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住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-北京航空航天大学考试名师押题精选卷I(带答案详解)(图片可根据实际调整大小)题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

Theystoodgazingatthehappy()ofchildrenplayinginthepark.

问题1选项

A.perspective

B.view

C.landscape

D.scene

【答案】D

【解析】名词近义词辨析。句意:他们站在那儿,凝视着在公园里玩耍的孩子们的快乐场景。perspective远景,透视图;view视野,风景;landscape风景,风景画;scene特定地点的景色,场景。D项在表示场景时,场景中通常包括了其中的人物及其活动,所以本题选D。

2.单选题

Recentresearchhasclaimedthatanexcessofpositiveionsintheaircanhaveanilleffectonpeople’sphysicalorpsychologicalhealth.Whatarepositiveions?Well,theairisfullofions,electri-callychargedparticles,andgenerallythereisaroughbalancebetweenthepositiveandthenegativecharged.Butsometimesthisbalancebecomesdisturbedandalargerproportionofpositiveionsarefound.Thishappensnaturallybeforethunderstorm,earthquakeswhenwindssuchastheMistral,HamsinorSharavareblowingincertaincountries.Oritcanbecausedbyabuild-upofstaticelec-tricityindoorsfromcarpetsorclothingmadeofman-madefibers,orfromTVsets,duplicatorsorcom-puterdisplayscreens.

Whenalargenumberofpositiveionsarepresent,intheairmanypeopleexperienceunpleasanteffectssuchasheadaches,fatigue,irritability,andsomeparticularlysensitivepeoplesuffernauseaorevenmentaldisturbance.Animalsarealsoaffected,particularlybeforeearthquakes,snakeshavebeenobservedtocomeoutofhibernation,ratstofleefromtheirburrows,dogshowlandcatsjumpabout

unaccountably.ThishasledtheU.S.GeographicalSurveytofundanetwork,ofvolunteerstowatchanimalsinanefforttoforeseesuchdisastersbeforetheyhitvulnerableareassuchasCalifornia.

Conversely,whenlargenumbersofnegativeionsarepresent,thenpeoplehaveafeelingofwell-being.Naturalconditionsthatproducetheselargeamountsarenearthesea,closetowaterfallsorfountains,orinanyplacewherewaterissprayed,orformsaspray.Thisprobablyaccountsforthebeneficialeffectofaholidaybythesea,orinthemountainswithtumblingstreamsorwaterfalls.

Toincreasethesupplyofnegativeionsindoors,somescientistsrecommendtheuseofionizers:smallportablemachines,whichgeneratenegativeions.Theyclaimthationizersnotonlycleanandrefreshtheairbutalsoimprovethehealthofpeoplesensitivetoexcesspositiveions.Ofcourse,therearethedetractors,otherscientists,whodismisssuchclaimsandareskepticalaboutnegative/posi-tiveionresearch.Thereforepeoplecanonlymakeuptheirownmindsbyobservingtheeffectson

themselves,oronothers,ofanegativerichorpoorenvironment.Afterallitisdebatablewhetherde-pendingonseismicreadingstoanticipateearthquakesismoreeffectivethanwatchingthecat.

1.Whateffectdoesexceedingpositiveionizationhaveonsomepeople?

2.Inaccordancewiththepassage,staticelectricitycanbecausedby().

3.Ahighnegativeioncountislikelytobefound().

4.Whatkindofmachinecangeneratenegativeionsindoors?

5.Accordingtothepassage,somescientistsbelievethat()

问题1选项

A.Theythinktheyareinsane.

B.Theybecomeratherbad-tempered.

C.Theybecomeviolentlysick.

D.Theyaretootiredtodoanything.

问题2选项

A.usinghome-madegoods

B.wearingclothesmadeofnaturalmaterials

C.walkingoncarpets

D.cleaningcomputerscreens

问题3选项

A.nearaparkinglot

B.closetoaslow-flowingriver

C.insomebarrenmountains

D.byarotatingwatersprinkler

问题4选项

A.Ionizers.

B.Air-conditioners.

C.Exhaust-fans.

D.Vacuumpumps.

