高考虚拟语气课件

1、虚拟语气主讲：Sarah预习作业精讲 13. (05全国) - Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York? - I agree, but the problem is _ he has refused to. A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that C. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what 知识拓展 1、 It +be + 形容词 + that （should）句型中常用虚拟语气，即should

2、 +动词原形，should 可以被省略。 2、用于该句型的形容词有：necessary, urgent, important, right, wrong, better, natural, proper, funny, strange, surprising,vital等。预习作业精讲 22. （07陕西）I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I _ have driven her there. A. could B. must C. might D. should 解析：should have done表示“本应该做某

3、事而实际上未做”。知识拓展musthave done推测 一定（已经）may/might have done推测 可能（已经）could have done推测 可能（已经）虚拟本可以做却没做预习作业精讲 29.（04全国）Lets finish our homework in a few seconds; its time we _. A. played football B. will play football C. play football D. are playing football 解析：容易误选C选项。 should不可省知识拓展 It is (about, high) ti

4、me that . ( that从句用虚拟语气 )常译为是（正是） 的时侯 注意： 常用过去时态表示虚拟 也用should+动词原形， 但是should不能省 It is time that he left. = It is time that he should leave. 语气的分类 陈述语气：表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。 祈使语气：表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。 虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。 虚拟语气与高考 虚拟语气是历年高考的选考考点。高考对虚拟语气的命题重点通常为在特定语境中考查虚拟

5、语气中的含蓄虚拟条件句, 混合时间条件句, 虚拟中的倒装句以及名词性从句中的谓语动词等。好题引路 （02上海）It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. A. were to fall B. had not fallen C. should fall D. wouldnt have fallen 解析：主句表现在，但是if从句的时间 状语表过去，所以要用过去完成式

6、。考点一错综时间虚拟条件句条件从句的分类 名称 假设的情况 语气 真实条件句 可能发生 陈述语气 虚拟条件句 不存在或不 虚拟语气 太可能发生 虚拟条件句的形式 与现在事实相反从句：did (be动词用were)主句：would (could/should/might) + 动词原形 If I were you, I would tell him the truth.虚拟条件句的形式 与过去事实相反从句：had done主句：would (could/should/might) + have done If I had known your telephone number yesterday

7、, I would have telephoned you.高考链接 （09天津）This printer is of good quality. If it _ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense. A. would B. should C. could D. might 解析：if条件句对将来的虚拟, should do / were to do / did错综时间虚拟条件句 当主从句时间不一致时，通常运用错综时间条件句。if从句用过去完成时（指过去行为），而主句用would + do 形式

8、（指目前状态）。 You would be much better now if you had taken my advice then. 假如你（当时）接受了我的意见，你现在就会好得多。 考点二事实和虚拟的混合事实和虚拟的混合 （1）前一个分句用虚拟语气, 而由but连接的后一个分句描述实际情况。 I would have gone to visit him in the hospital, but I was fully occupied the whole of last week.比一比 （09江苏） He did not regret saying what he did but

9、felt that he _it differently. A. could express B. would express C. could have expressed D. must have expressed 解析：前半截为事实，但but之后是 原本没有发生的事情，故需用虚拟， 表示过去本可以做某事。事实和虚拟的混合 （2） 主句为虚拟，但从句描述的 为事实。 I would have been very sorry if I had known that your parents were ill at that time。 （该句整体使用的是虚拟语气, 宾语 从句用的是陈述语气

10、，“父母病了” 是客观事实。）高考链接（06福建） If it were not for the fact that she_sing, I would invite her to the party. A.couldnt B.shouldnt C.cant D.might not 解析：the fact后的同位语从句 表示真实情况，不用虚拟语气。考点三含蓄条件句什么是含蓄条件句 当假设的情况没用条件从句表示，而是用其它方式来表示，这样的表达方式就叫含蓄条件句。含蓄条件句的常见情况 （1）用with, without，but for等介词短语来替代条件从句, 它们可以转换成由if引导的虚拟条件

11、句。 We might have died without your help. =We might have died if you hadnt helped us. 直击高考 （09福建）But for the help of my English teacher, I would _ the first prize in the English Writing Competition. A. not win B. not have won C. win D. have won 解析：but for = if it were not for/ if it had not been for含

12、蓄条件句的常见情况（2）用 or, otherwise, but that, suppose / supposing (that), provided / providing (that) 等 连词结构引导的虚拟语气。 You didnt come yesterday, or you would have seen him.典型例题 （预习作业20）He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _ a goal. A. would have scored B. scored C. would score D. h

