高考英语二轮专题复习：完形填空专题(共21张)课件

1、完形填空专题（一）2020届高三二轮专题复习完形填空专题（一）2020届高三二轮专题复习考纲摘录 完形填空主要考查考生在阅读理解的基础上运用词汇的能力。共20小题，每小题1.5分。在一篇约250词的短文中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题所给的4个选项中选出最佳选项，使补全后的短文意思通顺，前后连贯，结构完整。考纲摘录 完形填空主要考查考生在阅读理解的基础短文特点卷别年份短文长度体裁卷别年份短文长度体裁卷别年份短文长度体裁卷2019252说明文卷2019271记叙文卷2019242记叙文2018268记叙文2018260记叙文2018261记叙文2017255记叙文2017256记叙文201725

2、6记叙文长度：约250词体裁：多为记叙文内容：传播知识，传递正能量，可读性较强。(2019) 主要报道挪威小镇利用高科技设备改善其一年中几乎半年无法得到阳光直射的现状。(2019) 介绍了乞力马扎罗山的环境污染以及当地机构努力治理之后环境的改观。(2019)讲述Ehlers帮助素不相识的人找回走失的宠物狗的故事。短文特点卷别年份短文长度体裁卷别年份短文长度体裁卷别年份短文卷 201920182017单词名 词775动 词6811形容词433副 词111词组或短语2(动)1正确答案分布555555555555卷 2019201820175398109342222(1动)1555555555555

3、卷 201920182017567897544212(动)555555555555考点分析1. 四种词类2. 四个选项的语法形式一致。3. 四个选项的意义相差很大。4. 正确选项中A、B、C、D的个数均等，都为5个。命题揭秘卷 201920182017名 词775动 词完形填空需要的三种技能会阅读能看懂会选择predicting, skimming, scanning, careful reading文章中心；语篇结构；整体理解；逻辑线索：故事情节、人物情感 还原文章原貌；突出文章中心完形填空需要的三种技能会阅读能看懂会选择predicting对短文意思理解不到位没有在上下文中找到解题线索缺乏

4、清晰的解题思路和方法先完意，再完形!SOLUTION 1. 通读全文，理解大意。缺乏词汇积累2. 根据语境，初选答案。3. 复读全文，解决难题。4. 利用规律，不留空格。四个解题步骤忽视语境 先易后难！DIFFICULTY 对短文意思理解不到位没有在上下文中找到解题线索缺乏清晰的解题一个基本方法 完形填空中的任何一题该选哪个选项，在文中必有依据。因此，解答完形填空最基本的方法就是根据空格前后所提供的信息，结合常识进行适度的推理，作出符合逻辑的判断，从而选出正确的答案。可归纳为：完形每题必有据，上下求索找信息。 有的空格的答案信息点在空格前，有的在空格后，有的在前文和后文都有出现，需要综合起来考

5、虑或起相互印证的效果。如： 解题方略一个基本方法 完形填空中的任何一题该选哪个选项(2019全国卷) Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They bring with them lots of waste. The 42 might damage the beauty of the place.42. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters(2019全国卷) Ehlers eventuall

6、y succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with 49 . It just started licking (舔) Ehlers face.49. A. surprise B. joy C. hesitation D. anxiety(2017全国卷) The story began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club 47 their translation of a song. Both the

7、hand movements and the very idea of communicating without speaking attracted me. 47. A. recorded B. performed C. recited D. discussed1. 根据上文信息。2. 根据下文信息。3. 根据上下文信息。人群快乐BC表演B(2019全国卷) Every year about 40(2019全国卷) Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that 45 dog. So, four days later, he called his friend

8、 Greg, and the two drove back A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one 50 as lost in the local paper. 45. A. injuredB. stolenC. lostD. rescued 注意：虽然绝大多数题只需根据空格所在句的前后信息或空格前后句提供的信息就可以选出正确答案，但有的题的答案信息，可能出现在与空格相差几句之遥，甚至在下一段或更远处。如：C此为举例用，不必堂上做！(2019全国卷) Back home, Ehlers w六个微技能将相关信息和我们原有的生活经验、文化

9、背景知识，以及科普常识等结合起来，进行简单推理，从而得出正确答案。事实上，该技巧与“逻辑推断”常常交织在一起，因为虽有背景常识，仍需简单推理；逻辑推理离不开背景常识。如：(2019全国卷) The crowds might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers (冰川) are disappearing, changing the 43 of Kilimanjaro.43. A. position B. age C. face D. name地貌C1. 背景常识六个微技能将相关信息和我们原有的生活经验、文化背景知识，以及六个微技能词语复现是指

