多天线组播波束赋形算法性能分析报告

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确定方向、开始准确定方向、开始准通过调研全面准通过调研全面准系统分析研究、确定算根据算法建立仿真平台根据结果修改仿真平第三阶》1具体的算法以及文献见1.5参考资料部分。仿真平台借助工具包SeDuMiJ.F.Sturm,“UsingSeDuMi1.02,A toolboxforoptimiza-tionoversymmetriccones,”Optimiz.MethodsSoftw.,vol.11–12,pp.625–653,1999N.D.Sidiropoulos,T.N.Davidson,andZ.-Q.Luo,“Transmitbeamformingforphysical-multicasting,”IEEETrans.SignalProcess.,vol.54,no.6,pp.2239–2251,Jun.N.D.SidiropoulosandT.N.Davidson,“Broadcastingwithchannelstateinformation,”inProc.IEEESAM,Jul.2004,pp.489–493.Y.SunandK.J.R.Liu,“TransmitDiversityTechniquesforMulticastingoverWirelessNetworks,”inIEEEWirelessCommunicationsandNetworkingConference(WCNC),2004.Y.GaoandM.Schubert,“Group-orientedbeamformingformulti-streammulticastingbasedonquality-of-servicerequirements,”inProc.ComputationalAdvancesinMulti-SensorAdaptiveProcessing(CAMSAP),Dec.2005.E.Karipidis,N.D.Sidiropoulos,andZ.-Q.Luo,“ConvexTransmitBeamformingforDownlinkMulticastingtoMultipleCo-ChannelGroups,”inProc.ICASSP2006,vol.V,May2006,pp.V–973–V–976.Y.GaoandM.Schubert,“Powerallocationformulti-groupmulticastingS.BoydandL.Vandenberghe,ConvexOptimization.CambridgeUniversityPress,K.T.Phan,S.A.Vorobyov,N.D.Sidiropoulos,andC.lambura,“SpectrumsharingwirelessnetworksviaQoS-awaresecondarymulticastbeamforming,”IEEETrans.SignalProcess.,vol.57,no.6,pp.2323–2335,Jun.2009.Y.J.ZhangandA.M.-C.So,“OptimalspectrumsharinginMIMOcognitiveradionetworksviasemidefiniteprogramming,”IEEEJ.Sel.AreasCommun.,vol.29,no.2,pp.362–373,Feb.2011.M.J.Lopez,“Multiplexing,scheduling,andmulticastingstrategiesforantennaarraysinwirelessnetworks,”Ph.D.dissertation,Dept.Elect.Eng.andComp.Sci.,Mass.Inst.Technol.(MIT),Cambridge,2002.E.Karipidis,N.D.Sidiropoulos,andZ.-Q.Luo,"Qualityofserviceandmax-minfairtransmitbeamformingtomultiplecochannelmulticastgroups,"IEEETrans.SignalProcessing,vol.56,no.3,pp.1268-1279,March2008.E.Karipidis,N.D.Sidiropoulos,andZ.-Q.Luo,“Transmitbeamformingtomultipleco-channelmulticastgroups,”inProc.IEEECAMSAP,Dec.2005,pp.109–112.E.Karipidis,N.D.Sidiropoulos,andZ.-Q.Luo,“Convextransmitbeamformingfordownlinkmulticastingtomultipleco-channelgroups,”inProc.IEEEInt.Conf.Acoust.,Speech,SignalProcess.(ICASSP),Toulouse,France,May14–19,2006,pp.973–976.E.Karipidis,N.D.Sidiropoulos,andZ.-Q.Luo,“Far-fieldmulticastbeamformingforuniformlinearantennaarrays,”IEEETrans.SignalProcess.,vol.55,no.10,pp.4916–4927,Oct.2007.Silva,Yu.;Klein,A“LinearTransmitBeamformingTechniquesfortheMultigroupMulticastScenario”IEEETrans.Veh.Technol,vol.58,no.8,pp.4353–4367,October2009Q.H.SpencerandM.Haardt,“Capacityanddownlinktransmissionalgorithmsforamulti-userMIMOchannel,”inProc.AsilomarConf.Signals,Syst.Comput.,Nov.2002,vol.2,pp.1384–1388.Q.H.Spencer,A.L.Swindlehurst,andM.Haardt,“Zero-forcingmethodsfordownlinkspatialmultiplexinginmultiuserMIMOchannels,”IEEETrans.SignalProcess.,vol.52,no.2,pp.461–471,Feb.2004.Q.H.Spencer,A.L.Swindlehurst,andM.Haardt,“Zero-forcingmethodsfordownlinkspatialmultiplexinginmultiuserMIMOchannels,”IEEETrans.SignalProcess.,vol.52,no.2,pp.461–471,Feb.2004.D.P.PalomarandJ.R.Fonollosa,“Practicalalgorithmsforafamilyofwaterfillingsolutions,”IEEETrans.SignalProcess.,vol.53,no.2,pp.686–695,Feb.2005.M.SchubertandH.Boche,“SolutionofthemultiuserdownlinkbeamformingproblemwithindividualSINRconstraints,”IEEETrans.Veh.Technol.,vol.53,no.1,pp.18–28,Jan.2004.E.Matskani,N.D.Sidiropoulos,Z.-Q.Luo,andL.Tassiulas,”JointMulticastBeamformingandAdmissionControl”,inProc.SPAWC2007,December12-14,St,Thomas,U.S.VirginIslands.E.MatskaniandN.D.Sidiropoulos,“OnmulticastbeamformingandadmissioncontrolforUMTS-LTE,”inProc.IEEEInt.Conf.Acoust.,Speech,SignalProcess.(ICASSP),LasVegas,NV,Apr.2008,pp.2361–2364.J.F.Sturm,“UsingSeDuMi1.02,atoolboxforoptimizationoversymmetriccones,”Optim.MethodsSoftw.,vol.11–12,pp.625–653,1999.3GPP,“MultimediaBroadcast/Multicastservice(MBMS);architectureand，，全海洋等，3GPP长期演进(LTE)技术原理与系统设计，人民邮电出E.Matskani,N.D.Sidiropoulos,Z.-Q.Luo,andL.Tassiulas,“ASecond-orderConeDeflationApproachtoJointMulituserDownlinkBeamformingandAdmissionControl,”inProc,SPAWC2007,June17-20,Helsinki,Finland.E.Matskani,N.D.Sidiropoulos,Z.-Q.Luo,andL.Tassiulas,“ConvexApproximationTechoniquesforMulituserDownlinkBeamformingandAdmissionControl,”IEEE,Trans.onWirelessCommunication,revised.3GPPTR25.996v10.0.0.SpatialChannelModelforMultipleInputMultipleOutput(MIMO)Simulations(release10)[S].向量w的第i个元素表示为w，矩W的第i行j列的元素为 、T、Htr()rank(

