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住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-新疆大学考试名师押题精选卷I(带答案详解)(图片可根据实际调整大小)题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.不定项选择题
ConcernfortheenvironmentintheUSextendsbackintothenineteenthcentury,whennatureloversandsportsenthusiastsfirstsoughtprotectionforareasofnaturalbeautyorsignificance.Butitwasnotuntilthelate1960sthatenvironmentalconcernsenteredthemainstreamofAmericanpoliticaldebate.BythenmanyAmericanshadcometotheconclusionthatmoredevelopmentwasnotnecessarilydesirable,especiallyifitmeantmorepollutedair,dyinglakesandrivers,andalandscapestrewnwithunsightlywaste,andcrowdedwithsprawlingconstructionprojects.InMayof1970,severalenvironmentalgroupsstagedthefirstEarthDaycelebration,designedtoheightenpublicawarenessofenvironmentalproblems.Thesuccessofthatinitialeffortledtoitbecomingaregularannualevent.
Duringthe1950sand1960s,industrialandvehiclepollutionlevelshadbecomeaseriousthreattopublichealth,sotheenvironmentalmovementofthisperiodfocusedheavilyonrestoringandensuringthecleanlinessofbasicairandwatersupplies.Rapidlyexpandingdevelopmentpressureswerealsospurringeffortstopreserveuniquelandsandthreatenedwildlifehabitatsandtoprotecttheendangeredspeciessupportedbythembeforetheyvanishedintoextinction.Itisgenerallyacceptedthattheenvironmentalprotectionmovementwassosuccessfulbecauseofitsgrassrootssupport,groupsofactivistsinhundredsoftownsthattooktheinitiativeincleaninguptheirowncommunities.Duringthe1970s,thislocalactivismreinforcedsupportforthepassageofkeylawsatthenationallevel,suchastheCleanWaterAct,CleanAirAct,EndangeredSpeciesAct,andNationalEnvironmentalPolicyAct,whichtogetherhaveconstitutedthefoundationforenvironmentalstandardsintheUSeversince.
Inadditiontothisnationallegislation,theyearafterthefirstEarthDay,byexecutiveorder,PresidentNixonestablishedtheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA);anorganizationdedicatedtorestoringandprotectingtheenvironment.[A]TheEPAspearheadedmanycontemporaryeffortstoprotecttheenvironment,butitwasnotworkingalone.[B]ItwasalliedwithawidevarietyofdistinctlydifferentandseparateorganizationstomanythousandsofsmallerspecialInterestgroupsandevenindividualsworkingatthelocallevel.[C]TheEPAhasnowbecomeoneofthegovernment’slargestandmostinfluentialregulatoryagencies.Throughitsowneffortsandincooperationwithotherorganizations,ithasearnedalargemeasureofcreditforprotectingandrestoringthequalityoftheenvironmentintheUnitedStates.[D]
Althoughonemightassumethatthecauseofenvironmentprotectionwouldengenderuniversalsupport,itdoeshaveitsdetractors.Onecriticismthathasbeenleveledagainstthemovementistheclaimthatitspredictionsaboutthedireconsequencesofenvironmentaldamagehaveoftenbeeninerror.Environmentalistscounterthisassertionbypointingoutthattheirwarningshaveoftenbroughtaboutchangesonthepartofthepublic,thegovernmentandprivateindustry,andthatthesechangespreventedthepredictionsfrombeingrealized.However,justasitisoftenverydifficulttogaugetheimpactofhumanactivityonsomethingascomplexastheenvironment.Itisequallydifficulttodeterminewhichsideisrightinthisdebate.Becauseenvironmentalissuescoversuchawiderangeofconcerns,thisisaquestionthatmustbeconsideredonacasebycasebasis.Thesevoicesofdissenthavedemonstratedtoenvironmentaliststheneedtoapplyquantitativemethodsinassessingtheextentofthedestructiontheyhavewitnessed,orthedegreetowhichtheirworkhasbeenmanifestedinactualimprovementoftheenvironment.
Howevervocalthecriticsofenvironmentalprotectioneffortsmaybe,giventheveryconsiderablebodyofenvironmentallegislationthatexists,itissafetoassumethattheirviewsdonotrepresentthemajorityopinion.Privateadvocacygroups,theEPS,statelegislaturesandCongresshaveworkedtogethertoenactnumerouslawsregardingairandwaterquality,landuseandwastemanagement.Thatshouldbeevidenceenoughofthebroadextentofthepopularsupportthatunderliesthemovement.
13.Onwhichofthefollowingdoesthepassagemainlyfocus?
14.Accordingtoparagraph2,whywastheenvironmentalprotectionmovementsowidelysuccessful?
15.Accordingtoparagraph3,whichofthefollowingaccuratelydescribeshowtheEPAhelpedtheenvironmentalmovement?
16.Accordingtoparagraph4,whatwasacommoncriticismoftheenvironmentalmovement?
17.Accordingtothepassage,whateffectdidthecriticismoftheenvironmentalmovementhave?
18.Whichofthesentencesbelowbestexpressestheessentialinformationintheitalicizedsentenceinthepassage?Incorrectchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialinformation.
19.Theworddireinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto().
20.LookatthefoursquaresmarkedA,B,C,andDthatindicatewherethefollowingsentencecouldbeaddedtothepassage.
ThankstotheadditionalhelpofenvironmentallyconsciouspoliticalfiguresinthemoldofTeddyRoosevelt,whonearlyacenturybeforeestablishedthefirstnationalparksintheUSA,themovementgainedmomentum.
Wherewouldthefollowingmostlikelyfitinthepassage(A,B,C,orD)?
21.Theworddissentinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto().
问题1选项
A.EarthDay’simpactontheenvironmentalmovement.
B.Howtoprotecttheenvironmentoftheplanet.
C.Theenvironmentalprotectionmovementandhowitbegan.
D.ThesuccessoftheEPAinprotectingnaturalresources.
问题2选项
A.Itprotectedplantsandanimalspeoplecaredabout.
B.Itfunctionedwellatthelocallevel.
C.Itvotedunsympatheticpoliticiansoutofoffice.
D.Itforcedratificationofimportantnationallaws.
问题3选项
A.Itcoordinatedactionatthelocalandnationallevels.
B.Itobtainedpresidentialsupport.
C.Ittookoverfromlocalorganizationstoexpediteaction.
D.Itprovidedfundingtolocalorganizations.
问题4选项
A.Itsuggestedmeasuresthatwouldharmtheeconomy.
B.Itspredictionscouldnotbepreventedthroughpracticalaction.
C.Thatitlackedthesupportneededtomakeanyrealprogress.
D.Theenvironmentaldamageitclaimedwasnotseen.
问题5选项
A.Itcausedtheenvironmentaliststochangetheirmethods.
B.Itdecreasedfederalassistanceforenvironmentalprotection.
C.ItdiminishedpopularsupportfortheEPA.
D.Itrevitalizedsupportfortheenvironmentalprotectionmovement.
问题6选项
A.Criticsofthemovementweresuccessfulindissuadingmanyenvironmentalistsfromsupportingsomeofthemoredrasticmeasuresthathadbeensuggestedbyquestioningthequantitativemethodstheyemployed.
B.Opponentsoftheenvironmentalprotectionmovementsucceededingettingtheactiviststotakeanother,moreobjective,approachtosubstantiatingtheirclaims.
C.Peoplewhodisagreedwiththeenvironmentalistseventuallywereabletopersuademanythatthemethodsemployedbytheenvironmentalmovementwereinvalidandtheirconclusionincorrect.
D.Membersofenvironmentalgroupswerereluctanttoemployquantitativemethodsinassessingenvironmentaldamagebecausetheyfelttheresultsmightnotsubstantiatetheirclaims.
