高中英语-高考语法复习动词时态和语态复习(共72张)课件

1、高考语法复习动词时态和语态1高考语法复习动词时态和语态1一.一般现在时1.一般用法:1表示现在经常性或习惯性的动作。时间状语: every, sometimes, often, always. e.g. He often _(go) to the cinema.2表示现在的能力、特征、职业等 。e.g. He _ (sing) well.（能力）3表示客观真理、科学事实 、格言等。e.g. Knowledge _ (be) power. （客观真理）goessingsis2一.一般现在时goessingsis22.特别用法: 1时间、条件、让步状语从句中, 主将从现原则.e.g. I will

2、 write to her when I_(have)time. Next time Ill do as he _(say).2表示按规定、时间表 、计划或安排要发生的动作, 用一般现在时表将来.e.g. The train _(leave) at 12:00.havesaysleaves32.特别用法: 2表示按规定、时间表 、计划或安排要发生的基本构成：主动语态：动词原形 或 v. - s/es (三.单)beleavesam / is / aree.g. He _ (leave) early every morning.She is a good girl and _(study) ha

3、rd.dodoeshavehasgogoesstudystudiesstudiesMy father _ (go) home late every day.goes4基本构成：主动语态：动词原形 或 v. - s/es (三.e.g. Oh, I _ (bite) by a snake. 被动语态：am/ is / are + doneam bittenThe child _ (take) good care of.Many books _ (sell) in the bookstore every year. are soldis takenWe often clean the table.

4、 (变被动语态)5e.g. Oh, I _ (bite) by 二.一般过去时态（did式）:1.基本用法:1表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态. 时间状语：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now等 e.g. He _(buy) the computer five years ago.2) 表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作.e.g. We often _(play) together when we were children. 注:表示过去习惯性的动作,可用would, used to, e.g. He

5、used to go to work by bus.boughtplayed6boughtplayed62.特别用法: (了解) 过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气: 1) 动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等: e.g. I wondered if you could help me. 能不能帮我一下。 2) 情态动词 could, would。 e.g. Could you lend me your bike? 能借用一下你的自行车吗？77基本构成：主动语态：v - edbeleftwas / weree.g. He _ (leave) early ever

6、y morninglast year.My father _(go) home late yesterday.do / doeshave/ hasgo/ goesstudy / studiesstudiedWhen I was young, I _ (study) hard.wentdidhadwentstudiedbuybought8基本构成：主动语态：v - edleftwas / weree.g. He _ (bite) by a snake just now. 被动语态：was / were + donewas bittenWhen he was a child, he _ (take

7、) good care of.Many books _ (sell) in the bookstore two years ago. were soldwas takenShe _ (praise) by her teacher.was praised9e.g. He _ (bite) by a s三.一般将来时:1. will + 动词原形 表示纯粹的将来e.g. He _(be) 19 years old next week.e.g. You forgot to turn off the light. - Oh, so I did. I _(go) and turn it off.e.g.

8、 The radio says it _ (be) sunny tomorrow.will bewill gowill be10三.一般将来时:1. will + 动词原形 表示纯be going to + 动词原形（2种常见用法）1) 强调打算计划做某事e.g. I _(write) a novel next year.e.g. He _(buy) a big house in 2020.am going to writeis going to buy2) 表示有迹象表明要发生.e.g. Look at the clouds. It looks as if it _ (rain).is go

9、ing to rain11be going to + 动词原形（2种常见用法）1) 强3. be + to do 常表示有义务应该做.e.g. I work as a baby-sitter so I _ (take ) good care of the baby.am to take有时也表示注定要. 或打算.e.g. Your plan _(be) a failure.is to be e.g. We _ (discuss) the report next Saturday.are to discuss123. be + to do 常表示有义务应该做.e.g4. be about to

10、do . (when) 正要做.的时候，正在那时发生了.e.g. I _ (go) out when the telephone rang.was about to go了解：be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来的时间状语连用。e.g. I was about to explain _ she interrupted me.when134. be about to do . (when) 被动语态结构：will + be done 将要被.e.g. The problem _ (discuss) tomorrow.will be discu

