英语句子成分英语句子结构讲解练习

1、英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。Thesunrisesintheeast（名词）Helikesdancing.（代词）Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(数词)Seeingisbelieving.（动名词）Toseeistobelieve（.不定式）Whatheneedsisabook（.主语从句）Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.（It形式主语，主语从句是真切主语）(一）指出以下句中主语的中心词Theteacherwithtwoofhisstu

2、dentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.Thereisanoldmancominghere.Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.Todotodayshomeworkwithouttheteachershelpisverydifficult.谓语（predicate）：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词也许动词词组担当，放在主语的后边。WestudyEnglish.Heisasleep.(二).选出句中谓语的中心词Idontlikethepictureonthewall.A.dontB.likeC.pic

3、tureD.wallThedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.A.getB.longerC.daysD.summerDoyouusuallygotoschoolbybusA.DoB.usuallyC.goD.busTherewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.A.willbeB.meetingC.thelibraryD.afternoonDidthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfastA.DidB.twinsC.haveD.breakfast表（predicative）：系此后的

4、成分，表示主的性、状和特色。Heisateacher.（名）Seventy-four!Youdontitlook.（代）Fiveandfiveisten.（数）Heisasleep.（形容）Hisfatherisin.（副）Thepictureisonthewall.(介短)Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.（形容化的分）Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.（表从句）（常的系有:be,sound（听起来）,look（看起来）,feel(摸起来，smell（起来）,taste（、吃起来）,remain（保持，仍是）,feel（感）Itsounds

5、agoodidea.Thesoundsoundsstrange.Hervoicesoundssweet.Tomlooksthin.Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thefoodtastesgood.Thedoorremainsopen.NowIfeeltired.(三)挑出以下句中的表Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.WhyisheworriedaboutJimTerestedinthesubject.oonTheySallbecameShewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.宾语：1）动宾表示行为的对象，常由名词也许代词担当。放在及物动词

6、也许介词此后。如：IlikeChina.（名词）Hehatesyou.（代词）HowmanydoyouneedWeneedtwo.（数词）Ienjoyworkingwithyou.（动名词）Ihopetoseeyouagain.（不定式）Didyouwritedownwhathesaid（宾语从句）2）介词后的名词、代词和动名词-介宾AreyouafraidofthesnakeUnderthesnow,therearemanyrocks.3）双宾语-间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.(四)挑出以下句中的宾语M

7、ybrotherhasntdonehishomework.PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.HowmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclassSomeofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。Weelectedhimmonitor.（名词）Weallthinkitapitythatshedidntcomehere（.名词）Wewillmakethemhapp

8、y.（形容词）Wefoundnobodyin.(副词)Pleasemakeyourselfathome.（介词短语）Dontlethimdothat.（省to不定式）Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.（带to不定式）Dontkeepthelightsburning.（现在分词）Illhavemybikerepaired.（过去分词）(五)挑出以下句中的宾语补足语Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofsch

9、ool.Shefounditdifficulttodothework.TheycallmeLilysometimes.IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow6.定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。AiYanlingisachemistryteacher（.名词）Heisourfriend.（代词）Webelongtothethirdworld.（数词）Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson（.形容词）Themanoverthereismyol

10、dfriend.(副词)Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.介(词)TheboysplayingfootballareinClass2.（现在分词）Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.（过去分词）Ihaveanideatodoitwell（.不定式）YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo.（定语从句）(六)挑出以下句中的定语TheyuseMr.,Mrs.withthefamilyname.WhatisyourgivennameOnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.Ia

11、mafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.状语：用来修饰v.,adj.,adv.,or句子。表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和退步。（以下例句按上述序次排列）Iwillgotheretomorrow.Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom.Themeatwentbadbecauseofthehotweather.HestudieshardtolearnEnglishwell.Hedidntstudyhardsothathefailedinth

12、eexam.Ilikesomeofyouverymuch.Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.Hegoestoschoolbybike.Thoughheisyoung,hecandoitwell.(七)挑出以下句中的状语Therewasabigsmileonherface.Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissL

13、ihurriedoff.(八)划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语Pleasetellusastory.Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.Mr.Liisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.Didheleaveanymessageforme参照答案(一)teachermandictionaryTodo(二)BACAC(三)tiredworriedyellowinterestedfirst(四)hishomeworkEnglishyourpronunciationnewwordstogoswimming(五)toreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-roomtotaketheboyoutofschoolLilyget