问题7选项
A.unrealized
B.possible
C.grave
D.imaginary
问题8选项
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
问题9选项
A.opposition
B.support
C.indifference
D.ambivalence
【答案】第1题:C
第2题:B
第3题:A
第4题:D
第5题:A
第6题:B
第7题:C
第8题:C
第9题:A
【解析】13.【试题答案】C
【试题解析】主旨大意题。文章首先介绍了地球日环保活动的起源,接着介绍了不同人群在环保运动中对环境保护做出的努力和取得的成果,说明本文的主要内容是介绍环保运动的起源和发展。因此C选项“环保运动及其开始的过程”正确。A选项“地球日对环保运动的影响”,D选项“环保局在保护自然资源方面的成功”都只是文章的一个方面,不能概括文章的全部内容,所以A,D错误。B选项“如何保护地球的环境”表述太过宽泛,所以B错误。
14.【试题答案】B
【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第三句Itisgenerallyacceptedthattheenvironmentalprotectionmovementwassosuccessfulbecauseofitsgrassrootssupport,groupsofactivistsinhundredsoftownsthattooktheinitiativeincleaninguptheirowncommunities.(人们普遍认为,环境保护运动之所以如此成功,是因为它得到了基层的支持,数百个城镇的活动人士团体主动清理了自己的社区。),说明环保运动取得广泛成功的原因是得到了基层的支持。因此B选项“在地方层面运作良好”正确。A选项“保护了人们关心的植物和动物”,D选项“迫使重要的国家法律得到批准”是环境运动的成果,而不是取得成功的原因,所以A,D错误。C选项“把不近人情的政客赶下台”在文中没有提及,所以C错误。
15.【试题答案】A
【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段第三句ItwasalliedwithawidevarietyofdistinctlydifferentandseparateorganizationstomanythousandsofsmallerspecialInterestgroupsandevenindividualsworkingatthelocallevel.(它与各种截然不同的独立组织结盟,与成千上万的小型特殊利益集团甚至是在地方层面工作的个人结盟。),说明环保局是通过和其他地方组织合作,协调国家和地方的行动来帮助环保运动的。因此A选项“协调了地方和国家层面的行动”正确。B选项“获得了总统的支持”,原文说的是总统通过行政命令成立了环保局,并不是它对于环保运动的做法,所以B错误。C选项“接手地方组织加快行动”,原文说的是和其他地方组织合作,没有说接手地方组织,所以C错误。D选项“向地方组织提供资金”在文中没有提及,所以D错误。
16.【试题答案】D
【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第四段第二句Onecriticismthathasbeenleveledagainstthemovementistheclaimthatitspredictionsaboutthedireconsequencesofenvironmentaldamagehaveoftenbeeninerror.(对该运动提出的一个批评是,它对环境破坏可怕后果的预测往往是错误的。),说明有人批评环保运动预测的环境破坏后果都没有出现。因此D选项“没有看到它宣称的环境破坏”正确。A选项“提出了一些会损害经济的措施”在文中没有提及,所以A错误。B选项“预测无法通过实际行动来防止”,原文提到了环保运动提出的警告带来了变化,而这些变化使得预测不会实现,所以B错误。C选项“缺乏取得任何实际进展所需的支持”,原文提到了它得到了国家层面关键法律和政府的支持,所以C错误。
17.【试题答案】A
【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第四段最后一句Thesevoicesofdissenthavedemonstratedtoenvironmentaliststheneedtoapplyquantitativemethodsinassessingtheextentofthedestructiontheyhavewitnessed,orthedegreetowhichtheirworkhasbeenmanifestedinactualimprovementoftheenvironment.(这些不同的声音向环保主义者表明,有必要使用定量方法来评估他们所目睹的破坏程度,或他们的工作在实际改善环境方面所体现的程度。),说明对环保运动的批评促使环保主义者改变了进行环保运动的方法。因此A选项“使环保主义者改变了他们的方法”正确。B选项“减少了联邦政府对环境保护的援助”,C选项“减少了民众对环保局的支持”,D选项“重振了人们对环保运动的支持”在文中均没有提及,所以B,C,D错误。
18.【试题答案】B
【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第四段最后一句Thesevoicesofdissenthavedemonstratedtoenvironmentaliststheneedtoapplyquantitativemethodsinassessingtheextentofthedestructiontheyhavewitnessed,orthedegreetowhichtheirworkhasbeenmanifestedinactualimprovementoftheenvironment.(这些不同的声音向环保主义者表明,有必要使用定量方法来评估他们所目睹的破坏程度,或他们的工作在实际改善环境方面所体现的程度。),说明对环保运动的批评并没有打击环保主义者的积极性或阻碍环保运动的发展,而是让环保主义者反思之前的做法,追求一种更客观的方法来证实自己的主张。因此B选项“环保运动的反对者成功地让环保主义者采取另一种更客观的方法来证实他们的主张”正确。A选项“这场运动的批评者成功地劝阻了许多环保主义者支持一些更为激进的措施,这些措施是通过质疑他们所采用的定量方法而提出的”,由原文可知,环保主义者之前并没有采用定量方法,所以A错误。C选项“与环保主义者意见相左的人最终能够说服许多人,认为环保运动所采用的方法是无效的,他们的结论是不正确的”,D选项“环保团体的成员不愿意采用定量的方法来评估环境损害,因为他们认为结果可能无法证实他们的主张”与原文表述的意思相反,所以C,D错误。
19.【试题答案】C
【试题解析】语义推测题。由题干关键词“dire”可以定位到文章第四段第二句Onecriticismthathasbeenleveledagainstthemovementistheclaimthatitspredictionsaboutthedireconsequencesofenvironmentaldamagehaveoftenbeeninerror.(对该运动提出的一个批评是,它对环境破坏可怕后果的预测往往是错误的。),说明“dire”在文中是指“可怕、极其严重”的意思。因此C选项“严重的”正确。A选项“未实现的”,B选项“可能的”,D选项“虚构的”均不符合题意,所以A,B,D错误。
