外研版中考英语语法复习专题-介词(共28张)课件

1、中考英语语法专题-介词12022/10/2中考英语语法专题-介词12022/9/27介词的定义：介词为虚词，是一种用来表示词与词或词与句之间的关系的词，在句中不能单独做句子成分。介词的位置：在形容词、动词之后，名词前或后。22022/10/2介词的定义：介词的位置：22022/9/27 时间介词1at，in，on表示时间点用at，如：at six oclock，at noon，at midnight。表示在某个世纪、某年、某月、某个季节以及早晨、上午、下午、晚上时用in，如：in May，in winter，in the morning，in the afternoon等。表示星期、节日、具体

2、某一天和某一天的上午、下午、晚上时用on，如：on Monday，on July 1st，on Sunday morning等。32022/10/2 时间介词32022/9/27巩固运用：1.at six oclock, at noon, at that time, at half past three, at mid-night _2.on Sunday, on New Years Day, on March 21st, on my birthday on the afternoon of May 1, on a cold morning_3. in three days, in a wee

3、k, in a month, in May, in 1998, in a century _表示点钟或具体一点时间用 at表示具体的某一天用 on表示表示周、月、季节、年大于一天的时间用 in42022/10/2巩固运用：表示点钟或具体一点时间用 at表示具体的某一天用 in年in月in四季，日子前面却不行；遇到几号要用on, 上午下午有是in；要说某日上下午，用on换in才能行；正午深夜用at, at在黎明也不错。口诀（时间介词）52022/10/2口诀（时间介词）52022/9/272since，afterThey have lived here since 1978.自从1978年起，他

4、们就住在这儿。After five days the boy came back.五天后这个男孩回来了。62022/10/22since，after62022/9/273in，after，beforein与将来时态连用时，表示“过多长时间以后”的意思，后面跟表示一段时间的词语。对此提问用How soon。after与将来时态连用时，后面只能跟表示时间点的词语。after与过去时态连用时，后面才能跟表示一段时间的词语。before “在之前”如：He will be back in two months.他将在两个月后回来。He returned after a month.他一个月后回来了。7

5、2022/10/23in，after，before72022/9/274for，sinceHe has lived here for two weeks.他在这儿住了两个星期了。He has lived here since two weeks ago.他两周前就住这儿了。Its five years since he left school.他毕业五年了。82022/10/24for，since82022/9/27【例1】 What time do you usually go to school，Jack?_ about half past seven.AOn BIn CAt DFor点拨

6、：表示具体的时间点用at。【例2】 It is believed that _ December 21，1891，the first basketball game in history was played.Aon Bin Cat Dby点拨：表示具体的某一天用on。CA92022/10/2【例1】 What time do you usually【例3】 How long have you lived in the new flat?_ _ 2010.AIn BAfter CSince DBefore点拨：表示“自从起”应用介词since，后常接时间点或从句。C102022/10/2【例3

7、】 How long have you lived 方位介词1at，in，onHe arrived in Shanghai yesterday.昨天他到达上海。They arrived at a small village before dark.天黑前，他们到达了一个小村子。The teacher put up a picture on the wall.这个老师在墙上贴了一张画。112022/10/2方位介词112022/9/272over，above，onThere is a bridge over the river.河上有座桥。We flew above the clouds.我们在

8、云层上飞行。They put some flowers on the teachers desk.他们放了一些花在老师桌子上。122022/10/22over，above，on122022/9/273in，on，to从下图可以看出in表示“在某一范围之内，在中”；on表示两个不同的个体相邻或接壤，即“毗邻；接壤”；to则表示两个个体之间有一段距离。如：Japan lies to the east of China in the east of Asia.It faces the Pacific on the east.日本在亚洲东部(范围内)，中国东面(不接壤)，东临太平洋(接壤)。13202

9、2/10/23in，on，toJapan lies to the ea in front of in front of 表示在物体范围外的前面 前后Where is the duck?Do you know it?142022/10/2 in front of in front of 表示在物体 in the front of in the front of 表示在某一范围之内的前部 前后152022/10/2 in the front of in the front 4in front of，in the front ofin front of表示“在某人或某物的前面”，在某个范围以外；in