13、ad scored 解析：“犹豫”发生在过去，故“得 分”这个虚拟动作也发生在过去。好题引路 (01上海) What would have happened _, as far as the river bank? A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther 解析：从主句时态判断，这是 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。 考点四省略if的虚拟条件句知识要点 当虚拟条件句中有 were, had （助动词）或 should 时，可省

14、略 if，并把were, had 或should 放在句首。 if I were you were I you if he should fail this time should he fail this time if you had been here earlier had you been here earlier 好题引路 (01上海) What would have happened _, as far as the river bank? A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob wal

15、ked farther D. if Bob walked farther 说明：had Bob walked farther = if Bob had walked farther 高考链接 （06湖北）_ you be fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. A. Would B. Should C. Could D. Might 解析：从选项分析，本题考查 了虚拟语气的倒装和省略。好题引路 （01全国）I was really anxious about you. You _ h

16、ome without a word. A. mustnt leave B. shouldnt have left C. couldnt have left D. neednt leave 解析：从时态判断, 应该用 “情态动词 +have done”形式; 从句意区分B和C。考点五含情态动词的虚拟形式知识回顾musthave done推测 一定（已经）may/might have done推测 可能（已经）could have done推测 可能（已经）虚拟本可以做却没做表示对过去所发生的事情的遗憾或责备 结构 意义 should (not)/ ought（not） to have done

17、 neednt have done 本来应该做却没做/ 本来不应该做却做了 本不必要做却做了直击高考 （08江苏） Im sorry. I _ at you the other day. Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself. A. shouldnt shout B. shouldnt have shouted C. mustnt shout D. mustnt have shouted mustnt：禁止 时态不对比较 （08重庆） I cant find my purse anywhere. You _ have lost it whil

18、e shopping. A. may B. can C. should D. would 解析：注意区分情态动词在推 测和虚拟中的用法。好题引路 Johns pale face suggested that he _ ill, and his parents suggested that he _a medical examination. A. be, should have B. was, have C. should be, had D. was, has 解析：suggest表示“表明，暗示”时， 宾语从句不用虚拟语气；表示“建议”时，要用虚拟语气：(should) + do。考点六名

19、词性从句中的 虚拟语气 表示“建议、要求、命令、主张” 等意义的动词或名词，和名词性 从句连用，从句中要用虚拟语气， 即(should) do形式。 动词：suggest, request, demand, require, propose, order, insist 名词：suggestion, demand, order, proposal, advice 用法一Doctors suggested that the students (should ) have more exercise.2. It is suggested that the students (should ) ha

20、ve more exercise.3. The suggestion that the students (should) have more exercise is very good. 4. Doctors suggestion is that the students (should ) have more exercise.直击高考 （08全国）My daughter insists _ in this school. A. that she would not study B. studying not C. that she not study D. not to study 解析

21、：insist: “坚持要求”, 从句用 虚拟；“坚持说”, 从句不用虚拟。用法二 It is vital that we _ act out at once to protect the environment. A. would B. should C. will D. can 解析：It is vital/important/strange/ necessary/natural/surprising that 从句中, 从句运用(should) + do。 高考链接 （03全国）Its urgent that a meeting _ before the final decision i

22、s made. A. will be arranged B. must be arranged C. be arranged D. would be arranged 省略了should 动词wish后面所接的宾语从句通常表示一种没有实现的愿望，需用虚拟语气，要分成三个不同的时段。 时段 wish后从句时态 现在过去时（be的过去式用were） 过去 过去完成时（had done） 将来 would/could/should/might +do 用法三 wish宾语从句 I wish I were as tall as you. 我希望和你一样高。He wished he hadnt said

23、 that. 他希望他没讲那样的话。I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。经典回顾 I wish I _ you yesterday. A. seen B. did see C. had seen D. were to see 解析：与过去事实相反的愿望, 所以应该用过去完成时。注意 Any information about your son? No. If only I _ those tough words to him. A. didnt say B. couldnt have said C. shouldnt have said D. h

24、adnt said 规则：if only 后接句子要用虚拟语气。 与wish从句用虚拟的规则一样。 解析：与过去相反，用过去完成时态。比较 only if ：“只有”，用于条件从句 if only ：“要是就好”，一般单独使用 I wake up _ the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。_ the alarm clock had rung. 当时闹钟响了，就好了。 only ifIf only考点七 特殊句式中的虚拟语气经典回顾 Whenapencilispartlyinaglassof water, itlooksasifit_. A.breaksB. hadbeenbroken C.werebroken D. hasbroken 句意：当铅笔部分没入玻璃杯的水中, 看起来好像是折断了。 解析：as if 引导与现在事实相反的句 子, 要用虚拟语气, 即一般过去式形式 (be动词用 were）。as if 虚拟语气用法 时间 从句时态 与现在相反 一般过去时 （be用were） 与过去