2INNN、、分别表示实数、整数域、和复数min()、与max()分别表示求最小值、最大argmin(表示求取最小值的参argmax()表示求取最大值的参AB中的符号表示的是Kronecker diag(x)：当x为一个矩阵时，返回一个向量，当x为一个向量时，返回一个矩 AngleofBlockChannelState ongTermMA-ZeroForcingSINR MultipleGroupMax-MinMU-Multi-UserMultipleInputMinimumMeanSquareQualityofSINR SignaltoNoiseSignaltoInterferenceplusNoiseSingleGroupSignaltoInterference TD-Universal Zero测试应QoSMMF准则求出赋形增益w，并作波束赋形图分析与各种参数配置之间的变化关系。在瑞利信道下，可以改变天线数、用户数、以及蒙特卡洛的次数等参数配置通过QoSkkQoSMMF准则求出赋形向量wG(2，即G2kkkkMMF准则求出赋形增益通过QoSMMF准则求出赋形向量wkkBER特性，与方案一种提到的SDP算法进行对比。方案一，是基于角度信息的组播波束赋形算法，其内容是QoS和MMF准则SDP算法在瑞利信道下（用户角度位置随机）和范德蒙信道（远场视距条件下用户是比较基于单播改进的算法提出以后与常用的SDP算法的性能和复杂度的比较和分1SG_QoS不是很大，大部分是在3-5分贝之间，在工程领域内是能够的。2SNR=SNR=QoSMulticast

