化学复习：第3章第2讲钠的其他常见化合物碱金属元素课件

1、烧碱、火碱、苛性钠 第三章 常见的金属及其化合物Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.烧碱、火碱、苛性钠 第三章 常见的金属及其化合物EvaluEvaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.2Al2NaOH2H2O=2NaA

2、lO23H2。NH4ClNaOH NaClH2ONH3。Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.2Al2NaOH2H2O=2NaAlO23H2。名称（化学式）碳酸钠（Na2CO3）碳酸氢钠（NaHCO3）俗名主要性质色态白色晶体细小白色晶体水溶性易溶于水，溶液呈碱性易溶于水（但比同温下Na2CO3溶解度小），溶液呈碱性稳定性不稳定，受热易分解纯碱或苏打小苏打稳定，但结晶碳酸钠（Na2CO310H2O）易风化Evaluati

3、on only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.名称（化碳酸钠（Na2CO3）碳酸氢钠俗名色态白色晶体细小白 硫 酸 铝主要性质与H+反应CO +2H+ H2O+CO2HCO +H+ H2O+CO2与OH-不反应，但Ca2+CO CaCO3Ca2+OH-+HCO CaCO3+H2O(碱过量)Ca2+2OH-+2HCO CaCO3+CO +2H2O(碱不足)盐CaCl2Ca2+CO CaCO32Al3+3CO +3H2O2Al(OH)3+3CO23

4、HCO +Al3+Al(OH)3+3CO2不反应 与碱反应Ca（OH）2Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 主与H+反应CO +2H+ H主要用途玻璃、造纸、制皂、洗涤发酵、医药、灭火器相互转化Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.主要用途玻璃

5、、造纸、发酵、医药、灭火器相互转化Evaluat提示以NaOH溶液为代表的碱性溶液中的OH可与磨口玻璃塞中裸露的SiO2反应，生成Na2SiO3，使瓶塞和瓶体粘连在一起不易打开。Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.提示以NaOH溶液为代表的碱性溶液中的OH可与磨口玻璃塞科目一考试 / 2016年科目一模拟考试题科目二考试 2016年科目二考试技巧、考试内容、考试视频Evaluation only.Created wit

6、h Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.科目一考试 / 201提示溶液中将析出白色晶体(沉淀)。原因是：发生Na2CO3CO2H2O=2NaHCO3，同温下，NaHCO3的溶解度比Na2CO3小，生成的NaHCO3的质量比消耗的Na2CO3的大(即106 g Na2CO3生成168 g NaHCO3)，即溶质增加，反应消耗了水，即溶剂减少，因此出现沉淀，主要原因是。Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5

7、Client Profile .Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.提示溶液中将析出白色晶体(沉淀)。原因是：发生Na2CO31 依次增多 依次增大 银白 小 较小 较低 Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.1 依次增多 依次增大 银白 小 较小 较低 Evaluat1 碱 Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5

8、Client Profile .Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.1 碱 Evaluation only.减小 增强 增强 剧烈 增强 Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.减小 增强 增强 剧烈 增强 Evaluation only物理 Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Co

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13、ated with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.答案CEvaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile

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24、011 Aspose Pty Ltd.答案DEvaluation only.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.答案A Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.答案A Evaluation only.Evaluati

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26、5 Client Profile .Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.答案C Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.答案C Evaluation only. Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose

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29、 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only.Created with A