主谓一致与定语从句

主谓一致和定语从句的考点集汇，解说和训练主谓一致：【考点直】法一致的原意一致的原近一致的原【名点睛】受主支配， 和主在人称和数上保持一致， 叫做主一致。 主一致一般遵循三条原： 法一致原，意一致原和就近一致原1. 法一致的原以数名或代，不定式短作主， 要用数用复数，比如： Hegoestoschoolearlyeverymorning.

。;主复数，Thechildrenareplayingoutside.Toworkhardisnecessaryforastudent.由and或both⋯⋯and 接的并列成分作主， 用复数。比如： BothheandIareright. Mr.BlackandMrs.BlackhaveasoncalledTom.但并列主假如指的是同一人，同一事物或同一观点， 用数。比如：Histeacherandfriendisabeautifulgirl.由and 接的并列数主以前假如分由

Thepoetandwriterhascome.each,every 修，其 要用数形式。比如：

Inourcountryeveryboyandeverygirlhastherighttoreceiveeducation.（4）主是数，只管边跟有but,except,besides,with 等介短， 仍用数。比如：Thewithhisstudentsisgoingtovisitthemuseum.（5）一些只有复数形式的名，如people,police,cattle,clothes 等作主， 要用复数。比如： Alotofpeoplearedancingoutside. Thepolicearelookingforlostboy.由each,some,any,no,every 组成的复合代作主， 都用数。比如：Iseverybodyready?有两部分组用复数。比如：

Somebodyisusingthephone.如glasses,shoes,trousers,chopsticks,scissors 等作主，Wherearemyshoes?Ican ’tfindthemYour.trousersaredirty.You ’dbetterchangethem.假如名前用了pair的复数形式。比如：

apairof 等，常常用作数，

的复数形式常常取决Herearesomenewpairsofshoes.Mynewpairofsocksisonthebed.2. 意一致的原（1）表、距离、价钱、胸怀衡等的名作主，往常用数。比如：Twentyyearsisnotalongtime. Tendollarsistoodear.（2）有些会合名，如family,team 等作主，如作一个整体对待， 用数；如指此中每个成，复数。比如：Myfamilyisbigone. MyfamilyarewatchingTV.（3）不定代由all,most,more,some,any,none 作主，也要依些代表示的意来决定 的复数式。假如代代表复数可数名， 用复数；假如代代表数可数名或不行数名， 用数。比如：Alloftheworkhasbeenfinished. Allofthepeoplehavegone.（4）疑代作主，其 也有两种状况：主表示复数意， 用复数；主表示数意， 用数。如：Whoisyourbrother? WhoareLeaguemembers?（5）“分数或百分数 +of+名”组成的作主，其 要以 of的名而定名是复数， 用复数：名是数， 用数。比如：Itissaidthat35percentofthedoctorsarewomen.Three–fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthissea.（6）half,therest 用数。比如：Ihavereadalargepartofthebook,therestismoredifficult.（7）由what引地主于从句作主，往常 用数形式。但假如所指内容复数意， 用复形式。比如：Whatshesaidiscorrect. Whatsheleftmeareafewoldbooks.（8）凡是以“定冠+形容（或分）”作主，常常依据意一致的原决定 的复数形式。假如种主的是一人， 用复数；假如指的是一个人或抽象观点， 用数形式。比如：Thesickhavebeencuredandthelosthavebeenfound.3. 近一致的原由 or,either ⋯⋯or,neither ⋯⋯nor,notonly ⋯butalso,等接的并列主，假如个是数，一个是复数， 按就近一致原，与最凑近它的主一致。比如：EitheryouorIamright. Neitherthechildrennortheteacherknowsanythingaboutit.在“Therebe ”句型中, 和凑近的主一致。aswellas 和名用 , 和第一个名相一致。HeaswellasIisresponsibleforit.（4）以here开的句子，其 和凑近的主一致。Hereisaletterandsomebooksforyou.