问题5选项

A.watchinganimalstoanticipateearthquakesismoreeffectivethandependingonseismography

B.theunusualbehaviorofanimalscannotbeexplained

C.neitherwatchingnorusingseismographsisreliable

D.earthquakecannotbepredicted

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节题。第二段指出:Whenalargenumberofpositiveionsarepresent,intheairmanypeopleexperienceunpleasanteffectssuchasheadaches,fatigue,irritability,andsomeparticularlysensitivepeoplesuffernauseaorevenmentaldisturbance.因此,B项“人会变得易怒”正确。

2.细节题。根据题干关键词“staticelectricity”定位至第一段:Oritcanbecausedbyabuild-upofstaticelectricityindoorsfromcarpetsorclothingmadeofman-madefibers,orfromTVsets,duplicatorsorcom-puterdisplayscreens(也可能是由于室内地毯或人造纤维制成的衣服或电视机、复印机或电脑显示屏产生的静电积聚所致)。因此C选项“在地毯上行走”是静电产生的原因之一。

3.细节题。根据题干关键词“negativeion”定位至第三段:Naturalconditionsthatproducetheselargeamountsarenearthesea,closetowaterfallsorfountains,orinanyplacewherewaterissprayed,orformsaspray(产生这些大量负离子的自然条件是靠近大海,靠近瀑布或喷泉,或在喷洒水的任何地方,或形成喷雾剂),因此D项“通过旋转洒水车”正确。

4.细节题。根据题干关键词“negativeionsindoors”定位至最后一段:Toincreasethesupplyofnegativeionsindoors,somescientistsrecommendtheuseofionizers.由此可知,ionizers(离子发生器)可以制造室内负离子。A项正确。

5.细节题。最后一段指出:Afterallitisdebatablewhetherdependingonseismicreadingstoanticipateearthquakesismoreeffectivethanwatchingthecat(依靠地震知识预测地震是否比观察猫更有效还存在争议),因此A项正确。

3.单选题

Picture-takingisatechniquebothforannexingtheobjectiveworldandforexpressingthesingularself.Photographsdepictobjectiverealitiesthatalreadyexist,thoughonlythecameracandisclosethem.Andtheydepictanindividualphotographer’stemperament,discoveringitselfthroughthecamera’scroppingofreality.Thatis,photographyhastwoantitheticalideals:inthefirst,photographyisabouttheworldandthephotographerisamereobserverwhocountsforlittle;butinthesecond,photographyistheinstrumentofintrepid,questingsubjectivityandthephotographerisall.

Theseconflictingidealsarisefromafundamentaluneasinessonthepartofbothphotographersandviewersofphotographstowardtheaggressivecomponentin“taking”apicture.Accordingly,theidealofaphotographerasanobserverisattractivebecauseitimplicitlydeniesthatpicture-takingisanaggressiveact.Theissue,ofcourse,isnotsoclear-cut.Whatphotographersdocannotbecharacterizedassimplypredatoryorassimply,andessentially,benevolent.Asaconsequence,oneidealofpicture-takingortheotherisalwaysbeingrediscoveredandchampioned.

Animportantresultofthecoexistenceofthesetwoidealsisarecurrentambivalencetowardphotography’smeans.Whatevertheclaimsthatphotographymightmaketobeaformofpersonalexpressiononaparwithpainting,itsoriginalityisinextricablylinkedtothepowersofamachine.Thesteadygrowthofthesepowershasmadepossibletheextraordinaryinformativenessandimaginativeformalbeautyofmanyphotographs,likeHaroldEdgerton’shigh-speedphotographsofabullethittingitstargetoroftheswirlsandeddiesofatennisstroke.Butascamerasbecomemoresophisticated,moreautomated,somephotographersaretemptedtodisarmthemselvesortosuggestthattheyarenotreallyarmed,preferringtosubmitthemselvestothelimitsimposedbypremoderncameratechnologybecauseacruder,lesshigh-poweredmachineisthoughttogivemoreinterestingoremotiveresults,toleavemoreroomforcreativeaccident.Forexample,ithasbeenvirtuallyapointofhonorformanyphotographers,includingWalkerEvansandCartierBresson,torefusetousemodernequipment.Thesephotographershavecometodoubtthevalueofthecameraasaninstrumentof“fastseeing”.CartierBresson,infact,claimsthatthemoderncameramayseetoofast.

Thisambivalencetowardphotographicmeansdeterminestrendsintaste.Thecultofthefuture(offasterandfasterseeing)alternatesovertimewiththewishtoreturntoapurerpast—whenimageshadahandmadequality.Thisnostalgiaforsomepristinestateofthephotographicenterpriseiscurrentlywidespreadandunderliesthepresent-dayenthusiasmfordaguerreotypesandthewokofforgottennineteenth-centuryprovincialphotographers.Photographersandviewersofphotographs,itseems,needperiodicallytoresisttheirownknowingness.

