六级听力跟读营讲义

1606-6

WhatpositiondoesthewomanholdinthePublicrelationsWhatdoesthewomanspecializeinattheA)tativeadvertisingWhatdoesthewomansayaboutTheyareintensivestudiesofpeople’sspendingTheyexaminerelationsbetweenproducersandTheylookfornewandeffectivewaystopromoteTheystudytrendsorcustomersatisfactionoveralongWhatdoesthewomandislikeaboutherThelackofpromotionCheckingchartsandDesigningThepersistentM:So,howlonghaveyoubeenamarketresearchW:Well,Istartedstraightafterfinishinguniversity.M:Didyoustudymarketresearch?W:Yeah,anditreallyhelpedmetogetintotheindustry,butIhavetosaythatit’smoreimportanttogetexperienceindifferenttypesofmarketresearchtofindoutexactlywhatyou’reinterestedin.M:SowhatareyouinterestedW:Well,atthemoment,Ispecializein tativeadvertisingresearch（量化）,whieansthatIdotwotypesofprojects.Trackers,whichareongoingprojectsthatlookattrendsorcustomersatisfactionoveralongperiodoftime.Theonlyproblemwithtrackersisthatittakesupalotofyourtime.Butyoudobuildupagoodrelationshipwiththeclient.Ialsodoacoupleofadhocjobs（专项项目）whicharemuchshorterM:WhatexactlydoyoumeanbyadhocW:It’sbasicallywhencompaniesneedquickanswerstotheirquestionsabouttheirconsumers’habits.Theyjustaskforonequestionnairetobesentoutforexample,sothetimeyouspendonanadhocprojecttendstobefairlyshort.M:Whichdoyouprefer,trackersoradW:IlikengbothandinfactIneedtodobothatthesametimetokeepmefromgoingcrazy.Ineedthevariety.M:CanyoujustexplainwhatprocessyougothroughwithanewW:Well,togetherwedecideonthemethodologyandtheobjectivesoftheresearch.Ithendesignaquestionnaire.Oncetheinterviewershavebeenbriefed,Isendtheclientascheduleandthentheygetbacktomewithdeadlines.Oncethefinalchartsandtablesareready,Ihavetocheckthemandanizeapresentation.M:Hmm,onelastquestion,whatdoyoulikeanddislikeaboutyourW:AsIsaid,varietyisimportantandasforwhatIdon’tlike,ithastobethecheckingofchartsandtables.WhatdoesthewomanwantFredericktotalkHisviewonCanadianHisunderstandingofhigherHissuggestionsforimprovementsinhigherHiscomplaintaboutbureaucracyinAmericanWhatdoesthemansayaboutthecurriculuminCanadianItiswellItisratherItvariesamongIthasundergonegreatOnwhatpointdothespeakersTheUnitedStatesandCanadacanlearnfromeachPublicuniversitiesareoftensuperiortoprivateEveryoneshouldbegivenequalaccesstohigherPrivateschoolsworkmoreefficientlythanpublicWhatpointdoesthemanmake oftheUniversitysystemsvaryfromcountrytoEfficiencyisessentialtouniversityItishardtosaywhichisbetter,apublicuniversityoraprivateManyprivateuniversityintheU.S.areactuallylargeW:o,I’mherewithFrederick.NowFred,youwenttouniversityinW:OK,andyouhaveverystrongviewsaboutuniversitiesinCanada.CouldyoupleaseM:Well,wedon’thaveprivateuniversitiesinCanada.They’reallpublic.Alltheuniversitiesareownedbytheernment,sothereistheMinistryofEducationinchargeofcreatingthecurriculumfortheuniversitiesandsothereisnotmuchroomforflexibility.Sinceit’saernment-operatedinstitution,thingsdon’tmoveveryfast.Ifyouwantsomethingtobedone,thentheirstaffdonothavesomuchincentivetohelpyoubecausehe’saworkerfortheernment.SoIdon’tthinkit’sveryefficient.However,therearecertainadvantagesofpublicuniversities,suchasthefeesbeingfree.Youdon’thavetopayforyoureducation.Butsystemisn’tefficient,anditdoesnotworkthatW:Yeah,Icanseeyourpoint,butintheUnitedStateswehavemanyprivateuniversities,andIthinktheyarelargebureaucraciesalso.Maybepeopledon’tactthatmuchdifferently,becauseit’sthesamethingworkingforaprivateuniversity.Theygetpaidfortheirjob.Idon’tknowifthey’rethatmuoremotivatedtohelppeople.Also,wehaveaproblemintheUnitedStatesthatusuallyonlywealthykidsgotothebestschoolsandit’skindofaproblemM:Iagreewithyou.Ithinkit’saproblembecauseyou’renotgivingequalaccesstoeducationtoeverybody.It’snoteasy,buthavingonlypublicuniversitiesalsomightnotbethebestsolution.PerhapswecanlearnfromJapanwheretheyhaveasystemofprivateandpublicuniversities.Now,inJapan,publicuniversitiesareconsideredtobethebest.W:Right.It’stheexactoppositeintheUnitedM:So,asyousee,it’sveryhardtosaywhichoneisbetter.W:Right,agoodpoint.WhatistheInternationalLabouranizationreportmainlyTheworseningrealwagesituationaroundtheIndicationsofeconomicrecoveryintheUnitedTheimpactofthecurrenteconomiccrisisonpeople’sAccordingtoanInternationalLabouranizationspecialist,howwillemployersfeeliftherearemorepeoplelookingforjobs?Theywillfeellesspressuretoraiseemployees’TheywillfeelfreetochoosethemostsuitableTheywillfeelinclinedtoexpandtheirbusinessTheywillfeelmoreconfidentincompetingwiththeirWhatdoesthespeakermeanbythework-sharingEmployeesandcompaniescooperatetopullthroughtheeconomicernmentandcompaniesjoinhandstocreatejobsfortheEmployeesworkshorterhourstoavoidTeamworkwillbeencouragedintheworldcallsintoquestion()thetrueextentofaneconomicrecovery,especiallyifernmentrescuepackages(方案)arephasedout(逐步撤出)tooearly.Thereportwarnsthepictureonwagesislikelytogetworsethisyear,despiteindicationsofaneconomicrebound.PatrickBelser,anInternationalLabouranizationspecialist,saysdecliningwageratesarelinkedtothelevelsofunemployment.“Thequitedramaticunemploymentfigures,whichwenowseeinsomeofthecountries,stronglysuggestthattherewillbegreaterpressureonwagesinthefutureasmorepeoplewillbeunemployed,morepeoplewillbelookingforjobsandthepressureonemployerstoraisewagestoattractworkerswilldecline.So,weexpectthatthesecondpartoftheyearwillnotbeverygoodintermsofwagegrowth.”Thereportfindsmorethanaquarterofthecountriesexperiencedflatorfallingmonthlywagesinrealterms(实际上).Theyinclude,theUnitedStates,Austria,CostaRica,SouthAfricaandInternationalLabouranizationeconomistssaysomenationshavecomeupwithstolessentheimpactoflowerwagesduringtheeconomiccrisis.Anexampleoftheseisworksharingwithernmentsubsidies.Underthisscheme根据这一计划),thenumberofindividualworkinghoursisreducedinanefforttoavoidlayoffs.Forthisschemetowork,theernmentmustprovidewagesubsidiestocompensateforlostpayduetotheshorterWhatquestionisfrequentlyputtotheWhetheramagicmemorypromisesWhatdoesthespeakersayaboutmostmemoryTheyhelptheelderlymorethantheTheyarebeneficialinonewayorTheygenerallydonothavesideTheyarenotbasedonrealWhatdowelearnaboutmemorysupplementsineasternTheyareavailableatmostcountryTheyaretakeninrelativelyhighTheyare rownbyTheyareprescribedbytrainedWhatdoesthespeakersayaboutmemorysupplementsatTheyhaveoftenprovedtobeashelpful ngmentalTheireffectlastsonlyashortManyhavebenefitedfromIstherereallyamagicmemorypilloraherbalrecallremedy?Ihavebeenfrequentlyaskedifthesememorysupplementswork.Youknow,oneofthe thingsIliketo