2023学年重庆铁路中学高三下第一次测试英语试题（含解析）

2023学年高考英语模拟测试卷注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角"条形码粘贴处"。2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试题卷上。3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．—IfeelsonervousabouttheNationalEnglishSpeechCompetitiontomorrow.—.A．Ireallyenvyyou B．GladtohearthatC．Soundsgreat D．Takeiteasy2．I'mverygratefultomyhighschoolteachers，without_____________helpIwouldn'tbesoexcellent.A．their B．whomC．whose D．which3．Hi,Mark.Howwasthemusicalevening?Excellent!AlesandAndyperformed_________andtheywonthefirsprize.A．skillfully B．commonly C．willingly D．nervously4．8studentsand2teachersatSantaFeHighSchoolbya17-year-studentarmedwithashotgunandapistol.Thisisoneofthemanygun-relatedtragediesthathavehappenedinthelast2years.A．killedB．werekilledC．havekilledD．havebeenkilled5．Theyhadjusttakentheirseats,then_____A．thechairmancame B．thechairmancomes C．camethechairman D．comesthechairman6．Thetrafficproblemswearelookingforwardtoseeingshouldhaveattractedthegovernment'sattention.A．solving B．solve C．solved D．tosolve7．JamesSmithandhisgirlfriendwenttoChenyiSquaretocelebratetheNewYear,never_________.A．returned B．toreturnC．returning D．havingreturned8．—Excuseme,Iwonderifyoucanhelpme?—Sure.______?A．Whathelp B．Whatisthis C．Whatisit D．Whatdoyouwant9．Theiryoungestgirlisatthestage______shecansayasinglewordbutnotafullsentenceA．when B．whichC．that D．where10．Ifwesurroundourselveswithpeople_____ourmajorpurpose,wecangettheirsupportandencouragement.A．insympathywith B．intermsofC．inhonourof D．incontrastwith11．—Isitenoughtofinishtheformforapassport,Madam?—Yourpassportapplicationformshouldbe________bytworecentphotos.A．updated B．accompaniedC．established D．identified12．--Whenwillyoucomehomefordinner?I’llprepareitforyou.--Don’t________it.I’lleatoutwithmyfriends.A．careabout B．worryabout C．botherabout D．talkabout13．Thecompanyneedsto_____itsoutdatedimagetopromoteitsnewly-releasedproduct.A．layout B．callupC．shakeoff D．giveaway14．Iliveinatown______runsasmallandwindingriver.A．throughwhichB．whichC．inwhichD．where15．.Wouldyouhavetoldhimtheanswerhaditbeenpossible?.Iwouldhave,butI_____sobusythen.A．hadbeen B．were C．was D．wouldbe16．Nowadays,moreandmoreyoungladies,figuresmostarefineenough,aregoingonadiet.A．who B．whoseC．ofwhose D．ofwhom17．AftertheargumentColinranawayand______since.A．Isn’theardof B．wasn’theardofC．hasn’tbeenheardof D．hadn’tbeenheardof18．Togetaslimfigure,Fannyhastriedmanyways,butinvain.Sonowsheisreducedanythingforsupper.A．tonoteating B．nottoeatC．nottoeating D．tonoteat19．---____thathemanagetogettheinformation?Oh，afriendofhishelpedhim.A．Wherewasit B．WhatwasitC．Howwasit D．Whywasit20．—Lucy,couldyoupleasesparemeafewminutes?一,butIhope“afewminutes”,won’tturnintoanhour.A．Itdoesn’tmatterB．That'skindofyouC．I’mafraidnotD．Iguessso第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Livinginaculturethatisdifferentfromyourowncanbebothanexcitingandchallengingexperience.Thefollowingare6culturaldifferencesbetweenChinaandtheUSAtohelppromotingmutualunderstanding.MoneyAsiswellknown,theChineseareconservativewhentheyareplanningtospendmoney,butfarfewerAmericanfamiliesaresavingmoneyforemergenciesandeducationthantheirChinesecounterparts(对等的人)..PrivacyChinesepeopledonothavethesameconceptofprivacyasAmericando.Theytalkabouttopicsuchasages,incomeormarital(婚姻的)status,whichAmericansthinkisannoyinganddisturbing.FamilyInChina,eldersaretraditionallytreatedwithgreatrespectwhileyoungarecaredfor.InAmerica,thegoalofthefamilyistoencourageindependence,particularlythatofthechildren.UnliketheChinese,olderAmericansseldomlivewiththeirchildren.FriendsChinesepeoplehavedifferentmeaningstodefinefriends.Justhangingouttogethertimetotimeisnotfriendship.Friendshipmeanslifelongfriendswhofeelitdeeplynecessarytogiveeachotherwhateverhelpmightseemrequired.Americansalwayscallpeopletheymeetfriends,sothedefinitionoffriendsisgeneralanddifferent.Thereareworkfriends,playingfriends,schoolfriendsanddrinkingfriends.EducationChinesepeoplevalueeducationandcareermorethanAmericans,whointurnattachmoregreatimportancetogoodcharacterandfaith,whichtheythinkareofgreatvalueintheirlife.________BasicallyChinavaluesthecommunityandtheUSAvaluestheindividual.IfyouachievesomethingintheUSA,it’sbecauseyouaregreat.WhileinChina,ifyouachievesomething,it’sbecausetheteam,orfamily,orcompanyisgreat.Everythingyoudogetsowedtothegreaterwhole,whileinAmericanindividualachievementsarecelebrated.1、Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Americanslaymorestressonfaithandgoodpersonality.B．Americansthinkmuchoftheindividualandthecommunity.C．AmericansaremeanwithmoneytospendwhileChinesearenot.D．Americansdefinefriendshipalmostthesame.2、Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethelastdifference?A．AchievementsB．IndividualC．TeamVSIndividualD．Teamwork3、Whatisthepurposeofwritingthepassage?A．TopromotefriendshipbetweenChinaandtheUSA．B．TohelpChineselivewellintheUSA．C．TohaveacompleteunderstandingoftheUSA．D．TointroducetheculturaldifferencesbetweenChinaandtheUSA22．（8分）ThecityofAmsterdamisoneofthebestpreservedinallofEurope.Whenvisitingthisremarkablecity,youtendtoforgetyourtroublesjustforamoment.Withthistravelguide,youwillbeabletodiscovertherealAmsterdam.BestTimetoVisitAmsterdamToseethetulip(郁金香)flowersyoucanvisitfrommid-ApriltoearlyMay.FortheNewYear'scelebration,there'realotofpartiesgoingonthen.However,ifyouwanttoenjoyaquieterandmorerelaxingAmsterdam,visitfromOctobertoMarch.GettingAroundAmsterdamYoucanrentabiketogowhereveryouwanttogo.Publictransportationisalsoconvenient.Youcangetachipcardforabout$9.WhatYouShouldKnowBeforeVisitingAmsterdamPlanaheadsincemostoftheattractionsareusuallybusyandbecarefulwithyourwalletsasthecityiswell-knownforpickpockets,Alsobecautiouswhenyouarebuyingsomethinginthemarkets.TheBestofAmsterdamRijksmuseumThismuseumisoneofthefinestintheworld.Makesureyouarrivebefore10amtoavoidbigcrowds.VondelparkIfyouarelookingforwardtorelaxingandenjoyingsomepeaceandquiet,makeatriptothistopchoiceparkinthecity.VanGoghMuseumTheVanGoghMuseumisveryfascinating;youwilldefinitelybemovedasyouseeVincentvanGogh'slifeandhowhedevelopedthroughart.A'DAMTowerIfyouwanttogettheinspiringviewsofAmsterdam,takethelifttothetopofthistower.Youcanalsoclimbaboardthegiaptfour-personswingforsomefunrides.1、InwhichmonthcanvisitorsfeelmoreateaseinAmsterdam?A．June. B．July.C．September. D．November.2、Whatisthepurposeofthepart"WhatYouShouldKnowBeforeVisitingAmsterdam"?A．Providinghelp. B．Givingwarnings.C．Explainingsituations. D．Expressingdisappointment.3、Whereshouldyougotogetabird's-eyeviewofAmsterdam?A．Rijksmuseum. B．Vondelpark.C．TheVanGoghMuseum. D．