辽宁省朝阳市凌源市2022-2023学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试题（解析版）

第19页/共19页2022~2023学年凌源市高二年级第一次月考英语第一部分听力第一节1.Wheredidthemanleavehisbicycle?A.Byatree.B.Byastreetlight.C.Inthemiddleoftheroad.2.Whatdoesthewomanintendtodo?A.Playbasketball.B.Goswimming.C.Playtennis.3.Wheremaytheconversationtakeplace?A.Intherestaurant.B.Intheoffice.C.Atthewoman'shome.4.Whatdoesthemanprobablyadvisethewomantodo?A.Giveupthemathclass.B.Changethewaitinglist.C.Keepontrying.5.Inwhichcountrydidthemanbeginhiscycletrip?A.Spain.B.France.C.Switzerland.第二节听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatisthewoman'soriginaldream?A.Anurse.B.Achemist.C.Atraindriver.7.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherpresentwork?A.Rewarding.B.Well-paid.C.Dangerous.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdidthewomandoduringthetrip?A.Swaminthelake.B.Wentonahike.C.Studiedinarestaurant.9.Whatdidthemanhelpthewomando?A.Buysomenewspapers.B.Pickupherchildren.C.Waterherplants.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.What'stheadvantageofelectriccarsoverthepetrolones?A.Cheaper.B.Cleaner.C.Faster.11.Whyisthemanworriedaboutthewideuseofelectriccars?A.Itmaycausemoretrafficjams.B.Itmayaffectthesalesofpetrolcars.C.Itmaybehardtofindparkingplaces.12.WhatistheprobleminMelbourneaccordingtothetext?A.Lackoffreepublictransport.B.Toomanypetrolcars.C.Badpublictransport.听第9段材料.回答第13至16题。13.Whodoesthewomanwantasameplanwith?A.Theman.B.Hersister.C.Herfriend.14.Whatservicedoesthewomanwantmost?A.Voicemailboxservice.B.Freelongdistancecallservice.C.Playingasmanysongsaspossible.15.HowmuchistheserviceofPlanC?A.$5permonth.B.$10permonth.C.$15permonth.16.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Sisterandbrother.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Customerandsalesman.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.HowtoimproveEnglish.B.WhypeoplelearnEnglish.C.Whattochooseforlearners.18.Howmanyaspectsdoesmostlanguagesstudyinclude?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.19.Howdoesthespeakerfindreadingnewspapers?A.Interesting.B.Boring.C.Useless.20.What'sthebenefitofwatchingnewsinEnglish?A.Itishelpfulfortheuseofbodylanguage.B.Itcanhelptocorrectourpronunciation.C.Itisgoodforbroadeningourhorizons.第二部分阅读理解AEveryfouryears,theWinterOlympicssurpriseuswithmanynewincredibleathletes.Here'salookatthebiggeststarsfromtheBeijingGames.EileenGu,China,freestyleskiingGu,18,wasundoubtedlyoneofthebiggeststarsthroughouttheOlympics.Oneofjusttwoathletestocompeteinallthreefreestyleskiingevents,Gubroughthomeagoldinbigairandhalfpipeandasilverinslopestyle.ThatmadeherthefirstfreeskiathletetowinthreemedalsinasingleGames.Shealsobecametheyoungestgoldmedalistinfreestyleskiingandwasthefirstwomantolandaleft-turn1620.NilsvanderPoel,Sweden,speedskatingThe25-year-oldSwedesettwoOlympicrecordsandoneworldrecord.VanderPoelwonthemen's5,000mand10,000mspeedskatingevents,andthensubsequently(随后)publisheda62guideonhowtowintheevents.VanderPoelnearlyquitspeedskatingafteradisappointing2018Olympics.HejoinedtheSwedisharmyforabasicrangercoursebeforereturningtotheicein2019.Now,he'satwo-timeOlympicgoldmedalist.ChloeKim,USA,snowboardingThe21-year-oldCalifornianwonhersecondstraightOlympicgoldinthewomen'shalfpipe,becomingthefirstwomantowintheeventinback-to-backGames."Iworkedsohardforfouryearstogetbackhereanddothisagain,"Kimsaidaftertheevent.TheAmericanstarisnowatwo-timegoldmedalist,andatherage,shecouldcontinueforyearstocomeifshewantsto.NathanChen,USA,figureskatingChenhelpedtheUSwinbronzeintheteameventin2018beforeaneventbetterruninBeijing.TeamUSAclaimedsilverintheteamevent,andthe22-yearoldChenwongoldinthemen'ssinglescompetition.ThatgoldmedalcameafterwinningsinglesgoldinthreestraightWorldChampionships(2018,2019,2021).1.Whoistheyoungestgoldmedalistinfreestyleskiing?A.ChloeKim. B.NilsvanderPoel. C.EileenGu. D.NathanChen.2.WhatdoweknowaboutNilsvanderPoel?A.HeisanAmerican. B.Hesharedhiswaystowininsports.C.Heneverlefticesports. D.Hedidwellin2018Olympics.3.WhendidChloeKimwinthefirstOlympicgold?A.Attheageof17. B.Attheageof20.C.Attheageof21. D.Attheageof25.BInFebruary,Dr.RobertLefkowitzpublishedamemoir(回忆录)calledAFunnyThingHappenedontheWaytoStockholm:TheAdrenaline-FueledAdventuresofanAccidentalScientist.Asaphysicianandbiochemist,LefkowitzisaprofessorofbiochemistryandchemistryattheDukeUniversityMedicalCenterinDurham,NorthCarolina.Inarecentconversationviavideo,Lefkowitzsaidthathewantedhismemoirtobe"funny,interesting,andeasytounderstand".Inthebook,LefkowitzhumorouslydescribeshisJourneyfromacardiologist(oraheartdoctor)toabiochemist.Lefkowitz'sdreamofbecomingadoctorbeganwhenhewaseightyearsoldandgrowingupintheBronxofNewYorkCity.Afterhisfatherdiedofaheartattack,Lefkowitzmadeuphismindtobeacardiologist.HeearnedhismedicaldegreeatColumbiaUniversity.Lefkowitzisnostrangertoconductingexperimentsandmakingdiscoveries.Hewasawardedthe2012NobelPrizeforChemistrywithBrianKobilka.Thetwoscientistswerehonoredfortheirdiscoveriesthatcouldhelpunlockthesecretsofmanydiseases.Whenaskedwhatplayedthemostimportantroleinhissuccess,Lefkowitzmentionedabouthimselfandhedescribedhimselfas"reasonablyintelligentandcreative,hardworking,andnoteasilydisturbed".Headdedthatbeingfunnycouldalsobeverygoodforyouandthepeoplearoundyou.BeforewinningtheNobelPrize,Lefkowitzdidcountlessexperiments,andonly1outof50turnedoutOK."WithdifficultdecisionsI'vehadtomake,Itendtomakethemwithmyheartratherthanmyhead."Lefkowitzsaid."However,Idon'tmeanthatdecidingwithyourheartisalwaysright."Atage78,thescientisthasnoplansforslowingdown."Mybodyandmindarestillworking,"hesaid."IwanttocontinuerunningmylabatDukeUniversityandwritingandpublishingresearchpapers."4.WhatdirectlymotivatedLefkowitztobeadoctor?A.Hisconversationwithacardiologist. B.Hisfather'sdeathfromaheartattack.C.Hisenthusiasmforadoctor'smemoir. D.Hispoorphysicalhealthinchildhood.5.WhatisthekeytoLefkowitz'ssuccessinhisownopinion?A.Hisgoodteamwork. B.Hisfamily'ssupport.C.Hispositivequalities. D.Hisinterestinresearch.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutLefkowitzconcerninghisexperiments?A.Hesufferedfromalotoffailure. B.Healwayssucceededasplanned.C.Heconsideredthemlesschallenging. D.Hecouldn'tdothemonhisown.