11、ssede.g. The work _(finish) next Sunday.will be finished14被动语态结构：will + be done 将要被. 翻译1. 上海位于中国东部。（lie in）2. 地球是圆的。3. 她每天早上7点离开家去学校。4. 地球围绕太阳转 。5. 他们想要好工作。6. 这项工作我不满意。（satisfy）7. 我喜欢古典音乐 。15 翻译1. 上海位于中国东部。（lie in）15Shanghai lies in the east of China.2. The earth is round.3. I leave home for school

12、at 7 every morning.4. The earth moves around the sun.5. They want good jobs.6. This work does not satisfy me.7. I love classical music.16Shanghai lies in the east of C8. 太阳从东方升起在西方落下。9. 比尔盖茨是世界上最富有的人。当他小的时候，他喜欢玩电脑游戏。10. 他今天上午没上课。11.我昨天感到很累，因为我打篮球了。12. 今天早上我迟到了。13. 如果明天不下雨， 我将去远足。14. 十年后， 我将会有一个快乐的家庭

13、，过上幸福的生活。 178. 太阳从东方升起在西方落下。178. The sunrises in the east and sets in the west. 9. Bill Gates is the richest man in the world. When he was young, he liked to play computer games. 10. He didnt have classes this morning.11. I felt very tired last night because I played basketball.12. I was late this m

14、orning.13. If it doesnt rain tomorrow, I will go hiking.14. Ten years later, I will have a happy family and live a happy life.188. The sunrises in the east an15. 我相信我们会成功的，只要我们努力。16. 他打算明年夏天去国外。17. 现在很多人说英语。（主动、被动）18. 这扇窗户昨天被打破了。19. 这项工作将于2015年完成。1915. 我相信我们会成功的，只要我们努力。1915. I believe we will succee

15、d as long as we work hard.16. He is going to go abroad next summer.17. Nowadays many people speak English. English is spoken by many people nowadays.18. The window was broken yesterday.19. The work will be finished in 2015.2015. I believe we will succeed 高考题探究：1. I dont know if he _. If he _, Ill le

16、t you know. A. will come; will come B. comes; comes C. will come; comes D. comes; will comeC21高考题探究：1. I dont know if he _2. -Kate has come back home from her long holidays abroad. -Oh, really? I_ . _ visit her. A. didnt know; Ill go and B. dont know; Ill go and C. dont know ; Im going to D. didnt k

17、now; Im going toA222. -Kate has come back home 3. Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time ? Yes, since she _ the Chinese Society. A. has joined B. joins C. had joined D. joined4. The wet weather will continue tomorrow when a cold front _ to arrive. A. is expected B. is expecting C. expects D. wil

18、l be expectedDA233. Have you known Dr. Jackso5. If the weather had been better, we could have had a picnic. But it _ all day. A. rained B. rains C. has rained D. is raining6. If their marketing plans succeed, they _ their sales by 20 percent. A. will increase B. have been increasin C. have increased

19、 D. would be increasingAA245. If the weather had been bet7. John promised his doctor he _ not smoke, and he has not smoked ever since. A. might B. should C. could D. would.8. Have you read book called Waiting for Anya? Who _ it? A. writes B. has written C. wrote D. had writtenDC257. John promised hi

20、s doctor he过去将来时常用在宾语从句中，表示过去的将来e.g. She said she _ (wait) for us at the train station.would waite.g. They told us that the trees _ (plant) soon.would be plantedwould + dowould + be done26过去将来时常用在宾语从句中，表示过去的将来e.g. She 现在进行时:基本构成：am/is/are + doing 基本用法：1. 表示说话时正在发生的事情。e.g. We_ (have) a meeting.are ha

21、ving2. 表示现阶段正在进行的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。（表示现阶段一直在） e.g. He _(teach) in a school. is teaching27现在进行时:基本构成：am/is/are + doing 基3. 表示趋向性动词用现在进行时表将来.e.g. I _ (leave) tomorrow.am leaving4. 现在进行时与always/constantly / continually等连用,表示称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩e.g. Shes always helping others.翻译：她总是帮助别人。283. 表示趋向性动词用现在进行时表将来.am l

