2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖北省联考考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号16

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖北省联考考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

Despitethegeneralnegativefindings,itisimportanttorememberthatallchildrenwholivethroughadivorcedonotbehaveinthesameway.Thespecificbehaviordependsonthechild’sindividualpersonality,characteristics,ageatthetimeofdivorce,andgender.Intermsofpersonality,whencomparedtothoseratedasrelaxedandeasy-going,childrendescribedastemperamentalandirritablehavemoredifficultycopingwithparentaldivorce,asindeedtheyhavemoredifficultyadaptingtolifechangeingeneral.Stress,suchasthatfoundindisruptedfamilies,seemstoimpairtheabilityoftemperamentalchildrentoadapttotheirsurroundings,thegreatertheamountofstress,thelesswelltheyadapt.Incontrast,amoderateamountofstressmayactuallyhelpaneasy-going,relaxedchildlearntocopewithadversity.

Thereissomerelationshipbetweenageandchildren’scharacteristicreactiontodivorce.Asthechildgrowsolder,thegreateristhelikelihoodofafreeexpressionofavarietyofcomplexfeelings,anunderstandingofthosefeelings,andarealizationthatthedecisiontodivorcecannotbedistributedtoanyonesimplecause.Self-blamevirtuallydisappearsaftertheageof6,fearofabandonmentdiminishesaftertheageof8,andtheconfusionandfearoftheyoungchildisreplacedintheolderchildbyshame,anger,andself-reflection.

Genderofthechildisalsoafactorthatpredictsthenatureofreactiontodivorce.Theimpactofdivorceisinitiallygreateronboysthanongirls.Theyaremoreaggressive,lesscompliant,havegreaterdifficultiesininterpersonalrelationships,andexhibitproblembehaviorsbothathomeandatschool.Furthermore,theadjustmentproblemsofboysarestillnoticeableeventwoyearsafterthedivorce.Girls’adjustmentproblemsareusuallyinternalizedratherthanactedout,andareoftenresolvedbythesecondyearafterthedivorce.However,newproblemsmaysurfaceforgirlsastheyenteradolescenceandadulthood.Howcantherelativelygreaterimpactofdivorceonboysthanongirlsbeexplained?Thegreatermaleaggressionandnoncompliancemayreflectthefactthatsuchbehaviorsaretoleratedandevenencouragedinmalesinourculturemorethantheyareinfemales.Furthermore,boysmayhaveaparticularneedforastrongmalemodelofself-control,aswellasforastrongdisciplinarianparent.Finally,boysaremorelikelytobeexposedtotheirparents’fightsthangirlsare,andafterthebreakup,boysarelesslikelythangirlstoreceivesympathyandsupportfrommothers,teachers,orpeers.

1.Itishardfortemperamental,irritablekidstoadapttoparentaldivorcebecause（）.

2.ThefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT（）.

3.Whydoesparentaldivorcehavegreatereffectsonboysthanongirlsaccordingtotheauthor?

4.Whatdoesthepassagemainlyconveytothereaders?

问题1选项

A.theyaretoomuchdisruptedbythelifechange

B.thefamilybreakupmakesthemfeelverysensitive

C.thegreatstressoftheirfamiliesdiminishestheirability

D.theyencountermoreparents’fightsthantheeasy-goingchildren

问题2选项

A.asix-year-oldboymayfeelbeingdesertedbyhisparents

B.divorceisusuallycausedbymorethanonereason

C.ayounggirlmayfeelmoreshamefulonparentaldivorcethananolderboy

D.asthekidsgrowolder,theyhaveabetterunderstandingofdivorce

问题3选项

A.Becauseallculturestoleratemaleaggressionandnoncompliance.

B.Becauseboysarebasicallymoreself-disciplinedthangirls.

C.Becausemalesareusuallyviewedasthemodelsinself-control.

D.Becauseboysarealwaysinvolvedintheirparents’fights.

问题4选项

A.Kidsofdifferentagesbehavedifferentlyfacingparentaldivorce.

B.Theimpactofdivorceonkidsvariesinpersonality,ageandgender.

C.Boysmaybecomemoreaggressivethangirlsindisruptedfamilies.

