过强化2-阅读理解

1、PAGE13专题1阅读理解过强化2Passage1体裁:应用文话题:学校生活主题：防火信息词数：346建议用时：7分钟2022天津卷AFirePreventionInformationTheUniversityofAdelaideemploysafull一timestaffoffirepreventionprofessionals.Theyinspectallcampusbuildingsandtestandmaintainallsprinkler(喷水灭火装置）systems,firealarms,andfireextinguishers(灭火器).Theyalsoprovideeducat

2、ionalprogramsonfiresafetyintheresidencehalls.Wheneveryoumovetoanewarea,youshouldlocatethefirealarmpullstationsandthetwoexitsnearestyourroom.FireAlarmsThefloorsofallcampusbuildingsareequippedwithmanual(手动的)firealarmsystemswhichincludefirealarmpullstationsandpipes.Mostarealsoequippedwithautomaticfirea

3、larmsystemsconsistingofheatdetectors,smokedetectorsandsprinklers.Foryoursafety,nevertamperwith(胡乱摆弄）thesesystems.Falsefirealarmsareillegalandmayleadtoimprisonment.FireDrillsAfiredrillwillbeconductedinyourresidencehalleverysemester.Duringafiredrill,pleasedothefollowing：TakeyourroomkeyandID,closeandlo

4、ckthedoortoyourroom.Exitimmediatelyfromthenearestemergencyexit;donotusealift.Meetoutsideofyourresidencehallandwaitforfurtherinstructions.FireExtinguishersFireextinguishersarelocatedoneachfloorandineachapartment.Useafireextinguisheronlyifyouhavebeentrainedtodoso.Irresponsibleuseofafireextinguishercan

5、createadangeroussituationforotherresidentsandcouldresultindamagetopersonalproperty.Misuseofafireextinguisherwillresultinfines.SmokeDetectorsAsmokedetectorisontheceilinginyourroom.Somebuildingsalsohaveheatdetectorsontheceilings.Dothefollowingtoensurethesafeoperationofyoursmokedetector：Ifyoursmokedete

6、ctorisworkingproperly,theredlightshouldbeon.Iftheredlightisnotblinking(闪动),contactresidencehallstaffimmediately.Donotcoverorblockyoursmokedetectorinanyway.Ifasmokedetectorsetsoffanalarmandthereisnofireorsmoke,informyourhallstaff.1.Whatisthemaindutyofthefirepreventionprofessionals?A.Toprovidepart-tim

7、ejobsforstudents.B.Toleadthestudentstothenearestexits.C.Tocheckandmaintainfirepreventionequipment.D.Totrainteacherstobefirepreventionprofessionals.2.Whatdotheautomaticfirealarmsystemsinclude?A.Pipesandsmokedetectors.B.Smokedetectorsandsprinklers.C.Firealarmpullstationsandpipes.D.Sprinklersandfireala

8、rmpullstations.3.Inafiredrill,thestudentsshould_.A.rushquicklytoaliftB.gatheratthenearestexitC.shutthedoorandleaveatonceD.waitforinstructionsinthehall4.Whatdoweknowabouttheuseoffireextinguishers?A.Usingthemwronglyresultsinpunishment.B.Irresponsibleuseofthemcandamagethem.C.Improperuseofthemcandestroy

9、theapartment.D.Usingthemwithoutatrainerpresentisforbidden.5.Toensurethesafeoperationofthesmokedetector,oneshould_.A.contactthehallstaffregularlyB.coverthethingsthatburneasilyC.startthesmokedetectorinafireD.makecertaintheredlightisworkingPassage2体裁:记叙文话题:家庭、朋友与周围的人主题：帮哥哥走出阴影词数：368建议时间：6分钟预测新题Ifoundap

10、olicereportthathadbeenfiledinFlorida17yearsbefore.Itsaidaboywashitandhisbodywasthrown19yards.Buthewasntthrown;hewasdraggedthatfarandcaughtinthechainsofthetruck.Itsaidsomeonefledthescene,butthatsomeonewasmyolderbrother,Alex,andhedidntflee.Herushedovertohisfriend,buttheboywasalreadydead.Itsaid.But.Ale

11、xhadjustturned15.Thiswasthedayweneverspokeabout.Wethoughtitwouldmakeadifferenceinhelpinghimstepoutoftheshadowofthataccident.SoIdidntbringitupuntilonenight,whenwewere30and31,IaskedifheeverthoughtaboutthedayJonathandied.Butherespondedwithanunpleasantlaughandacoldsilence.Beforetheaccident,wewereinsepar

