2022-2023学年甘肃省庆阳市长庆中学高三下学期一模考试英语试题含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项：1 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用05毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。4保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1Star skater Wu Dajing won Chinas first gold medal at the 2018 PyeongCh

2、ang Olympic Winter Games breaking world record in short track mens 500m.Ato BbyCwith Din2With the development of economy，our income has increased _ 10% in less than a year.Afor BbyCon Dat3Meyer and his team were the first _ how the disease spreads fromanimals to humans.AshowingBshowCto showDshown4Wh

3、en I was small, my mom _read me stories at night.AcouldBshouldCmightDwould5You seem to be fond of classical music._. As a matter of fact, I like jazz music better.A I dont agree B Not reallyC I couldnt agree more D No doubt6For thousands of years,poetry the favorite type of literature for many in Ch

4、ina.Ais Bhas been Cwas Dwill be7Its said that the power plant is now large as what it was.Atwice asBas twiceCtwice muchDmuch twice8 The movie Lalaland is awesome. Its really a pity that you didnt make it. Sorry, I _. I was too busy then.Adidnt BdidCwouldnt Dwould9I like such houses with beautiful ga

5、rdens in front, but I dont have enough money to buy .AitBoneCthatDthis10Will you require anything else? Yes, I like a whisky.AwillBshallCshouldDmight11We should organize useful activities, which will _ the relationship of the students.AappointBemployCpromoteDcommit12Whats wrong with him? He seemed u

6、pset.He had to give up his drawing, not because he wanted _ that way but because he had to be.Athis BoneCit Dsuch13After the argument Colin ran away and_since.AIsnt heard ofBwasnt heard ofChasnt been heard ofDhadnt been heard of14Faced with the dilemma, the company committee _ a public statement, ap

7、pointing the capable man to be its new global chief financial officer.Apulled out Bput outCreached out Ddrew out15It _ a Saturday afternoon in May _ Margaret could arrange for me to meet her elder ,sister.Awas until; when Bwas until;thatCwas not until; when Dwas not until; that16There are lots of ex

8、amples of English idioms _ animals are used.AwhichBwhenCwhoseDwhere17Scientists have many theories about how the universe into being.AcameBwas comingChad comeDwould come18A man can fail many times, he is a real failure when he begins to blame someone else.Abut Bor Cand Dso19When all is said and done

9、, there doesnt seem to be _ a mystery to explain.Akind ofBclose toCfar fromDmuch of20The style of the campus is quite different from _ of most Chinese universities where visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types.AthatBoneCthe oneDthose第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，

10、从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分） “Preventing obesity (肥胖) and smoking can save lives, but it doesnt save money,” reported researchers. “It was a small surprise, for it is against the common belief,” said Pieter van Baal, who led the study. “But it makes sense. If you live longer, then your costs of

11、the health system will be more.”The researchers found that from age 20 to 56, obese people racked up (累计) the most expensive health costs. But on average, healthy people lived 84 years. Smokers lived about 77 years, and obese people lived about 80 years. Smokers and obese people tended to have more

12、heart disease than healthy people. Therefore in the long run, the thin and healthy group spent about $ 417,000, from age 20 on. Smokers spent about $ 326,000 and obese people $ 371,000.“The result throws a bucket of cold water onto the idea, based on guesswork, that obesity is going to cost trillion

13、s of dollars,” said Patrick Basham, a professor of health politics. “If were going to worry about the future of obesity, we should stop worrying about its financial impact,” he said.“The benefits of obesity prevention may not be seen immediately in terms of cost saving in tomorrows budget, but there

14、 are long-term gains,” said Baal. “These are often immeasurable when it comes to people living longer and healthier lives.” In the meanwhile, he said that governments should recognize that successful smoking and obesity prevention programs mean that people will have a higher chance of dying of somet

15、hing more expensive later in life.“Lung cancer is a cheap disease to treat because people dont survive very long. But if they are old enough to get Alzheimers (早老性痴呆病) one day, they may survive longer and cost more. We are not advising that governments stop trying to prevent obesity,” Baal said. “Bu

16、t they should do it for the right reasons.”1、Among middle-aged people, whose costs of the health system are the most?AThose who are heavy smokers.BThose who are overweight.CThose who are too thin.DThose who are suffering from heart attacks.2、What can we know about the belief that obesity costs much?

17、AIt turns out to be incorrect.BIt comes from scientific studies.CIt is based on medical evidence.DIt has changed over the past years.3、According to the text, governments should prevent obesity for the purpose of .Areducing the risk of suffering cancerBweakening obesitys financial impactCmaking sure

18、of peoples long and healthy lifeDreducing the money spent on medical programs4、What would be the best title for this text?AA Recent Medical Study Shows the Truth about HealthBPreventing Obesity and Smoking May Cost MoreCObesity and Smoking Lead to Expensive DiseasesDGovernments Change Attitude towar

19、ds Obesity and Smoking22（8分）Did you know that sixty percent of your body weight is water? However, a loss of only two percent of this water through dehydration (脱水) during exercise can significantly affect your performance. The more you sweat, the more your exercise performance declines, unless you