D.Parentaldivorcehasanegativeeffectonchildrenallthroughtheirlives.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:B

【解析】第1题:1.根据第一段第三句“...childrendescribedastemperamentalandirritablehavemoredifficultycopingwithparentaldivorce,asindeedtheyhavemoredifficultyadaptingtolifechangeingeneral.”喜怒无常和易怒的孩子更难以面对父母离异，因为他们确实更难以适应生活的变化。选项A符合原文。

2.根据第二段最后一句“theconfusionandfearoftheyoungchildisreplacedintheolderchildbyshame,anger,andself-reflection.”年幼孩子的困惑和恐惧被年长孩子的羞愧、愤怒和自我反省所取代。选项C正好与之相反，所以不正确。

3.根据第三段的内容可知，父母离异对男孩的影响比女孩大是因为在我们的文化中，容忍和鼓励男性具有攻击性和桀骜不驯，选项A中的“allcultures”表述不正确;此外，男孩可能特别需要树立一个强大的自律的男性形象，也需要父母严格自律；最后，男孩比女孩更容易受到父母争吵的影响，而在父母离异后，男孩比女孩更不容易得到母亲、老师或同龄人的同情和支持。选项B在文中没有提及;选项D不符合原文，只有选项C符合原文，所以本题选C。

4.结合文章内容可知，首段一二句为本文的主旨句，所有经历过父母离异的孩子会有不同的行为方式，具体的行为取决于孩子的个性、特征、父母离异时的年龄和性别。选项B正确。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

2.单选题

Thekeytosuccessisrememberingthateveryhurdlecrossedisonelesshurdleinthe（

）ofyourpersonalambition.

问题1选项

A.pursuit

B.proportion

C.promotion

D.propulsion

【答案】A

【解析】pursuit追求;proportion比例;promotion促进,推销;propulsion推进,推进力。根据句意可知选项中能和目标搭配的只有选项A。

3.单选题

It’sdifficultformyfatherto（

）withoutacane.

问题1选项

A.talkback

B.sitin

C.standout

D.getround

【答案】D

【解析】talkback顶嘴,反驳；sitin旁听,参加；standout站出来,坚持到底；getround四处走动。句意:没有手杖,父亲很难四处走动。选项D符合语境。

4.单选题

This（

）wasconductedtofindouthowmanypeoplepreferTVseriestofilms.

问题1选项

A.examination

B.inspection

C.analysis

D.survey

【答案】D

【解析】根据句意:目的在于弄清楚多少人更喜欢看电视连续剧而不是电影。由此可以推断,这是一项调查,所以选项D符合语境。

5.单选题

InFebruaryof2005,PhilBelfiorewasteachinghisseventh-gradestudentshowtowriteapoemintentionallycopyingthestyleoftheRobertfrost’s“StoppingbyWoodsonaSnowyEvening”.Helikedthesamplethathehadwrittenforthem,soherecordeditonhishomeansweringmachine:“WhosephonethisisIthinkyouknow/Icannotansweritnowthough/Sostateyourname,beveryclear/I’llcallyoubackwhenIgethome.’’.

Thatactwouldleadtooneofthemostunusualfriendshipsofhislife.

WhenPhilandhisfamilyreturnedtoMarylandfromEastervacation,helistenedtohisvoicemessages.Onegentlemancallerapologizedfordialingthewrongnumber.Butheaddedhe’dheartilyenjoyedthepoem.Phillaughedandthoughtnothingmoreofit,untilthephonerangafewdayslater.

“Irecognizedthevoiceimmediately,”recallsPhil,now57.“Hesaidthathewassorrytobotherme,buthewascallingtohearthepoemagain.”

Thetwomentalked.JohnThompson,aveterannow73,livedinCheyenneWyoming.Itturnedoutthathisbrother,David’sphonenumberwasdifferentfromPhil’sbyonedigit,thusthewrongnumber.“Beforehangingup,Itoldhimtocallbackanytimewhethertohearmoreofthepoemorjusttotalk”recallsPhil.

Thatwas11yearsago.They’vespokenonthephoneafewtimesamontheversince.Johninitiatesmostcalls,butPhilwillringifawhilehaspassed.“Weseemtoalwaysconnectwhenthere’sbeenabigsportsevent.”Philsays.