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeLefkowitzaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Practicemakesperfect. B.Badluckbringsgoodluck.C.Youarenevertoooldtowork. D.Experienceisthebestteacher.CAteamfromtheUniversityofTokyojustpublishedanewstudythatsaysthatwritingonpaperisactuallythebestforyourmind."Paperismoreadvancedandusefulcomparedtoelectronicrecordsbecausepapercontainsmoreone-of-a-kindinformationforstrongermemoryrecall,"saidProfessorKuniyoshiL.Sakai,aneuroscientistattheUniversityofTokyoandauthorinthestudy.Mostpeoplelikesmartphonesortabletsbecausetheyseemtomakeeverydaytaskseasier,butaftergathering48volunteersbetweentheagesof18and29forthestudy,theresearchersfoundthatthosewhowroteonpapertofinishnote-takingtaskscompletedthese25percentfasterthanpeoplewhousedsmartphonesortablets.Whatisthereason?Theteamsaidthatusingpapergavethevolunteersmoreofachancetowriteintheirownform,whiledigitaldevices(数字设备)aremoreconsistent(始终如一的).Theresearchersdividedthevolunteers,includingcollegestudentsandofficestaff,intothreegroupsdependingontheirmemory,preferencesforusingpaperordigitaltools,sexandage.Theneachvolunteerreadaconversationthathighlightedcharactersexplainingtheirplans,whichmentionedwhattheywantedtodointwomonths,their14differentclasstimes,thedeadlinesforthecharacters'homework,andanyotherthings.Afterusingtheirpaperoradevicetotakenotesaboutthisconversation,thevolunteersweregivenanhourbreakandatasktokeepthemfromthinkingdirectlyaboutthestudy.Theywerethenaskedanumberofquestionslike"Whatarethedeadlinesforthecharacters'homework?"Thosewhousedpaperfornotetakingtookonly11minutestojotdowntheirthoughtsduringthestudy,whilepeoplewhousedtabletstook14minutes;smartphoneusersspentthemosttimeonthetask,taking16minutestowritedowntheirthoughts.Asfortheaccuracyoftheanswers,thosewritingonpaperseemedtostandout.Thissuggestedthatwritingonpaperbenefitedtheirmemory.8.Whydidthevolunteerswritingonpaperfinishnote-takingtasksfaster?A.Theirtaskswerelessdifficult.B.Theytooknoteswithoutanystops.C.Theirwritingstyleswereconsistent.D.Theycouldwriteintheiruniqueways.9.Whatwerethevolunteersrequiredtodointhestudy?A.Makeupsomeconversations.B.Raisequestionsforeachother.C.Takenotesaboutaconversation.D.Discussnoteswithgroupmembers.10.Whywerethevolunteersaskedtoanswerquestionsafterabreak?A.Totesttheirmemory. B.Toensuretheaccuracy.C.Tokeepthemenergetic. D.Toremovetheirthoughts.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"jotdown"inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Leaveout. B.Writedown. C.Breakdown. D.Concentrateon.DHumansarenottheonlyonesadaptingto(适应)theeffectsofglobalclimatechange.Animalsarealsoadaptingtotheenvironmentalchanges—somewarm-bloodedanimalsarebeginningto"shapeshift(变身)"inresponsetoshiftsinclimate,accordingtoarecentstudycarriedoutbyateamofresearchers.TheleaderoftheteamisSaraRyding,aresearcheratDeakinUniversityinAustralia.Inthestudy,researchershavefoundnewevidencethatsupportsthetheorythatsomewarm-bloodedanimalsareexperiencingchangestotheirbodiesduetotherisingtemperatures,resultinginlargerlegs,earsandbeaks(喙)insomecases.Theresearchershavenotedthatwarm-bloodedanimalslivingincolderclimateshavesmallerlegs,earsandbeaksthananimalsofthesamespecieslivinginwarmerclimates."Whenclimatechangeisdiscussedinmainstreammedia,peopleareasking'Canhumansovercomethis?'or'Whattechnologycansolvethis?'"Rydingsays.Shesaysthatjustlikehumans,animalsalsohavetoadapttoclimatechange,asshapeshiftingforsomeofthewarm-bloodedanimalsisoccurringoverafarshortertimeperiod."Theclimatechangethatwehavecreatedisputtingmuchpressureonthem,andwhilesomespecieswilladapt,otherswillnot,"Rydingsays.ResearchershavefoundbodychangeinbirdsinAustraliaandNorthAmerica.CertainspeciesofAustralianparrotshaveshownabout4%~10%increaseinthesizeoftheirbeakssince1871,thereasonforwhichisrisingtemperatures.InNorthAmerica,thedark-eyedjunco(灯芯草雀)alsohasseenanincreaseinbeaksize."Largerbeakshelpbirdsdissipate(驱散)extrabodyheatmoreeffectively,whichisusefulasglobaltemperaturesrise.However,shapeshiftingdoesnotmeanthatanimalsareabletodealwithclimatechangeeasilyandthatallis'fine',"Rydingsays."Itjustmeansthattheyarestrugglingtoadjustthemselvestosurvivingit."12.Whathappenstosomewarm-bloodedanimalsinwarmerclimates?A.Somepartsoftheirbodiesaremissing.B.Theirbodiesbecomecolderandcolder.C.Theirbodieschangeintosmallerones.D.Someoftheirbodypartsbecomelarger.13.Whyaretwotypesofanimalsmentionedinparagraph6?A.Towarnaboutthedecreaseofanimalspecies.B.Tospeakhighlyofanimals'abilitytosurvive.C.Toexplainwhyanimalschangethebodyshape.D.Toshowtheevidenceofanimals'shapeshifting.14.WhatdoSaraRyding'swordsinthelastparagraphsuggest?A.Climatechangedoeslittleharmtobirdspecies.B.Climatechangeisstillabigchallengeforbirds.C.Birdscaneasilydealwithglobalclimatechange.D.Birdsfailtoadjustthemselvestoclimatechange.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AllAnimalsHavetoAdapttoGlobalClimateChangeB.RisingTemperaturesAreDestroyingAnimals'BodiesC.ClimateChangeIsMakingSomeAnimalsShapeshiftD.Warm-bloodedAnimalsInformUsofGlobalWarming第三部分七选五Ifyoupostavideoonlineaboutyourperfecthomedecoration,andyourvideospreadsquickly,youcanexpecttogetcommentsfrompeoplewho'llfindsomethingtotalkabout.Buttheymayarguethatyourhomeissoperfectthatyoumusthavenotimetospendwithyourchildren,whichmaygetyoudown._16_Thatistosay,you'llwanttoknowwhenyou'lladdressnegativecommentsandhowyou'lladdressthemwhenyouchoosetodoso.Ifsomeoneleavesanegativecommentonyoursocialmediaaccountandyouchoosetoignoreordeletethiscanmakeitlookasthoughyouhavesomethingtohide.Ifyouhavenothingtohide,it'sfinetochoosethisaction.However,ifthere'shintof(一点点)truthinthecomment,itmaybeseemedthatyouchoosetoavoidaproblem._17_Moreover,ifsomeonehassaidsomethingunfairaboutyou,it'sreasonabletomakeresponses._18_It'sbesttorespondinapositiveandpolitemanner.Don'tgetdefensive,don'tbeangry,andstaycalm.Otherwise,you'llcomeacrossashavinglostyourcoolandappearlessreliable.What'smore,youcanaskthecommentertocontactyouprivately._19_Instead,leaveacommentforthemaskingthemtocontactyoutodiscussinprivate.Thisshowseveryonethatyou'rewillingtoaddresstheissue,withoutneedingtomakeitapublicdiscussionforeveryonetosee.Finally,youmayusehumorinyourreplyifyouthinkthesituationcallsforit.Itcanshowyouaren'ttakingthesituationtooseriously._20_A.However,don'tsimplysendthemdirectmessages.B.Soatthistime,itmightbebesttoengageinareply.C.Thenhowshouldwerespondtonegativecomments?D.Sowhenshouldyouactuallyignorenegativecomments?E.Andbeingfunnyhasthesameeffectasbeingpoliteorpositive.F.Thatbeingsaid,youprobablywanttoknowhowtodealwiththem.G.Eachcommentneedstobeconsideredonacomment-by-commentbasis.