lpeoplewhentheyaskmeaboutthesesupplementsisthatalotofthemarepromotedasacureforyourmemory.Butyourmemorydoesn’tneedacure.Whatyourmemoryneedsisagoodworkout.Soreallythosesupplementsaren’tgoingtogiveyouthatperfectmemoryinthewaythattheypromise.Theotherthingisthatalotofthesesupplementsaren’tnecessarilywhattheyclaimtobe,andyoureallyhavetobewarywhenyoutakeanyofthem.Thescienceisn’ttherebehindmostofthem.They’renotreallywell-regulatedunlesstheyadheretosomeindustrystandard(遵守标准).Youdon’treallyknowthatwhattheysayisinthereisinthere.Whatyoumustunderstandisthatthosesupplements,especiallyinsomeeasterncultures,arepartofamedicalpracticetradition.Peopledon’tjustgoinalocalgrocerystoreandbuythesesupplements.Infact,theyareprescribedandthey’regivenatacertainlevel,adosagethatisunderstoodbyapractitioner(从业者)who’sbeentrained.Andthat’snotreallythewaythey’reusedinthiscountry.Theotherthingpeopledofetisthatthesearemedicines,sotheydohaveanimpact.Alotoftimespeoplearenotreallyawareoftheimpacttheyhave,orthefactthattakingthemincombinationwithothermedicationsmightputyouatanincreasedriskforsomethingthatyouwouldn’totherwisebeencounteringorbeatriskfor.WhatisthetalkmainlyHowcatastrophicnaturaldisastersturnouttobeto HowpowerlesshumansappeartobeinfaceofnaturalHowthenegativeimpactsofnaturaldisasterscanbeHowcanwestopextremeeventsfromturningintoBytrainingrescueteamsforBytakingstepstopreparepeopleforBychangingpeople’sviewsofByrelocatingpeopletosaferWhatdoestheexampleofCubaservetoHowpreventiveactioncanreducethelossofHowcourageousCubansareinfaceofHowCubanssufferfromtropicalHowdestructivetropicalstormscanThenegativeimpactsofnaturaldisasterscanbeseeneverywhere.Injustthepastfewweeks,theworldhaswitnessedthedestructivepowerofearthquakesinIndonesia,typhoonsinthePhilippines,andthedestructiveseawavesthatstruckSamoaandneighboringislands(附近岛屿).AstudybytheCenterforResearchontheEpidemiology(流行病学)ofDisastersfindsthat,between1980and2007,nearly8,400naturaldisasterskilledmorethantwomillionpeople.Thesecatastrophiceventscausedmorethan$1.5trillionineconomiclosses.U.N.weatherexpertGeoffreyLovesaysthatisthebadnews.“Overthelast50years,economiclosseshaveincreasedbyafactorof50.Thatsoundsprettyterrible,butthelossoflifehasdecreasedbyafactorof10simplybecausewearegettingbetteratwarningpeople.Wearemakingadifference.Extremeevents,however,willcontinuetooccur.But,themessageisthattheyneednotbedisasters.”Love,whoisdirectorofWeatherandDisasterRiskReductionattheWorldMeteorological(气象学)anization,saysmostofthedeathsandeconomiclosseswerecausedbyweather,climate,orwater-relatedextremes.Theseincludedroughts,floods,windstorms,strongtropicalwindsandHesaysextremeeventswillcontinue.But,hesaysextremeevents edisastersonlywhenpeoplefailtoprepareforthem.“Manyoftheremediesarewell-known.Fromaplanning(从计划的角度来来看),it’sprettysimple.Buildbetterbuildings.Don’tbuildwherethehazardswilldestroythem.Fromanearly-warning,makesurethewarningsgorightdowntothecommunitylevel(社区级).Buildcommunityactionplans(社区行动计划).”TheWorldMeteorologicalanizationpointstoCubaandBangladesh(孟加拉国)asexamplesofcountriesthathavesuccessfullyreducedthelossoflifecausedbynaturaldisastersbytakingpreventiveaction.Itsaystropicalstormsformerlyclaimeddozens,ifnothundredsoflives,eachyear,inCuba.But,thedevelopmentofanearly-warningsystemhasreversedthattrend(扭转了这一趋势).In2008,Cubawashitbyfivesuccessivehurricanes,butonlysevenpeoplewerekilled.Bangladeshalsohasachievedsubstantialresults(取得实效).Majorstorm(大风暴)surgesin1970and1991causedthedeathsofabout440,000people.Throughcarefulpreparation(通过精心准备),thedeathtollfromasupertropicalstorminNovember2007waslessthan3,500.What