人版英语必修3-Unit4词汇讲解-课件

1、Words and Expressions 必修三 Unit 4Words and Expressions 必修三 U1.astronomy /n. C/ 天文学New discoveries were made in astronomy, geography and medicine.astronomer /n./ 天文学家I joined the Young Astronomers Club.astronaut /n.C/ 宇航员Yang Liwei becomes the first Chinese astronaut.1.astronomy /n. C/ 天文学New disc2. s

2、ystem /n.C/ 系统，体系；制度； /n. U/条理，秩序the solar system 太阳系a social system 社会制度under the new/old system 在新/旧制度下They have an alarm system in the house.他们房子里装有报警系统。2. system /n.C/ 系统，体系；制度； 3. theory /n.U/ 理论We should combine theory with practice.evolution theory 进化论in theory 理论上3. theory /n.U/ 理论We should

3、co4. violent /adj./violent /adj./ 猛烈的；激烈的；violently /adv./猛烈地；凶猛地violence /n./暴力，暴行with violence 猛烈地，强有力地have a violent temper 脾气暴躁takeby violence 抢夺.Whatever happens, we will never use violence.4. violent /adj./violent /adj.5. unlike /prep./ &/adj./unlikely /adj./不大可能的likely /adj./可能的It is likely t

4、hat很可能.be likely to do sth. 可能做某事Unlike his father, Tom is humorous and easygoing.5. unlike /prep./ &/adj./unlik6.harmful /adj./be harmful to 对有害harm /n./ &/v./损害，伤害do sb. harm/ do harm to对.有害There is no harm (in) doing sth. = It does no harm (for sb.) to do sth.（某人)做某事无害处6.harmful /adj./be harmful

5、to 7.exist /v./ 存在，生存exist as 作.而生存，以形态存在exist on 靠.生活/生存exist in 存在于.中There exist(s) existed.某地有.;存在.existence /n./ 存在，生存come into existence (= begin to exist) 产生，成立in existence 现存的，存在的7.exist /v./ 存在，生存exist as 作.8. puzzle/n./ 谜，难题 /v./ （使）迷惑puzzle about /over 苦苦思索，仔细琢磨puzzled/adj./迷惑不解的；困惑的be/fee

6、l puzzled at/about.对.感到迷惑puzzling/adj./ 令人费解的puzzlement /n./迷惑8. puzzle/n./ 谜，难题 /v./ （使）迷惑9.physicist/n./ 物理学家physics /n./物理（学）physical /adj./ 肉体的，身体上的physical labour 体力劳动physical change 物理变化physical science 自然科学physically /adv./ 身体上；肉体上反义：metal 物质的，自然界的9.physicist/n./ 物理学家physics /n10.extict /adj.

7、/(生物)绝种的, 灭绝的(官职等)废除了的; 无合法继承人的 (法令等)过时的; 失效的an extinct family 已绝嗣的家族an extinct species 已灭绝的物种 an extinct volcano 死火山 All hope was extinct. 一切希望都破灭了。10.extict /adj./(生物)绝种的, 灭绝的(官11. pull /v./ &/n./ 拉，拖；牵引力pull down 拆毁pull through 康复，痊愈pull up 停车，停止pull in (火车等）到站，进站； 驶向路边（或某处）停靠Dont worry; your fat

8、her is going to pull through.11. pull /v./ &/n./ 拉，拖；牵引力pul12.exhaust/vt./ 使筋疲力尽；用完，耗尽There is no need to exhaust yourself clearing up.近义：tire sb.(out) / wear out 使疲惫不堪 use up= run out of 用完，用光 give out = run out 用完，用光 give out 筋疲力尽exhausted /adj./筋疲力尽的，耗尽的exhausting/adj./令人筋疲力尽的exhaustive/adj./彻底的，

9、全面的exhaustion/n./筋疲力尽，耗尽12.exhaust/vt./ 使筋疲力尽；用完，耗尽The1. in time 及时in time for sb. to do sth. 来得及（做）.,及时（做）on time 按时，准时at times 有时，偶尔at no time 在任何时候都不；决不 （至于句首时，主句使用部分倒装）in no time 立即，立刻at a time 依次1. in time 及时in time for sb. t2.lay eggs 下蛋lay /vt./放置；安放；产卵，下蛋She laid the baby down gently on the