Themendiscussfootballandfamily.JohnwilltalkexcitedlyabouthispastlifeorupdatePhilonfolkshehasbeenintouchwith.“Slowlyovertheyearsourconversationshavegrownmuchmorepersonal,”saysPhil.“WetalkprimarilyaboutJohn’shealth,andlovelife.Alsoourrelatives,hobbies,andwhateverelsecomesup.Sometimeswejusttalkforaminutetoseehowtheotherisdoing.”

“Likeoldfriends?”Iaskeagerly.I’mtryingtounderstandfromPhilwhatdrawsthesementoeachother.’’Weareoldfriends.’’,Philsays.

Noneedtooverthinkit.John,whoover11yearshassharedalittleofhimselfatatime,haswovenhimselfintothefabricofPhil’slife.IcallJohnandfindhimanengagingstorytellerwithanexceptionalmemory.HetellsmestoriesofhischildhoodvisitingCapitolHill.

Intheyearssince,JohnandPhilhaveplannedtomeettwice,butcircumstancesconspiredagainstthem.Neithermindsthislatest“haven’t”.Theyhaven’tgonetoagametogether,hadacupofcoffeetogether,orsatontheotherssofa.Theirfriendshipisbasedonthesimpleactofpickingupthephone.It’sassimple,andasextraordinary,asthat.

1.WhocomposedtheverseonthePhil’shomeansweringmachine?

2.ThereasonwhyJohnfirstcalledPhilwasthathewantedto_______.

3.Whatdidthetwomentalkaboutmostduringtheirtalks?

4.WhatdoweknowaboutJohnandPhil?

问题1选项

A.PhilBelfiore

B.JohnThompson

C.Robertfrost

D.DavidThompson

问题2选项

A.learntowritepoems

B.gotoPhil’sbirthdaylunch

C.connecthisbrother

D.discussRobertfrostwithhim

问题3选项

A.Storiesandholidayromance

B.Travelandexoticplaces

C.Poemsandliterature

D.Sportsandfamily

问题4选项

A.Theywerebestfriendswhohadnotyetmetinperson.

B.Theywerebothpoetswhohadpassionforversecomposition.

C.Theyweregoodstorytellerswhohadextraordinarymemories.

D.Theywerebothveteranswholikedchattingonphoneforhours.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

【解析】1.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干：谁编著了菲尔家答录机里的这首诗？通过题干定位到文章第一段的第二句话Helikedthesamplethathehadwrittenforthem,soherecordeditonhishomeansweringmachine（他很喜欢他写给学生的样例，所以他将其录入了家里的答录机），这里的“he”代指的就是前文中提到的“PhilBelfiore”，因此A选项“菲尔•贝尔菲奥尔”，符合题意。其他选项均不是答录机里这首诗的作家。综上所述，本题正确答案为A选项。

2.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干：约翰首次呼叫菲尔的原因是他想要……？通过题干定位到文章第三段第二句话Onegentlemancallerapologizedfordialingthewrongnumber.（一位绅士为打错电话而道歉。），第五段第三句话再次提及Itturnedoutthathisbrother,David’sphonenumberwasdifferentfromPhil’sbyonedigit,thusthewrongnumber.（约翰的哥哥大卫的电话号码和菲尔家的仅差一个数字，所以打错了电话），可以推断出约翰本来想和他的哥哥打电话，因为按错了号码打给了菲尔，因此C选项“联系他哥哥”，符合题意；A选项“学习怎么写诗”，B选项“参加菲尔的生日宴会”和D选项“和他探讨罗伯特这位诗人”，在文中均未提及。综上所述，本题正确答案为C选项。

3.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干：两位男士谈论得最多的是?通过题干定位到文章第七段Themendiscussfootballandfamily…“Slowlyovertheyearsourconversationshavegrownmuchmorepersonal,’’saysPhil.“WetalkprimarilyaboutJohn’shealth,andlovelife.Alsoourrelatives,hobbies,andwhateverelsecomesup…”（男人们谈论足球和家庭……“这些年来，我们的谈话慢慢变得越来越私人。”菲尔说。“我们主要谈论约翰的健康和感情生活，还有我们的亲戚、爱好和其他的……”），可知D选项“运动和家庭”，符合题意；A选项“故事和假期”；B选项“旅行和异国”；C选项“诗歌和文学”，在文中均未提及。综上所述，本题正确答案为D选项。