20.【试题答案】C
【试题解析】推理判断题。题干中的句子ThankstotheadditionalhelpofenvironmentallyconsciouspoliticalfiguresinthemoldofTeddyRoosevelt,whonearlyacenturybeforeestablishedthefirstnationalparksintheUSA,themovementgainedmomentum.(多亏了以泰迪•罗斯福为代表的具有环保意识的政治人物的额外帮助,他在近一个世纪前就建立了美国的第一个国家公园,这一运动得到了发展。)讲的是个人为环保运动提供的帮助,C处前文说到环保局和不同的组织与个人合作,那么下文应该介绍具体的事例。因此该句放在C处最合适。
21.【试题答案】A
【试题解析】语义推测题。由题干关键词“dissent”可以定位到文章第四段最后一句Thesevoicesofdissenthavedemonstratedtoenvironmentaliststheneedtoapplyquantitativemethodsinassessingtheextentofthedestructiontheyhavewitnessed(这些不同的声音向环保主义者表明,有必要使用定量方法来评估他们所目睹的破坏程度),说明“dissent”在文中是指“不同、反对”的意思。因此A选项“反对”正确。B选项“支持”,C选项“冷漠”,D选项“矛盾”均不符合题意,所以B,C,D错误。
2.单选题
Themoonisnotaplanet()theplanetsinmanyrespects.
问题1选项
A.resembling
B.whichresembles
C.butresemblanceto
D.althoughitresembles
【答案】D
【解析】语法题。根据题干关键词not和inmanyrespect可知此句句意为:尽管月球在许多方面与行星相似,但它不是行星。因此D项符合句意和语法。
3.单选题
ThelargestmeteoriteondisplayisintheAmericanMuseuminNewYorkCity()over34tons.
问题1选项
A.anditweighs
B.itweighs
C.itsweightis
D.whichitweighs
【答案】A
【解析】语法题。分析题干可知,前面句子已经有谓语动词is,而选项中均有谓语动词weigh,因此前后谓语所在的句子之间需要用并列连词and连接,故选A项。句意:最大的陨石在纽约的美国博物馆展出,重量超过34吨。
4.单选题
Ourcommitteehaselectedanew().
问题1选项
A.chief
B.principal
C.head
D.chairman
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查名词用法。A选项chief“首领,头目”,B选项principal“校长”,C选项head“负责人,领导人”,D选项chairman“(会议的)主席,主持人,(委员会的)委员长,主席,(公司等的)董事长”。句意:我们委员会选出了一位新的委员长。因此,D选项符合句意。
5.写作题
Differentfromtheblindoptimismintheachievementsofmodernsciencethroughoutthe20thcentury,moreandmorepeoplearebeginningtorealizethedestructiveeffectsofscientificprogressuponhumansociety.Manyevenbelievethatwhateverbenefitssciencebringstohumanity,itwillalsobringaboutthemostinhumanviolencetoanimalsandeveryimaginablesortofhorriblemeddlingwithhumanlife.Nowyouaresupposedtowriteanessayinnofewerthan300wordstoshowwhetheryouagreewithsuchabelief.Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organizationgrammarandappropriateness.
【答案】【参考范文】
Throughoutthecenturiestothehistoryofscientificdevelopment,scienceandtechnologyhasbeenagreatprogresscomparedtotheprevious,weliveintheeraofrapidchangesinscienceandtechnology,hasfelttheconveniencebroughtbytechnology.Indeed,technologyhasbroughtusalotofbenefits,butalsobroughtmanydisadvantages.Personally,Ithinkthesedisadvantagesarerealandcannotbeignored.Whatweneedtodoistotreatthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologycorrectlyandbringoutitsmaximumpositivesignificance.
Ontheonehand,thankstothedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,ourlivescanbegreatlyenrichedandmadeeasier.Electriclights,newmeansoftransportation,theinventionoftheInternet—thereisnoonewhohasnotbenefitedfromthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology.Whenyousitathomeandtapthemouse,youareabletocommunicateface-to-facewithyourrelativesinfarawayplaces;whenyouareontheroadoftravel,holdingthesteeringwheeltightly,youareabletotravelalloverthecountryandenjoythescenery;whenyoustayinahotelandpresstheremotecontroloftheairconditionerleisurely,youenjoythepleasureofwarmthandcoolness.Comparedwiththepast,humanhealthandlivingstandardshavechangedalot.Technologyhasbroughtustoomuchconvenienceandmadegreatprogressinhumandevelopment.