20、drink enough to replace your loss of fluids (液体).When you lose too much water, you can overheat quite easily, especially in a warm environment. But this is not the only problem you may face. Dehydration leads to your heart pumping much faster, which means exercise becomes more difficult and requires

21、 more effort. Despite these problems, however, many of us simply do not take enough fluids in when we head for the gym or set out on a run.So why is this? How do we manage to lose so much water without simply drinking more to replace it? Well, its easier than you think. When we are at rest, we quick

22、ly become aware that we are thirsty and will put that right by having a drink. When we exercise, on the other hand, our thirst mechanism (结构) does not work as effectively, so we dont notice early enough that we are actually thirsty. In fact, we only start to fed thirsty when we have already lost aro

23、und two percent of our body weight.Another problem is that, the more dehydration we become during exercise, the more difficult it is to prevent further dehydration-because our stomachs become intolerant (不能容忍的) to fluids and we do not absorb water properly, just when we need it most.The key thing ab

24、out fluids and exercise is to manage your intake properly-regular small amounts are preferable, and some should be drunk before the period of exercise begins. You also need to match your intake to the sort of exercise you are doing. For example, for one hour of exercise, such as taking part in a 10

25、km run, you need to drink about two extra litres of water. For longer periods of exercise, sports drinks are recommended.1、We know from the text that during exercise, dehydration .Acan be easily avoided.Bwill lead to poor performance.Ccan cause many health problems.Dwill be controlled whenever we dr

26、ink again.2、Why do people suffer from dehydration easily during exercise?ATheir thirst mechanism stops working.BTheir focus is on the exercise.CTheir thirst response is slow.DTheir stomachs are full.3、When exercising, you are advised to .Ahave regular breaks.Bdrink water properly.Cdrink sports water

27、 in advance.Dhave at least two liters of water.4、What would be the best title for the text?AKeep fit BSay no to sports!CTime to get drinking! DWays to avoid dehydration23（8分）Most of us dont reach for that gnarled (多节的) carrots when selecting our produce at the local supermarket. Thats exactly why Am

28、ericans waste up to 40% of eatable food every year. This unbelievable number has sparked the “ugly food” movement, and inspired many companies to sell misshapen fruit and vegetables to consumers, rather than throw them in the trash.One San Francisco organization is taking a unique approach to this i

29、dea. The Salvage Supperclub hosts fancy dinners inside dumper truck (卸车) where they serve dishes entirely prepared with food that would have otherwise gone to waste.Josh Treuhaft, founder of these ugly food dinners, originally came up with the idea 10 bring awareness to Americas food waste problem.

30、“There is undeveloped potential in their food that for some reason, not to their own fault, is going to waste,” he told Seekers Laura Ling.Treuhaft isnt alone in his effort to reduce Americas food waste. A Change, org last year willed for Whole Foods to become part of the ugly food movement. They so

31、ld misshapen fruit and vegetables in Northern California stores.Selling imperfect produce is still relatively rare right now, which can be partially due to a supply issue rather than a lack of willing participants. Raleys, a Sacramento-based grocery chain, started an ugly food pilot program called “

32、Real Good”, but discontinued it after 90 days saying they had “some challenges sourcing the product”. A grower might have large amounts of ugly produce one year due to terrible weather, but much less the next year if the weather has been more ideal. Harvests constantly vary and retailers are more li

33、kely to buy ugly produce in large number rather than just a few pounds at a time.This is why organizations like Imperfect Produce and Salvage Supperclub are playing an important role in the prevention of food waste. Salvage Supperclub takes it a step further by not only buying the ugly produce, but

34、turning it into a good dining experience as well.1、What can we infer from Paragraph 1?APeople usually prefer Rood-looking produce.BGnarled carrots mostly appear in the supermarket.CMany companies find new business opportunities.DAmericans eat less fruit and vegetables than expected.2、Why does the Sa

35、lvage Supperclub have dinners inside the dumper truck?ATo prove his fancy idea.BTo remind people not to waste.CTo show waste can be eaten.DTo advise people lo dine in dumper truck.3、Whats Josh Treuhafts advice to reduce Americas food waste?APeople should reduce the ugly food.BPeople should make full

36、 use of ugly food.CPeople should be more aware of food shortage.DPeople should develop their potential in producing food.4、Why did Raleys stop its “Real Good” after 90 days?ARetailers pursuing larger profit.BBad harvests due to bad weather.CLack of steady sources of produce.DPeoples unwillingness to

37、 buy imperfect produce.24（8分）The belief that new technologies are causing the death of work is the idea that never goes away. Despite evidence to the contrary, we still view technological change today as being more rapid and dramatic in its consequences for work than ever before. But this is nothing

38、 new. People have always viewed the technological changes that take place during their lives as the most dramatic and dangerous that ever happened in history.In the 1930s, the British economist(经济学家) John Maynard Keynes predicted the widespread use of electricity would produce a world where people s

39、pend most of their time doing nothing. In the United States during the 1960s, the government repeatedly investigates fears that automatic machines would permanently reduce the amount of work available. In 1988, one Australian historian claimed that at least a quarter of the workforce would be withou