第四部分完形填空Itwas9:55amonSunday.WhenIwokeup,thefirstthingIsawwastheshiningmobilescreen.I_21_itandfoundthatitwasacallfrommyboss.Hescreamed,"At10:25.themeetingisgoingtostart.Ifyou_22_tobringthefilestomyofficebeforethetime,Iwouldnothesitatetofireyou."Irememberedtakinghisfilesand_23_togivethembacktohimthatday,butIforgottoremovethemfrommybag.Withmybag,I_24_tothenearbybusstopandgotintoabuswhichwasalreadypackedupwithlotsofpeople._25_,Ifoundacomfortableplace.Butthedriverannouncedthatwehadtogetdownand_26_thebus.Icheckedforotherchoicesbutnonewere_27_.SoI_28_pushingitwithothers.Afterafewseconds,theengine_29_andIjumpedinsidethebusandsaid,"Fast,Iamlate."Butthebuswasunbearably_30_.Onlysevenminutesremainedbythen.Itwasnotexpectedthatthebusbrokedown.Ididn'twaitanylongerandstartedtorunalongthefootpath.I_31_thatIwouldstillreachthereintime.Iwantedtorunfasterbutitseemedthatmy_32_didn'twant.Atlast,Iarrivedatmy_33_beforeaminuteortwo."Sir,Ibroughtthefilesintime,"Isaidwithafeelingof_34_."Thengivethembacktome,"hesaidhurriedly.Iturnedonlyto_35_thatIhadleftmybagINTHEBUS!21.A.sold B.checked C.destroyed D.hid22.A.wished B.decided C.remembered D.failed23.A.refusing B.asking C.promising D.beginning24.A.hurried B.returned C.drove D.moved25.A.Therefore B.Besides C.Again D.Somehow26.A.miss B.push C.change D.catch27.A.available B.necessary C.important D.comfortable28.A.gaveup B.cameupwith C.lookedforwardto D.endedup29.A.stopped B.started C.broke D.leaked30.A.old B.crowded C.slow D.noisy31.A.hoped B.admitted C.explained D.suggested32.A.boss B.car C.colleagues D.legs33.A.home B.school C.destination D.office34.A.disappointment B.victory C.appreciation D.regret35.A.imply B.believe C.find D.predict第五部分语法填空Movingtothecountryisn'tjustgoodforyourbankbalance.Anewstudyhasfoundcountrylifeisalsoofgreat_36_(beneficial)toyourmentalhealth.HouseagencyYopainterviewshomeownersacrosstheUKtofindoutwhethercountry_37_cityresidents(居民)liveinthebetterlocation.31percentofpeoplewholiveinthecountryconsider_38_(they)mosthappycomparedtoonly25percentofcityresidents.And18percentofpeoplewholiveinthecityadmittofeelingstressedcomparedtoaroundoneinsixcountryresidents.Cityresidentsarealso_39_(likely)tobeworriedaboutcrimeandairpollutionthancountryresidents,aswell_40_findingsafeoutsidespacefortheirchildren_41_(play).Oneofthedisadvantagesoflivinginthecountry_42_(be)poorpublictransport.Butthoselivinginthecountryspendasmallerpercentageoftheirincomeonhousing,andknowbetterthenamesoftheirneighborsthancityresidents.Themainreasonsfor_43_(hold)peoplebackareconcernsaboutthecostandtimeofcommuting(通勤)backintotown,andnotknowing_44_tomove.Tohelppeoplefindhappinessoutsideofthecitieswithouthavingtoworryabouttheirjobsandsalaries,YopacreatestheCommuterGuide,whichwillhelpfindthemostaffordableand_45_(access)places.第六部分书面表达假定你是李华，你校将举办“魅力中国（CharmingChina）”摄影展。请你给你的英国朋友David写封邮件，邀请他参展。内容包括：1.展览的时间和地点；2.作品的要求和截止日期；3.投稿方式：charmingphoto@。