2009年试卷外国语214英语外

1、PAGE PAGE 10青岛大学2009年硕士研究生入学考试试题科目代码： 214 科目名称：英语(外)（共10 页）请考生写明题号，将答案全部答在答题纸上，答在试卷上无效I. Vocabulary and structure (30%)Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked (A), (B), (C) and (D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sent

2、ence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. Sometimes, very young children have trouble _fact from fiction andmay believe that such things actually exist.A) for separating B) to separate .C) having separated D) separating2. The second book was _ by August 1952, but two years late

3、r, the end was still nowhere in sight.A) completed B) to have completedC) to complete D) to have been completed3. Whatever the causes, English at the end of the 20th century is more widely spoken and written than any other language _.A) ever was B) had ever beenC) has ever been D) would ever be4. In

4、 this experiment, they are wakened several times during the night and asked to report what they _.A) had just been dreaming B) have just been dreamingC) are just dreaming D) had just dreamt5. It is of the utmost importance that you _here on time.A) be B) shall be C) are to be D) must be6. He might h

5、ave been killed _ the arrival of the police.A) except for B) but for C) with D) for7. These figures are not consistent _ the results obtained in previous experiments.A) to B) with B) for D) in8. The animal has a brain which is nearest _.A) in mans size B) in size to manC) in size to mans D) to the s

6、ize in man9. The problem of _ to select as his successor was quickly disposed of.A) what B) whom C) which D) how10. Britains press is unusual _it is divided into two very different types of newspaper: the quality press and the popular press.A) in how B)in what C)in which D)in that11. Some companies

7、have introduced flexible working time with less emphasis on pressure _.A) than more on efficiency B)and more efficiencyC) and more on efficiency D)than efficiency12. He often sat in a small bar drinking considerable more than _.A) he was in good health B) his health was goodC) his good health D) was

8、 good for his health13. All the parts of this washing machine are _, so that it is very convenient to replace them.A) normalized B)modernized C)mechanized D)standardized14. I was _ by their kindness and moved to tears.A)preoccupied B)embarrassed C)overwhelmed D) counseled15. In many cultures people

9、who were thought to have the ability to _dreams were likely to be highly respected.A)interpret B)intervene C) inherit D)impart16. The person who _ this type of research deserves our praise.A)originated B) manufactured C)generated D)estimated17.All students in this university are requested to _ with

10、the regulations.A) yield B)comply C)submit D)consent18. My boss has always attended to the _ of important business himself.A) transaction B)stimulation C)transition D) solution19. When he applied for a _in the office of the local newspaper he was told to see the manager.A) location B)profession C)ca

11、reer D) position20. Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, whereas the behavior of an animal depends mainly on _ .A) consciousness B)impulse C) instinct D)response21. Theres a whole _ of bills waiting to be paid.A) stock B)stack C) number D) sequence22. To be an inventor, one needs profound

12、 knowledge as well as a very_ imagination.A) vivid B) bright C) living D) colorful23. In Scotland, as in the rest of the United Kingdom _schooling begins at age 5 and ends at age 16.A) compelling B) forced C) obliged D) compulsory24. It is a common theme in many fiction stories that the world may on

13、e day be _by insects.A) broken in B) run over C) taken over D) filled in25. A large part of human activity, particularly in relation to the environment, is _conditions or events.A) in response to B) in favour ofC) in contrast to D) in excess of26. David likes country life and had decided to _ farmin

14、g.A) get along with B) get back onC) set hold of D) go in for27.We are _ faced with the necessity recognize that more people implies a lower standard of living.A) readily B) smoothly C) inevitably D) deliberately28. Some people criticize family doctors for _too many medicines for minor illnesses.A)

15、prescribing B) ordering C) advising D) delivering29. Communication is the process of _a message from a source to an audience via a channel.A) transmitting B) submitting C) transforming D) switching30. Dogs are often praised for their _; they almost never abandon their masters.A) faith B) loyalty C)

16、trust D) truthfulnessII. Cloze(10%)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked (A), (B), (C) and (D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer

17、Sheet.Most children with healthy appetites are ready to eat almost anything that is offered them and a child rarely dislikes food 31 it is badly cooked. The 32 a meal is cooked and served is most important and an 33 served meal will often improve a childs appetite. Never aska child 34 he likes or di

18、slikes a food and never 35 likes and dislikes in front of him or allow 36 else to do so. If the father says he hates fat meat or the mother 37 vegetables in the childs hearing he is 38 to copy this procedure. Take it 39 granted that he likes everything and he probably 40 . Nothing healthful should b

19、e omitted from the meal because of a 41 dislike. At meal times it is a good 42 give a child a small portion and let him 43 back for a second helping rather than give him as 44 as he is likely to eat all at once. De not talk too much to the child 45 meal times, but let him geton with his food, and do