4.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干：关于约翰和菲尔，我们知道什么？A选项“他们是没有见过面的最好的朋友”，由文章最后一段第一句话JohnandPhilhaveplannedtomeettwice,butcircumstancesconspiredagainstthem.（约翰和菲尔有过两次见面计划，但是情况都有变动。），可知他们从没见面过，故A选项正确；B选项“他们都是对诗歌创作很有热情的诗人”，D选项“他们都是喜欢长时间打电话的退伍军人”文中提及菲尔是教师，约翰是退伍老兵，因此B，D选项错误；C选项“他们都是有特殊回忆的善于说故事的人”，文章倒数第二段第二句提及IcallJohnandfindhimanengagingstorytellerwithanexceptionalmemory.（我认为约翰是一位有特殊回忆的善于说故事的人），但是并没有提及菲尔是否擅长讲故事，C选项属于原文的过度推断，故排除。综上所述，本题正确答案为A选项。

6.翻译题

“Backtobusinessasusual”wastherallyingcrytakenupbyNewYorkersayearago,afterterroristsdestroyedtheWorldTradeCenter.Remarkably,asortofnormalityhasreturnedtothecity.Thefirstfewmonthsaftertheattackweredreadful,butthenewyearbroughtnewhope;touristsandbusinessmenstartedtoreturn;thehotelsandBroadwayshowsbegantofillup.Thissummer,thecity’seconomyhasreportedlyresumedgrowthafteradeeprecession.

Evenso,itwouldbewrongtoconcludethatlifehasreturnedtonormal.NewYorkremainsconsumedwithgriefforthethousandsofliveslost,rememberedthisweekincountlessservicesthroughoutthecity一bigandsmall,privateandpublic.Themostmovingwasthereadingofthenamesofeachmurderedindividual,whichcamejustafteroneminute’ssilencewasobservedat8:46a.m.onSeptember11th,theexactanniversaryofthefirstplanehittingthefirsttower.CanNewYorkeverhavebeensoquiet?

TherewasabriefmomentofcollectivepanicaroundMemorialDayinlateMay,afterthefederalgovernmentstartedsharingitsfearsthatterroristsmighttargetcitieswithweaponsofmassivedestructionandtheNewYorkTimesMagazineranacoverstoryexploringwhatmighthappenifanuclearbombwentoffinTimesSquare.Butthisweek’sceremonieshavepushedthesefearsoncemoretotheforefrontofpeople’sminds.

HowcanNewYorkersachievethe“closure”mostofthemyearnforwhentheyknowthatthosewhotooktheirfriendsandcolleaguescouldathandmomentcomebacktoforthem?Therewillbeacollectivesighofreliefoncethisanniversaryweekhasbeen(hopefully)safelynegotiated,butmostNewYorkerswillnotforgetthatwhatmadethecitysuchanattractivetargetayearagocontinuestomakeitthelikeliestfocusforanyfutureattackinAmerica.

Thecity’sboostersclaimthatpeoplewerebondedmorecloselythanevertotheBigApplebythecommunalpullingtogetheroftherecoveryeffort.

Itisdebatablewhetherthiswouldhavehappenediftheterroristshadstruckagain,orhaddonesomoreeffectivelythanwiththefewanthrax-carrying(含有炭疽病毒的)lettersthatwerereceivedlastOctoberfromstill-unknownauthors.Fornow,thelureofNewYorkhaspersuadedmostofitsinhabitantstogamblethatSeptember11thwasaone-off.

Suchcalculationssurelyoverstatetheterrorists’impact,becausetheyassumethattheattackstoppedanascenteconomicup-turninitstracks.ThatgivesinsufficientweighttothedamagethatWallStreetwouldhavesufferedanywayduetothecrisisofinvestorconfidencefollowingthecollapseofEnron,theaccountingscandalsandsoforth.

