初三非谓语动词用法总结计划

1、、非的概在句子中充当除以外的句子成分的形式叫做非。它不受人称和数的限制。用法一.不定式todo否定形式：nottodo1.做主不定式作主，常用it作形式主，而将真实的主放在句末，其构：It+be+adj.+(for/ofsb.)+不定式,且在kind,good,nice,clever等表示人的品的形容后，不用for而用of.TolearnEnglishwellisuseful.ItisusefultolearnEnglishwell.Itsimportantforustoprotecttheenvironment.不定式作主常表示详尽的或一次性的作。.Itisdifficulttoplayth

2、isgame.不定式作主常表示目的或一件未完成的事。.Hehopestobecomeauniversitystudentthisyear.做一般不做介，只能做某些的，常的是表示命令，打算或希望的，如：wouldlike,want,wish,hope,decide,plan,expect,agree,learn,happen等。.wouldyouliketoseeafilmthisevening?2.在find,think后跟不定式做，常用it代替，而将真实的放在句末。.IfinditeasytoreadEnglisheveryday.3.常的一些不to的不定式，whynotdo,hadbett

3、er(not)do,wouldratherdo,could/would/willyouplease(notdo).Iwouldratherstayathome.作表多数情况下，不定式做表，可做主。.Myworkistocleantheroomeveryday.Tocleantheroomismyworkeveryday.4.做定不定式做定，要放在所修的后边。它与名有上的关系。Haveyougotanythingtosay?若是是不及物，且与所修的之有关系，要在不定式后加上合适的介。Thereisnothingtoworryabout.3.不定式常和疑what,which,when,where,

4、how用相当于一个从句。Hedidntknowwheretogo.(=whereheshouldgo)足1.不定式做足与有上的主关系。tell,ask,want,allow,get,wouldlike,encourage后常跟不定式作足。MymotheroftenencouragesmetolearnJapanese.2.有些使役和感官也用不定式做。不定式要省略(feel)、二听(hear,listento)、三(make,let,have)at,notice)、五帮助(help)。但被，必加上toto。些有：一感、四看(see,watch,look。Myfriendsweremadetowo

5、rkthewholenightbytheboss.做状做目的状语只能用不定式IwenttothelibrarytostudyEnglish.不定式做结果状语，表示发生在先后的两个动作，或表表示想不到或事与愿违的结果前平时加only或never.动名词v-ing1.做主语动名词作主语谓语动词用单数。.Doingeyeexercisesisgoodforyoureyes.动名词作主语常表示一般或抽象的行为；.Collectingstampsisfun.(一般)动名词作主语常表示一件已知的事或经验;.Skatingisveryinteresting.(经验)在Itisnouse(good),nota

6、nyuse(good),useless等后一般用动名词。.ItisnogoodlearningEnglishwithoutpractice.2.做宾语能做动词/介词宾语：Ilikeplayingbasketballverymuch.(动词宾语)Stampsareusedforsendingletters.（介词宾语）说明：表示一般的习惯或抽象行为或经常性的动作。注意：英语中有一些动词后边常跟动名词做宾语。初中阶段常有：finish,enjoy,mind,miss,beworth,practice,havefun,havetrouble/problem(in),spend,feellike,be

7、/getusedto,lookforwardto,payattentionto等。作表语多数情况下，不定式做表语，可变换为做主语。.Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.Collectingstampsishishobby.4.做定语只表示它所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等。置于修饰词从前。Weshouldimproveourteachingmethods.Theswimmingpoolisverybig.分词现在分词：v-ing过去分词：v-ed做表语现在分词作表语，表示主语的性质、特色.Thesituationisencouraging.过去分词作表语，表示某种状态.Thebo

8、yistoofrightenedtomove.做定语现在分词作定语，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的词Doyouknowthegirlstandingunderthetree?过去分词作定语，其逻辑宾语是它所修饰的词Pleasehandinyourwrittenexercises.3,做补足语现在分词作补足语，被补足的宾语或主语是它的逻辑主语（即主动关系）Iheardhimsingingintheclassroom.过去分词作补足语，被补足的宾语或主语是它的逻辑宾语（即被动关系）Hellhavehishaircutafterschool.注意：现在分词和不定式做宾补的差异：常有的动词有see,watc

9、h,notice,hear,feel,have等，他们接不带宾补，表示已经完成了的或经常性的动作；现在分词作宾补，表示动作正在进行。Iheardhimsingintheclassroom.(动作已结束to的不定式做4.做状语平时情况，做陪同状语用现在分词Thestudentswentoutoftheclassroom,talkingandlaughing.现在分词作结果状语，表示陪同着谓语动词的发生而产生的结果。Hewasfired,killingoneofthepassers-by.二、动词后接不定式和动名词的差异liketodosth.表示心理或一次性的详尽动作likedoingsth.（