Ontheotherhand,asthesayinggoes,“Thingswilldevelopintheoppositedirectionwhentheybecomeextreme.”Ifanythinggoodisusedtoexcessandtakentotheextreme,therewillbea“double-edgedsword”effect,andthesameistrueforscience.ThedevelopmentofphysicaltheoryhasenabledmankindtomasternuclearenergytechnologybutalsobroughtaboutthenucleardisastersofHiroshimaandNagasaki,wheremankindhadtheabilitytodestroyitselfforthefirsttime.Thedevelopmentofchemistryhasgivenustheunprecedentedabilitytotransformnature,butourgunpowderandexplosiveshavealsoharmedtensofmillionsofourfellowhumanbeings.Advancesinoilexplorationtechnologyhaveallowedmankindtoadvanceatamuchfasterpace.Wehavebeenabletoflyfasterthanthespeedofsound,butthishasalsobroughttoomanywarsandtoomuchstrife,andmadetheearthstarttocatchafever.Atthesametime,theatmospherehasbeendamaged,waterhasbeenpolluted,andenvironmentalproblemsarebecomingincreasinglyserious,causingmanyplantsandanimalstolosetheirhabitats.
Allinall,technologicaldevelopmenthasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.However,weshouldneitherblindlydevelopscienceandtechnologyregardlessoftheconsequencesbecauseitisbeneficial,norshouldwegotostopthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologybecauseithasdisadvantages.Scienceandtechnologyarethegreatdrivingforceofhumansocialprogressonlywhentheyareinbalancewithpeople’sneedsandhumannature.Humanbeingsshouldmakefulluseofthepositiveeffectsofscienceandtechnologyandtrytolimitandovercomethenegativeeffectsbroughtbyscienceandtechnologyinthecontinuouspracticeofunderstandingnatureandtransformingit.
6.单选题
()theexceptionofinstitutionscontrolledbychurch,municipalorprivatecorporations.LatinAmericanuniversitiesareregulatedbyfederallaws.
问题1选项
A.By
B.For
C.With
D.To
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词词义辨析。A选项By“由;被;通过”;B选项For“给;对;为了”;C选项With“和;随着”;D选项To“朝;位于……”。句意:……由教会、市政或私人公司控制的机构的例外,拉丁美洲的大学由联邦法律管理。根据句意可知,这里填入C选项符合句意,表示除了……。因此答案为C选项。
7.单选题
()afterbeinginthearmyfortwoyears.
问题1选项
A.Joecouldn’twaitforhisreturntohishome
B.TherewasastrongdesireonJoe’sparttoreturnhome
C.Joewaseagertoreturnhome
D.Joewantedhomebadly
【答案】A
【解析】考查句型结构辨析。A选项“Joecouldn’twaitforhisreturntohishome”(乔迫不及待地要回家了);B选项“TherewasastrongdesireonJoe’sparttoreturnhome”(乔有回家的强烈愿望);C选项“Joewaseagertoreturnhome”(乔急于回家);D选项“Joewantedhomebadly”(Joy非常想家),句意:……在军队待了两年之后。结合句意,可知,Joe迫不及待想回家,是一个进行的动作,由此可推测,A选项符合句意。因此答案为A选项。
8.单选题
Priortotheelection,thecandidatehadpromisedtoimprovethelivingconditionsoftheworkers.
问题1选项
A.Until
B.Dueto
C.Considering
D.Before
【答案】D
【解析】考查介词辨析。A选项Until“直到……为止”;B选项Dueto“由于”;C选项Considering“考虑到”;D选项Before“在……之前”。句意:在选举之前,这位候选人曾承诺要改善工人的生活条件。划线部分Priorto是在……之前的意思。因此D选项正确。
9.单选题
Heappearstobe().
问题1选项
A.withillness
B.ofill
C.ill
D.illy
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查动词用法。appeartobe加名词或者形容词,意为看起来,像,似乎。句意:他似乎是生病了。因此,C选项符合句意。
10.单选题
()thatitmightbeeasiertoprepareabettermapofthemoonthanoftheearth.
问题1选项
A.Tosay
B.Theysay
C.Thesaying
D.Itissaid
【答案】D
【解析】考查形式主语从句。it+be+形容词、名词或者过去分词+从句,it指代的具体内容是从句。A,C选项代入题干不能构成一个完整的句子;B选项they的内容指代不明,因此D选项正确。
11.单选题
Thechildrensinginganddancingonthemeadowmadeacharmingspectacle.
