanFrancisco.peoplecomefrom,theyreallywanttoseetheearliestbeautyofHawaii.Theywanttoseethelovelybeachesandthemountainswhicharealmosthiddenbythetallhotels.A.manyB.muchC.anyD.noA.byB.withC.forD.sinceA.bothB.eachC.eitherD.everyA.toseeB

46、.SeeingC.SeeD.sawA.happilyB.quietlyC.heavilyD.quicklyA.bigB.bigerC.biggerD.biggestA.theoneB.theonesC.thisD.thatA.twothousandsB.twothousandsofC.twothousandD.twothousandofA.toB.ofC.inD.orA.WhereverB.WhateverC.HoweverD.Whenever(10)Mobilephonesarebecomingmoreandmorepopularnotonlywithgrownupsbutalsowiths

47、tudents.Meanwhile,theyalso1aproblemformiddleschoolsinthepastfewyears.SomechildrenhavegotmobilephonesasChristmasorbirthdaygifts,andmorewill2wantthem.ManylikeSMSbecauseitiseasyand3.Someparentsfelthappybecausetheycouldgetintouch4theirchildren.Someteacherssaidmobilephoneusewasadistraction（分心的事)tostudent

48、sduringschoolhoursanditalsogavethemmuch5intheirclassrooms.Sometimesstudents6usephonemessagestocheat（作弊)duringexams.Anewstudyfoundthatsometeenagerssendmessagesinclassevenhurttheirfingersbecausetheycan7SMStstop.Manyteacherssuggestedthatstudentsshouldnothavephonesatschool,8iftherewasagoodreason,theycou

49、ld9theirphonesatschooloffice.Manypeoplethinktheyunderstand10parentswouldwanttheirchildrentohavethem,buttheyagreeschoolshouldletthestudentsknowwhentheycanusetheirmobilephones.A.becauseB.hadbecomeC.havebecomeD.willbecomeA.stillB.yetC.alreadyD.tooA.quicklyB.quickC.hurryD.sharpA.againstB.onC.withD.toA.b

50、usinessB.informationC.thingsD.troubleA.dareB.havetoC.shouldD.mightA.usingB.touseC.usedD.usedtoA.andB.butC.thoughD.howeverA.missB.leaveC.lieD.fetchA.whetherB.becauseC.whyD.since(11)Ifirstsawthebabypandawhenshewasonly10daysold.Shelookedlikeawhitemouse.We1herXiWang.Itmeans“hope”.WhenXiWangwasborn,shewe

51、ighed(重)2100grams(克).XiWangdrankhermothermilksforasmuchas14hoursaday.Whenshewassixmonthsold,shestartedtoeatbambooshoots(嫩芽)and3.Eightmonthslater,shewasnotasmallbabyanymore.Shegrewintoa4youngpandaandweighed35kilos.WhenXiWangwas20monthsold,shehadtolookafterherself5hermotherhadanotherbaby.6,itisverydif

52、ficultforpandastoliveinthewild(野外).Herearesomeofthe7thatpandaslikeXiWangmayhaveinthefuture.Ifhunters(猎人)catchapanda,theywillkillitforitsfur(毛皮).Iffarmers8treesandforests,pandaswillhavenoplacetolivein.Whenmothersleavebabypandasalone,peoplewilloftentakethemaway.Peoplethinkthatthebabypandasneed9.Ifpandasareindanger,weshouldtryourbesttoprotectthem.Ifwedo10,soontherewillbenomorepandasintheworld!A.madeB.calledC.toldD.keptA.quiteB.mostlyC.j