1.Accordingtothepassage,interestamongphotographersineachofphotography’stwoidealscanbedescribedas()

2.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith

()

3.TheauthormentionstheworkofHaroldEdgertoninordertoprovideanexampleof()

4.Accordingtothepassage,thetwoantitheticalidealsofphotographydifferprimarilyinthe

()

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldbemostlikelytobegintheparagraphimmediatelyfollow-ingthepassage?

问题1选项

A.rapidlychanging

B.cyclicallyrecurring

C.steadilygrowing

D.unimportanttotheviewersofphotographs

问题2选项

A.establishingnewtechnicalstandardsforcontemporaryphotography

B.analyzingtheinfluenceofphotographicidealsonpicture-taking

C.tracingthedevelopmentofcameratechnologyinthetwentiethcentury

D.describinghowphotographers’individualtemperamentsarereflectedintheirwork

问题3选项

A.howacontrolledambivalencetowardphotography’smeanscanproduceoutstandingpictures

B.howthecontentofphotographshaschangedfromthenineteenthcenturytothetwentieth

C.thepopularityofhigh-speedphotographyinthetwentiethcentury

D.therelationshipbetweenphotographicoriginalityandtechnology

问题4选项

A.valuethateachplacesonthebeautyofthefinishedproduct

B.emphasisthateachplacesontheemotionalimpactofthefinishedproduct

C.degreeoftechnicalknowledgethateachrequiresofthephotographer

D.wayinwhicheachdefinestheroleofthephotographer

问题5选项

A.Photographers,asaresultoftheirheightenedawarenessoftime,areconstantlytryingtocap-tureeventsandactionsthatarefleeting.

B.Thusthecultofthefuture,theworshipofmachinesandspeed,isfirmlyestablishedinspiteofeffortstothecontrarybysomephotographers.

C.Therejectionoftechnicalknowledge,however,canneverbecompleteandphotographycan-notforanylengthoftimepretendthatithasnoweapons.

D.Thepointofhonorinvolvedinrejectingcomplexequipmentis,however,ofnosignificancetotheviewerofaphotograph.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.第二段最后一句提到两种理想拍照方式中总会有一种在某段时间内被重新发现并占主要地位。所以说拍摄者的兴趣在两种理想模式间是循环往复的,故B项正确。

2.作者最后说明了两种拍照理念对于摄影发展的影响。所以B项“分析拍摄理念对于摄影的影响”符合文意,B项正确。

3.根据题干关键词定位至第三段:Whatevertheclaimsthatphotographymight....Thesteadygrowthofthesepowershasmadepossibletheextraordinaryinformativenessandimaginativeformalbeautyofmanyphotographs,likeHaroldEdgerton’shigh-speedphotographsofabullethittingitstargetoroftheswirlsandeddiesofatennisstroke”。作者以HaroldEdgerton为例,说明了摄影师和机器设备之间的关系。D项正确。

4.第二段第一句话:“Theseconflictingidealsarisefromafundamentaluneasinessonthepartofbothphotographersandviewersofphotographstowardtheaggressivecomponentintakingapicture.”。这两种对立的观念主要在于摄影师和旁观者在摄影时是否扮演着积极的角色。D项正确。

5.题干问的是“文章接下来将会讨论什么?”最后一句话为:Photographersandviewersofphotographs,itseems,needperiodicallytoresisttheirownknowingness(摄影师和旁观者似乎需要质疑自己对摄影的认知)。由此可推测,文章接下来将会继续讲解与拍照认知有关的内容。所以C项正确。

4.写作题

SomeuniversitiesandcollegesinChinarequiretheirPhDstudentstopublishresearchpapersinEnglish.Writeanessayofnolessthan150wordsaboutyouropiniononthisrequirements.

【答案】PublishingPapersinEnglishBenefitStudents5.单选题

Recentlyanumberofcaseshavebeenreportedofyoungchildren()aviolentactprevi-ouslyseenontelevision.