12、able.Aftertheaccident,wedidnthavewordsforanyconversation.IwasdesperatetoreconnectandconvincedthattheonlywaytodosowastogetascloseasIcouldtothatday.Itrackeddownthepolicereport.Iwrotedownthedriversnameandfoundhisphonenumber.ItoldhimIwantedtoknowaboutanaccidenthewasinvolvedinbackin1999.Hetoldmeitwastheh

13、ardesttimeinhislife.ItoldhimIwantedtofindawaytotakeawaymybrotherspain.Youcant,hesaid.Butifyouwanttolessenit,lethimtalktoyou,andoncethosewordsstartcoming,youllrealizethataskingistheeasypart.Listeningisthehardpart.Ihungupthephonebutdidntstopthere.Itrackeddownthewitnesses.Ayearafterthefirstphonecall,Im

14、etwithmybrotherandtoldhimaboutthepeopleIhadspokentoandwhattheyhadsaid,andhisinstinct(本能)wastoconfirmandcorrecteachdetail.Thatwasmyopening,andhistoo.LaterIwasabletoaskwhatnooneinmyfamilyeverhad:Couldyoujuststartatthebeginningandtellmeeverything?Andhedid.1.HowdidthepolicereportinParagraph1appeartobein

15、theauthorsopinion?A.Fact-free.B.Ambiguous.C.Persuasive.D.Cautiously-worded.2.Whydidtheauthoravoidreferringtotheaccident?A.Toavoidarguingwithhisbrother.B.Toprotecthisbrotherfromothersscolding.C.Tohelprelievehisbrotherspain.D.Toshowtrustinhisbrothersinnocence.3.Whatmaytheauthorsbrotherneedmostafterthe

16、accident?A.Othersrealunderstanding.B.Othersimmediatecompany.C.Otherssincerelistening.D.Othersdetailedasking.4.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheAccidentNoOneTalkedAboutB.TheExperienceShapingMyBrotherC.TheQuestionNoOneCaredAboutD.TheMomentChangingMyBrothersLifePassage3体裁:说明文话题:饮食主题：餐馆如何吸引顾客词数：335

17、建议时间：7分钟2022江苏卷BInthe1760s,MathurinRozeopenedaseriesofshopsthatboasted(享有)aspecialmeatsoupcalledconsomme.Althoughthemainattractionwasthesoup,Rozeschainshopsalsosetanewstandardfordiningout,whichhelpedtoestablishRozeastheinventorofthemodernrestaurant.Today,scholarshavegeneratedlargeamountsofinstructiv

18、eresearchaboutrestaurants.Takevisualhintsthatinfluencewhatweeat:dinersservedthemselvesabout20percentmorepasta(意大利面食)whentheirplatesmatchedtheirfood.Whenadark-coloredcakewasservedonablackplateratherthanawhiteone,customersrecognizeditassweeterandmoretasty.Lightingmatters,too.WhenBerlinrestaurantcustom

19、ersateindarkness,theycouldnttellhowmuchtheydhad:thosegivenextra-largesharesatemorethaneveryoneelse,butwerenonethewisertheydidntfeelfuller,andtheywerejustasreadyfordessert.Timeismoney,butthatprinciplemeansdifferentthingsfordifferenttypesofrestaurants.Unlikefast-foodplaces,finediningshopsprefercustome

20、rstostaylongerandspend.Onewaytoencouragecustomerstostayandorderthatextraround:putonsomeMozart(莫扎特).Whenclassical,ratherthanpop,musicwasplaying,dinersspentmore.Fastmusichurrieddinersout.Particularscentsalsohaveaneffect:dinerswhogotthescentoflavender(熏衣草)stayedlongerandspentmorethanthosewhosmelledlemo

21、n,ornoscent.Meanwhile,thingsthatyoumightexpecttodiscouragespending一badtables,crowding,highpricesdontnecessarily.Dinersatbadtablesnexttothekitchendoor,say一spentnearlyasmuchasothersbutsoonfled.Itcanbeconcludedthatrestaurantkeepersneednotbeoverlyconcernedaboutbadtables,giventhattheyreprofitable.Asforcr

22、owds9aHongKongstudyfoundthattheyincreasedarestaurantsreputation,suggestinggreatfoodatfairprices.Anddoublingabuffetspriceledcustomerstosaythatitspizzawas11percenttastier.1.Theunderlinedphrasenonethewiserinparagraph3mostprobablyimpliesthatthecustomerswere_.A.notawareofeatingmorethanusualB.notwillingto

