版中考英语语法复合句

1、人教版中考英语专项练习复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。主句为句子的主体，从句可是做句子的一个成分。依照从句在句子中的作用，能够把从句分为名词性从句（主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句），定语从句和状语从句（时间，地点，原因，条件，退步，方式，比较等）三类。一.宾语从句1.宾语从句依照引导词的不相同分为三各种类由that引导的宾语从句，其中that不做成分，可省略。Weallknew(that)weshouldlearnfromeachother.由if/whether引导的宾语从句。Pleasetellmeif/whetheryouhavebeentoAmeri

2、ca.由who,where,how等连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。CanyoutellmehowIcangettothenearestpostoffice?2.宾语从句“三关”引导词关注意：whether与if的差异只用whether的情况在介词后边Wedontthinkaboutwhetheritwouldrainthenextday.在动词不定式前Theyaskedmewhethertositatthefront.当与ornot连用，或提出两种选择时MaryaskedwhetherIwasdoingmyhomeworkornotatthattime宾语从句提前时Whetherthisi

3、strueornot,Icantsay在动词discuss后的宾语从句中Wediscussedwhetherweshouldhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.引导表语从句或位于句首的主语从句用whetherThequestionwaswhetherhewenttherelastnight只用if的情况引导否定看法的宾语从句时HeaskedmeifIhadtfinishedmyhomework引导条件状语从句时，if意为“若是”Wellgohikingifitdoesntraintomorrow语序关宾语从句若为陈述句，语序不变宾语从句若为一般疑问句或特别疑问句，语序还原为陈

4、述语序时态关若是主句是现在的时态，从句时态据实质情况而定若是主句是过去某种时态，从句时态必然变成过去某时态注意：宾语从句表述的是客观真理，自然现象时，只能用一般现在时3.人称变化：4.从句简化当主句谓语动词是find,see,watch,hear等时，从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构，宾补为省to不定式或v+ing形式Shefoundthatthewalletlay/lyingontheground.Shefoundthewalletlie/lyingontheground.当主句谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,forget等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句简化为不定式结构Shea

5、greedthatshecouldhelpmewithmymaths.Sheagreedtohelpmewithmymaths.在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句简化为“连接代词/副词+不定式”结构CanyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Canyoutellmehowtogettothestation?否定转移若是主句的谓语动词是believe,think,guess,suppose等，且主句主语是一人称时，后边所接宾语从句的否定词平时前移到主句中。Idontthinkthatshecanfinishthisworko

6、ntime.注意：这种否定前移的宾语从句，在变成反意疑问句时，反意疑问句的主谓要与从句一致Idontthinkheisinterestedinthat,ishe?若是主句主语是二三人称时，宾语从句否定词不前移，反意疑问句反问主句Shethoughtthatfilmwasnotinteresting,didntshe?二状语从句1.时间状语从句常用when,as,while,before,after,since,till,until,assoonas等来引导。在时间状语从句中，平时用现在时态表示将来的作或状。在有till或until引的状从句的主从复合句中，若是主句用必然式，其含是“向到达”，只

7、能用延性。若是主句用否定式，其含是“直到才”,“在以前不”，可用瞬。Since引的状从句，主句用一般在或在完成，从句用去。While引的状从句的必是延，不能够是短性。as,when,while都表示主从句的作或状同生。同行，并表示比；生短，且由“一思。When可表示从句的作在主句的作as两作一”的意“以前”或“之后”生。While用于。Whenyouhavefinishedyourwork,youmayhavearest.2.条件状从句平时用if,unless引。在条件状从句中，平时用在表示将来的作或状。Imwaitingformyfriend.Ifshedoesntcome,Illgosho

8、ppingalone.3.原因状从句平时用because,since,as（由于）引。because表示直接原因，气最。because引的原因状从句多放在主句此后。回答由why提出的，只能用because。as和since气弱，一般用来表示明的原因。由as和since引的从句多放在句首。because和so不能够同出。Astheweatherissobad,wehavetodelayourmatch.4.果状从句由sothat,suchthat,sothat引。sothat与suchthat能够互。若是名前由many,much,little,few等修,只能用so.sothat句型的否定形式可