问题1选项
A.tool
B.glasses
C.scenery
D.sight
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项tool“工具”;B选项glasses“眼镜”;C选项scenery“景色”;D选项sight“视力”。句意:孩子们在草地上唱歌和跳舞,构成了一幅迷人的景象。划线部分spectacle是景象的意思。因此C选项正确。
12.单选题
Contestantswhodonotcomplywiththeregulationswillbedisqualified.
问题1选项
A.cooperatewith
B.observe
C.submitto
D.approve
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项cooperatewith“与……合作”;B选项observe“观察”;C选项submitto“服从”;D选项approve“批准”。句意:不遵守规定的选手将被取消资格。划线部分complywith是遵守的意思。因此C选项正确。
13.单选题
PatrickHenry,bornin1736,()byhisfather,whohadadvancedtraininginmechanics.
问题1选项
A.hadtaught
B.hasbeentaught
C.taught
D.wastaught
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态和被动语态。句意:帕特里克•亨利出生于1736年,由受过高级机械培训的父亲教导。此处应用被动语态,排除A,C。本句表示过去发生的事,不表示和现在的关系,不用现在完成时,排除B。因此D选项正确。
14.不定项选择题
YeatswasbeginningtouseavocabularyfreshlymintedfromthetreasuryofGaelicliterature,andmanyoftheshorterpoemsinTheCountessKathleenandVariousLegendsandLyrics(1892)dealwithamythologyIrelandhadwellnighforgottenandEnglandneverknown.ForArthurandhisRoundTableYeatssubstitutedtheverydifferentConchubarandhisRedBranchWarriors,andFinnandhisFenians.TheRedBranchcycleoflegendsincludedFergus,whomNesshadtrickedoutofhiskingdomsothathersonConchubarcouldruleoverUlsterinhisstead.AndinFergusandtheDruidYeatsmakeshimavidfordreamingwisdom.FerguswastheunwittingagentofthedoomoftheSonsofUsna,NaoisetheloverofDeirdreandhisbrothersArdanandAinle,whohadaccompaniedtheloverstoScotlandwhentheyfledfromConchubar’swrath,forDeirdrewasConchubar’sintendedbride.FergushadpersuadedthemtoreturnagainstthewishesofDeirdreandhadbeentrickedoutofactingastheirsafeconduct.HejoinedwithMaeve,QueenofConnaught,afterthis,inherraidonUlster,inwhichCuchulainachievedhisgreatfameasUlster’schampion.CuchulainistheAchillesoftheIrishSaga,andheappearsthroughoutYeats’splaysandpoems,aswarrior,ashusbandofEmer,asloverofEithneInguba,andofAoife,astheunknowingkillerofhisownsonandfinallyasvictimofthesea.
30.Yeatsdifferedfromotherpoetsinthatheused().
31.Fergus().
32.NaoiseearnedthewrathofConchubarbecausehe().
33.Cuchulainiscalledthe“AchillesoftheIrishSaga”because().
34.Nesswas().
35.Accordingtothepassage,allnamedbelowwenttoScotlandEXCEPT().
问题1选项
A.Greekmythology
B.theArthurianlegend
C.Gaelicallusions
D.thestoryofFergusandConchubar
E.sagamaterial
问题2选项
A.wasdeposedbyCuchulain
B.waskingofUlster
C.hadunwittinglyslainUsna
D.marriedtheQueenofConnaught
E.killedhisownson
问题3选项
A.hadfledtoScotland
B.wasthesonofUsna
C.lovedDeirdre
D.hadbefriendedFergus
E.workedwithCuchulain
问题4选项
A.Heisthegreatwarriorofthesaga
B.likeAchilles,hewasvulnerableanddiedofananklewound
C.AchillesdominatedtheOdyssey
D.heappearsinmanyofYeats’playsandpoems
E.hewasthehusbandofEmer
问题5选项
A.thebrotherofArdan