A'DAMTower.23．（8分）Questioningtheexistenceofaliensissomethingthatscientistshavedonefordecades.Infact,mostpeopledobelievethataliensexistinsomefashion.Themainnecessitiesforlifearewaterandsomeformofenergysource.Notsurprisingly,therearesomeplanets,exoplanetsandmoonsthatfitthebill.Hereareseveralbestchancesatfindinglifeintheuniverse.◆TRAPPIST-1TRAPPIST-1isaplanetarysystemafewdozenlight-yearsaway,whosediscoverywasannouncedinearly2017.ThissystemconsistsofsevenEarth-likeexoplanetsorbitingan"ultra-cool"star,anditisoneofourshotsatfindingpossiblelifebeyondourownsolarsystem.◆TitanTitanisthelargestmoonofSaturn,thesixthplanetfromourSun.Thismooncouldpotentiallyharborlifebutpossiblynotinthesensethatwethink.Titandoesnotexactlyfitthedescriptionofbeinginatypicalhabitablezone.Titanhaswater,andithasliquid.Itjustdoesn'thaveliquidwater.Thewateronthismooniscompletelysolidbecauseoftheextremelycoldtemperature.◆EuropaEuropaisoneofJupiter'smoonshereinourownsolarsystem.Itisanothercandidateduetoitspotentialtoholdliquidwater.Europaisthoughttohaveallthenecessitiesforlifeincludingwater,energysources,andtherightchemicalbuild-up.◆MarsTheRedPlanet,thefourthfromtheSun,isprobablyoneofthemosttalked-aboutpotentialcandidatesforextraterrestrial(地球外的)lifeandevenforhumancolonization.Despitesomedifferentvoices,findingextraterrestriallifeonMarsreallyisaseriouspossibility.Weknowbynowthatwewon'tfindlittlegreenmenoranyintelligentformoflifethatweunderstand.However,thereisevidencethattherewasandmaystillbemicroscopiclifeonthesmallredplanet.1、Thecommonpointofthesecelestialbodiesisthat_______.A．solidwaterexistsonthemrespectivelyB．lifemightexistoneachofthemC．theyallcontainliquidwaterD．eachofthemhaslivingthingsonit2、Whichcelestialbodycouldhavelifedifferentfromhumanimagination?A．TRAPPIST-1.B．Titan.C．Europa.D．Mars.3、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Europaisthemosttalked-aboutpotentialcandidateforextraterrestriallife.B．TRAPPIST-1istheonlybodythatcontainslifebeyondthesolarsystem.C．Allthescientistsdobelievethataliensexistinsomemanner.D．ThereisproofthatlifeexistedonthecelestialbodyMars.24．（8分）It’snosecretthatyourpersonalcharacteristicsdirectlyaffecthowyouinteractwiththeworld-butyoumightbesurprisedatjusthowdeepitgoes.Expertsthinkthatyourpersonalitycanevenaffecthowyouexerciseandinfluencewhatsportsaresuitableforyou.HighlySensitiveHighlysensitivepeoplemaybemoreuncomfortablewithgroupexerciseclassesorteamsportswheretheyfeeltheireverymoveisbeingobserved.Additionally,theymayfeelmoreupsetoveranineffectiveorpoorworkout,saysresearcherElaineAron.Forsuchpeopleindividualornon-competitiveactivitieslikebiking,runningandhikingareideal.TypeAPersonalityTypeAindividualsoftenhavean“allornothingapproach”toexercise.Thispersonalitytypeisknownforstickingcloselytotheirplan,nottomentionbeingsupercompetitive.However,thiscancausethemtosticktoocloselytoafitnessroutine,whichmeanstheymighttrytopushpastaninjury.Togetbetterexerciseresults,TypeApeopleneedtobeawarethatfollowinganexerciseplantoostrictlymaylimittheirprogress.Theyshouldbemoreflexibleandlistentobody,especiallywhentheyareinpain.TypeBPersonalityThislaid-backgroupmaygettoolazyabouttheirexerciseplan,whichpreventsthemfromseeingresults.Theyareoftenlesswillingtodevoteenoughtimeandenergytotheirfitnessgoals,especiallyifexerciseissomethingthatmakesthemanxiousTypeBindividualssucceedincreativeandco-operativeenvironments,soteamsportsandgroupgymclassesmaybeperfect.Remember,thereareplentyofwaysyoucanadaptafitnessplantosuityourneeds,regardlessofyourcharacteristics.Justkeepinmindwhatyoulike.1、Whymighthighlysensitivepeoplebeunwillingtotakepartingroupsports?A．