问题1选项

A.modifying

B.duplicating

C.accelerating

D.stimulating

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析。句意:最近报道了很多案例:孩子们总是以前在电视上见过的暴力行为。modify修改,修饰;duplicate复制,重复;accelerate加速,促进;stimulate刺激。B项duplicate在此可译为“模仿”。

6.单选题

Thetownplanningcommissionsaidthattheirfinancialoutlookforthenextyearwasoptimistic.Theyexpectincreasedtax().

问题1选项

A.efficiency

B.revenues

C.privileges

D.validity

【答案】B

【解析】名词辨析。句意:城镇规划委员会对他们下一年的经济前景持乐观态度。他们期盼税收增加。

efficiency效率;revenue税收,收益;privilege特权;validity有效性。taxrevenue表示“税收”,是常用词组。故本题选B。

7.单选题

Thewoodwassorottenthat,whenwepulled,it()intofragments.

问题1选项

A.brokeaway

B.brokeoff

C.brokeup

D.brokethrough

【答案】C

【解析】短语辨析。句意:木头腐烂成那样了,我们拉它的时候,它就

片了。

brokeaway脱离,放弃,裂开;brokeoff折断,突然停止;brokeup分手,破碎;brokethrough突破。

后半句有一个“fragments(碎片)”,C项符合句意。虽然A项breakaway也可表示“弄碎”的意思,但后面一般不与“into(sth.)”连用。

8.单选题

Mostworthwhilecareersrequiresomekindofspecializedtraining.Ideally,therefore,thechoiceofan(1)shouldbemadeevenbeforechoiceofacurriculuminhighschool.Actually,(2),mostpeoplemakeseveraljobchoicesduringtheirworkinglives,(3)becauseofeconomicandindustrialchangesandpartlytoimprove(4)position.The“oneperfectjob”doesnotexist.Youngpeopleshould(5)enterintoabroadflexibletrainingprogramthatwill(6)themforafieldofworkratherthanforasingle(7)

Unfortunatelymanyyoungpeoplehavetomakecareerplans(8)benefitofhelpfromacompetentvocationalcounselororpsychologist.Knowing(9)abouttheoccupationalworld,orthemselvesforthatmatter,theychoosetheirlifeworkonahit-or-miss(10).Somedriftfromjobtojob.Others(11)toworkinwhichtheyareunhappyandforwhichtheyarenotfitted.

Onecommonmistakeischoosinganoccupationfor(12)realorimaginedprestige.Toomanyhigh-schoolstudents—ortheirparentsforthem—choosetheprofessionalfield,(13)boththerelativelysmallproportionofworkersintheprofessionsandtheextremelyhigheducationalandpersonal(14)Theimaginedorrealprestigeofaprofessionora“white-collar”jobis(15)goodreasonforchoosingitaslife’swork.(16),theseoccupationsarenotalwayswellpaid.Sincealargeproportionofjobsareinmechanicalandmanualwork,the(17)ofyoungpeopleshouldgiveserious(18)tothesefields.

Beforemakinganoccupationalchoice,apersonshouldhaveageneralideaofwhathewants(19)lifeandhowhardheiswillingtoworktogetit.Somewantsecurity;othersarewillingtotake(20)forfinancialgain.Eachoccupationalchoicehasitsdemandsaswellasitsrewards

问题1选项

A.identification

B.entertainment

C.accommodation

D.occupation

问题2选项

A.however

B.therefore

C.though

D.thereby

问题3选项

A.entirely

B.mainly

C.partly

D.especially

问题4选项

A.its

B.his

C.our

D.their

问题5选项

A.since

B.therefore

C.furthermore

D.forever

问题6选项

A.make

B.fit

C.take

D.leave

问题7选项

A.job

B.way

C.means

D.company

问题8选项

A.to

B.for

C.without

D.with

问题9选项

A.little

B.few

C.much

D.alot

问题10选项

A.chance

B.basis

C.purpose

D.opportunity

问题11选项

A.apply

B.appeal

C.stick

D.turn

问题12选项

A.our

B.its

C.your

D.their

问题13选项

A.concerning

B.following

C.considering

D.disregarding

问题14选项

A.preferences

B.requirements

C.tendencies

D.ambitions

问题15选项

A.a

B.any

C.no

D.the

问题16选项

A.Therefore

B.However

C.Nevertheless

D.Moreover

问题17选项

A.majority

B.mass

C.minority

D.multitude

问题18选项

A.proposal

B.suggestion

C.consideration

D.appraisal

问题19选项

A.towards

B.against

C.outof

D.without

问题20选项

A.turns

B.parts

C.choices

D.risks

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:B

第6题:B

第7题:A

第8题:C

第9题:A

第10题:B

第11题:C

第12题:B

第13题:D

第14题:B

第15题:C

第16题:D

第17题:A

第18题:C

第19题:C

第20题:D

【解析】1.此处句意为:职业的选择应该先于高中课程的选择。因此,D项occupation符合句意。

2.空前空后句意为:职业的选择应该先于高中课程的选择,实际上,大多数人在职业生涯中都会做出多种工作选择。因此前后两句为转折关系。表转折关系的只有A、C项,但是C项though后面直接跟句子,不能有逗号,因此A项正确。