20、 not 46 him to leave the table immediately after a meal or he will 47 learn to swallow his food 48 he can hurry back to his toys. Under 49 circumstances must a child be coaxed 50 forced to eat.31. A) if B) until C) that D) unless32. A) procedure B) process C) way D) method33. A) adequately B) attrac

21、tively C) urgently D) eagerly34. A) whether B) what C) that D) which35. A) remark B) tell C) discuss D) argue36. A) everybody B) anybody C) somebody D) nobody37. A) opposes B) denies C) refuses D) offends38. A) willing B) possible C) obliged D) likely39. A) with B) as C) over D) for40. A) should B)

22、may C) will D) must41. A) supposed B) proved C) considered D) related42. A) point B) custom C) idea D) plan43. A) ask B) come C) return D) take44. A) much B) little C) few D) many45. A) on B) over C) by D) during46. A) agree B) allow C) force D) persuade47. A) hurriedly B) soon C) fast D) slowly48.

23、A) so B) until C) lest D) although49. A) some B) any C) such D) no50. A) or B) nor C) but D) neitherIII. Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked (A),

24、(B),(C) and (D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage:Researchers have established that when people are mentally engaged, biochemical changes occur in the brain that allow it to act more effec

25、tively in cognitive(认知的) areas such as attention and memory. This is true regardless of age. People will be alert (警觉的) and receptive (接受能力强的) if they are faced with information that gets them to think about things they are interested in. And someone with a history of doing more rather than less wil

26、l go into old age more cognitively sound than someone who has not had an active mind.Many experts are so convinced of the benefits of challenging the brain that they are putting the theory to work in their own lives. The idea is not necessarily to learn to memorize enormous amounts of information, s

27、ays James Fozard, associate director of the National Institute on Aging. Most of us dont need that kind of skill. Such specific training is of less interest than being able to maintain mental alertness. Fozard and others say they challenge their brains with different mental skills, both because they

28、 enjoy them and because they are sure that their range of activities will help the way their brains work. Gene Cohen, acting director of the same institute, suggests that people in their old age should engage in mental and physical activities individually as well as in groups. Cohen says that we are

29、 frequently advised to keep physically active as we age, but older people need to keep mentally active as well. Those who do are more likely to maintain their intellectual abilities and to be generally happier and better adjusted. The point is, you need to do both. Cohen says,” Intellectual activity

30、 actually influences brain-cell health and size.51. People who are cognitively healthy are those _.A) who can remember large amounts of informationB) who are highly intelligentC) whose minds are alert and receptiveD) who are good at recognizing different sounds52. According to Fozards argument, peop

31、le can make their brains work more efficiently by _.A) constantly doing memory work B) taking part in various mental activitiesC) going through specific training D) making frequent adjustments53. The findings of James and other scientists in their work _.A) remain a theory to be further provedB) hav

32、e been challenged by many other expertsC) have been generally acceptedD) are practised by the researchers themselves54. Older people are generally advised to _.A) keep fit by going in for physical activitiesB) keep mentally active by challenging their brainsC) maintain mental alertness through speci

33、fic trainingD) maintain a balance between individual and group activities55. What is the passage mainly about?A) How biochemical changes occur in the human brain.B) Why people should keep active not only physically but also mentally.C) How intellectual activities influence brain-cell health.D) Why p

34、eople should receive special mental training as they age.Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage: Attention to detail is something everyone can and should do-especially in a tight job market. Bob Crossley, a human-resources expert notices this in the job applications that come cross hi

35、s desk every day. Its amazing how many candidates eliminate themselves, he says. Resumes(简历) arrive with stains. Some candidates dont bother to spell the companys things at the cost of something larger they work toward. To keep from losing the forest for the trees, says Charles Garfield, associate p

36、rofessor at the University of California, San Francisco, we must constantly ask ourselves how the details were working on fit into the larger picture they dont, we should drop them and move to something else. Garfield compares this process to his work as a computer scientist at NASA. The Apollo II m

37、oon launch was slightly off-course 90 percent of the time, says Garfield. But a successful landing was still likely because we knew the exact coordinates of our goal. This allowed us to landing was still likely because we knew the exact coordinates of our goal. This allowed us to make adjustments as

38、 necessary. Knowing where we want to go helps us judge the importance of every task we undertake. Too often we believe what accounts for others success is some special secret or a lucky break(机遇). But rarely is success so mysterious. Again and again, we see that by doing little things within our gra

39、sp well, large rewards follow.56. According to the passage, some job applicants were rejected _.A) because of their carelessness as shown in their failure to present a clean copy of a resumeB) because of their inadequate education as shown in their poor spelling in writing a resumeC) because they fa

40、iled to give a detailed description of their background in their applicationsD) because they eliminated their names from the applicants list themselves57. The word perfectionists (Para. 3) refers to those who _.A) demand others to get everything absolutely rightB) know how to adjust their goals acco

