总论：翻译简史和性质课件

BriefIntroductiontoTranslationI.BriefhistoryoftranslationinChinaII.ThenatureoftranslationIII.Translator’squalificationsSession2段自力嘉兴学院外国语学院BriefhistoryoftranslationinChinaFourimportantperiodsoftranslationinChina1.EastHanDynasty–TangDynasty2.MingDynasty–QingDynasty3.May4thMovement–the1950s4.the1980s--段自力嘉兴学院外国语学院MajorWorksTranslatedforeachperiod1stperiod:SanskritBuddhistScripture2ndperiod:Science&technology;socialsciencesandliterature3rdperiod:Literature;socialsciences4thperiod:Socialsciences;Literature段自力嘉兴学院外国语学院Specificworkstranslated:examples2ndperiod:徐光启:《几何原本》；严复:《天演论》(EvolutionandEthics);林纾:《巴黎茶花女遗事》(LaDameauxCameliabyAlexanderDumasfils.)LinShu(translated156/185literaryworks).3rdperiod:张谷若:《还乡》(TheReturnoftheNatives),《苔丝》TessoftheD’urbervilles朱生豪:31PlaysbyShakespeare傅东华:GonewiththeWind傅雷:《高老头》,《追忆逝水年华》(ALaChercheduTempsPerdu)4thperiod:manyforeignliteraryworksintoChinese.ChineseliteraryworksintoEnglish.杨宪益，戴乃迭，Chineseclassicstranslatione.g.ADreamofRedMansion,许渊冲,Chinesepoetrytranslation.张培基,modernChineseprosetranslation.段自力嘉兴学院外国语学院Featuresoftranslationineachperiod(1)1stperiod:Translationmethod:Literaltranslationisadvocatedandpreferred.Translationtheory:支谦在《法句经序》中提出“因循本旨，不加文饰”。道安：案本而传(conveyastheoriginalsays)；提出“五失本，三不易”fivedeviationsfromtheoriginal;threedifficulties)玄奘:五不翻(transliterationinfivecases)彦琮:八备(eightconditionsfortranslators)2ndperiod:manyforeignliteraryworksweretranslatedintoclassicChinese.Rewritingcharacterizesthetranslations.段自力嘉兴学院外国语学院Featuresoftranslationineachperiod(2)3rdperiod:Mosttranslatorstendtotranslateliberally.LuXunputforwardthestandardoffaithfulnessratherthansmoothness.ZhuShenghaoarguesthatthetranslatorshouldkeeptheflavorandspiritoftheoriginal.FuLeiputsforththestandardofshengshi.QianZhongshuputsforthhuajing段自力嘉兴学院外国语学院Featuresoftranslationineachperiod(3)ManytranslationtheoristssuchasNida,Catford,PeterNewmarkhavebecomefamiliartoChinesescholarsandotherreaders.ManyschoolsoftranslationtheoryhavebeenintroducedtoChina.

段自力嘉兴学院外国语学院Twoexamplesaboutcultureinliterarytranslation1.“一肚皮的酒，几乎全化成酸醋……”(-----《围城》)“ThewineinHsin-mei’sstomachturnedtosourvinegarinhisjealousy.”(FortressBesieged)C.f.Hisheavyconsumptionofalcoholburningthroughhisveinsinflamedhimwithjealousy.Hewasfilledwithjealousyfuelledbydrinkingalargedoseofalcohol.Heexperiencedsuchaburningsensationofjealousyafterconsumingtoomuchalcohol.段自力嘉兴学院外国语学院translationisanart:

someexamplesHehadleftanoteofwelcomeforme,assunnyashisface.他留下一封短信，对我表示欢迎，那信写得热情洋溢，一如其人。段自力嘉兴学院外国语学院onedefinitionoftranslationTranslationisacross-lingualandcross-culturalcommunicativeactivity.Itreproducesthemessageofthesourcetextintothemessageofthetargettexttomakethetargetreaderunderstandwhatthesourcetextisabout.段自力嘉兴学院外国语学院PassageExampleforTranslationisanartandacraftTipsforcomprehension:Thispassageisanessay.ThedifficultyofitstranslationdoesnotlieinitscomprehensionbutinitsexpressinginChinese.ThetranslationshouldbereadablelikeaChineseessay.段自力嘉兴学院外国语学院FoodforThoughtTherearemomentsinlifewhenyoumisssomeonesomuchthatyoujustwanttopickthemfromyourdreamsandhugthemforreal!Whenthedoorofhappinesscloses,anotheropens,butoftentimeswelooksolongatthecloseddoorthatwedon'tseetheonewhichhasbeenopenedforus.Don'tgoforlooks;theycandeceive.Don'tgoforwealth;eventhatfadesaway.Goforsomeonewhomakesyousmilebecauseittakesonlyasmiletomakeadarkdayseembright.Findtheonethatmakesyourheartsmile.段自力嘉兴学院外国语学院FoodforThought生命中有多少这样的时刻，我们对一个人朝思暮想，只想一把把她从梦中拉出来，拥她人怀!一扇通往幸福的门关闭了，另一扇通往幸福的门会打开。可有多少次啊，我们徘徊在那扇关闭的门前，却忽略了那扇早已为我们开启的新的幸福之门。不要以貌取人，花容月貌也许会欺骗你;不要追逐钱财，钱财会消蚀枯竭;去寻找那个让你笑口常开的人吧，一个微笑就可以使郁闷的日子云开雾散，风和日丽;去追寻那个令你心灵愉悦的人吧。段自力嘉兴学院外国语学院FoodforThoughtDreamwhatyouwanttodream;gowhereyouwanttogo;bewhatyouwanttobe,becauseyouhaveonlyonelifeandonechancetodoallthethingsyouwanttodo.Mayyouhaveenoughhappinesstomakeyousweet,enoughtrialstomakeyoustrong,enoughsorrowtokeepyouhuman,enoughhopetomakeyouhappy.Thehappiestofpeopledon'tnecessarilyhavethebestofeverything;theyjustmakethemostofeverythingthatcomesalongtheirway.段自力嘉兴学院外国语学院FoodforThoughtLovebeginswithasmile,growswithakissandendswithatear.Thebrightestfuturewillalwaysbebasedonaforgottenpast,youcan'tgoonwellinlifeuntilyouletgoofyourpastfailuresandheartaches.Whenyouwereborn,youwerecryingandeveryonearoundyouwassmiling.Liveyourlifesothatwhenyoudie,you'retheonewhoissmilingandeveryonearoundyouiscrying.段自力嘉兴学院外国语学院FoodforThought爱始于微笑，育于亲吻，凋于流泪。我们最亮丽的未来扎根于我们对过去的遗忘，只有对曾经的失败与挫折不再耿耿于怀，生命才会变得更加美好。当你呱呱落地，啼哭不已时，周围的人却笑逐颜开;要认真地生活，只有这样，当你走到生命尽头时，你才会含笑而眠而周围的人却会痛哭不已。段自力嘉兴学院外国语学院英伦之美

（1）英国是一个岛国，处在大海的怀抱里，可是对这一点我们却总是漫不经心。（2）我们知道在一个小小的空间里一切都得巧加安排。（3）大自然仿佛为英国精心摆布了她的江山，把山脉、平原、河流和湖泊装点在一个小小的岛国之中。（4）一座一万二千尺高的山脉在英国犹如一个巨大的魔鬼，而如果将一块四百英里长的平地，或者将一条象密西西比河一样宽阔的河流摆在英国也必定是造物错铸了山河。（5）虽然这个岛国没有显著的地理特征，但是几乎处处都有着令人惊叹的地形地貌。英伦虽小，但她的山脉仍然是山脉，