QoSMulticast90 9011 04

321

0N=8antennaelements;M=24usersinG=1 N=8antennaelements;M=24usersinG=1QoS准则的组播波束赋形，在其他条件同样配置下，由两幅图可以SNR要求，而3SNR=SNR=表3SG_QoS不同天线数配置QoSMulticast QoSMulticast1 01 021102 N=8antennaelements;M=24usersinG=1 N=4antennaelements;M=24usersinG=1图3天线数对SG_QoS赋形图的影响（左边8根、右边4根单群组场景，基于QoS准则的组播波束赋形，在其他条件同样配置下，随着天线4SNR=SNR=QoSMulticast QoSMulticast 0 0221002

N=8antennaelements;M=12usersinG=1 N=8antennaelements;M=24usersinG=1QoS准则的组播波束赋形，在其他条件同样配置下，用户数越多，55SNR=SNR=QoSMulticast QoSMulticast90 90 04202

N=8antennaelements;M=24usersinG=1 N=8antennaelements;M=24usersinG=1界信噪比比形6SG_MMFSG_MMF_plot76SNR=SNR=MMFMulticast MMFMulticast 2210

N=8antennaelements;M=24usersinG=1 N=8antennaelements;M=24usersinG=1SNR=SNR=表8SG_MMF不同天线数配MMFMulticast MMFMulticast90 9021212

10

N=4antennaelements;M=24usersinG=1 N=8antennaelements;M=24usersinG=1图7天线数对SG_MMF赋形图的影响（左边4根、右边8根98所示SNR=SNR=SNR=SNR=9SG_MMFMMFMulticast MMFMulticast12211221210

N=8antennaelements;M=24usersinG=1 N=8antennaelements;M=12usersinG=1MMFMulticast MMFMulticast90 90

210

2100

N=8antennaelements;M=36usersinG=1 N=8antennaelements;M=48usersinG=110910SG_MMFMMFMulticast MMFMulticast212122102

N=8antennaelements;M=24usersinG=1 N=8antennaelements;M=24usersinG=19信道噪声对SG_MMFN/GRI8/2×688/2×N/GRI8/2×688/2×66/2×66/2×66/2×64/2×654/2×64/2×618/2×88/2×86/2×86/2×86/2×84/2×84/2×88/2×8/2×6/2×6/2×6/2×4/2×4/2×8/2×8/2×6/2×6/2×6/2×4/2×8/2×8/2×6/2×6/2×4/2×8/2×8/2×6/2×6/2×4/2×8/2×8/2×6/2×6/2×4/2×8/2×8/2×6/2×6/2×4/2×8/2×8/2×6/2×6/2×4/2×8/2×8/2×6/2×6/2×8/2×58/2×6/2×6/2×8/2×6/2×8/2×11MG_QoS RRfeasibilitypercentage

0 10RRtoIequivalencepercentage0 虽然松弛后可行的概率降低，但是可行后，秩为1的概率却在上升。(1)12SNR=SNR=12MG_QoSQoSMulticast QoSMulticast90 9011

21

0

N=8antennaelements;M=24usersinG=2 N=8antennaelements;M=24usersinG=212(2)天线数对赋形增益的影1313SNR=SNR=表13MG_QoS天线数配QoSMulticast QoSMulticast1 1 110

N=4antennaelements;M=24usersinG=2 N=8antennaelements;M=24usersinG=2图13天线数对赋形图的影1414SINR=SINR=14MG_QoSQoSMulticast QoSMulticast90 9011111

00

N=8antennaelements;M=24usersinG=2 N=8antennaelements;M=12usersinG=2141515SINR=SINR=QoSMulticast QoSMulticast

90

90424200

N=8antennaelements;M=24usersinG=2 N=8antennaelements;M=24usersinG=2MG_MMF_plot(1)1616SINR=SINR=MMFMulticast MMFMulticast90 9