ObamahopethebankswillPaybacktheirloanstotheAmericanProvideloanstothoseinseverefinancialContributemoretothegoalofawiderSpeeduptheirrecoveryfromthehousingWhatisMartinNeilBaily’spredictionaboutthefinancialsituationintheSomebanksmayhavetomergewithManysmallerregionalbanksaregoingtoItwillbehardforbankstoprovidemoreManybankswillhavetolayoffsomeWhatdoesU.S.BancorpchiefRichardDavissayaboutitsfutureItwillworkcloselywiththeItwillendeavortowriteoffbadItwilltrytolowertheinterestItwilltrytoprovidemoreWhatdoesMartinNeilBailythinkofasecondstimulustotheItwon’thelptheAmericaneconomytoturnItwon’tdoanygoodtothemajorcommercialItwillwintheapprovaloftheObamaItwillbenecessaryiftheeconomystartstoshrinkAsU.S.banksrecoveredwiththehelpoftheAmericanernmentandtheAmericantaxpayer,Obamaheldmeetingswithtopbankexecutives,lingthemit’stimetoreturnthefavor.“ThewayIseeit—ourbanksnowhaveagreaterobligationtothegoalofawiderrecovery,”hesaid.Butthemaybegivingthefinancialsectortoomuchcredit.“Itwasinafreefall,anditwasaveryscaryperiod.”EconomistMartinNeilBailysaid.AfterthefailureofLehmanBrothers,manyoftheworld’slargestbanksfearedtheworstasthecollapseofthehousingbubbleexposedinvestmentsinriskyloans.Althoughhesaystheworstisover,Bailysaysthebankingcrisisisnot.Morethan130U.S.failedin2009.Hepredictshighfailureratesforsmaller,regionalbanksin2010asCommercialRealEstateloanscomedue.“Sotheremayactuallybeaworseningofcreditavailabilitytosmall-andmedium-sizedbusinessesinthenextyearorso.”ystssaythebiggestproblemishighunemployment,whichweakensdemandandmakesbanksreluctanttolend.ButU.S.BancorpchiefRichardDavisseesthesituationdifferently.“We’reprobablymoreoptimisticthantheexpertsmightbe.Withthatinmind,we’reputtingineverythingwecan.Lendingisthecoaltoourengine,sowewanttomakemoreloans.Wehavetofindawaytoqualifymorepeopleandnotputourselvesatrisk.”Whilesomeeconomistspredictcontinuedrecoveryinthefuture,Bailysaystheonlycertaintyisthatbanksareunlikelytomakethesamemistakestwice.“Youknow,forecasting’s eaveryhazardousbusinesssoIdon’twanttocommitmyselftoomuch.Idon’tthinkweknowexactlywhat’sgoingtohappenbutit’scertainlypossiblethatwecouldgetveryslowgrowthoverthenextyearortwo.”Iftheeconomystartstoshrinkagain,Bailysaysitwouldmakeastrongcaseforasecondstimulus—somethingtheObamaadministrationhopeswillnotbenecessary.Accordingtothespeaker,whatmightbeasymptomofcognitivedeclineinolderBeingunabletolearnnewBeingratherslowtomakeLosingtempermoreandmoreLosingtheabilitytogetonwithAccordingtoJamesBurke,whatdoesseemtohelpreducecognitiveBalancedFreshWhatdidJames mendtoreducetheincidenceofcognitiveIgnoringthesignsandsymptomsofAdoptinganoptimisticattitudetowardsEndeavoringtogiveupunhealthySeekingadvicefromdoctorsfromtimetoAnewstudyhasfailedtofindanyconclusiveevidencethatlifestylechangescanpreventcognitivedeclineinolderadults.Stilltherearegoodreasonstomakepositivechangesinhowweliveandwhatweeatasweage.Cognitivedeclineisthelossofabilitytolearnnewskills,orrecallwords,names,andfacesthatismostcommonasweage.Toreduceoravoidit,researchershaveexaminedtheeffectofsmoking,diet,brain-challenginggames,exerciseandotherstrategies.ResearchersatDukeUniversityscrutinizedmorethan160publishedstudiesandfoundanabsenceofstrongevidencethatanyoftheseapproachescanmakeabigdifference.Co-authorJamesBurkehelpeddesignthestudy.“IntheobservationalstudieswefoundthatsomeoftheBvitaminswerebeneficial.Exercise,diet,cognitivestimulationshowedsomepositiveeffects,althoughtheevidencewasnotsostrongthatwecouldactuallyconsiderthesefirmlyestablished.”Somepreviousstudieshavesuggestedthatchallengingyourbrainwithmentallystimulatingactivitiesmighthelp.AndBurkesaysthatactuallydoesseemtohelp,basedonrandomizedstudies—theresearcher’sgoldstandard.