3.这里是由and连接的两个原因“becauseof...changes”和“partlytoimprove...”。And前后连接的原因部分结构或者逻辑上应对称。因此,C项partly正确。

4.此处句意为:一部分是因为经济和工业的变化,另一部分是为了升职。因此,D项their(他们的)正确。

5.句意:不存在一份完美的工作。年轻人应该参加丰富多彩的培训项目。前后为因果承接关系。因此,B项therefore正确。

6.句意:这些培训项目将训练他们适应某领域的工作,B项fit与后面的for是固定搭配,表示“适应、胜任(工作等)”,故B项正确。

7.ratherthan“而不是”,表转折,前面提到afieldofwork,所以推测这里是asinglejob,因此A项正确。

8.句子开头为Unfortunately,因此推测此处句意应为:许多年轻人没有得到帮助而不得不做出职业选择,因此C项正确。

9.句子后面出现了hit-or-miss(随意的;漫不经心的),因此推测前面句意为:他们对职场了解不深,

此处应填一个表示“很少”的词,C、D项排除。因此,A项正确。

10.句意:他们随意地选择毕生的事业。ona...basis表示“基于……的原则”。

11.句意:有些人频繁跳槽,而另一些人则自己不喜欢且不适合的工作。applyto适用于,申请;appealto呼吁,诉诸;stickto坚持;turnto转向。因此,C项符合句意。

12.句意:人们在选择职业时常犯的一个错误是,根据该职业实际情况或想象中的职业声望进行选择。因此,B项its正确,指代“occupation’s”。

13.前面指出了人们在选择职业时常犯的一个错误,接下来这句则具体说明这个错误:忽视了职业中相对较少的工人比例和极高的教育和个人要求。因此,D项正确。

14.句意:许多高中生或他们的父母在选择职业时忽视了……教育水平程度和对自身的要求。

preference偏爱,优先权;requirement要求;tendency倾向,趋势;ambitions雄心,抱负。因此,B项正确。

15.前面提到人们根据职业的实际情况或想象职业声望,进行职业选择是错误的,所以,可以推测这里的句意为:“白领”工作的想象中的或真实的声望,并不是选择它作为生活工作的好理由。因此C项正确。

16.句意:“白领”工作的想象中的或真实的声望,并不是选择它作为生活工作的好理由。,这些职业往往工资不高。因此前后两句呈递进关系,D项正确。

17.句意:大部分工作都是机械或体力劳动,大多数年轻人应……。majority多数;mass大量的;minority少数;multitude群众,多数的。虽然D项multitude也表示“多数的”,但一般用“amultitudeof”。因此,A项正确。

18.此处为固定搭配:giveseriousconsiderationto慎重考虑。

19.句意:在做出职业选择之前,一个人应该大体清楚他想要从生活中获得什么。C项outof正确。

20.句意:一些人想要安稳,而另一些人则愿意承受风险以获取更大的收益。此处为固定搭配:takerisksfor为……冒险。

9.单选题

Wearewritingtothemanager()therepairsrecentlycarriedoutattheaboveaddress.

问题1选项

A.withtheexceptionof

B.withthepurposeof

C.withthereferenceto

D.withaviewto

【答案】C

【解析】短语辨析。句意:我们写信给经理,(内容是)()最近在上述地址进行的修理工作。

withtheexceptionof除...以外;withthepurposeof为了;withthereferenceto关于;withaviewto目的在于。因此,C项withthereferenceto关于符合句意。

10.单选题

Heisvery()inhisfamilyandneverdoesanythingagainsthiswife.

问题1选项

A.hence

B.filled

C.enormous

D.humble

【答案】D

【解析】形容词辨析。hence因此;filled填满的;enormous巨大的;humble谦逊的,(级别或地位)低下的。句意:他在家里很(),从不做任何违背他妻子的事。因此,D选项符合句意。

11.单选题

Theymadedetailedinvestigationsto()themselveswiththeneedsofthe

ruralmarket.