【答案】五月底的阵亡将士纪念日快到了,大众感到一阵恐慌,因为联邦政府像民众一样担心恐怖分子也许会用大规模杀伤性武器袭击一些城市。纽约《时代》杂志刊登了与封面图片有关的文章,探讨如果核弹在时报广场爆炸会发生什么样的情况。

（但愿）周年纪念周安全度过以后,大众都会松一口气。但是,大多数纽约人不会忘记,既然纽约一年前成为恐怖袭击的目标,它以后仍最有可能成为美国受到袭击的重要目标。

如果恐怖分子再度袭击,如果袭击比去年10月从几位匿名作者那里收到的、含有炭疽病毒的信件更可怕,公众是否还会如此团结,这一点尚有争议。

7.单选题

MichaelYessis,anemeritusprofessorofSportsScienceatCaliforniaStateUniversity,maintainsthat“geneticsonlydeterminesaboutonethirdofwhatanathletecando.Butwiththerighttrainingwecangomuchfurtherwiththatonethirdthanwe’vebeengoing.”YessisbelievesthatU.S.runners,despitetheirimpressiveachievements,are“runningontheirgenetics”.Byapplyingmorescientificmethods,“they’regoingtogomuchfaster”.Thesemethodsincludestrengthtrainingaswellasplyometrics,atechniquepioneeredintheformerSovietUnion.Whereasmostexercisesaredesignedtobuildupstrengthorendurance,plyometricsfocusesonincreasingpower—therateatwhichanathletecanexpendenergy.

Nutritionisanotherareathatsportstrainershavefailedtoaddressadequately.“Manyathletesarenotgettingthebestnutrition,eventhroughsupplements,”Yessisinsists.Eachactivityhasitsownnutritionalneeds.Fewcoaches,forinstance,understandhowdeficienciesintracemineralscanleadtoinjuries.

Focusedtrainingwillalsoplayaroleinenablingrecordstobebroken.“IfweappliedtheRussiantrainingmodeltosomeoftheoutstandingrunnerswehaveinthiscountry,”Yessisasserts,“theywouldbebreakingrecordsleftandright.”

Oneofthemostimportantnewmethodologiesisbiomechanics,thestudyofthebodyinmotion.Abiomechanicfilmsanathleteinactionandthendigitizeshisperformance,recordingthemotionofeveryjointandlimbinthreedimensions.ByapplyingNewton’slawstothesemotions,“wecansaythatthisathlete’srunisnotfastenough;thatthisoneisnotusinghisarmsstronglyenoughduringtake-off,”saysDapena,whousesthesemethodstohelphighjumpers.Todate,however,biomechanicshasmadeonlyasmalldifferencetoathleticperformance.

Revolutionaryideasstillcomefromtheathletesthemselves.Forexample,duringthe1968OlympicsinMexicoCity,arelativelyunknownhighjumpernamedDickFosburywonthegoldbygoingoverthebarbackwards,incompletecontradictionofallthereceivedhigh-jumpingwisdom,amoveinstantlydubbedtheFosburyflop.Fosburyhimselfdidnotknowwhathewasdoing.Thatunderstandingtookthelateranalysisofbiomechanicsspecialists,whoputtheirmindstocomprehendingsomethingthatwastoocomplexandunorthodoxevertohavebeeninventedthroughtheirownmathematicalsimulations.Fosburyalsorequiredanotherelementthatliesbehindmanyimprovementsinathleticperformance:aninnovationinathleticequipment.

Intheend,mostpeoplewhoexaminehumanperformancearehumbledbytheresourcefulnessofathletesandthepowersofthehumanbody.“Onceyoustudyathletics,youlearnthatit’savexingcomplexissue,”saysJohnS.Raglin,asportspsychologistatIndianaUniversity.“Coreperformanceisnotasimpleormundanethingofhigher,faster,longer.Somanyvariablesenterintotheequation,andourunderstandinginmanycasesisfundamental.We’vegotalongwaytogo,”Fortheforeseeablefuture,recordswillbemadetobebroken.

1.Whatisthecontributionofplyometrics?

2.Thepurposeofemployingbiomechanicsfilmsisto（）.

3.Asregardsthestudyofathletics,JohnS.Raglinbelievesthatitis（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Speedinguptherateofathletes’metabolism.

B.Makingclearspecificationsofphysicalexercises.

C.Perfectingthetechniquepioneeredinbreakingrecords

D.Helpingrunnersdevelopstrengthandendurance.

问题2选项

A.providematerialsforsportsfilmshooting

B.highlightareasforimprovementinathletes

C.assessthefitnesslevelsofpotentialathletes

D.skimoffpromisingathletesthroughanalysis

问题3选项

A.fundamental

B.challenging

C.complicated

D.theoretical

问题4选项

A.InventionoftheFosburyFlop.