9、用句tooto或notenoughto代替such+形容+不能数名/复数可数名+thatsnch+a(an)+形容+数可数名+that=so+形容+a(an)+数可数名+thatLastnightJudyworkedsolatethatshedidntcatchtheearlybusthismorning.5.比状从句平时由asas,than等引Thoughtheplayerisoverthirty,hecanstillrunasfastassomeyoungplayers6.目的状从句平时用sothat,inorderthat引。sothat即可引目的状从句，又可引果状从句。区是：目的状从句

10、中经常有情can,could,may,might等，从意上看，目的状从句表示的目的很明确。Passthecakeroundsothateveryonecantakeapiece.7.步状从句平时由though,although,as等引。although,though与but不相同出。Thoughheisold,heisverystrong.8.地点状从句平时由where,wherever引导WhereverIamIwillbethinkingofyou.9.方式状语从句平时由as,asif,asthough等引导Alwaysdototheothersasyouwouldbedoneby希.望

11、别人怎样待你，你就怎样待人三定语从句指在主从复合句中充当定语的句子，在句中修饰名词、代词，常由关系代词which,that,who(m),whose及关系副词when,where,why等引导。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句放先行词后做后置定语1.当先行词表示人时，定语从句用关系代词that,who,whom引导。当先行词表物时，定语从句用关系词that或which。当关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略。that可指人，也可指物，在从句中可作主语，宾语。作宾语可省which指物，在从句中作主语，宾语，作宾语时可省，能够引导非限制性定语从句，有时可与that互换。who,whom,whose指

12、人，who在从句中做主语，whom在从句中作宾语，whose在从句中作定语Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.Thepackagewhich/thatyouarecarryingistooheavy.Pleasepassmethebookwhose/ofwhichcoverisgreen.2.当引导词在句中作状语时不能用that,which,who(m)等关系代词，而应用关系副词。表示时间用when,表示地点用where,表示原因用why。但这些关系副词可变换为“介词+关系代词”形式。Beijingistheplacewhere/inwhichIwasborn.其

13、他注意事项表示物时只能用that引导定语从句的情况当先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,muchnone,theone等不定代词时先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame等词修饰时（当先行词是人时，也可用关系代词who或whom）当先行词被形容词最高等或序数词修饰时当先行词同时含有物和人时主句中已有疑问词who或which时Whichisthebikethatyoulost?Whoisthewomanthatwas

14、praisedatthemeeting?表示物时只用which不用that的情况当关系代词前使用介词时在非限制性定语从句（即平时用逗号与主语分开，若去掉整个句子还可以表达完满心义的定语从句）中指人时，当先行词为everybody,anybody,everyone,anyone等时要用who,不用that一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that，另一个用whoTheboythatyoumetlastnightisthegroupleaderwhostudiesveryhard.其中一个关系代已用which，另一个用thatEdisonbuiltupafactorywhic

15、hproducedthingsthathadneverbeenseenbefore注意：关系代在定从句中作主，从句的数要和先行一致oneof+复数名+关系代+复数the(only)oneof+复数名+关系代+数TitanicisoneofthebestmoviesthathavebeenproducedinHollywood.Titanicisthe(only)oneofthebestmoviesthathasbeenproducedinHollywood四主从句在句中作主的名性从句叫主从句。主从句的平时用三人称数。主从句可直接位于句首。但如主从句，可用it充当形式主代替主从句，把主从句后置。

16、住以下主从句常用构：Itissaidthat据Itisreportedthat据道Itisannouncedthat.据宣布Itis(well)knownthat众所周知Itisbelievedthat人相信Itissupposedthat人希望Itishopedthat希望Itissuggestedthat有人建Itmustberememberedthat必住注意：有些情况下的复数和表保持一致Whatweneedaredoctorsandnurses.Whatweneedistime.五同位语从句同位语从句是对名词的内容恩赐详细详细的说明。常在后边接同位语从句的名词有fact,news,id