10、近似的还有表示习惯性动作love,hate）begin/starttodosthbegin/startdoingsth.1)谈及一项长远活动或开始一种习惯时，使用doing.Howoldwereyouwhenyoufirststartedplayingthepiano?你几岁时开始弹钢琴？2)begin,start用进行时时，后边动词用不定式Iwasbeginningtogetangry。todo我开始生起气来。3)在begin,start后接know,understand,realizeIbegintounderstandthetruth。这类动词时，常用不定式todo。我开始理解真相。4)

11、物作主语时Itbegantomelt.感官动词+doing/todo感官动词see,watch,notice,lookat,hear,listento,smell,taste,feel+do表示动作的完满性，真实性；+doingIsawhimworkinthegardenyesterday.表示动作的连续性，进行性昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(重申我看见了这个事实)Isawhimworkinginthegardenyesterday.昨天我见他正在花园里干活。（重申我见他正干活这个动作）典型例题1）Theyknewherverywell.Theyhadseenher_upfromchildho

12、od.A.growB.grewC.wasgrowingD.togrow因题意为，他们看着她长大，因此重申的是成长的过程，dosth的句型。而非正在长的动作，因此用seesb2）Themissingboywaslastseen_neartheriver.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplay本题重申其动作，正在河边玩，因此用seesb.doingsth句型间接宾语指用作宾语的是人，直接宾语则指物，两者都作为某个动词的宾语，因此地址能够互换。如：givemethebook间接宾语为“me”,直接宾语为“thebook”，都用作“give”的宾语，也可说giveth

13、ebooktometeachhimalesson间接宾语“him”，直接宾语“alesson”，用作“teach”的宾语,也可说teachalessontohim宾语补足语就是跟在宾语后边起补充说明的成分，例子：但不用作宾语，地址不能够抽换。看下面的Givemethebooktoreturnittothelibrary.”：“把书给我，我要拿去还给图书馆。thelibrary补充说明的部分就是“toreturnitto”“我要拿去还给图书馆”就是补充说明为什么要“把书给我”的原由。Teachhimalessontoshuthimup.中的“toshuthimup”也是补足成分：好好教训他一顿，

14、让他住嘴。非谓语动词练习1.Areyouenjoying_inShaanxi?Yes,Iam.Verymuch.A.toliveB.livingC.livesD.lived2.Itstoohot.Wouldyoumind_thewindow?Ofcoursenot.Pleasedoitnow.3.Couldyougiveusahand,please?Sure.Whatwouldyoulikeme_?A.doB.doesC.todoD.doing4.Somuchworkusuallymakeshim_verytired.A.tofeelB.feelsC.feelingD.feel5.Shefee

15、lslike_TV.A.watchesB.watchC.watchingD.towatch6.Wouldyouplease_somewaterwithyou?Itssohottoday,andyoullfeelthirsty.A.totakeB.takeC.nottakeD.taking7.Pleasestop_arestifyoufeeltired.A.tohaveB.havingC.haveD.has8.Youdbetter_footballinthestreet.A.notplayB.playingC.nottoplayD.play9.Remember_himaboutitbeforeh

16、egoesaway.Sure,Iwill.A.tellB.totellC.tellingD.totelling10.Wemustkeeptheclassroom_.A.cleanB.tocleanC.cleaningD.cleaned11.Imsorrytohavekeptyou.Itdoesntmatter.Ivejustcome.A.waitB.waitedC.waitingD.towait12.Itisbettertoteachamanfishingthan_himfish.A.togiveB.givingC.offindD.finding13.Jackseemslikeagoodstu

17、dent.Heisalwaysthefirst_hiswork.A.finishesB.finishingC.finishedD.tofinish14.Ioftenhearher_thissongintheclassroomafterclass.A.singB.tosingC.singingD.sings15.Theyarebusy_theoldcar.A.withmendB.mendC.tomendD.mending16.Wedontknow_itnext.LetsgoandaskMr.Li.A.whattodoB.todowhatC.whethertodoDtodowhetherkindyouare！Youalwaysdowhatyoucan_me.A.helpB.helpingC.tohelpD.helps18.WaterParkisagoodplace_.A.tohavefunB.havefunC.havingfunD.tohaveafun19.HaveyouseentheTVplayMyUglyMother?Yes,itswell