“Cognitivestimulationisoneoftheareaswherewedidfindsomebenefit.Theexacttypeofstimulationthatanindividualusersisnotasimportantasbeinginlectuallyengaged.”Theexpertreviewalsofoundinsufficientevidenceto mendanydrugsordietarysupplementsthatcouldpreventorslowcognitivedecline.However,giventhatthereisatleastsomeevidenceforpositiveeffectsfromsomeoftheselifestylechanges,plusotherbenefitsapparentlyunrelatedtocognitivedecline,Burkewaswillingtooffersome “Ithinkthatbyhavingpeopleadoptahealthylifestyle,bothfromamedicalstandpointaswellasnutritionalandcognitivestimulationstandpoint,wecanreducetheincidenceofcognitivedecline,whichwillbeproofthatthesefactorsare,infact,important.”JamesBurkeofDukeUniversityisoneoftheauthorsofastudyreviewingpreviousresearchoncognitivedecline.TheprispublishedonlinebytheAnnalsofInternalMedicine.1606-6WhatseemstohavebeenverysuccessfulaccordingtothewomanTheprojectthemanmanagedatTheupdatingoftechnologyatTheman’sswitchtoanewTherestructuringofherWhatdidthecompanylackbeforetheman’sschemewasStrategicWhatdoesthemansayhe nhisExpandtheRecruitmoreWatchoutforhisWhatdoesthemansayistheriskofPossibleswithintheW:So,Mike,youmanagetheinnovationprojectatCucinTech.M:Ididindeed.W:Well,then, ,congratulations.Itseemstohavebeenverysuccessful.M:Thanks.Yes,IreallyhelpthingsturnaroundatCucinTech.W:WastherevivalintheirfortunesentirelyduetostrategicM:Yes,yes,Ithinkitwas.CucinTechwasacompanywhowereverymuchfollowingthepack,ngwhateveryoneelsewasngandgettingrapidlyleftbehind.Icouldseetherewasalotoftalentthere,andsomegreatpotential,particularlyintheirproductdevelopment.Ijusthadtoharnessthatsomehow.W:WasinnovationatthecoreoftheM:Absoluy.Ifitdoesn’tsoundliketoomuchofCliché,ourworldisconstantlychangingandit’schangingquickly.Weneedtobeinnovatingconstantlytokeepupwiththis.Standstillandyouarelost.W:NostoptosnifftheM:Well,I’lldothatinmyallife.Sure.Butasabusinessstrategy,I’mafraidthereisnoM:WhatexactlyisstrategicinnovationW:Strategicinnovationistheprocessofmanaginginnovation,ofmakingsureittakesplaceatalllevelsofthecompany,andthatisrelatedtothecompany’soverallstrategy.W:IM:So,insteadofinnovationforinnovation’ssakeandnewproductsbeingcreatedsimplybecausethetechnologyisthere,thecompanyculturemustswitchfromthesepointing-timeinnovationstocontinuouspipelineofinnovationsfromeverywhereandeveryone.W:HowdidyoualignstrategiesthroughouttheM:Isoonbecameawarethatningisuseless.Peopletakenonotice.Simplyitcameaboutthroughgoodpracticetricklingdown.Thisbuiltconsent.Peoplecouldseeitwasthebestwaytowork.W:DoesinnovationontheskillreallygiveacompetitiveM:Iamcertainofit,absoluy,especiallyifit’sdifficultforacompetitortocopy.Theriskisofcoursethatinnovationmayfrequentlyleadtoimitation.W:Butnotifit’sM:W:ThanksfortalkingtoM:WhatarethespeakersmainlytalkingThejobofanThestressfeltbyTheimportanceoflanguageThebestwaytoeffectiveWhatdoesthemanthinkofDayna’sWhatdoesDaynasayabouttheinterpreterssheTheyallhaveastronginterestinTheyallhaveprofessionalTheyhaveallpassedlanguageproficiencyTheyhaveallstudiedcross-culturalWhatdomostinterpretersthinkofconsecutiveItrequiresamuchlargerItattachesmoreimportancetoItismorestressfulthansimultaneousItputsone’slong-termmemoryundermoreM:Today,myguestisDaynaIvanovichwhohasworkedforthelasttwentyyearsasaninterpreter.Dayna, W:ThankM:Now,I’dliketobeginbysayingthatIhaveonoccasionsusedaninterpretermyselfasaforeigncorrespondent（驻外）.SoIamfullofadmirationforwhatyoudo,butIyourprofessionissometimesunderrated,andmanypeoplethinkanyonewhospeaksmorethanonelanguagecant.W:Therearen’tanyinterpretersIknowwhodon’thaveprofessionalqualificationsandtraining.Youonlyreallygetproficientaftermanyyearsinthejob.M:Imayberightinsayingyoucandividewhatyountotwodistinctmethods—simultaneousandconsecutiveinterpreting.W:That’sright.Thetechniquesyouusearedifferent,andalotofinterpreterswillsayoneiseasierthantheother,lessstressful.M:Simultaneousinterpreting,puttingsomeone’swordsintoanotherlanguagemoreorlessastheyspeak,soundstomelikethemoredifficult.W:Well,actuallyno.Mostpeopleinthebusinesswouldagreethatconsecutiveinterpretingisthemorestressful.Youhavetowaitforthespeakertodeliverquiteachunkoflanguagebeforeyouthenputitintothesecondlanguage,whichputsyourshort-termmemoryunderintensestress.M:Youmakenotes,IW:Absoluy,anythinglikenumbers,names,placeshavetobenoteddown.Buttherestisnevertranslatedwordforword.Youhavetofindawayofsummarizingit,sothatthemessageisthere.Turningeverysinglewordintothelanguagewouldputtoomuchstrainontheinterpreterandslowdownthewholeprocesstoomuch.M:But,withsimultaneousinterpreting,youstarttranslatingalmostassoonastheotherstartsspeaking.Youmusthavesomepreparationbeforehand.W:Well,hopefullythespeakerswillletyouhaveanoutlineofthetopicadayortwoinYouhavealittletimetodoresearch,preparetechnicalexpressionsandsoWhatisthelong-heldviewaboutmothersleewithnewbornItmightincreasetheriskofinfants’Whatsraeliresearchers’findingsMotherswhobreast-feedtheirbabieshaveahardertimefallingMotherswhosleepwiththeirbabiesneedalittlemoresleepeachSleepatternsofmothersgreatlyaffecttheirnewbornbabies’SleewithinfantsinthesameroomhasanegativeimpactonWhatdoestheAmericanAcademyof mendmothersChangetheirsleeppatternstoadapttotheirnewbornSleepinthesameroombutnotinthesamebedastheirSleepinthesamehousebutnotinthesameroomastheirTakeprecautionstoreducetheriskofsuddeninfantdeathMothershavebeenwarnedforyearsthatsleewiththeirnewborninfantisabadideabecauseitincreasestheriskthatthebabymightdieunexpectedlyduringthenight.ButnowIsraeliresearchersarereportingthatevensleeinthesameroomcanhavenegativeconsequences:notforthechild,butforthemother.Motherswhosleptinthesameroomastheirinfants,whetherinthesamebedorjustthesameroom,hadpoorersleepthanmotherswhosebabiessleptelsewhereinthehouse:Theywokeupmorefrequently,wereawake y20minuteslongerpernight,andhadshorterperiodsofuninterruptedsleep.Theseresultsheldtrue（这个结果是成立的）eventakingintoaccountthatmanyofthewomeninthestudywerebreast-feedingtheirbabies.Infants,ontheotherhand,didn’tappeartohaveworsesleepwhethertheysleptinthesameordifferentroomfromtheirmothers.Theresearchersacknowledgethatsincethefamiliestheystudiedwereallmiddle-classIsraelis,it’spossibletheresultswouldbedifferentindifferentcultures.LeadauthorLiatTikotzkywrotein theresearchteamalsodidn’tmeasurefathers’sleep,soit’spossiblethattheirsleeppatternscouldalsobecausingthesleepdisruptionsformoms.Rightnow,toreducetheriskofsuddeninfantdeathsyndrome,theAmericanAcademyofPediatrics mendsthatmothersnotsleepinthesamebedastheirbabiesbutsleepinthesameroom.TheIsraelistudysuggeststhatngsomaybebestforthebaby,butmaytakeatollonmom.WhatdowelearnfromtheAlotofnativelanguageshavealreadydiedoutintheTheUSranksinthenumberofendangeredTheeffortstopreservenlanguageshaveprovedMoremoneyisneededtorecordthenativelanguagesintheForwhatpurposedoesFredNahwooksyappealformoreTosetupmorelanguageToendangeredWhatisthehistoricalcauseofthedeclineinAmericannThe ernment’spolicyofAmericanisingnThefailureofAmericannlanguagestogainanofficialThyUSernment’sunwillingnesstospendmoney Thelong-timeisolationofAmericannsfromtheoutsideWhatdoesthespeakersayaboutItisbeingutilisedtoteachnative lstraditionalstoriesduringfamilyItspeedsuptheextinctionofnativeItiswidelyusedinlanguageimmersionTheUShasalreadylostmorethanathirdofthenativelanguagesthatexistedbeforeEuropeancolonization,andtheremaining192areclassedbyUNESCOasrangingbetween“unsafe”and“extinct”.