不只是我，他件事也有任。【实例分析】Howtimeflies!Tenyears passed.have B.has C.is D.areNotonlyhisparentsbutalsohisbrother totheSummerPalace.Theyhaven

’tbeenbhavebeen B.havegone C.hasbeen D.hasgoneNeithermyfather goingtoseethepatient.norIam B.norIare C.ormeare D.ormeisLook!There playingwiththetouristsonYinheSquare.areanumberofdeer B.areanumberofdeersC.isanumberofdeer【中考操练】一.选择填空

D.isanumberofdeersTheysaidtheeighteenthandlastlesson quiteeasy.---WhenareyougoingtoKunmingforyourholidays?---Ihaven ’tdecided. thisSunday nextSundayisOK.Both;and B.Either;or C.Neither;nor D.Notonly;butalso Helen JoanspeaksbeautifulChineseaftertheycametoChina.Neither;nor B.Notonly;butalso C.Both;and D.AandB ofthemhashisownopinion.Both B.Some C.Every D.EachArethereany onthefarm?horse B.duck C.chicken D.sheepMyshirt whiteandmytrousers blue.are;are B.are;is C.is;is D.is;are------Twomonths quitealongtime.------Yes.I ’mafraidthathewillmissalotoflessons.is B.are C.was D.wereTheoldmanhastwochildrenbut ofthemliveswithhim.both B.none C.neither D.allOurknowledgeofcomputer growingallthetime.be B.is C.are D.wereEveryoneexceptTomandJohn therewhenthemeetingbegan.A.is B.was C.are D.wereMostofthehouses thisyear.A.hasbuilt B.havebuilt C.hasbeenbuilt D.havebeenbuiltIthinkmaths verydifficulttolearn.A.is B.are C.has D.haveAlargenumberofstudents toworkinXinjiang.A.havegone B.hasgone C.goes D.isgoingThenumberofthestudentsintheclass small.A.are B.is C.have D.wereThere alotofgoodnewsintodayA.is B.are C.was D.were二. 用所给动词的适合形式填空 (be)everythingOK?Nobody (know)theanswertothequestion.Tendividedbytwo (be)five.Mostofthedrinkingwater (be)fromtheBlack

’snewspaper.NotonlyshebutalsoI (do)morningexerciseseveryday.Eitheryouorshe (have)madeawrongdecision.Thefamily (be)spendingtheweekendtogether.Breadandbutter (be)herdailybreakfast.Thepolice (be)tryingtocatchthethief.Thenumberofpeopleinvited fifty,butanumberofthem absentfordifferentreasons.三.翻译以下句子我们两个人都没有看这部电影。我的茶杯里没有水了。不是他就是我要到哪儿去。学生们和老师都不知道这件事。我们家正在一同度周末。定语从句：【考点扫描】中考对定语从句的考察主要集中在以下几个方面：1、定语从句的功用和构造2、关系代词和关系副词的功用3、各个关系代词和关系副词的详细用法考察的主要形式是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和达成句子。阅读理解和书面表达一定也要用到定语从句。【名师精讲】.定语从句的功用和构造在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句一定放在先行词以后。指引定语从句的关系词相关系代词和关系副词。比如：Thisisthepresentthathegavemeformybirthday.Doyouknoweverybodywhocametotheparty?二. 关系代词和关系副词的功用关系代词和关系副词用来指引定于从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使两者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充任一个成分。关系待客做主语， 宾语，语，关系副词可作状语。Idon’tlikepeoplewhotalkmuchbutdolittle.SheisthepersonthatImetattheschoolgateyesterday.作定语关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。比如：What’sthenameoftheyoungmanwhosesisterisadoctor?作状语I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing..各个关系代词和关系副词的详细用法who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。比如：Thepersonwhobrokethewindowmustpayforit.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。比如：whose指人，在定语从句中作定语。比如：which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。比如：that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。比如：I’vereadthenewspaperthat(which)carriestheimportantnews.when指时间，在定语从句中作状语。比如：I’llneverforgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.where 指地址，在定语从句中作状语。比如： Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.四.关系代词whom，which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时，能够和介词一同放于先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也能够将 whom 与which 与先行词紧挨着书写，而介词置于定语从句的后边，如：Thatwastheroominwhichwehadlivedfortenyears.=Thatwastheroom ..详细使用时还要注意以下问题：只好使用that,不用which 的状况：先行词是all,few,little,nothing,everything,anythingAllthathesaidistrue.先行词被only,no,any,all, 等词修饰时。比如：Heistheonlyforeignerthathasbeentothatplace.先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。比如：先行词是形容词最高等或被形容词最高等修饰的词。先行词既包含人又包含物时。比如：

等不定代词时。比如：只好用whichthat的状况：在非限制性定语从中。比如：Themeetingwasputoff,whichwasexactlywhatwewanted.定语从句由介词+Thethingaboutwhichheistalkingisofgreatimportance.【中考典范】---Doestheteacherknoweverybody plantedthetrees?