22、eaving被动语态：结构：am/is/are + being done 正在被.Youd better not choose this road. The bridge _ (build).is built B. builds C. is being built D. is buildingC29被动语态：结构：am/is/are + being done基本构成：was/were + doing 过去进行时基本用法：1. 表示过去某一时间/时段正在进行的动作。e.g. When he came in, I _ (remember) English words. was rememberin

23、g-Hey, look where you are going!-Oh, Im terribly sorry._. (99 N)A. Im not noticing B. I wasnt noticingC. I havent notice D. I dont notice30基本构成：was/were + doing 过去进行时基本用2. 过去进行时与always/constantly / continually等连用,表示过去对主语称赞、惊讶、厌恶等。 e.g. He was continually asking her questions after class. 3. 趋向性动词用在宾

24、语从句中，表示过去将来要发生的动作。e.g. He said that he _ (come) to see you the next month.was coming312. 过去进行时与always/constantly / c被动语态：结构：was/ were + being done 过去正在被e.g. The tool _ (make) when I got there.was being made 32被动语态：结构：was/ were + being done将来进行时结构： will be + doing基本用法:表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作.When I get home

25、at 9:00 tomorrow, my son will be watching TV.33将来进行时结构： will be + doing基本用法:试题探究：1. You were out when I dropped in at your house. Oh, I _ for a friend from England at the airport. A. was waiting B. had waited C. am waiting D. have waited34试题探究：1. You were out when I2. E-mail, as well as telephone, _

26、 an important part in daily communication. A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. Play3. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _ so rapidly A. is changingB. has changed C. will have changedD. will changeAA352. E-mail, as well as telephon4. - Excuse me,

27、Sir. Would you do me a favor? - Of course. What is it? - I _ if you could tell me how to fill out this form A. had wondered B. was wondering C. would wonder D. did wonder5. The church tower which will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished A. has restored B. has been restored C. is re

28、storing D. is being restoredBD364. - Excuse me, Sir. Would y6. A new cinema _ here. They hope to finish it next month A. will be built B. is built C. has been built D. is being builtD7. Have you handed in your schoolwork yet? Yes，I have. I guess it_now. A. has graded B. is graded C. is being graded

29、D. is gradingC376. A new cinema _ here. Th8. The telephone，but by the time I got indoors，it stopped. A.had rungB.was ringing C.ringsD.has rungB9. Teenagers_ their health because they play computer games too much. A.have damaged B.are damagingC.damaged D.will damageB388. The telephone，but by the Home

30、work：1. Rainforests _ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future. A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cutC2.Whats that noise?Oh, I forgot to tell you.The new machine. A. was testedB. will be tested C. is being testedD. has been testedC39Homework：

31、1. Rainforests _ 3. I walked slowly through the market, where people _ all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed. A. sell B. were selling C. had sold D. have soldB4. Have you got any job offers? No.I_. A. waited B. had been waiting C.have waited D.am

32、 waitingD403. I walked slowly through the5. Has Sam finished his homework today? I have no idea. He _ it this morning. A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done6. Did you see a man in black pass by just now? No, sir. I a newspaper. A. read B.was reading C.would read D.am reading415. Has Sam finish

33、ed his homew15Is there anything wrong，Bob? You look sad.Oh，nothing much.In fact，Iof my friends back home.A.have just thoughtB.was just thinkingC.would just thinkD.will just be thinking答案 B42154217.It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home.Oh， dont mention it. Ipast your house anyway.A.wa

34、s comingB.will comeC.had comeD.have come答案 A解析 句意为：“你让我搭便车回家真是太好了。”“噢，不用客气，反正我当时正好经过你家。”此处用过去进行时表示过去某个时间内正在进行的动作。4317.43基本构成： have / has done四.现在完成时基本用法:1表示一个动作发生在过去,已经完成,且对现在造成影响或结果. e.g. He has left the city. （结果:他不在这个城市）Someone has broken the window.（结果: 窗户仍破着）44基本构成： have / has done四.现在完成时2表示一个动

35、作从过去持续到现在,且可能继续持续下去或可能到此结束.e.g. Great changes have taken place in the past ten years.She has taught in the school for ten years. 452表示一个动作从过去持续到现在,且可能继续She has “since + that从句（从句中用一般过去时）”，则主句中用现在完成时.用现在完成时的典型场合:1“since过去时间点”, 句中用现在完成时.e.g. I _ (not see)her since last week.havent seene.g. I _ (not kn