23、sharefoodwithothersC.notconsciousofthefoodqualityD.notfondofthefoodprovided2.Howcouldafinediningshopmakemoreprofit?A.Playingclassicalmusic.B.Introducinglemonscent.C.Makingthelightbrighter.D.Usingplatesoflargersize.3.Whatdoesthelastparagraphtalkabout?A.Tipstoattractmorecustomers.B.Problemsrestaurants

24、arefacedwith.C.Waystoimproverestaurantsreputation.D.Commonmisunderstandingsaboutrestaurants.Passage4体裁:说明文话题:世界与环境主题:塑料瓶村庄词数：318建议用时：7分钟名师原创Averagehumanscanconsume15ormoredrinksinplasticbottlesamonth.Ifyouwerebornafter1978,andliveuntil80yearsold,youwillleavebehindaminimumof14,400plasticbottlesonthis

25、planet.Thesebottlestakehundredsofyearstobreakdownintotinypiecesofplastic,nevertocompletelydisappear.Mostofthewasteisconsumedbyfishandbirds,whichhasshortenedtheirlifespans(寿命)greatly.ThePlasticBottleVillageisjustagreatideathatmightfinallysaveusfrombeingburiedunderplastic.ItsacommunityinPanamathatisgo

26、ingtobemadeofusedbottles.Thedesignprocessbeginswithbuildingsteelframes,whicharethenfilledwiththesebottles.Oncethisstepiscomplete,andelectricalandplumbinglinesareputinside,theplasticwallsarecoveredbyconcrete一bothinsideandoutside.Sonoonewillactuallybeabletotellthatthewallsaremadeofplastic.Besides,them

27、aterialwillkeepthehouse17Ccoolerthantheoutside,whichisthebiggestbenefittopeoplelivinginside.Thevillageisthebrainchild(主意)ofRobertBezeauwiththeintentionofsettingupseveralenvironmentalprojects.Havingstartedarecyclingprogramfouryearsago,duringwhichanumberofplasticbottleswerecollected,hestartedtothinkof

28、howtheycouldbeputtouse.Soonenough,hedecidedtousethemtobuildhouses,andcameupwithabasicideafortheconstructionprocess.Theprojecthopestomakepeopleconsciousofthewastethatthesebottlescreatesothattheycandomoretoprotecttheenvironment.Thevillagewillalsocreateaneducationcenterthatwillteachindividualsfromthewo

29、rldhowtoreuseplasticbottlesasconstructionmaterialsforshelter.Recycledbottlescouldneutralizethenegativeeffectofyourpassageonthisplanet,andmoveclosertoleavingonlyyourfootprints.1.Whatdothefiguresinthefirstparagraphshow?A.Thereasonforbuyingfewerdrinks.B.Theseriousnessofplasticpollution.C.Theamountofpla

30、sticwaste.D.Thedifficultsituationofwildlife.2.Whyarethehomesinthevillagespecial?A.Theyregreenbuildings.B.Theyre17Cwarmerinside.C.Theystopplasticpollution.D.Theyreentirelymadeofplasticbottles.3.WhichwordcanbestdescribeRobert?A.Responsible.B.Considerate.C.Creative.D.Sensitive.4.Whatdoestheprojectwantt

31、odothroughthesehomes?A.Provideshelterforlocals.B.Reusealldesertedplasticbottles.C.Popularizetheuseofplasticbottles.D.Raisepeoplesenvironmentalawareness.参考答案Passage1语法解读本文是一篇应用文,文章介绍了阿德莱德大学的消防设备,分别从消防系统介绍、火警报警器的组成、消防演习、灭火器的使用以及烟雾探测器几个方面进行了介绍。【段意梳理】第一节：阿德莱德大学拥有专业的消防员、齐全的消防装置并开展防火安全教育。第二节：火警每个楼层有手动火警报警

32、器、自动火警报警器,但是不要乱动这些火警报警器,报假火警是违法的。第三节：消防演习消防演习开展的频率以及消防演习时我们该怎么做第四节：灭火器所在位置、使用的时间以及使用不当会带来的后果。第五节：烟雾探测器烟雾探测器安放的位置以及如何确保其安全运转。1.C【解析】考查细节理解。第一节说到大学配备的这些全日制火灾消防人员的职责：检查校园楼栋、检测并维护各种消防装置、在宿舍区提供消防安全教育活动。从这些信息我们可以判断,C项是他们的日常工作。A项给学生提供兼职工作在文中没有提到；B项属于曲解文意。第一节最后一句说的是无论何时你来到一个陌生的区域,你应该确定火警报警器的位置以及离你的房间最近的两个出口