10、 the front of表示“在的前部”，在某个范围以内。如：There are some tall trees in front of the building.这栋大楼前有一些高树。The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom.老师坐在教室前面。162022/10/24in front of，in the front of15across，throughacross表示从物体表面通过，与on有关。through表示穿过一个空间，与in有关。如：The boy ran across the street.这个男孩跑过了街。They

11、 walked through the forest.他们穿过了森林。6below，underbelow “在下”，不一定在正下方。under “在正下方”。如：There is a dog under the desk.书桌下有一只小狗。Write your name below the line.在横线下方写下你的名字。172022/10/25across，through172022/9/277between，amongbetween指两者之间。among指三者或三者以上的人或事物之间。如：There is a map between the door and the window.门和窗

12、户之间有一张地图。He is sitting among the students.他坐在学生当中。【例4】 When and where were you born?I was born _ October 1st，1998 _ Nanjing.Aon；on Bin；in Con；in Din；on点拨：表示具体某一天用介词on；表示“在南京”用介词in。C182022/10/27between，amongC182022/9/27【例5】 Mrs.King put a coat _ _ _ the sleeping girl to keep her warm.Aover Bwith Cbeh

13、ind Dbeside点拨：由语境可知句意为“金太太把一件大衣盖在那个睡觉的小女孩身上来为她保暖”。【例6】 Did you go to Kenli during the Peach Blossom Festival(桃花节)?Yes.The flowers were beautiful.Bees were flying _ _ them.Ain Bamong Cbetween Dthrough点拨：由语境可知句意为“是的，那些花很漂亮。蜜蜂在它们中间飞来飞去”。AB192022/10/2【例5】 Mrs.King put a coat _ _ by 一般是交通工具的时候用 Eg. by ai

14、r by bus 2) in 后面一般是跟语言 Eg. in English in Chinese 3) with 一般后跟具体的工具 Eg. catch the bag with you hands 4) on 主要是通讯 Eg. on the telephone on the internet方式介词by，with，in，on【例7】 You see，Kevin is writing _ _ his left hand.Aat Bas Cfor Dwith点拨：句意为“你瞧，凯文正在用左手写字”。D202022/10/2by 一般是交通工具的时候用 方式介词by，with，【例8】 Whe

15、n I got into the room，Sue was talking _ the phone.Awith Bon Cto Din点拨：用电话在交谈，介词应用on。B212022/10/2【例8】 When I got into the room1动词介词arrive in/at到达ask for请求do well in在方面做得好give up放弃preferto 宁愿选择；更喜欢regardas 把看做thanks to幸亏；由于think about考虑try on试穿(衣服，鞋等)laugh at嘲笑learn from向学习介词固定搭配222022/10/21动词介词介词固定搭配

16、222022/9/272介词名词in time 及时on time 准时in front of 在前面at home 在家in English 用英语at night 在晚上with a smile 带着微笑at first 首先at last 最后on ones way to 在某人去的路上at the same time 同时by hand 用手，手工，亲手232022/10/22介词名词232022/9/273介词与形容词、过去分词和动词等搭配be born in 出生于be good at 擅长be made of 由制成be angry with sb.生某人的气be angry a

17、t sth.为某事生气be surprised at对感到惊奇(诧异)be used to doing 习惯于干be tired of 讨厌；厌倦be interested in对感兴趣be proud of 以自豪(骄傲)be full of 充满take care of照顾；关心；保管be busy with忙于be strict with sb.对某人严格要求catch up with跟上，赶上have nothing to do with与无关242022/10/23介词与形容词、过去分词和动词等搭配242022/9/271I hope the train will arrive on

18、 time，but its _ my control.Awithin Bwithout Cunder Dbeyond2My friend，Susan，was born _ September 12th，1999.Ain Bat Con Dfor3I often go to the cinema with my parents _ Saturday.Aat Bby Con Din4A persons life is like a road _ lots of difficulties.Yes，so we need positive energy.Aby Bwith Calong DduringDCCB252022/10/21I hope the train will arrive8She sold h