36、ow) her since I was seven years old.have known46 “since + that从句（从句中用一般过去时）”，用2句中有so far, in /during the past / last. years, for + 时间段，up to now, by now 等时间标志词。 e.g. Up to now, there _ (be)no news.has been(2009全国) Progress _ so far very good and we are sure that the work will be finished on time.Awa

37、s Bhad beenChas been Dwill beC472句中有so far, in /during the pa3) 现在完成时还常和以下词连用：just(刚刚)、recently(最近)、before(以前)，never(从不)，already(已经)，yet(已经)等 。e.g. I _ (finish) my homework yet. I am busy with it.havent finishede.g. They have just left.483) 现在完成时还常和以下词连用：just(刚刚)、rece3“It/This/That is the first （sec

38、ond/third）timethat从句”或“It/This/That is the onlythat从句”或“It/This/That is the 最高级 that从句” e.g.493“It/This/That is the first （It/This/That is the first time that I have come to Zhejiang.It/This/That is the only party that I have ever really enjoyed in my life.It/This/That is the most interesting book t

39、hat I have ever read.（注:以上句型把is改为was,则从句时态相应改为过去完成时态）50503.现在完成时与一般过去时态的区别:1)现在完成时强调对现在的影响或结果,而一般过去时态强调这一个动作发生的时间是过去。2）一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday, last week，ago, in1980, in October, just now等，皆为具体的时间状语。现在完成时的时间状语：for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/u

40、ntil, up to now, in past years, always等，皆不确定的时间状语。共同的时间状语：this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 等513.现在完成时与一般过去时态的区别:51 e.g.Ive lived here for ten years. （现在仍住在这儿 ） I lived here for ten years. （现在不住在这儿 ）He has bought a house. （现在已拥有这房子） He bought a house. （现在拥不拥有这房子,不知道,只

41、是知道买了房子,现在可能拥有也可能卖掉了）52 e.g.52五.现在完成进行时（have/has been v-ing）1.一般用法:表示现在以前一段时间里一直在进行的动作,这一动作可能仍在进行,也可能已停止,e.g. It has been raining since two days ago.-Isnt it hard to drive downtown to work?-Yes, thats why I _ to work by train.have been goinghave gonewas going towill have gone53五.现在完成进行时（have/has bee

42、n v-ing六.过去完成时（had p.p.）1.表示过去的过去 时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once e.g.I had hardly opened the door when he hit me. 用好过去完成时,关键在于理解它的时间是“过去的过去”。2.want /think/hope/plan/mean/expect/intend/suppose等动词的过去完成时不定式的一般式（等于这些动词的一般过去式后接不定式的完成式）,表示过去未曾实现的愿望、打算、想法等e.g.I had meant to come, but something h

43、appened.（ I meant to have come, but something happened. ）I had intended to speak at the meeting, but time didnt permit. （ I intended to have spoken at the meeting, but time didnt permit. ）54六.过去完成时（had p.p.）543.一些特殊句型中的过去完成时:1“It/This/That was the first （second/third）timethat从句”或“It/This/That was th

44、e onlythat从句”或“It/This/That was the 最高级 that从句”2by（ the end of ) / by the time 过去时间, e.g. We had learnt 3,000 words by the end of last term. By the time he came back, we had repaired the machine.3no sooner than ; hardly /scarcely when No sooner had he gone to the garden than his son went to play wit

45、h his classmates. Hardly had he heard the news when he cried.553.一些特殊句型中的过去完成时:55七.将来完成时（will/shallhave p.p.）1.表示到将来某一时间为止会完成的动作,e.g. When we get there, shell have gone to work.2.by（ the end of ）将来时间, e.g. We will have learnt 3,000 words by the end of next term. By the time he comes back, we will ha

46、ve repaired the machine.3.与用一般现在时态表示将来一样,时间状语从句和条件状语从句须用现在完成时表将来,e.g. Ill go with you when I have finished my work.等我完成工作以后我就同你去。5656八.现在进行时（ bev-ing ）:1. 表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生的事情。e.g. Were having a meeting. （说话时正在进行的动作）2. 表示现阶段正在进行的动作或表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。 He is teaching in a school. （目前这个阶段正在进行的动作

