八年级语法一般过去式和不定式讲解

定义：过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。Grammar

——一般过去式yesterday,

this

morning,

just

now,

a

moment

ago,

last

night

/

year

/

week,

once

upon

a

time,

the

other

day,

in

the

past1What

did

you

do

yesterday?

I

met

Lin

Tao

this

morning.

I

was

there

a

moment

ago.

2Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：⑴am和is变为was。（wasnot=wasn’t）

⑵are变为

were。（werenot=weren’t）⑶否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子

肯定句：Jimwent

homeyesterday.否定句：didn’t+动词原形，

Jimdidn'tgohomeyesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。

Did

Jimgohomeyesterday?4动词过去式变化规则：1．一般在动词末尾加-edlook-looked,ask-asked2．结尾是e加dtaste-tasted3．末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-edstop-stopped4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-edstudy-studied5．不规则动词过去式：56begolooktastestudyseegetwalk7Grammar

——不定代词some,any,no,every·分别加上-thing,-one,-body构成的不定代词叫做合成不定代词；something,nothinganyone,someone,everyone,anywhere·加上-where构成副词。

8（1）合成不定代词在句中可以作主语，宾语或表语等。

Nobodywilllistentohim.Hewantssomethingtoeat.

（2）不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。

Everybodylikesreading.

Thereis

nothingwrongwiththeTV.9（3）some-不定代词，通常用于肯定句中；

Someoneiscallingme.any-不定代词则多用于否定句、疑问句中。

Thereisn’tanyoneelsethere.Isanybodyoverthere?但some-可用于表请求、邀请、预料对方会作肯定回答时的疑问句中。Couldyougivemesomethingtoeat?

10（4）形容词修饰不定代词时，通常要放在不定代词之后。

Thereissomething

deliciousonthetable.（5）somewhere,anywhere,nowhere,everywhere用作副词。

Flowerscomeouteverywhere.

11巩固练习：

用不定代词或不定副词填空：

1.Ican’thearanything=Icanhear_________.2.Thereis__________onthefloor.Pleasepickitup.

3.Did________gotoplaybasketballwithyou?4.Iphonedyoulastnight,but________answeredit.

5.Maybe__________putmypencil_________.Ican’tfindit___________.12单选1.Noone________howtodoit.A.knowB.knowsC.knowingD.knew2.Everything_____OK,isn’tit?A.wasB.areC.andD.is3.There’s________inthenewspaper.Youshouldrea