问题1选项

A.adhere

B.acknowledge

C.acquaint

D.activate

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配。此处为固定搭配,acquaintwith意为“熟悉,了解”。

12.单选题

Bethworkedhardto()inwiththelocalsduringhervisit.

问题1选项

A.encounter

B.blend

C.merge

D.adapt

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析。句意:贝丝在她的访问期间努力地()当地人中。

encounter遭遇,邂逅,遇到;blend混合,协调,融入;merge合并,使合并,吞,没;adapt适应,改变。

选项Bblendinwith为固定搭配,表示“融入,融合”,符合句意。

13.单选题

Johnwasnotselected();hewaschosenforthejobbecausehehadthemostexperience.

问题1选项

A.deliberately

B.alternatively

C.momentously

D.arbitrarily

【答案】D

【解析】副词辨析。句意:John并不是被()选择的;他被选来承担这份工作是因为他拥有的工作经验最丰富。

deliberately故意地,谨慎地,慎重地;alternatively非此即彼,二者择一地;momentously重大地;arbitrarily随意地,武断地。D选项“随意地”符合句意。

14.单选题

Asoneoftheyoungestprofessorsintheuniversity,MissKingiscertainlyonthe()ofabrilliantcareer.

问题1选项

A.edge

B.porch

C.threshold

D.course

【答案】C

【解析】名词辨析。句意:作为这所大学最年轻的教授之一,金女士当然是站在事业辉煌的

edge边缘,优势;porch走廊,门槛;threshold门槛,入口;course路线,航线。因此,C项threshold符合句意。

15.单选题

Mrs.Greenreceivedan()letterthreateningtoexposeherprivatelifeifsherefusedtopay$10,000.

问题1选项

A.anonymous

B.apparent

C.arbitrary

D.artificial

【答案】A

【解析】形容词辨析。句意:格林太太收到了一封匿名信,威胁说如果她拒绝支付10000美元,就要揭露她的私生活。因此选A。

16.单选题

Government()theuseofseatbeltsinallcars.

问题1选项

A.prevails

B.provokes

C.mediates

D.mandates

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析。句意:政府()在所有车中使用安全带。

prevail胜过,获胜,生效,流行;provoke激起,挑衅;mediate调解,斡旋,居中;man-date授权,托管,强制。D选项“强制”符合句意。

17.单选题

Thepeoplelivingintheseapartmentshavefree()tothatswimmingpool.

问题1选项

A.access

B.excess

C.excursion

D.recreation

【答案】A

【解析】名词辨析。句意:住在这些公寓里的人可以免费去那个游泳池。have(free)accessto为固定搭配,意为“免费...”。因此A项符合句意。

18.单选题

Heisholdinga()positioninthecompanyandexpectstobepromotedsoon.

问题1选项

A.subordinate

B.succeeding

C.successive

D.subsequent

【答案】A

【解析】形容词辨析。句意:他如今在公司任一个()职位,他期望能够尽快升职。

subordinate下级的,次要的;succeeding以后的;successive连续的,接替的;subsequent后来的,随后的。根据后半句“他期望能够尽快升职”推测,A项subordinate次要的符合句意。

19.写作题

Doyouthinkpeopleshouldbuythingsmadeintheirowncountry,evenwhenthepriceishigherthanthesamethingsmadesomewhereelse?Writeanessayofnolessthan200wordsbasedonthistopic.

【答案】

PeopleShouldChoosetheProductsTheyWouldLiketoBuy20.单选题

Thegovernmentwill()theeconomynextyearanddevelopthetraderelationswithothercountriesquickly.

问题1选项

A.abuse

B.amount

C.accumulate

D.accelerate

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析。句意:明年,政府将()经济增长,并且快速同其他国家发展贸易关系。abuse滥用,虐待;amount总计,合计;accumulate积累,积聚;accelerate促进;(使)加快。因此,D项符合句意。

21.单选题

Paperbacknovelsinthe1940’sand1950’softenhad

coverstoattractreaders’attention.