B.ExplorationofAthleticPerformance.

C.Effectofnutritionandtraining.

D.Importanceofgenetics.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:B

【解析】第1题:1.根据第一段最后一句“Whereasmostexercisesaredesignedtobuildupstrengthorendurance,plyometricsfocusesonincreasingpower一therateatwhichanathletecanexpendenergy.”鉴于大多数锻炼旨在增强力量和耐力,增强式训练主要集中在增强力量——即运动员可以消耗体能的速度。也就是加快运动员新陈代谢的速度。选项A符合原文。

2.根据第四段的内容可知,生物力学电影主要是记录运动中的运动员的各种情况,从而可以知道他们哪里做得不够好,也就是有待提高,所以选项B正确。

3.根据关键词“JohnS.Raglin”定位到最后一段第二句“Onceyoustudyathletics,youlearnthatit’savexingcomplexissue”JohnS.Raglin认为一旦你学习体育,你就会发现它是一个令人烦恼的复杂问题。选项C正确。

4.结合文章内容可知,本文主要是探讨运动员的运动表现,选项B更全面,其他选项均是细节描述。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

8.单选题

SomepeoplewouldliketodoshoppingonSundayssincetheyexpecttopickupwonderful（

）inthemarket.

问题1选项

A.batteries

B.bargains

C.baskets

D.barrels

【答案】B

【解析】句意:有些人喜欢在星期天购物,因为他们希望在市场上买到物美价廉的东西。bargains做名词表示特价商品。所以选项B正确。

9.单选题

Theswimmingpoolisthechildren’sfavorite（

）inthesummer.

问题1选项

A.cradle

B.haunt

C.heading

D.hedge

【答案】B

【解析】cradle摇篮,发源地；haunt常去的地方；heading标题；hedge树篱,障碍。句意:游泳池是孩子们夏天最爱去的地方。选项B符合句意。

10.单选题

ThenewdocumentaryBullyispowerfulstuff.Trytogetthroughevenjusttheopeningsequencewithouttearingup.Hopefullyitwillwakeupparents,teachers,andschooladministrators.Butlet’salsohopetheyrespondthoughtfullytothisburningfilm,becausetooofteninourrushtoaddressaproblem,Americaneducatorsandpoliticianshaveawell-intentionedoverreactionthatminimizescommonsenseinfavorofblanketsolutions.

ManyschoolsintheUnitedStatesaregenuinelytryingtocurbchild-on-childabuseand,atlonglast,arepayingmoreattentiontothecruel,unpleasantremarks.Butatthesametime,wehavetorememberthatnoteveryunpleasant,orevenadverse,interactionbetweenstudentsconstitutesbullying.Insomeplaces,anti-bullyingpoliciesarenowsoexpansivethattheymakeeye-rollingapunishableoffense,lumpingitinwithotherformsofverbalandphysicalassault.Doingsonotonlytakesaseriousissuetotherealmoftheabsurd,italsodilutestheimportanceofanti-bullyingeffortsingeneral.Ifeverythingisbullying,thennothingis.

Somekidshavealreadyfiguredouthowtoturnthenewsystemonitshead.Insomeschools’zealtoaddressbullying,everyclaimisimmediatelyelevatedbeyondtheclassroomteachertoameetingwiththeprincipal.AparentinCaliforniasaidthatlastmonththatanelementary-schoolbullybeganthreateningtoreporthervictimsasbulliessotheywouldhavetosufferthroughsuchameeting—andineffectcreatingabullyinghallofmirrors.

We’vebeenherebefore.Weaponsanddrugsinschoolsareaseriousproblem,too.Inresponse,schooldistricts,states,andthefederalgovernmentbegantofavorzero-tolerancepolicies.Inshortorder,“zero-tolerance”policiesbecamethejokingpointforlate-nightcomicsaskidsweresuspendedforbringingtoschoolaspirin,acnemedicine,oraG.I.Joedollwithasmallplasticgun.

Theobviouslessonthereandwithbullyingisthatthereisnosubstitutefordiscretionandjudgmentbytheadultsincharge.Insomecircumstances,eye-rollingcouldbeabusivebehaviorjustasaspirincanbeusedorabused.Butadultsshouldn’tgiveupthehardroleofmakingnuancedjudgmentcallsbycreatingridiculouslyrigiddisciplinecodes.Replacingthoughtlessinactionwiththoughtlessactionwon’tsolvetheproblem.