Theydon'tconsiderthemselvestobeathletic.B．Theydon'tlikesocialisingwithotherpeople.C．Theywillfeelliketheyarebeingevaluated.D．Theyfearthey’llbeletdownbytheirteammates.2、TypeApersonalitiescanbebestdescribedas________.A．flexibleB．committedC．independentD．sensitive3、Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．Tohelppeopleunderstandwhatpersonalitytypetheyare.B．Toexplainhowpersonalcharacteristicsaffectexercisehabits.C．Toidentifythedangersofdoingthewrongtypeofexercise.D．Todescribedifferenttypesofworkoutsthatareavailabletoday.25．（10分）AlibabaopenedChina’sversionofAmazon’scashier-lessstore,“TaoCafe”atitssecondannualTaobaoMakerFestivaltakingplacefrom8—12July,andthenshowedittothepublic.ByscanningaQRcode（二维码）onTaobaoappattheentranceofthestore«consumersaretrackedwithcamerasforfacialrecognition.Aftergoingthroughthecheckoutdoors,customerswillautomaticallymakeapurchasethroughtheirsmartphoneswithoutneedingtoheadtoaregisterandbeabletoleavethestorewithwhattheybuyinhand.Thecompany,puttingitseffortsinArtificialIntelligenceanddatatechnologies,causedsomeripples（波动）amongofflineretailers（零售商）.Butifyouthinkthee-commercegiantplanstogetasliceofthephysical-storepie,thenyoumightgetitwrong:“It’snotaboutAlibabawantingtoopenmorecafes,wearenotintherestaurantbusiness.”it’saboutdigitalizingthefootprintsofthevisitorstoanofflinestore,‘‘saidChrisTung,chiefmarketingofficerofAlibabaGroup.Hesaid,forexample,intheonlineworld,Alibabacanalwayspersonalizeeverywebpagebasedonusersinterestandpreferencethankstobigdata,“Whenyouopenourapp,everymomentisdifferent.”Butontheotherhand,“offlineisbecomingnotsoexcitinganymore”,becausemanyphysicalstoresarealwaysfoundtobeverysimilarwithnovariation.Tungsaidofflineretailerscouldimprovebyadoptingonlinedatacompetencetolinktheidentityofthecustomers»andoptimize（优化）theirin-storeshoppingexperience.Sointhissense,afterphysicalstoreshaveanunderstandingofwhattheircustomersneedonline,thentheycanallocatetheproductsinthephysicalofflinestoreaccordingly.Hefurtherexplainedthepop-upTaoCafeisoneofthewaystopresentthis“newretail”ideaandopensuppeople’sthinkingandcallsformorepartnership.1、Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．ThebuyingprocessinTaoCafe.B．ThepaymentmethodofTaoCafe.C．ThemeaningoftheTaobaoMakerFestival.D．TheadvantageoftheTaobaoMakerFestival.2、OfflineretailersworriesthatAlibabawill.A．controlthemarketofproductionB．collectconsumers’sdatainshoppingC．competetogainphysicalstores’sharesD．developitstechnologyofArtificialIntelligence3、WhatisprobablyTung’sopiniononcashier-lessstores?A．Theyappeartobelessexciting.B．Theyaretoreplacetheofflinestores.C．Theyhelptoinspiretheupgradesofretail.D．Theyarrangetheirproductsinarandomway.4、Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Cashier-lesspaymentcompeteswithphysicalstores.B．Theapplicationhasbecomeaninstanthit.C．AlibabacelebratesTaobaoMakerFestival.D．TaoCafeistorevolutionizetheofflineretail.