B.themotherofConchubar
C.thekillerofhisson
D.avictimofthesea
E.Fergus’friend
问题6选项
A.Fergus
B.Deirdre
C.Ainle
D.Cuchulain
E.Naoise
【答案】第1题:C
第2题:B
第3题:C
第4题:A
第5题:B
第6题:D
【解析】30.【试题答案】C
【试题解析】根据原文定位到文章的第一句YeatswasbeginningtouseavocabularyfreshlymintedfromthetreasuryofGaelicliterature,andmanyoftheshorterpoemsinTheCountessKathleenandVariousLegendsandLyrics(1892)dealwithamythologyIrelandhadwellnighforgottenandEnglandneverknown.(叶芝开始使用从盖尔文学宝库中新创造出来的词汇,《凯瑟琳伯爵夫人》和《各种传说与抒情诗》(1892)中的许多短诗讲述了一个几乎被爱尔兰人遗忘而英格兰人从未知晓的神话。)可知叶芝与其他诗人的不同之处在于他运用盖尔语典故。因此,C选项“盖尔语典故”符合题意。
31.【试题答案】B
【试题解析】根据题干定位到原文的第三句TheRedBranchcycleoflegendsincludedFergus,whomNesshadtrickedoutofhiskingdomsothathersonConchubarcouldruleoverUlsterinhisstead.(Ness将Fergus骗出他的王国,好让他的儿子Conchubar代替他统治乌尔斯特。)这说明Fergus当过乌尔斯特的国王。因此,B选项符合题意。
32.【试题答案】C
【试题解析】根据题干定位到原文的第五句,可得知Naoise惹得Conchubar发怒因为他爱Deirdre。文中说,Conchubar大怒是因为Naoise爱他的未婚妻Deirdre。因此,C选项符合题意。
33.【试题答案】A
【试题解析】根据题干定位到原文CuchulainistheAchillesoftheIrishSaga,andheappearsthroughoutYeats’splaysandpoems,aswarrior(Cuchulain是爱尔兰英雄传奇中的阿基里斯,他作为勇士经常在叶芝的戏剧和诗歌中出现),因此,A选项符合题意。
34.【试题答案】B
【试题解析】根据题干定位到原文第三句TheRedBranchcycleoflegendsincludedFergus,whomNesshadtrickedoutofhiskingdomsothathersonConchubarcouldruleoverUlsterinhisstead.(红枝的传说包括费格斯,奈斯哄骗他离开自己的王国,好让她的儿子孔丘巴尔代替他统治乌尔斯特。)因此,B选项符合题意。
35.【试题答案】D
【试题解析】根据题干定位到原文第五句FerguswastheunwittingagentofthedoomoftheSonsofUsna,NaoisetheloverofDeirdreandhisbrothersArdanandAinle,whohadaccompaniedtheloverstoScotlandwhentheyfledfromConchubar’swrath,forDeirdrewasConchubar’sintendedbride.(费格斯是乌斯纳之子的死亡的不知情的代理人,Naoise是迪尔德丽和他的兄弟阿丹和安利的情人,当他们逃离孔丘巴尔的愤怒时,他们陪着这对情人去了苏格兰,因为迪尔德丽是孔丘巴尔的未婚妻。)可得知为了逃离Conchubar,其他人都去了苏格兰。因此,D选项符合题意。
15.单选题
Thegirlswantedtohelp()maketheircostumesfortheplay.
问题1选项
A.all
B.eachtheother
C.eachother
D.onetheother
【答案】C
【解析】考查词义辨析。A选项all“全部”;B选项eachtheother“每一个其他的”;C选项eachother“彼此,互相”;D选项onetheother“一个另一个”。句意:女孩们想帮助……制作她们的戏服。根据句意可推测,女孩们是想互相帮助,可知选项C正确。
16.翻译题
A:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.
把信息当知识,把知识当智慧。许多人日夜在网上“泡着”,四处收集新闻热点,说起来滔滔不绝,犹如天下大事尽在心中。可是如果你仔细听听,认真想想,却发现他嘴里没有一句是他的话。他根本没有兴趣咀嚼和消化那些信息。他只是一个信息的贩卖者,或者是廉价的传声筒。
【答案】Modernpeopletendtoequateinformationwithknowledge,andknowledgewithwisdom.That’swhymanyofthemaremousepotatoes,searchingforhotnewsdayandnight.Theywouldrattleonandononcesuchpeoplestrikeaconversationwithyou,asiftheykneweverythingaboutallmajoreventsintheworldandthesecretary-generalofUNwerealwaysathisbeckandcall!However,ifyoulistenattentivelyandthinkcarefullyyouwillfindtheyarebutparrotsthatonlyrepeatwhatothershavesaidwithoutasinglewordoftheirown.Theyneverbothertochewanddigesttheinformationroundedup.Theyarenomorethanmongersofinformationorcheapmegaphones.
17.单选题
Botanistsarenotsurewherethefirstplantwasgrownoreven().