---Yes,hedoes.which

whose

where

whoTheletter Ireceivedfromhimyesterdayisveryimportant.who

where

what

that---Whereisthescientist gaveusthetalkyesterday?---HehasgonebacktoQinghuaUniversity.whom

who

whose

whichIhatepeople talkmuchbutdolittle.whose【满分操练】一.单项填空

whom

which

who---Whoistheman wastalkingtoourEnglishteacher?---Oh!It ’sMr.Baker,ourmathsteacher.he

that

whom

whichIhatethepeople don ’thelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.who

which

they

whereTheforeigner visitedourschoolisfromCanada.which

when

who

whomGeorgeMallorywasanEnglishschoolteacher lovedclimbing.who

whom

he

whichThisistheplace Ihaveevervisited.there

when

where

whichNobodyknowsthereason shedidn ’tcometothemeeting.that

which

why

whenThemoonisaworld thereisnolife.that

which

where

whyHehasforgottentheday hearrived.when

where

that

whichHestillremembersthedays hespentwithyourfamily.when

where

that

onwhichMr.White, carhadbeenstolen,cametothepoliceman.who

that

whose

whichHegottothevillage hisfamilyoncelivedbeforeliberation.that

which

when

whereThisisthehouse Iwanttobuy.inwhich

that

whose

whereThisisthehouse ourbelovedPremierZhouoncelivedandworked.which

that

when

whereHedidn ’ttellmetheplace hewasborn.that

which

when

whereHelivedinasmallvillage, wasalongwayfromtherailwaystation.that

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where

when二.用关系代词或关系副词将以下每对句子连成一个复合句Theboyismyyoungerbrother.Theoldmanisaprofessor.

Hewashereaminuteago.Heteacheschemistryinacollege.BeijingHotelisnearTianAnMenSquare. Theforeignvisitorslivethere.Thewomanisherenow. Youweretalkingabouther.Thisisthehall. Welistenedtothereportinittheotherday.Thecarwasgoing90milesanhour.Thecarjustpassedus.Themanwavedtous. Themanwasmyuncle.三.用适合的关系代词或关系副词填空Thehouse weliveinisverybig.Theboy iswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.Thisisthepresent hegavemeformybirthday.Theman talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools hehadvisited.Thereisnothingintheworld canfrightenhim.Shewearsagoldring, isveryuncommoninourclass.Wevisitedafactory makestoysforchildren.Isthistheplace yourfatheroncelived?I’llneverforgetthedays IjoinedtheLeague.完型填空：Asmy trainwasdelayedfortwo hours,I hadplenty oftimetospare.Afterbuyingsomemagazinestoreadonthejourney,Igavemywifealong-distancecall.ThenI 1mywaytotheluggage（行李）officetocollectmyheavysuitcase.Iwerequiteafewpeoplewaiting,andItookoutmyThereceiptseemednotwhereIhadplacedit.Nomatterhow

2 ittherethreedaysbefore.There3 tofindthereceipt( 数据)formycase.4 Isearched,thereceiptwasnowheretobefound.Whenmyturncame,Iexplainedthesituationsorrowfully （伤心地）tothe5 .Themanlookedme 6 asiftosaythathehadheardthiskindofstorymanytimes.Heasked 7 mycasewaslike.Itoldhimitwasanoldbrown-lookingobjectnodifferent 8themanycasesIcouldseeinhisoffice.Theassistantthentoldmeto 9 alistofwhatwasmainly inthe case.Ifthey

were 10 ,hesaid,Icould

takethecaseaway.I

triedtorememberall

thething