北京市第四中学高中英语语法学案定语从句基本规则

1、语法精讲-定语从句北京四中孙玲定语从句基本规则1.做题原则:.找_.看_在_中做什么成分。2.介词后不能够用that指物，而应用_；不能够用who指人,而应用_._不用于非限制性定语从句。关系代词若是指代的是整个主句，应用_关系代词+介词=_定语从句关系词1.关系代词_(六个)?作用：1）把主句和从句连接起来；2）在从句中代替它前面的先行词；3）在从句中充当句子成分。i.that和which?1.在定语从句中必定用that的情况1）当先行词是不定代词much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone时?你还有什么为自己辩解

2、的吗？?Doyouhaveanythingthatyouwanttosayforyourself?2)当先行词前面被theonly,thevery,any,few,little,no,all等词修饰时，如1.Becauseofmypoormemory,all_youtoldmehasbeenforgotten.?2.Thisistheveryletter_camelastnight.?3)当先行词是形容词最高等或先行词前面有形容词最高等修饰时，如Thisisthebestthathasbeenusedagainstpollution.4).当先行词是序数词或它前面有序数词修饰时，如：Thetr

3、ainisthelastthatwillgotoSuzhou.?5).当先行词既有人又有物时?Doyouknowthepersonsandthingsthattheyaretalkingabout?6)当主句的主语是which或who时?Whichisthebikethatyoulost?7).有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词宜用which,别的一个宜用that,如Theysecretlybuiltupasmallfactory,whichproducedthingsthatcouldcausepollution.8)当先行词在主句中做表语，而关系代词在从句中也做表语时，Shanghaiis

4、nolongerthecitythatitusedtobe.在定语从句中必定用which的情况?1).在非限制性定语从句中，只用which,不用that?Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,_,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.?D.what?2).当动词短语中的介词提前时，只用which,不用that?Theinvention_shespent2yearswilldogoodtotheworld.?边讲边练?1.Isthereanything_youdontunderstandabouttheproble

5、m?2.Hewaslatefortheopeningceremony,_wasverysurprisingtome.3.关系代词who/whom/whose?1).在定语从句中作主语用_,_省略?2).在定语从句中作宾语用_,_省略?3).在定语从句中作定语用_,_省略?表示某人的whose=ofwhom表示某物的whose=ofwhich?Thisisthehousewhosewindowbrokelastnight.?=Thisisthehouse,thewindowofwhichbrokelastnight.?=Thisisthehouse,ofwhichthewindowbrokela

6、stnight.边讲边练用关系代词who,whom,that或whose填空1.LuXun,_realnamewasZhouShuren,wrotemanypoliticalnovelsandessays.2.Theman_youmetjustnowismyoldfriend.3.Theman_iswalkingontheplaygroundismyoldfriend.?4.介“词+关系代词”引导的定语从句?1).介词放在关系代词前，关系代词只能用which或whom,关系代词不能够省略。IsthisthehouseinwhichShakespearewasborn?Inthedarkstre

7、et,therewasntasinglepersontowhomshecouldturnforhelp.?2).在限制性定语从句中，当介词位于定语从句尾端时，可用that/which(物),that/whom/who（指人）作介词的宾语，且关系代词能够省略。?Thisistheherothat/who/whomweareproudof.?Thisisthepenthat/whichIwrotetheletterwith.关系副词?when,where,why,howIstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.?Theyhavereachedthepo

8、intwheretheyhavetoseparatewitheachother.?Doyouknowthereasonwhyheisabsent?ThatsthewayhowIlearnEnglish.6.关系代词和关系副词差异when=in,at,during+whichwhere=in,at,on,under+whichwhy=for+whichhow=in+which?1.Doyourememberthosedays_wespentalongtheseashoreveryhappily?A.whenB.whereC.D.who?2.Dontforgettheday_youenteredB

9、eijingNo.4HighSchool.?3.AfterlivinginParisfor40yearshereturnedtothesmalltown_边讲边练用that,when,why,where,which填空?1.Iwanttoknowthedate_youwereborn.?1.Iwanttoknowthedatewhenyouwereborn.?2.Ihaverememberedthename_Iforgotjustnow.?2.Ihaverememberedthenamewhich/thatIforgotjustnow.3.Doyouknowthereason_heisabse

10、nttoday?4.Thatisthereason_Iwanttoknow.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句差异?限制性：对先行词起修饰限制作用?非限制性：对先行词起补充说明作用，先行词与定语从句有逗号隔开.?Hereturnedhomesafeandsoundafterafiercebattle,_wasD.it先行词对定语从句中的动词的限制?1).oneof+复数名词+关系代词+动词复数?HeisoneoftheteacherswhoknowFrenchinourschool.?2)theonlyoneof+复数名词+关系代词+动词单数?HeistheonlyoneoftheteacherswhoknowsFrenchinourschool.?3)nottheonlyoneof=oneof?Tomisnttheonlyoneoftheboyshavewhopass