47、）3. 现在进行时表示将来, 表示按计划或安排要发生的动作,e.g. Im leaving tomorrow.57八.现在进行时（ bev-ing ）:57语态被动语态的构成方式：be/ get + 过去分词注意1. 主动变被动时，宾补成主补（位置不变）；（作补语的）不定式前需加to。The boss made him work all day long. He was made to work all day long(by the boss)2. 短语动词变被动语态时，勿要掉“尾巴”。Your pronunciation should be paid attention to.3. 当句子

48、的谓语为say、believe、expect、think、know、write、consider、report等时，被动语态有两种形式:（A）谓语动词用被动语态，动词不定式作主补。（B）用it作形式主语，真正的主语在后面用从句来表示。如：He is said to be a smart boy. It is said that he is a smart boy.58语态.58不用被动语态的情况 1. 不及物动词或不及物动词短语无被动语态。 例如：（错） The price has been risen.（对） The price has risen.（错） The price has rai

49、sed.（对） The price has been raised.（错） Please seat.（对） Please be seated. 要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。2. 系动词无被动语态，如appear, be, become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn等。例如： It sounds good. 听上去不错。 59不用被动语态的情况 59主动形式表示被动意义 1.表示主语特征、状态的动词wash, clean, c

50、ook, iron, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell等。例如： The book sells well.这本书销路好。2.be to blame(受谴责)，be to rent（出租）也用主动形式表被动。例如： I was to blame for the accident. 事故发生 了，我该受指责。3.在need, require, want, worth （形容词）, deserve后 例如： The door needs repairing. = The door needs to be repaired. 门该

51、修了。60主动形式表示被动意义 604. 在“be + 形容词 + to do”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动代被动。 This kind of water isnt fit to drink. The girl isnt easy to get along with.5. 用来做定语和被修饰的名词有动宾关系，又和另一名词或代词有主谓关系的动词不定式。 I have something to tell you.614. 在“be + 形容词 + to do”中，不定式的逻1.Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasnt stopped r

52、inging. People_to ask how I am going to spend the money.phone B. will phone C. were phoning D. are phoning2.-Im sorry, but you are fined $50! You know you_ 120 km an hour, dont you ?A. are driving B. were driving C. have driven D. had drivenDB621.Since I won the big prize, m3. They_ on the program f

53、or almost one week before I joined them, and now we _on it as no good results have come out so far.A. had been working, are still working B. had worked, were still workingC. have been working, have workedD. have worked, are still working A63A634. -You are drinking too much . -Only at home . No one _

54、 me but you .is seeing B. had seen C. sees D. saw5. The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945, and their power_increased enormously ever since. A. is B. was C. has been D. had been6.Who is Jerry Cooper? -_ ? I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting.A. Dont you meet him yet B. Hadnt you met

55、him yetC. Didnt you meet him yet D. Havent you met him yetcCD644. -You are drinking too mu7. By the time Jane gets home, her aunt _ for London to attend a meeting. A. will leave B. leaves C. will have left D. left8. The crazy fans_patiently for two hours, and they would wait till the movie star arri

56、ved. A. were waiting B. had been waiting C. had waited D. would wait9. -I hear Janes has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday. -Oh, how nice！Do you know when she_ ? A. was leaving B. had left C. has left D. left CBD657. By the time Jane gets home,10. I dont know if he _.If he _, Ill let you know.

57、 A. will come; will come B. comes ; comes C.will come ; comes D. comes ; will come11. -Kate has come back home from her long holidays abroad.-Oh, really ?I_ . _ visit her.A.didnt know; Ill go and B.dont know; Ill go and C.dont know ; I,m going to D.didnt know; I m going toCA6610. I dont know if he _

58、.I12.I really dont think ketty will mind it,but youd better go and see her in case she _. A.does B.do C.will mind D. has minded13.-How are the team playing? -They are playing well ,but one of them _hurt. A. got B.gets C.are D.were 14.Dont disturb her. She _ letters all the morning and has finished eight. A. was writing B. has written C. has been writing D. wroteAAC6712.I really dont think ketty 15.In my opinion, all Mr. White _ good to his students in his class at present. He is very strict in their study.A. d