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第七部分读后续写WhenIwasaboy,Ihadthecraziestbusridetoschooleveryday.FirstIhadtogetupearly,wolfdownmybreakfast,andwalkacrosstheshakyandswingingwoodenbridgethatcrossedtheriverbetweenourhouseandthemainroad.ThenIstoodandwaitedforthebustoarrive.WhenitgotthereIclimbedin.Iwasalwaysoneofthefirstonesonthebus.Theneventhoughthebuswasonly4milesfromschool,Istartedaridethatwouldlastmorethan45minutes.First,thebuswentintheoppositedirectionfor6miles,parkedandwaitedforanotherbustotransferkidsontoit.Thenitstartedback,butinsteadofgoingstraighttomyschool,itstartedupalongandwindingmountainroadpausingateveryhousetopickupmorekids.Theroadswirledaroundthemountainandbackdownwiththebusgettingfuller,louder,andnoisierwitheachstop.Finally,itarrivedatthehighschooltodropofftheolderkidsbeforeheadingontomygradeschool.Buteventhenitdidn'tgostraighttherebutinsteadheadeddownanotherrockydirtroadthatwasfullofpotholestopickupevenmorechildren.Iusuallygottotheschoolstressed,tired,andjustbeforethefirstclassbellrang.Thankfully,theridehomewasdifferent.Duringitthelastkidspickedupbecamethefirstkidsdroppedoff.ButIwasdifferent.Sincemyhousewasalongtheway,Igotdroppedoffafterjust10minutesorso.IrememberIwouldliterallyrunacrossthatshakyoldbridgebecauseIwassohappytobehomeagain.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。LookingbacknowIcanseemywholelifeherehasbeenonecrazylongbusride.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Doyourbesttoenjoytheridethislifegivesyou.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________############################第一部分听力【答案】1~5ACACB6~10CABCB11~15ACCAB16~20CACBA第二部分阅读理解【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了冬奥会上闪现出的耀眼明星运动员。1.细节理解题。根据EileenGu,China,freestyleskiing部分“Shealsobecametheyoungestgoldmedalistinfreestyleskiingandwasthefirstwomantolandaleft-turn1620.”（她还成为自由式滑雪最年轻的金牌得主，并成为第一个左转弯1620度着陆的女性。）可知,自由式滑雪最年轻的金牌得主是谷爱凌。故选C项。2.细节理解题。根据NilsvanderPoel,Sweden,speedskating部分“The25-year-oldSwedesettwoOlympicrecordsandoneworldrecord.VanderPoelwonthemen's5,000mand10,000mspeedskatingevents,andthensubsequently（随后）publisheda62guideonhowtowintheevents.”（这位25岁的瑞典人创造了两项奥运会纪录和一项世界纪录。范德波尔赢得了男子5000米和10000米速滑比赛，随后出版了一本62页的如何赢得比赛的指南。）可知，NilsvanderPoel在他出版的指南中分享了如何在赛事中取胜的方法。故选B项。3.细节理解题。根据ChloeKim,USA,snowboarding部分“The21-year-oldCalifornianwonhersecondstraightOlympicgoldinthewomen’shalfpipe,becomingthefirstwomantowintheeventinback-to-backGames.”（这位21岁的加州选手在女子U型池比赛中赢得了她的第二枚奥运金牌，成为首位连续获得该项目的女子选手。）及下文“Iworkedsohardforfouryearstogetbackhereanddothisagain,”（我努力训练了四年才回到这里，并且再一次冲击金牌）可推断,ChloeKim在上一届奥运会中夺得金牌时是17岁。故选A项。【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述作为医生和生物化学家的Lefkowitz出版的关于自己职业的回忆录。4.细节理解题。根据第三段“Afterhisfatherdiedofaheartattack,Lefkowitzmadeuphismindtobeacardiologist.(在他的父亲死于心脏病发作后。Lefkowitz下定决心成为一名心脏病专家)”可知，Lefkowitz的父亲死于心脏疾病直接促使Lefkowitz成为一名医生。故选B项。5.推理判断题。根据第五段“Whenaskedwhatplayedthemostimportantroleinhissuccess,Lefkowitzmentionedabouthimselfandhedescribedhimselfas“reasonablyintelligentandcreative,hardworking,andnoteasilydisturbed”.(当被问及在他的成功中什么发挥了最重要的作用时，Lefkowitz提到了自己，他形容自己“相当聪明，有创造力，勤奋，不容易被打扰”)”可知，在Lefkowitz看来，能够成功的关键是自己聪明，有创造力，勤奋，不容易被打扰，这些都是积极的品质。故选C项。6.推理判断题。根据第六段“BeforewinningtheNobelPrize,Lefkowitzdidcountlessexperiments,andonly1outof50turnedoutOK.