41、rding to the circumstancesC) pay too much attention to details only to lose their major objectivesD) are capable of achieving perfect results in whatever they do58. Which of the following is the authors advice to the reader?A) Although too much attention to details may be costly, they should not be

42、overlooked.B) Dont forget details when drawing picturesC) Be aware of the importance of a task before undertaking it.D) Careless applicants are not to be trusted.59. The example of the Apollo II moon launch is given to illustrate that _.A) minor mistakes can be ignored in achieving major objectivesB

43、) failure is the mother of successC) adjustments are the key to the successful completion of any workD) keeping ones goal in mind helps in deciding which details can be overlooked60. The best title for this passage would be _.A) Dont Be a Perfectionist B) Importance of AdjustmentsC) Details and Majo

44、r Objectives D) Hard Work Plus Good LuckQuestions61 to 65 are based on the following passage: Britain almost more than any other country in the world must seriously face the problem of building upwards, that is to say of accommodating a considerable proportion of its population in high blocks of fla

45、ts. It is said that the Englishman objects to this type of existence, but if the case is such, he does in fact differ from the inhabitants of most countries of the world today. In the past our own blocks of flats have been associated with the lower-income groups and they have lacked the obvious prov

46、isions, such as central heating, constant hot water supply, electrically operated lifts from top to bottom, and so on, as well as such details, important notwithstanding (然而), as easy facilities for disposal of dust and rubbish and storage places for baby carriages on the ground floor, playgrounds f

47、or children on the top of the buildings, and drying grounds for washing. It is likely that the dispute regarding flats versus (对, 对抗) individual houses will continue to rage on for a long time as far as Britain is concerned. And it is unfortunate that there should be hot feelings on both sides whene

48、ver this subject is raised. Those who oppose the building of flats base their case primarily on the assumption (设想)that everyone prefers an individual home and garden and on the high cost per unit of accommodation. The latter ignores the higher cost of providing full services to a scattered communit

49、y and the cost in both money and time of the journeys to work for the suburban resident.61. We can infer from the passage that _.A) English people, like most people in other countries, dislike living in flatsB) people in most countries of the world today are not opposed to living in flatsC) people i

50、n Britain are forced to move into high blocks of flatsD) modern flats still fail to provide the necessary facilities for living62. What is said about the blocks of flats built in the past in Britain?A) They were mostly inhabited by people who did not earn much.B) They were usually not large enough t

51、o accommodate big families.C) They were sold to people before necessary facilities were installed.D) They provided playground for children on the top of the buildings.63. The word rage means _.A) be ignored B) develop with great forceC) encourage people greatly D) be in fashion64. Some people oppose

52、 the building of flats because _.A) the living expenses for each individual family are higherB) it involves higher cost compared with the building of housesC) they believe people like to live in houses with gardensD) the disposal of rubbish remains a problem for those living in flats65. The author m

53、entions that people who live in suburban houses _.A) do not have access to easy facilities because they live away from the cityB) have to pay a lot of money to employ people to do service workC) take longer time to know each other because they are a scattered communityD) have to spend move money and

54、 time travelling to work every dayQuestions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage: Where do pesticides (杀虫剂) fit into the picture of environmental disease? We have seen that they now pollute soil, water, and food, that they have the power to make our streams fishless and our gardens and woodla

55、nds silent and birdless. Man, however much he may like to pretend the contrary, is part of nature. Can he escape a pollution that is now so thoroughly distributed throughout our world?We know that even single exposures to these chemicals, if the amount is large enough, can cause extremely severe poi

56、soning. But this is not the major problem. The sudden illness or death of farmers, farm workers, and others exposed to sufficient quantities of pesticides are very sad and should not occur. For the population as a whole, we must be more concerned with the delayed effects of absorbing small amounts o

57、f the pesticides that invisibly pollute our world. Responsible public health officials have pointed out that the biological effects of chemicals are cumulative (积累的) over long periods of time, and that the danger to the individual may depend on the sum of the exposures received throughout his lifeti

58、me. For these very reasons the danger is easily ignored. It is human nature to shake off what may seem to us a threat of future disaster. Men are naturally most impressed by diseases which have obvious signs, says a wise physician, Dr. Rene Dubos, yet some of their worst enemies slowly approach them

59、 unnoticed.66. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the sentence Man, .is part of nature.?A) Man appears indifferent to what happens in nature.B) Man acts as if he does not belong to nature.C) Man can avoid the effects of environmental pollution.D) Man can escape his responsibilities for

60、environmental protection.67. What is the authors attitude to wards the environmental effects of pesticides?A) Pessimistic. B) Indifferent C) Defensive D) Concerned68. In the authors view, the sudden death caused by exposure to large amounts of pesticides _.A) is not the worst of the negative consequ