10、bed.Bettys birthday party is going to be held in the living room, with a dining table already _for a meal to be cooked.A. laid B. chosen C. gotten D. hadA2.lay eggs 下蛋lay /vt./放置；安放；产卵3. give birth to 产生，分娩；引发，造成by birth 血统上，生来，天生的at birth 出生时bring.to birth 使产生Religious differences between them gave

11、birth to a ar.3. give birth to 产生，分娩；引发，造成by4. in ones turn 轮到某人in turn 依次，轮流take turns in sth./ to do sth. 轮流做某事Its ones turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事You can take turns to use the computer.4. in ones turn 轮到某人in turn 依5. prevent.from 阻止，制止prevent sb.( from) doing sth. = stop sb.( from) doing sth. 在主动语态中f

12、rom 可以省略，而在被动语态中from 不可以省略。keep sb. from doing sth. 中的from 无论在主动语态中还是在被动语态中都不可以省略。protect.from.表示“保护.不受.损害”from后接能带来伤害或损害之物。5. prevent.from 阻止，制止prevent6. cheer upcheer (sb./sth.) up （使）感到高兴； （使）感到振奋cheer sb. on 为某人加油cheers!干杯！Cheer up! We are near the finishing line.6. cheer upcheer (sb./sth.) up7.

13、 now that 既然，由于课文原句：“Oh dear,”walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.”now that 引导原因状语，在口语中可以省略that.与now that 意思相近的有seeing that, since 等。就像although/though不能与but连用，because 不能与so连用一样，当now that 引导的从句表示原因时，主句前不能加so.7. now that 既然，由于课文原句：“Oh dear辨析now that/because/ since/as/forno

14、w that 说明已经成为事实的原因.because 语气最强，回答是用why提问的问句，表示直接的或为人所不知的原因。since表示间接附带的众所周知的原因，意为 “既然”，常放在句首。as 表示一种明显的、已知的理由，意为“由于”for 是并列连词，用来补充说明理由或提供一种解释，不一定是真正的原因，不能放在主句前面。辨析now that/because/ since/as/f7. now that 既然，由于注意：引导原因状语的介词短语：due to, thanks to, because of , as a result of , owning to, on account of 等。

15、Now (that) you have mentioned it, Ill keep it in mind.7. now that 既然，由于注意：引导原因状语的介词短8. get the hang of得知的窍门；熟悉某物的用法；理解某事Typing is easy once you get the hang of it.8. get the hang of得知的窍门；熟悉某物9. break out 突发，爆发The fire broke out last night in his neighbours further.break into 强行进入某处break in 强行进入break

16、 down 停止运转；失败；垮掉break up 解散，分解break through 取得突破9. break out 突发，爆发The fire bro10. watch out for 留意Watch out! There is a car coming. 小心！有车来了。拓展：watch over 照顾；监督；保护keep a watch 守望，注视be under a close watch 被严密监视10. watch out for 留意Watch out!11.block out 1） 挡住，遮住（光线，声音等）2）忘掉，抹去（不愉快的事）Black clouds blocke

17、d out the sun.The memory was so terrible that she tried toblock it out.拓展block off （用路障）封锁，堵住block up 塞住，封住（孔、洞）block ones way 挡住某人的去路block sth. in/ out 草拟；画.的简略图11.block out 1） 挡住，遮住（光线，声音等）12. depend on/upon依赖，依靠；取决于The poor man depends on his son to earn money.依靠某人做某事depend on/upon sb. to do sth.

18、 depend on/upon ones doing sth. That/ It (all) depends. 依情况而定。12. depend on/upon依赖，依靠；取决于The. 句型透视1. “so. . . that”句型The earth _(变得如此猛烈以至于)it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. 2. “make it possible to do sth. ”结构This produced a chain reaction, which _(使生命的生长发育成为一种可能). became so viole

19、nt thatmake it possible for life to develop. 句型透视1. “so. . . that”句型bec. 句型透视3. “倍数+as+adj. /adv. +as”句型But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried _(是地球上的两倍远)and fell over. 4. now that引导的原因状语从句Walking does need a bit of practice_(既然地球引力已发生了变化). twice as for as on the earthnow that the gravity has changed. 句型透视3. “倍数+as+adj. /adv. +a. 句型透视5.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop. 这就产生了一系列的反应, 使得生命得以发展了。 make+宾语+宾语补足语名词或形容词不带to 的不定式 to