问题1选项

A.murky

B.lurid

C.legitimate

D.pale

【答案】B

【解析】形容词辨析。句意:20世纪40年代和50年代的平装小说经常有骇人听闻的封面,以吸引读者注意力。因此选B。

22.单选题

Ananalysisoftheideasinthenovelcompelsananalysisoftheformofthework,particularlywhenformandcontentareas()astheyareinTheHouseoftheSevenGables.

问题1选项

A.symptomatic

B.delineated

C.integrated

D.conspicuous

【答案】C

【解析】形容词辨析。句意:对小说理念的分析使人不得不分析作品的形式,特别是当形式和内容像它们在《凶宅七角楼》里一样()的时候。

symptomatic有症状的,症候的;delineated描绘;integrated综合的,相互协调的;conspicuous显著的,明显的。选项C“相互协调的”符合题意。

23.单选题

The()colonialistsmanagedtowipeouttheentirepopulation.

问题1选项

A.aboriginal

B.original

C.large

D.regional

【答案】A

【解析】形容词辨析。句意:()殖民主义者们设法消灭全部人口。aboriginal原始的,土著的;original最早的,最初的;large大量的;regional地区的。因此,A项aboriginal符合句意。

24.单选题

Hurricanesarekillerwinds,andtheir()powerliesinthephysicaldamagetheycando.

问题1选项

A.cumulative

B.destructive

C.turbulent

D.prevalent

【答案】B

【解析】形容词辨析。cumulative积累的;destructive破坏性的,毁灭性的;turbulent骚乱的,混乱的;prevalent普遍的。句意:飓风是具有杀伤力的风,其()力量在于其能够造成的物质损坏。因此,B选项符合句意。

25.单选题

Thoughsometimes()alltoooftentechnologyisseenasapanaceaforthegreateconomic,social,andpoliticalchallengesfacingthenationasitembarksonthepathofmodernization.

问题1选项

A.expensive

B.effective

C.ignored

D.calamitous

【答案】C

【解析】形容词辨析。句意:尽管技术有时(),但常常被视为应对高速经济发展和现代化道路中面临

的政治挑战的灵丹妙药。expensive昂贵的;effective有效的;ignored被忽视的;calamitous灾难的。因此,C项符合句意。

26.写作题

Inthecurrentjobmarket,universitygraduatesarehavingahardtimefindingjobswhilemanyemployersarecomplainingabouttheshortageofworkhands.Writeanessayofnolessthan200wordsanalyzingthephenomenon.YouressayshouldbewrittenclearlyontheANSWERSHEET2.

【答案】WhyAreUniversityGraduatesHavingaHardTimeFindingJobs?27.写作题

Haveyoueverattemptedtoquestionacademicauthorityinyourlearningandresearchprocess?Whatdoyouthinkaretheappropriateattitudestowardsacademicauthority?Writeanessayofnolessthan150wordstoexplainyouropinionsonthisissue.

【答案】ACriticalAttitudeTowardsAcademicAuthority28.单选题

Theunpleasanttasteofthemedicineprescribedbyafamousdoctor()inhis

mouthforhours.

问题1选项

A.rests

B.waited

C.prolonged

D.lingered

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析。rests休息;waited等待;prolonged延长;lingered逗留。句意:那位名医开的药的讨厌味道在他嘴里()了好几个小时。因此D选项符合句意。

29.单选题

TheJapanesescientistshavefoundthatscents()efficiencyandreducestress

amongofficeworkers.

问题1选项

A.enhance

B.amplify

C.magnify

D.foster

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析。enhance提高;amplify放大;magnify赞美,夸大;foster培养。句意:日本科学家发现,香味能()办公室工作人员的工作效率并减缓压力。因此A选项符合句意。

30.单选题

Theriverwas()withindustrialwastefromthenearbyfactory.

问题1选项

A.Irradiated

B.contaminated

C.corrupted

D.fragmented

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析。句意:这条河被来自附近的工业废料()。

irradiate辐射;contaminate污染;corrupt使腐败,使堕落;fragment分裂,使成碎片。由题意可知这条河被工业废料污染了,B选项“污染”符合句意。

31.单选题

Therearetwomethodsoffighting,theonebylaw,theotherbyforce;thefirstmethodisthatofmen,thesecondofbeasts;butasthefirstmethodisofteninsufficient,onemusthaverecoursetothesecond.Itis,therefore,necessaryforaprincetoknowhowtouseboththebeastandtheman.Thiswascovertlytaughttotherulersbyancientwriters,whorelatehowAchillesandmanyothersofthoseancientprincesweregivenChironthecentaurtobebroughtupandeducatedunderhisdiscipline.

