系动词用法详解讲义-初高中衔接课程

1、系动词系动词本身有词义，但不能单独作谓语，后必须跟表语(名词、形容词、某些副 词、非谓词、介词短语、从句)构成系表结构来说明主语的状况、性质、特征等 情况。共有以下几种：.状态系动词可用来表示主语性质或状态，只有be一词。Fm a student,我是一名学生。He is 18 years old.他十八了。My class-mates are hard-working.我的同学都很刻苦。.持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand 等 oHe always keeps silent at meeting.他开

2、会时总保持沉默。This matter remains a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。The window stayed open all the night.这扇窗子整夜开着。.表像系动词用来表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有seem, appear (=look)。He appears tired.他看起来很累。He seems (to be) very sad.他看起来很伤心。.感官系动词感官系动词主要有 look、feel, smell, sound, tasteolook“看起来像是”，后接形容词、名词、分词、介词短语、不定式等。The girl bit her lips an

3、d looked thoughtful.这位女孩咬着嘴唇，看上去假设有所思。smell闻起来”，后接形容词、分词。The flowers smell sweet.这些花气味真香。sound”听起来”,后接形容词、分词。The music sounds sweet.这首诗听起来真悦耳。taste“尝起来”，后接形容词、分词。The apples taste very good.这些苹果很好吃。feel“摸起来，给感觉”；“觉得”，后接形容词、分词。The silk feels very soft.丝绸摸起来很滑。You will feel better after a nighfs sleep,

4、睡上一晚，你会觉得好些。.变化系动词这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run。He became mad after that.自那之后，他疯 了。She grew rich within a short time.她没多长时间就富了。The days are getting longer and longer.白天变得越来越长了。.终止系动词表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out,表达证实，变成之意This advice was to prove valuable,这忠告证明是有益的。Things are going to turn out fine.事情正好起来。注：与实义动词的区别：在英语中，某些动词是多义词，既有实义动词用法，又有系动词用法。如：He looked sad at the news.听到这消息他看起来有些悲伤。（“看起来，系动词用 法）He looked sadly at the boy.他伤心地看着小男孩。（“看着“，实义动词用法）The soup