17、ea,truth,hope,suggestion,question,problem,doubt,fear,belief等。同位语从句引导词为that,有时依照需要也能够用when,where等Hisopinionthatwemusttakegoodcareofourearthsoundsreasonable.Theyhavenoideaatallwherehehasgone.注意:同位语从句的that在句中不作句子成分，也无词义，但不能够省。而定语从句中的that除了引导从句外，还是从句的一个成分，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省。六表语从句在句中作连系动词的表语的从句，位于主句中系动词后T

18、hatiswhyhedidntcometoschoolyesterday.练习1.Wellplaysnowmanitsnowsheavilythisafternoon.A.ifB.althoughC.unlessD.but2.Ididntknow_theycouldpasstheexamornot.A.whyB.whenC.thatD.whether3.IdontthinkBendidsuchastupidthing_?A.doIB.didIC.didheD.doeshe4.Newtonwasplayingunderanappletree_anapplefellontohisheadA.whe

19、nB.whileC.afterD.before5.ThedutyofProjectHopeistohelppoorchildren,isntit?Yes,ithasbuiltmanyschools_thosechildrencanstudyhappilyA.whereB.whenC.whichD.why6.DuringtheholidayIvisitedShaolinTemple_liesinthewestofZhengzhou.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.what7.JimsmotherlethimwatchTVafterhefinishedhishomework.（同义句）J

20、imsmother_lethimwatchTV_hefinishedhishomework.8.TheTVplayissointerestingthatweliketoseeitagain（改为同义句）Itis_interetingTVplay_weliketoseeitagain.9.WhenpeopleintheUnitedStateshaveguests(1)_whentheyareinvitedtoaget-together,theyusuallytrytomakeothersfeelcomfortable(2)_relaxed.Generally,theytendtobeinform

21、al.Menshakehands,(3)_usuallyonly(4)_theyareintroduced.Malefriendsandbusinessassociates(5)_haventseeneachotherforatimemayshakehands.Whenawoman(6)_amanareintroduced,shakinghandsisdecidedbythewoman.Americanwomenbecomemore(7)_moreindependent.Theygotoplacesbythemselves,earntheirownmoney,(8)_oftenlivealon

22、e,Sometimestheywillaskmenforhelp,(9)_theyusuallydontwanttobepeotected.Americanwomenmaystartconversationswithmen(10)_evenaskthemtodance.10.Inthedarkstreet,therewasntasingleperson_shecouldturnforhelpA.thatB.towhomC.fromwhomD.who11.Pleasepassmethedictionary_isblackA.itscoverB.whichcoverC.ofwhichthecove

23、rD.coverofwhich12.Thereareforty-fivestudentsinourclass,_arefromtheneardyvillagesA.one-thirdofwhoB.one-thirdofwhichC.one-thirdofthemD.one-thirdofwhom13.Thisisthestudent_youtookthemessageyesterday.A.whosefatherB.towhosefatherC.tohisfatherD.hisfather14.Thereisntmuch_IcandoA.whatB.whichC.thatD.how15.Tel

24、lusaboutthepeopleandtheplaces_aredifferentfromoursA.thatB.whoC.whichD.whom16.LastSundaytheyreachedQingdao,_aconferencewastobeheldA.whichB.thatC.whenD.where17.Isthisthemuseum_youvisitedtheotherday?A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone18.Thisistheveryfilm_IvelongwishedtoseeA.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom19.Thereisn

25、odifficulty_cantbeovercomeintheworldA.thatB.whichC.whoD.what20.Whoistheperson_isstandingatthegateofBeijingTourismTower?A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whom21.Thehouse_thecapitalistusedtoliveinisnowanurseryA.thatB.whereC.whatD.when22.Thehouse_weliveisnotbigA.inthatB.whichC.inwhichD.that23.单句改错Thisisthefactorywhe

26、rewevisitedlastweekThisisthewatchforwhichTomislookingThepersontowhoyouspokeisastudentofGradeTwoThehouseinthatweliveisverysmallThesungivesofflightandwarmth,thatmakesitpossibleforplantstogrow24.TheWTOcannotliveuptoitsname_itdoesnotincludeacountrythatishometoonefifthofmankind25.Johnshuteverybodyoutofth

27、ekitchen_hecouldpreparehisgrandsurpriseforthepartyA.whichB.whenC.sothatD.asif26.Hemadeamistake,butthenhecorrectedthesituation_itgotworse,A.untilB.whenC.beforeD.as27.-Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?-Yes.Hehadneverpraisedhim_hebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgradeA.afterB.unlessC.untilD.