Theparable(寓言)ofthissemi-animal,semi•humanteacherismeanttoindicatethataprincemustknowhowtousebothnaturesandthattheonewithouttheotherisnotdurable.

Aprince,beingthusobligedtoknowwellhowtoactasabeast,mustimitatethefox,andtheli-on,forthelioncannotprotecthimselffromtraps,andthefoxcannotdefendhimselffromwolves.Thosethatwishtobeonlylionsdonotunderstandthis.Therefore,aprudentruleroughtnottokeepfaithwhenbydoingsoitwouldbeagainsthisinterest,andthereasonswhichmadehimbindhimselfnolongerexist.Ifmenwereallgood,thispreceptwouldnotbeagoodone;butastheyarebad,andwouldnotobservetheirfaithwithyou,soyouarenotboundtokeepfaithwiththem.Norhavelegiti-mategroundseverfailedaprincewhowishedtoshowcolorableexcuseforthenonfulfillmentofhispromise.Ofthisonecouldfurnishaninfinitenumberofexamples,andshowhowmanytimespeacehasbeenbroken,andhowmanypromisesrenderedworthless,bythefaithlessnessofprinces,andthosethathavebestbeenabletoimitatethefoxhavesucceededbest.Butitisnecessarytobeabletodisguisethischaracterwell,andtobeagreatfeigneranddissembler,andmenaresosimpleandsoreadytoobeypresentnecessities,thattheonewhodeceiveswillalwaysfindthosewhoallowthem-selvestobedeceived.

1.Thewriterdoesnotbelievethat().

2.“Prince”inthepassagedesignates()

3.Thelionrepresentsthosewhoare()

4.Thefox,inthepassage,is().

5.Thewritersuggeststhatasuccessfulleadermust(

).

问题1选项

A.thetruthmakesmenfree

B.peoplecanprotectthemselves

C.princesarehuman

D.leadershavetobeconsistent

问题2选项

A.anyoneinpower

B.electedofficials

C.aristocrats

D.sonsofkings

问题3选项

A.tootrusting

B.reliantonforceonly

C.strongandpowerful

D.lackinginforce

问题4选项

A.admiredforhistrickery

B.nomatchforthelion

C.pitiedforhiswiles

D.consideredworthless

问题5选项

A.beprudentandfaithful

B.cheatandlie

C.haveprincipletoguidehisactions

D.followthetruth

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.推理题。第一段指出:butasthefirstmethodisofteninsufficient,onemusthaverecoursetothesecond(只使用第一种方法是不够的,还要使用第二种方法)。D选项“领导者必须始终如一”符合题意。

2.推理题。根据文章推断,“Prince”指代的是A项“任何掌权的人”。

3.推理题。根据题干关键词“lion”定位至第二段:...forthelioncannotprotecthimselffromtraps,andthefoxcannotdefendhimselffromwolves.Thosethatwishtobeonlylionsdonotunderstandthis,由此推测lion仅有力量但不能保护自己免入陷阱。因此B项正确。

4.推理题。根据题干关键词“fox”定位至第二段:Aprince,beingthusobligedtoknowwellhowtoact

asabeast,mustimitatethefox,andthelion,forthelioncannotprotecthimselffromtraps,andthefoxcannotdefendhimselffromwolves.由此可知,狐狸是狡猾的,而且作者对此持肯定态度。因此A项正确。

5.推理题。第二段指出:Therefore,aprudentruleroughtnottokeepfaithwhenbydoingsoitwouldbeagainsthisinterest,andthereasonswhichmadehimbindhimselfnolongerexist…thosethathavebestbeenabletoimitatethefoxhavesucceededbest。因此作者认为,精明的领导者应该向狐狸学习,善于伪装。B项正确。

32.单选题

Thesevariedracialgroupshavelearnedtolivetogetherinpeaceand(),set-tinganexamplewellworthfollowing.

问题1选项

A.harmony

B.grace

C.rhythm

D.relief

【答案】A

【解析】名词辨析。harmony和谐;grace优雅,慈悲;rhythm韵律,节奏;relief宽慰,免除。句意:这些不同的种族群体已学会和平()地生活在一起,树立了值得学习的榜样。inharmony意为“和谐地”,因此正确答案是A选项。

33.单选题

Itcannotbedeniedthattheexistingresourcesonearthwillbedepleted,

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