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）In2008,teachersandstudentsfromJohnsonCountryCommunityCollege(JCCC)traveledtoLasPintas,Mexico,tohelpbuildaclinicinthepoorcommunity.Thisworkwasthe1ofJCCC’sstudentsto2theirclassroomknowledgetohelpthedevelopingworld.Ithas3me.In2007,upongraduatingfromhighschool,Iwas4whatcareerIwantedtogoinfor.Ibeganmy5atJohnsonCountyCommunityCollegeandattendedgeneraleducationclasses.Inmysecondterm,Iwas6tobeamemberoftheJCCCInternationalServicethattraveledtoLasPintasto7healthcare.InLasPintaswetaughtthelocalpeoplehowto8commonhealthproblemsandsocialissuesthatmanyoftheirneighborswereexperiencing.9,wegotthechancetolearntheirSpanish10andtheirdailylife.ThismodelofservicebetweenJCCCandLasPintasisarichcross-cultural11thatnotonlyhelpedtheLasPintaspeoplebutalsobroadenedourviewgreatly.I12tousemyexperienceinLasPintasinmydailylife.InowworkasanurseatahospitalwithalargeSpanish13.ItrulyenjoycaringforSpanishpatients14theyremindmeofmytimeinLasPintas.Asaresultofmy15withtheJCCCservicelearningprogramoverthepastyears,Iamableto16withpatientsfromdifferentcultures.Ilove17myowncommunityandhavecontinuedmyinvolvementwiththeJCCCprogram.Gandhiwrotethat“Thebestwaytofindyourselfisto18yourselfintheserviceofothers”.InLasPintas,I19myselfacareerthatwillbewithmethroughoutmy20.1、A．successB．beginningC．benefitD．expectation2、A．expandB．evaluateC．explainD．employ3、A．releasedB．trappedC．changedD．disturbed4、A．amazedB．afraidC．unhappyD．uncertain5、A．educationB．searchC．experimentD．business6、A．relievedB．ashamedC．honoredD．surprised7、A．receiveB．checkC．orderD．offer8、A．thinkaboutB．dealwithC．findoutD．getthrough9、A．InpublicB．InreturnC．InadvanceD．Ingeneral10、A．cultureB．coursesC．hobbiesD．service11、A．resultB．challengeC．reasonD．experience12、A．continueB．longC．rememberD．stop13、A．languageB．powerC．populationD．support14、A．ifB．asC．untilD．though15、A．relationshipB．workC．visitD．agreement16、A．compareB．correspondC．communicateD．compete17、A．servingB．introducingC．consideringD．conducting18、A．loseB．correctC．rewardD．research19、A．taughtB．owedC．showedD．promised20、A．attemptB．celebrationC．lifetimeD．effort第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）Afterfouryearsoflivinghere,Ihaveabetter1．(understand)ofnorthernChina’sfood.NorthernChina’shearty(丰富)foodis2．(general)moreacceptabletoWesterners.TheycanenjoyBeijingroastduck,beefanddairyfromInnerMongolia,andKoreandishesinthenortheast.NorthernChinaexperiencescoldanddrywinters,andhotsummers,3．(make)caloriesandsaltreplacementmoreimportant.Asaresult,northerndisheshavestrongflavors,comparedwiththesouth4．dishesarelightinflavor.WheatisthemaincropofnorthernChina,andyouwillfindavarietyofwheat-flour5．(product).Riceisalsoeateninthenorth,butitiscertainlysecondarytowheat.Dumplingsareverypopularinthenorth6．(serve)withvinegarfordipping.Northernerstendtoeatmoremeatanddairyforthepurpose7．fightingagainstthecoldweather.Mostmeatdishes8．(base)onmutton,pork,beef,chickenandfish.Therearelessfreshvegetablesavailablebecauseofthecoldweather.Fruitistraditionallylimitedtoafewhardseasonalvarietieslikeapples,soitdoesn’tfeaturemuchin9．cuisine（美食）,althoughthenorthwestisfamousfor10．(it)driedfruitandwine.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文，文中共有10

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不计分。Yesterdayafternoon.Ifeltillnessallofasudden.IwasabouttogetupfromthesofawhileIfeltdizzyasifeverythingwerespinnin