(在获得诺贝尔奖之前，Lefkowitz做了无数次实验，50个实验中只有1个结果还行)”可知，Lefkowitz在实验中遭到许多失败。故选A项。7.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Atage78,thescientisthasnoplansforslowingdown.“Mybodyandmindarestillworking,”hesaid.“IwanttocontinuerunningmylabatDukeUniversityandwritingandpublishingresearchpapers.”(在78岁时，这位科学家没有放慢脚步的计划。他说：“我的身体和思想仍在工作，我想继续在杜克大学经营我的实验室，撰写和发表研究论文。”)”可知，Lefkowitz即使年纪很大了，依旧不停止工作。故选C项。【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了东京大学一个研究小组发布了一项新研究，他们通过实验证明：比起使用数字设备，在纸上写作实际上对大脑最有益。8.细节理解题。根据第二段中“Theteamsaidthatusingpapergavethevolunteersmoreofachancetowriteintheirownform,whiledigitaldevicesaremoreconsistent”（研究小组表示，使用纸张让志愿者有更多的机会以自己的形式书写，而数字设备的书写形式则始终如一。）可知，志愿者们在纸上写的更快是因为他们可以用自己的方式。所以“Theycouldwriteintheiruniqueways.”（他们可以用自己独特的方式写作。）符合题意。故选D项。9.细节理解题。根据第三段中“Afterusingtheirpaperoradevicetotakenotesaboutthisconversation,thevolunteersweregivenanhourbreakandatasktokeepthemfromthinkingdirectlyaboutthestudy.”（在用他们的纸或设备记录下这段对话后，志愿者们被要求休息一小时，以防止他们直接想到这项研究。）可知，志愿者们被要求记录下一段对话。所以“Takenotesaboutaconversation.”（对谈话做记录。）符合题意。故选C项。10.细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thosewhousedpaperfornotetakingtookonly11minutestojotdowntheirthoughtsduringthestudy,whilepeoplewhousedtabletstook14minutes;smartphoneusersspentthemosttimeonthetask,taking16minutestowritedowntheirthoughts.Asfortheaccuracyoftheanswers,thosewritingonpaperseemedtostandout.Thissuggestedthatwritingonpaperbenefitedtheirmemory.”（在研究过程中，用纸做笔记的人只花了11分钟记下自己的想法，而用平板电脑的人花了14分钟；智能手机用户花在这项任务上的时间最多，他们花16分钟写下自己的想法。至于答案的准确性，那些写在纸上的答案似乎很突出。这表明在纸上写字有助于他们的记忆力。）可知，在纸上写下后，记忆是最深刻的；因此志愿者们被要求休息一个小时之后，才开始回答问题的目的就是为了检测他们的记忆力。所以“Totesttheirmemory.”（为了测试他们的记忆力。）符合题意。故选A项。11.词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“smartphoneusersspentthemosttimeonthetask,taking16minutestowritedowntheirthoughts.”（智能手机用户花在这项任务上的时间最多，他们花16分钟写下自己的想法。）可知，句中的writedown就等同于划线短语jotdown，意为“写下”。故选B项。【答案】12.D13.D14.B15.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，一些温血动物开始因气候变化而“变身”，身体的一些部位变大了。12.细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“Inthestudy,researchershavefoundnewevidencethatsupportsthetheorythatsomewarm-bloodedanimalsareexperiencingchangestotheirbodiesduetotherisingtemperatures,resultinginlargerlegs,earsandbeaks(喙)insomecases.”（在这项研究中，研究人员发现了新的证据，支持这样一种理论，即一些温血动物由于温度升高正在经历身体的变化，在某些情况下导致腿、耳朵和喙变大。）可知，温度升高导致温血动物腿、耳朵和喙变大，由此可知，在温暖的气候中，一些温血动物的身体的一些部位变大了。故选D项。13.推理判断题。根据第六段内容“ResearchershavefoundbodychangeinbirdsinAustraliaandNorthAmerica.CertainspeciesofAustralianparrotshaveshownabout4%~10%increaseinthesizeoftheirbeakssince1871,thereasonforwhichisrisingtemperatures.InNorthAmerica,thedark-eyedjunco(灯芯草雀)alsohasseenanincreaseinbeaksize.”（研究人员在澳大利亚和北美发现了鸟类的身体变化。自1871年以来，某些种类的澳大利亚鹦鹉的喙的大小增加了约4%~10%，原因是温度升高。在北美，灯芯草雀的喙也变大了。）可知，作者在第六段中列举澳大利亚鹦鹉和北美灯芯草雀的喙变大了的例子，而这一变化的原因正是温度升高导致的动物变身，由此可知，第6段提到了两种动物是为了展示动物变身的证据。故选D项。14.推理判断题。根据最后一段内容““Largerbeakshelpbirdsdissipate(驱散)extrabodyheatmoreeffectively,whichisusefulasglobaltemperaturesrise.However,shapeshiftingdoesnotmeanthatanimalsareabletodealwithclimatechangeeasilyandthatallis‘fine’,”Rydingsays.“Itjustmeansthattheyarestrugglingtoadjustthemselvestosurvivingit.””（Ryding说：“较大的喙有助于鸟类更有效地驱散多余的体温，这在全球气温上升时很有用。然而