33、；B项与文章内容不符；D项属于张冠李戴。文章说的是提供消防安全教育活动,而不是培训老师成为消防专业人员。2.B解析】考查细节理解。根据题干中的theautomaticfirealarmsystems我们把答案定位在第二节FireAlarms部分。该节内容说,火抒自动报警系统包括温度探测器、烟雾探测器和自动喷水灭火装置（heatdetectors,smokedetectorsandsprinklers),故B项符合本节内容,因此选B。A、C、D项都是移花接木的拼凑选项。pipes和firealarmpullstations是手动火警报警器的组成部分,而不是火警自动报警系统的组成部分。3.C【解析

34、】考查细节理解。根据题干我们把答案定位在第三节部分。该节内容说,在消防演习中,学生应该带上房间钥匙、身份证,锁好房门。从最近的紧急出口疏散,不能坐电梯,在宿舍楼外与同学们会合,等待进一步的指令,从这些信息我们可以判断选C。A项与文中的donotusealift不符；文章说的是从紧急出口疏散到宿舍楼外面再等待指令,B项与之不符；文章说的是在宿舍楼外等待而不是在大楼内等待指令,故D项不正确。4.A【解析】考查细节理解。根据题干中的灭火器的使用,我们把答案定位在第四节.根据第四节中的Misuseofafireextinguisherwillresultinfines可知,灭火器使用不当会被罚款。B、

35、C项属于曲解文意：该节说灭火器使用不当会危害其他居住者（createadangeroussituationforotherresidents)和损坏个人财产（damagetopersonalproperty);文章没有提到必须有培训师在场才能使用灭火器,因此D项属于主观臆断。5.D【解析】考查细节理解。根据题干信息我们把答案定位在最后一节。该节说,如果烟雾探测器的红灯亮了,表明烟雾探测器运转正常；如果红灯不闪了就要联系楼管员；在任何情况下不要覆盖或者堵塞烟雾探测器；如果烟雾探测器在没有火和烟雾的情况下响了。就通知楼管员。从这些信息我们可以判断选D。A项经常联系楼管员属曲解文意；B项覆盖易燃物品

36、和C项发生火灾时打开烟雾探测器在文中没有提到。Passage2语法解读本文是一篇记叙文。作者和家人为了帮助哥哥走出事故的阴影决定对哥哥所经历的事故避而不谈,而这对哥哥并没有什么帮助。但后来作者明白倾听才能真正帮助哥哥走出痛苦。1。A【解析】考査推理判断。根据第一段中的Itsaidaboywashitandhisbodywasthrown19yards.Buthewasntthrown;hewasdraggedthatfarandcaughtinthechainsofthetruck.Itsaid.But可知,作者认为这份警方报告中有许多与事实不符的地方。故选A。fact-free脱离事实的,不

37、符合事实的；ambiguous模棱两可的,含混不清的；persuasive有说服力的,令人信服的;cautiously-worded措辞严谨的。2.C【解析】考查细节理解。根据第二段中的Thiswasthedayweneverspokeabout.Wethoughtitwouldmakeadifferenceinhelpinghimstepoutoftheshadowofthataccident可知,之前作者之所以对哥哥那天所经历的事故避而不谈是因为作者认为这样能帮助哥哥走出事故的阴影。故C项符合文意。3.C【解析】考查推理判断。根据第五段中的Butifyouwanttolessenit.Li

38、steningisthehardpart和最后两段的内容可知,作者通过倾听使哥哥打开了心扉。由此可推知事故过后,哥哥最需要的可能是他人真诚的倾听。4.A【解析】考查标题判断。通读全文可知,作者和家人为了帮助哥哥走出事故的阴影,决定对哥哥所经历的事故避而不谈,而这对哥哥并没有什么帮助。但后来,正是作者选择倾听哥哥的事故经历,敢于触及那起家人都避之不谈的事故,才让哥哥真正走出事故的阴影。故A项无人谈及的那起事故作本文标题最佳。Passage3语法解读本文讲述了影响餐饮业效益的几个因素。【长难句解读】Althoughthemainattractionwasthesoup,Rozeschainshop

39、salsosetanewstandardfordiningout,whichhelpedtoestablishRozeastheinventorofthemodernrestaurant.分析：Although引导让步状语从句,主句是Rozeschainshops.diningout；which引导非限制性定语从句,指代主句中的anewstandard。1.B【解析】考查推理判断。根据第三段内容可知,在餐馆里的灯光昏暗的情况下,顾客判断不出自己吃了多少食物,即使吃多了也不会觉得饱,因为他们意识不到自己比平时吃得多。故答案为A。B项中的share与第三段中的shares意思不同,考生容易误解。C项中的quality与文意不符,文章强调的是量的问题。D项在文中未提及。2.A【解析】考查细节理解。根据第四段中的Onewaytoen