考研考博-英语-山东工程职业技术大学押题密卷附带答案详解篇1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-山东工程职业技术大学押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Perhapsmostimportant,thereportcould_______morelight,thoughitdoesgivesome,onhowchildwelfareischangingovertime.

问题1选项

A.glance

B.reckon

C.cast

D.resort

【答案】C

【解析】glance扫视,匆匆一看;reckon估计,猜想;cast投,拋,计算;resort求助。castlighton使明白,使真相大白。句意：也许最重要的是,虽然报告中涉及了一些,但报告应该让我们明白,随着时间的推移儿童福利正在发生怎样的变化。选项C符合句意。

2.单选题

What’shotfor2007amongtheveryrich?A$7.3milliondiamondring.AtriptoTanzaniatohuntwildanimals.Oh,andincomeinequality.

Sure,someleftistbillionaireslikeGeorgeSoroshavebeenrailingagainstinequalityforyears.Butincreasingly,centristandright-wingbillionairesarestartingtoworryaboutincomeinequalityandthefateofthemiddleclass.

InDecember,MortimerZuckermanwroteacolumninU.S.New&WorldReport,whichheowns,“Ournation’scorebargainwiththemiddleclassisdisintegrating,”lamentedthe117th-richestmaninAmerica.“Mostofoureconomicgainshavegonetopeopleattheverytopoftheincomeladder.Averageincomeforahouse-holdofpeopleofworkingage,bycontrast,hasfallenfiveyearsinarow.”Henotedthat“TensofmillionsofAmericansliveinfearthatamajorhealthproblemcanreducethemtobankruptcy.”

WilburRossJr.hasechoedZuckerman’sangeroverthebitterstrugglesfacedbymiddle-classAmericans.“It’sanoutragethatanyAmerican’slifeexpectancyshouldbeshortenedsimplybecausethecompanytheyworkedforwentbankruptandendedhealth-carecoverage,”saidtheformerchairmanoftheInternationalSteelGroup.

What’shappening?TheveryricharejustastrendyasyouandI,andcanbesowhenitcomestopoliticsandpolicy.GiventherecentchangeofcontrolinCongress,thepopularityofmeasureslikeincreasingtheminimumwage,andeffortsbyCalifornian’sgovernortoofferuniversalhealthcare,theseguysdon’tneedtheirownpersonalweathermentoknowwhichwaythewindblows.It’spossiblethatplutocratsareexpressingsolidaritywiththestrugglingmiddleclassaspartofanefforttoinsulatethemselvesfromconfiscatorytaxpolicies.Buttheprospectthatincomeinequalitywillleadtohighertaxesonthewealthydoesn’tkeepplutocratsupatnight.Theycanlivewiththat.

No,whattheyfearwasthatthepoliticalchallengesofsustainingsupportforglobaleconomicintegrationwillbemoredifficultintheUnitedStatesbecauseofwhathashappenedtothedistributionofincomeandeconomicinsecurity.

Inotherwords,ifmiddle-classAmericanscontinuetostrugglefranticallyastheultrawealthygroweverwealthier,itwillbeincreasinglydifficulttomaintainpoliticalsupportforthefreeflowofgoods,services,andcapitalacrossborders.AndwhentheUnitedStatesplacesobstaclesinthewayofforeigninvestorsandforeigngoods,it’slikelytoencouragereciprocalactionabroad.Forpeoplewhobuyandsellcompanies,orwhoallocatecapitaltomarketsallaroundtheworld,that’stherealnightmare.

61.WhatisthecurrenttopicofcommoninterestamongtheveryrichinAmerica?

62.WhatdowelearnfromMortimerZuckerman’slamentation?

63.Fromthefifthparagraphwecanlearnthat______.

64.Whatistherealreasonforplutocratstoexpresssolidaritywiththemiddleclass?

65.WhatmayhappeniftheUnitedStatesplacesobstaclesinthewayofforeigninvestorsandforeigngoods?

问题1选项

A.Thefateoftheultra-wealthypeople.

B.Thedisintegrationofthemiddleclass.

C.Theinequalityinthedistributionofwealth.

D.Theconflictbetweentheleftandtherightwing.

问题2选项

A.Manymiddle-incomefamilieshavefailedtomakeabargainforbetterwelfare.

B.TheAmericaneconomicsystemhascausedmanycompaniestogobankrupt.

C.TheAmericannationisbecomingmoreandmoredivideddespiteitswealth.

D.ThemajorityofAmericansbenefitlittlefromthenation’sgrowingwealth.

问题3选项

A.theveryricharefashion-conscious

B.theveryricharepoliticallysensitive

C.universalhealthcareistobeimplementedthroughoutAmerica

D.Congresshasgainedpopularitybyincreasingtheminimumwage

问题4选项

A.Theywanttoprotectthemselvesfromconfiscatorytaxation.