“Weneedmorefundingandmoreefforttoreturntheselanguagestoeverydayuse,”saysFredNahwooksyoftheNationalMuseumoftheAmerican “Wearemakingprogressbutmoneyneedstobespentonrevitalisinglanguages,notjustingthem.”Some40languages,mainlyinCaliforniaandOklahoma,wherethousands nswereforcedtorelocateinthe19thCentury,havefewerthan10nativespeakers.“Partoftheissueisthattribalgroupsthemselvesdon’talwaysbelievetheirlanguagesareendangereduntilthey’redowntothelasthandfulofspeakers.Butprogressisbeingmadethroughimmersionschools,becauseifyouteachchildrenwhenthey’reyoungitwillstaywiththemasadultsandthat’sthefuture,”saysMr.Nahwooksy,aComanche n.Suchschoolshave eamodelinHawaii.Buttheislanders’locallanguageisstillclassedbyUNESCOas“criticallyendangered”becauseonly1,000peoplespeakit.ThedeclineinAmericannlanguageshashistoricalroots:Inthemid-19thCentury,theUSernmentadoptedapolicyofAmericanizingnchildrenbyremovingthemfromtheirhomesandculture.Withinafewgenerationsmosthadfottentheirnativetongues.Anotherchallengetolanguagesurvivalisevision.IthasbroughtEnglishintohomesandpushedouttraditionalstory-lingandfamilytimetogether,acceleratingtheextinctionofnativelanguages.HowdoesunemploymentinsurancehelptheItpaysthemuptohalfoftheirpreviouswageswhiletheylookforItcoverstheirmortgagepaymentsandmedicalexpensesfor99ItpaystheirlivingexpensesuntiltheyfindemploymentItprovidesthemwiththebasicnecessitiesofeverydayWhatislocaldirectorElizabethWalshoftheBucksCountyCareerLinkCreatingjobsforthehugearmyofunemployedProvidingtrainingandguidanceforunemployedConvincinglocallawmakerstoextendunemploymentRaisingfundstohelpthosehavingnounemploymentWhatdoesPennsylvaniaStateRepresentativeScottPetrisayisthebestwaytohelpthelong-termunemployed?ToofferthemloanstheyneedtostarttheirownTocreatemorejobsbyencouragingprivateinvestmentsinlocalToencouragebigbusinessestohirebackworkers ernmentGregRosenlosthisjobasasalesmanagernearlythreeyearsagoandisstillunemployed.“Itliterallyislikesomethinginadream,torememberwhatit’sliketoactuallybeabletogoout,andputinaday’sworkandreceiveaday’spay.”At,Rosenboughtgroceriesandmadehousepaymentswiththehelpfromunemploymentinsurance.Itpayslaidoffworkersuptohalfoftheirpreviouswageswhiletheylookforwork.Butnow,thatinsurancehasrunoutforhim,andhehastomaketoughchoices.He’scutbackonmedicationsandhenolongerhelpssupporthisdisabledmother.Itisadevastatingexperience.NewresearchsaystheU.S.recessionisnowover,butmanypeopleremainunemployed.Andunemployedworkersfacedifficultodds.Thereisliterallyonlyonejobopeningforeveryfiveunemployedworkers,sofouroutoffiveunemployedworkershaveactuallynochanceoffindinganewjob.BusinesseshavedownsizedorshutdownacrossAmerica,leavingfewerjobopportunitiesforthoseinsearchofwork.ExpertswhomonitorunemploymentstatisticshereinBucksCounty,Pennsylvania,sayabout28,000peopleareunemployed,andmanyofthemarejoblessduetonofaultoftheirown.That’swheretheBucksCountyCareerLinkcomesin.LocaldirectorElizabethWalshsaystheyprovidetrainingandguidancetohelpunemployedworkersfindlocaljobopportunities.“Sohere’sthejobopening,here’sthejobseeker,matchth