1.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutpeople’sreactiontobullying?

2.Whatisthestrategyofthekidsindealingwithanti-bullyingpolicies?

3.The“zero-tolerance”policiestowardsdrugsandweaponsendedupbeing（）.

4.Theword“there”inthefirstlineofthelastparagraphrefersto（）.

问题1选项

A.Theywakeupthoughtfully.

B.Theydemonstratelittlecommonsense.

C.Theyattachimportancetothefilm.

D.Theygotoofar.

问题2选项

A.Toassaulttheprincipalatthemeeting.

B.Toturntheclassroomintoawallofmirrors.

C.Topayattentiontokids’verbalremarks.

D.Torenderthemineffectivebyabusingbullying.

问题3选项

A.elevated

B.suspended

C.ridiculed

D.condemned

问题4选项

A.witheye-rollingandpunishableoffenses

B.withverbalandphysicalassault

C.withaspirinandacnemedicine

D.withdrugsandweapons

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:D

【解析】第1题:1.根据第一段最后一句“...Americaneducatorsandpoliticianshaveawell-intentionedoverreactionthatminimizescommonsenseinfavorofblanketsolutions.”因为在我们急于解决问题的过程中,美国教育家和政客往往出于善意,反应过度,而忽略了有利于全面解决方案的常识。所以选项D（他们反应过度）符合原文。选项B是选项D产生的结果,所以选项D更恰当。

2.根据第三段第一句“Somekidshavealreadyfiguredouthowtoturnthenewsystemonitshead.”有些孩子已经想出办法如何颠覆这个新系统。根据本段的例子也可以看出,孩子们恃强凌弱使得系统失去效率。选项D符合原文。

3.根据第四段最后一句““zero-tolerance”policiesbecamethejokingpoint.”零容忍政策成为了一个笑柄。选项C与原文意思相近。

4.根据原文可知,前面两段分别讲了校园欺凌和毒品武器的问题,最后一段总结这两种事件给人们带来的经验教训。所以there指的是持有毒品和武器,选项D符合原文。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

11.单选题

Thetigercontinuedto（

）usbywalkingroundandroundourtent.

问题1选项

A.trap

B.transplant

C.menace

D.provoke

【答案】C

【解析】trap诱骗,设陷阱；transplant移植；menace威胁,恐吓；provoke激怒,煽动。句意:老虎围绕着帐篷转来转去,继续威胁着我们。选项C符合句意。

12.单选题

MarythoughtshewouldnevermeetTomagain,butbyacurious（

）theyfinallymet.

问题1选项

A.coincidence

B.incidence

C.incident

D.accident

【答案】A

【解析】coincidence一致,巧合;incidence发生率;incident事件,事变;accident事故,意外。句意:玛丽以为她再也见不到汤姆了,但由于一个奇怪的巧合,他们最终见面了。选项A符合句意。

13.单选题

Inthisfactory,suggestionsoftenhavetowaitformonthsbeforetheyarefully（

）.

问题1选项

A.admitted

B.acknowledged

C.absorbed

D.considered

【答案】D

【解析】句意：在这家工厂，建议往往要等几个月才能得到充分考虑。只有选项D符合句意。

14.单选题

HeexpectedtheHousetopassthebillbyacomfortable（

）.

问题1选项

A.maple

B.marble

C.marsh

D.margin

【答案】D

【解析】形近词辨析。maple枫树；marble大理石；marsh沼泽；均不符合句意。margin指（在时间或票数上领先的）幅度,差额,差数。句意:他希望众议院能以轻松的优势通过这项法案。选项D符合句意。

15.单选题

Acommonmythabouteatingdisordersisthattheyinfluenceprimarilyeconomicallyadvantagedwhiteteenagegirls.However,in（21）,assummarizedintheNineTruths,“Eatingdisorders（22）peopleofallgenders,ages,races,ethnicities,bodyshapesandweights,sexualorientations,andsocioeconomicstatuses.”