28、when28.Youcaneatfoodfreeinmyrestaurant_youlikeA.wheneverB.whereeverC.whateverD.however29.Scientistssayirmaybefiveorsixyears_itispossibletothismedicineonhunmanpatientsA.siceB.afterC.beforeD.when30.Thishouseis_myfatherpaintedbyhimself.A.thatB.whichC.theoneD./test31._wecantgetseemsbetterthan_wehaveA.Wh

29、at,/B.What,thatC.That,thatD.That,what32.-WhatdidJackaskyoujustnow?-Hewantedtoknowhowlong_whenIreachedthecinemaA.hadthefilmbeenonB.thefilmhadstartedC.thefilmhadlastedD.hadthefilmended33.Idonthavetointroducehimtoyou_youknowtheboyA.untilB.unlessC.sinceD.but34._hamburgersarejunkfood,manychildrenlikethem

30、A.IfB.UnlessC.BecauseD.Although35.Weshoulddo_wecan_thoseendangeredanimalsA.that,tosaveB.which,saveC.that,saveD.what,tosvae36._yougo,_youdo,IwillberightherewaitingforyouA.If,ifB.Wherever,whateverC.where,what37.Ifyoudontgotothemallthisweekend,_A.hewill,tooC.neitherhewillB.hewont,eitherD.hedoesnt,eithe

31、r38.Iarrivedattheairport_theplanehadtakenoff.A.afterB.whileC.whenD.before40.Ourhometownisquitedifferentfrom_beforeA.thatitwasB.whatitwasC.whichitwasD.whenitwas41._shesucceededinfinishinghertasksremainsasecretA.WhatB.IfC.HowD.Who42.Isthisthereason_atthemeetingforcarelessnessinhiswork?A.heexplainedB.w

32、hatheexplainedC.howheexplainedD.whyheexplained43.Wearelivinginanage_manythingsaredoneoncomputerA.whichB.thatC.whoseD.when44._thedayswenton,theweathergotworseA.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As45.-Whatwasthepartylike?-Itsyears_IenjoyedmyselfsomuchA.afterB.whenC.beforeD.since46._youhavetriediton,youcantimagineho

33、wprettythenewstyleskirtis.A.BecauseB.AlthoughC.UnlessD.When47.IwontgotoherpartyunlessmybestfriendTom_A.willinviteB.willbeinvitedC.isinvitedD.invites48.Franklintoldthemall_tobeinBritainagainA.hewashowhappyB.howhappyhewasC.howwashehappyD.hewashappyhow49.Janeisoneofthestudentsintheclass_haveeverbeentoC

34、hina50.Istillrememberthetime_wespenttogetheratXisaiMountainlastyearA.whenB.whatC.whoD.which51.Mr.Smith_issmokingislookingfor_helostyesterdayA.whom;whichB.who;whatC.that;whoD.which;where52.Nobodyknows_A.howwillourfuturelooklikeB.whatwillourfuturebelikeC.howourfuturewilllooklikeD.whatourfuturewillbeli

35、ke53.Iwaschattingwithmyfriendsonthephone_mymothercamein54.Inordertochoosetherightone,shefirstaskedme_IwanttouseadictionaryforA.whatB.whyC.howD.whether55.Customersareaskedtomakesurethatthey_therightchargebe-foreleavingtheshopA.willgiveB.havebeengivenC.havegivenD.willbegiven56._Tomdidintgotoschool?A.DoyouknowhowC.HowyouknowwhyB.WhydoyouknowD.Doyouknowwhy57.Marysmothera