40、t jobs within 10 years because of computers.Of course, none of these disasters came to pass in the United Kingdom, the United States and Australia, or anywhere else.Yet today, we are seeing the return of these predictions, with some experts claiming the world of work is once more undergoing radical

41、and unprecedented change. They argue that robots and other workplace technologies are causing a reduction in the total amount of work available, or are bringing a more rapid pace of substitution of machines for humans than has been seen previously.But there is a little evidence to support such belie

42、fs. Statistics show that the percentage of people in work, the number of hours they work, and how frequently they change jobs have remained remarkably constant over the past 20 years.This stability should not come as a surprise. There are good reasons why we should not expect new technologies to cau

43、se the death of work. New technologies always cause job losses, but that is only part of the story. What also needs to be understood is how they increase the amount of work available.One way this happens is through the increases in incomes that accompany the use of new technologies. With the introdu

44、ction of these technologies, good and services can be produced faster, which results in higher real incomes for workers. Higher incomes then increase demand for other products and consequently more workers are needed to make them. Additionally, while new technologies are likely to substitute for som

45、e types of workers, they will also increase demand for other types of workers, especially those with higher level skills and expertise.So, the end of work is no closer today than at any time in the past. But there is still a need to keep disproving the prediction, to reduce peoples fears.1、What is t

46、he function of the second paragraph?ATo explain the importance of developing new technology.BTo show how technology affected employment in the past.CTo argue that technological dangers are becoming more serious.DTo give historical examples of unnecessary fear about new technology.2、How can employmen

47、t statistics over the past 20 years best be described?AConfusing BReliableCStable DVariable3、According to paragraph 7, why does demand for products often increase after new technology is introduced?AThere are more goods for people to choose from.BThere is more demand for new skills in the economy.CP

48、roductivity improvements help raise workers salaries.DHigher quality goods at lower prices encourage consumption.4、What is the authors opinion about the introduction of new technology?AIt does not have an effect on most peoples jobs.BIts benefits are usually not worth the introduction.CIt usually le

49、ads to a significant increase in employment.DIts danger to peoples employment possibilities is overstated.25（10分）The first truly autonomous cars vehicles that drive down the streets with no one behind the wheel have finally arrived.Waymo, which began life as Googles self-driving car project, announc

50、ed that it had let its driverless cars loose in parts of Phoenix, Arizona, with nobody in the front seats to take over in case of emergency. Members of the public taking part in a Waymo trial in the desert city in the south-west US will be able to order the vehicles to come through an app “in the ne

51、xt few months”, the group said.Potentially one of the most revolutionary (革命性的) new technologies, as well as one of the most advertised, driverless cars have been at the centre of a race between big automakers and technology companies. But while a number of groups are testing the technology on the s

52、treets with back-up drivers behind the wheel, most believe the approach of full autonomy is at least two years away.Google shocked the auto industry when it first showed a basic version of its driverless technology seven years ago, and it then invested more than $ l bn in autonomous vehicle research

53、.Rivals (竞争对手) admit it still has a technology lead, though skeptics question whether the artificial intelligence is good enough to respond to the many unforeseen events that could occur on the road.Waymo believes it is the first company to reach a standard known in the driverless car world as level

54、 4, meaning its cars can drive under full autonomy in preset areas that have been carefully mapped out and tested. Uber, General Motors, Aptiv PLC, BMW and others have been conducting testing to reach level 4, but all of them still keep a human in the drivers seat.1、What should people do in the driv

55、erless car test?ATake over in an emergency.BCall for a car without an app.CLet the car operate in full autonomy.DTest the car in a deserted place.2、The third paragraph may be used to show .AGoogles driverless technology is really advancedBWay mo will be widely acknowledged two years laterCdriverless

56、 cars will damage the entire automobile marketDthe technology of driverless cars is developing too fast3、Why is Waymo confident about trying out its first driverless cars?ABecause it already invented a basic version.BBecause it has a technology lead in this area.CBecause it has reached full, level 4

57、 autonomy.DBecause its cars can drive wherever a person likes.4、Whats the authors attitude towards the self-driving car?ASupportive. BOpposed.CSkeptical. DObjective.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）It had been a long time since I had been to Jackson

58、ville, Florida. I had driven to town 1 to find the old barber shop where my hair had been cut as a child. As I 2 around, I was a little disappointed to see the old buildings had been 3 with new high-rise ones.After walking about a block I saw an open shoe store. Wondering whether I could get the 4 ,

59、 I walked in. As I stood talking to the salesman, the front door opened and a young man about twenty came into the store in a 5 . “I need a new pair of shoes,” said the 6 . As he turned the corner, I was 7 to see that the young man had no legs.Seeing us 8 , the young man said, “When I was a 9 , my p

60、arents used to buy me a new pair of shoes every year. That was such a wonderful feeling 10 I have never forgotten.”Soon the salesman came with a large box. He put it down on the floor, took out a boot and handed it to the young man. Placing the boot 11 his nose, the boy closed both eyes, and took a