10、某一个词以原词，或同义词(如decide与determine)、同源词(如ill与illness)、上下义词(如flower与rose)、反义词(如wrong与right)等方式在同一语篇中重复出现的现象。词语复现是语篇衔接的一个重要手段，我们可以借助这一衔接手段解答完形填空题。如：(2019全国卷) However, I soon discover that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 46 among tons of rubbish. I find a clean mountain, with toile

11、ts at camps and along the paths.46. A. equipmentB. grass C. campsD. stones2. 词语复现原词复现（原词复现）六个微技能词语复现是指某一个词以原词，或同义词(如decid六个微技能2. 词语复现(2017全国卷)While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through thi

12、s 41 process and found something41. A. searchingB. planning C. naturalD. formal近义词复现探索(2010大纲卷) It can set up a warm conversation between two people far apart; it can keep a 22 with very little effort And with that one letter we became friends again.22. A. recordB. promiseC. friendshipD. secret同源词复现

13、(2016全国卷)Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport, I figured it all out. Ranis 39 her warm smile, her nods, her Im here for you attitude 39. A. forgiveness B. eagernessC. friendliness D. skillfulness下义词(具体行为)（同/近义复现；同源词复现；上下义复现）上义词(概括)六个微技能2. 词语复现(2017全国卷)While hi六个微技能某些语义相关联的词语在语篇中有同时出现的倾向

14、性，叫词语同现。也有人将相关联的一群词称之为“词场”。同现词之间有反义或相对关系，或者同类互补关系等。如ill、hospital、doctor、nurse、operation、medicine、patient等一群相互关联的词语就有同时出现在一个语篇中的可能性。如：3. 词语同现(2019全国卷) Mountains are regarded as spiritual places by many cultures. This view is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 53 go through five ecosystems (生态系统) in

15、 the space of a few kilometers.53. A. scientistsB. climbers C. localsD. officials句意：在乞力马扎罗，登山者(climbers)在几公里的空间里穿越五种生态系统。六个微技能某些语义相关联的词语在语篇中有同时出现的倾向性，叫六个微技能4. 逻辑关系（因果、转折、对比、递进、让步、并列、条件与结果 ）(2017全国卷) In 1973, I was teaching elementary school. Each day, 27 kids entered “The Thinking Laboratory”. That

16、was the name students voted for after deciding that “Room 104” was too 43 .43. A. small B. dark C. strange D. dull(2019全国卷) The environmental challenges are significant but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 49 .49. A. paying offB. spreading out C. blowing upD. fadin

17、g away前后为转折关系展开，伸开爆炸逐渐消失取得成效学生认为“Room 104”教室太 (无趣)，所以把教室的名字叫做“思想实验室”。果因DA句意为：来自环境的挑战虽然很重大，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局的努力似乎正取得成效。六个微技能4. 逻辑关系（因果、转折、对比、递进、让步、并列六个微技能4. 逻辑关系（因果、转折、对比、递进、让步、并列、条件与结果 ）(2017全国卷)I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 58 , if there had been any talking, it would have caused

18、us to learn less. 58. A. Lastly B. Thus C. Instead D. However句意：恰恰“相反(Instead)”，如果交流中有讲话(即有声语言)的参与，这势必让我们少学习一些手语。前后形成对比C(2017全国卷)and received thousands of e-mails, including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallaghers with the right passports. “More 51 , there are hundreds of Canadians who are intereste

19、d in writing their name to Elizabeth Gallagher,” Axani said51. A. interesting B. annoying C. satisfying D. convincing句意：很多加拿大人为了拿到机票，竟然想把名字改为Elizabeth Gallagher，Axani觉得这更“有意思(interesting)”。表后面为递进关系A六个微技能4. 逻辑关系（因果、转折、对比、递进、让步、并列六个微技能5. 语法知识 仅2016年涉及到连词、人称代词和限定词等语法知识。(2016全国卷) Suddenly, he saw a car

20、with its bright lights on. 43 he got closer, he found 44 vehicle upside down on the road.43. A. SinceB. AlthoughC. AsD. If44. A. eachB. anotherC. thatD. hisThey told her to stay still until the emergency personnel arrived, 53 she thought the car was going to explode.53. A. forB. soC. andD. but(2016全国卷) When we were finally safe on the other side, he said to me, “You know, I didnt tell you this during the season, but you did fine. Thank you for filling in for 56 .”56. A. us B. yourself C. me D. them六个微技能5. 语法知识 仅2016年涉及到连词、人称代词和六个微技能主要指动词与介词的搭配、动