问题1选项
A.whatplantwas
B.itwaswhatplant
C.whatplantwasit
D.whatplantitwas
【答案】D
【解析】语法题。主语为Botanists,谓语为arenotsure(不确定),因此where…grown为宾语从句,由题干关键词or可知even这一部分也为并列的宾语从句,因此应用陈述语序。故选D项。句意:植物学家不确定第一株植物生长在哪里,甚至不知道它是什么植物。
18.不定项选择题
FamilyHistoryInanagewhentechnologyisdevelopingfasterthan(1)before,manypeoplearebeing(2)totheideaoflookingbackintothepast.Onewaytheycandothisis(3)investigatingtheirownfamilyhistory.Theycantryto(4)outmoreaboutwheretheirfamiliescamefromandwhatthey(5).Thisisnowafast-growinghobby,especiallyincountrieswitha(6)shorthistory,likeAustraliaandtheUnitedStates.
Itis(7)thingtospendsometime(8)throughabookonfamilyhistoryandtotake(9)toinvestigateyourownfamily’spast.Itis(10)anothertocarryouttheresearchworksuccessfully.Itiseasytoset(11)itinadisorganizedwayand(12)yourselfmanyproblemswhichcouldhavebeen(13)withalittleforwardplanning.
Ifyourownfamilystoriestellyouthatyouare(14)withafamouscharacter,whetherheroorcriminal,donotletthis(15)takeoveryourresearch.Just(16)itasaninterestingpossibility.Asimplesystem(17)collectingandstoringyourinformationwillbeadequatetostartwith;amorecomplexonemayonlygetinyour(18).Themostimportantthing,though,isto(19)started.Whoknowswhatyou(20)find?
问题1选项
A.ever
B.once
C.only
D.never
问题2选项
A.pushed
B.attracted
C.fetched
D.brought
问题3选项
A.with
B.in
C.by
D.through
问题4选项
A.lay
B.make
C.put
D.find
问题5选项
A.had
B.did
C.developed
D.found
问题6选项
A.fairly
B.greatly
C.mostly
D.widely
问题7选项
A.a
B.one
C.no
D.some
问题8选项
A.seeing
B.moving
C.going
D.living
问题9选项
A.ideas
B.steps
C.purposes
D.decisions
问题10选项
A.quite
B.just
C.more
D.even
问题11选项
A.out
B.off
C.on
D.about
问题12选项
A.produce
B.cause
C.build
D.create
问题13选项
A.missed
B.lost
C.avoided
D.escaped
问题14选项
A.connected
B.joined
C.attached
D.related
问题15选项
A.fact
B.idea
C.story
D.news
问题16选项
A.treat
B.control
C.contact
D.direct
问题17选项
A.with
B.for
C.by
D.through
问题18选项
A.track
B.path
C.road
D.way
问题19选项
A.get
B.appear
C.be
D.feel
问题20选项
A.should
B.might
C.ought
D.must
【答案】第1题:A
第2题:B
第3题:C
第4题:D
第5题:C
第6题:A
第7题:B
第8题:C
第9题:D
第10题:A
第11题:D
第12题:B
第13题:C
第14题:A
第15题:B
第16题:A
第17题:B
第18题:D
第19题:A
第20题:B
【解析】1.【试题答案】A
【试题解析】考查固定搭配。A选项ever可以和before搭配,表示“以前”;B选项once“一次”;C选项only“只有”;D选项never“从不”。句意:在一个技术发展比以往任何时候都快的时代。B,C,D均不能和before搭配。因此A选项符合题意。
2.【试题答案】B
【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项pushed“推动”;B选项attracted“吸引”;C选项fetched“取来”;D选项brought“带来”。句意:许多人都被回顾过去的想法所吸引。因此B选项符合题意。
3.【试题答案】C
【试题解析】考查介词辨析。A选项with“和……一起”;B选项in“在……里面”;C选项by“通过”;D选项through“穿过”。句意:其中一种方法是通过调查自己的家族史。因此C选项符合题意。
4.【试题答案】D
【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项lay“躺下”;B选项make“制作”;C选项put“放置”;D选项find“找出”,find out是固定搭配,表示“找出,弄清楚”。句意:他们可以试着找出更多关于他们的家庭来自哪里的信息。因此D选项符合题意。
5.【试题答案】C
【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项had“有”;B选项did“做”;C选项developed“发展”;D选项found“找到”。句意:他们发展出了什么。因此C选项符合题意。
6.【试题答案】A
【试题解析】考查副词辨析。A选项fairly“相当地”;B选项greatly“非常地”;C选项mostly“主要地”;D选项widely“广泛地”。句意:特别是在历史相当短的国家。
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