Oneofthe（23）withthemythisthatitcanpreventthosewhodonotmatchthestereotypefrom（24）theyhaveaneatingdisorder.Italsodiscouragesprofessionals（25）noticingothercasesofeatingdisorders.Astudyin2006foundthatdoctorsornurseswerelesslikelyto（26）aneatingdisorderdiagnosistoaperson（27）his/hercasehistoryifhis/herracewas（28）asAfricanAmericanthanifitwasportrayedasCaucasianorHispanicWhites.

Indeed,manyeatingdisorder（29）fromdiversebackgroundshavenow（30）andsaidthattheirfailuretofitthestereotypecauseddelaysindiagnosisand（31）.Asweknow,earlyinterventionsignificantly（32）treatmentoutcome,sosuchdelaysmayleadtoserious（33）.

WhenIworkwithpeopleofdiversebackgrounds,they（34）tellmetheyarefrustratedthatmainstreameatingdisordernarrativesdonotportraypeoplewho（35）them.Notonlythepopularmedia,buteventhemarketingmaterialsofmanyeatingdisordertreatmentcenters（36）todescribeeatingdisordersufferersmostlyasthecommonstereotype:female,white,andthin.

Peopleof（37）backgroundsfindithelpfultoseethemselves（38）instoriesandimagesabouteatingdisorders.Theymaybemorelikelyto（39）theirownproblemandseekhelpwhentheyfeelincluded.（40）,Ithoughtitwouldbeusefultosharesomeofmyfavoriteeatingdisorderresourcesbybout,andforpeopleofdiversebackgrounds.

问题1选项

A.reality

B.part

C.particular

D.turn

问题2选项

A.effect

B.affect

C.defect

D.perfect

问题3选项

A.projects

B.problems

C.proposals

D.programs

问题4选项

A.emphasizing

B.confirming

C.recognizing

D.persuading

问题5选项

A.of

B.for

C.into

D.from

问题6选项

A.assign

B.attribute

C.adjust

D.attach

问题7选项

A.tobebasedon

B.basingon

C.basedon

D.baseon

问题8选项

A.initiated

B.illustrated

C.appointed

D.portrayed

问题9选项

A.designers

B.researchers

C.operators

D.sufferers

问题10选项

A.comeout

B.comeon

C.comeacross

D.comeover

问题11选项

A.performance

B.treatment

C.maturity

D.protection

问题12选项

A.denies

B.challenges

C.improves

D.interrupts

问题13选项

A.consequences

B.resolutions

C.bargains

D.puzzle

问题14选项

A.crazily

B.consistently

C.confidentially

D.cruelly

问题15选项

A.assemble

B.innovate

C.resemble

D.trigger

问题16选项

A.continue

B.refuse

C.cease

D.pretend

问题17选项

A.historical

B.conventional

C.normal

D.diverse

问题18选项

A.excluded

B.reflected

C.conveyed

D.realized

问题19选项

A.underestimate

B.survey

C.overlook

D.recognize

问题20选项

A.However

B.Furthermore

C.Otherwise

D.Therefore

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:D

第6题:A

第7题:B

第8题:D

第9题:D

第10题:A

第11题:B

第12题:C

第13题:A

第14题:B

第15题:C

第16题:A

第17题:D

第18题:B

第19题:D

第20题:D

【解析】21.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】考查固定搭配。A选项inreality“事实上”；B选项inpart“某种程度上，局部地”；C选项inparticular“特殊的”；D选项inturn“轮流，依次”。根据缺空处前一句Acommonmythabouteatingdisordersisthattheyinfluenceprimarilyeconomicallyadvantagedwhiteteenagegirls.（曾经一个普遍的说法是饮食失调主要影响那些有得天独厚优势的白人青少年女性。），然后本句开头使用了however，可见前后句子存在转折关系，因此A选项符合题意。

22.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项effect“产生，达到目的”；B选项affect“影响，感染”；C选项defect“变节，叛变”；D选项perfect“使完美，使熟练”。根据第一句话句意和关系词however可知，前后句子存在转折的关系。此句意思是，事实上，饮食失调对所有人都有影响。因此，空格处填入的动词为影响，本题的正确答案为B选项。

23.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项project“项目，工程”；B选项problem“问题，难题”；C选项proposal“建议，求婚”；D选项program“程序，规划”。本句句意：Oneofthe_____withthemythisthatitcanpreventthosewhodonot