B.Theyknowthatthemiddleclasscontributemosttosociety.

C.Theywanttogainsupportforglobaleconomicintegration.

D.Theyfeelincreasinglythreatenedbyeconomicinsecurity.

问题5选项

A.Thepricesofimportedgoodswillinevitablysoarbeyondcontrol.

B.Theinvestorswillhavetomakegreateffortstore-allocatecapital.

C.Thewealthywillattempttobuyforeigncompaniesacrossborders.

D.Foreigncountrieswillplacethesameeconomicbarriersinreturn.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】61.细节事实题。题干意思是“当前美国富人共同感兴趣的话题是什么？”。第二段提到Butincreasingly,centristandright-wingbillionairesarestartingtoworryaboutincomeinequalityandthefateofthemiddleclass.（但越来越多的中间派和右翼亿万富翁开始担心收入不平等和中产阶级的命运），可知当前美国富人共同感兴趣的话题是收入不平等和中产阶级的命运，所以C项“财富分配的不平等”正确。A项“超级富豪的命运”和D项“左翼和右翼之间的冲突”在文中没有提到；B项“中产阶级的解体”太片面，美国富人担心的是国家与中产阶级的核心交易的瓦解。因此，该题选择C项正确。

62.推理判断题。题干意思是“我们从MortimerZuckerman的悲叹中学到了什么？”。根据题干定位到文章第三段，原文提到Mostofoureconomicgainshavegonetopeopleattheverytopoftheincomeladder.Averageincomeforahouse-holdofpeopleofworkingage,bycontrast,hasfallenfiveyearsinarow.（我们的大部分经济收益都流向了收入阶梯最顶端的人；相比之下，工薪阶层家庭的平均收入却连续5年下降），可推断，尽管国家财富增长，但大多流向了收入最顶端的人，大部分的美国人得到的越来越少，故D项“大多数美国人从国家不断增长的财富中获益甚少”正确，由此也可知A项“许多中等收入家庭未能争取到更好的福利”错误；第三段最后一句讲到TensofmillionsofAmericansliveinfearthatamajorhealthproblemcanreducethemtobankruptcy.（数以千万计的美国人生活在恐惧之中，担心一个重大的健康问题就会让他们破产），由此可知B项“美国的经济体制已经导致许多公司破产”表述与原文不符；C项“美国国家变得越来越分裂，尽管它很富有”在该段没有提到。因此，该题选择D项正确。

63.推理判断题。题干意思是“从第五段我们可以了解到……”。第五段第二句提到TheveryricharejustastrendyasyouandI,andcanbesowhenitcomestopoliticsandpolicy.（富人和你我一样适应潮流，在政治和政策方面也可以如此），可以推断，富人在政治和政策方面也非常敏感，故B项“非常富有的人在政治上很敏感”正确。A项“非常富有的人有时尚意识”是文中的一个比较，用来突出富人在政治方面的敏感性，该项不选；由andeffortsbyCalifornian’sgovernortoofferuniversalhealthcare（以及加州州长提供全民医疗保健的努力）这一句可知，C项“全民医疗保健将在整个美国实施”表述错误；D项“国会通过提高最低工资获得了欢迎”，文中只提到了国会提高最低工资等措施的流行，并没有描述它的欢迎程度。因此，该题选择B项正确。

64.细节事实题。题干意思是“富豪们表达与中产阶级团结一致的真正原因是什么？”。根据第六段No,whattheyfearwasthatthepoliticalchallengesofsustainingsupportforglobaleconomicintegrationwillbemoredifficultintheUnitedStatesbecauseofwhathashappenedtothedistributionofincomeandeconomicinsecurity.（不，他们担心的是，由于收入分配不均和经济不安全，美国面临的持续支持全球经济一体化的政治挑战将更加困难）可知，富豪们表达与中产阶级团结一致的真正原因是想得到全球经济一体化的支持，故C项“他们希望获得对全球经济一体化的支持”正确。由第五段最后一句Buttheprospectthatincomeinequalitywillleadtohighertaxesonthewealthydoesn’tkeepplutocratsupatnight.Theycanlivewiththat.（但收入不平等将导致对富人增税的前景不会让富豪们夜不能寐，他们承受得了）可知，A项“他们想保护自己不被没收”和D项“他们感到越来越受到经济不安全感的威胁”不符合原文；B项“他们知道中产阶级对社会贡献最大”在文中没有提及。因此，该题选择C项正确。

65.细节事实题。题干意思是“如果美国对外国投资者和外国商品设置障碍，会发生什么？”。由最后一段倒数第二句AndwhentheUnitedStatesplacesobstaclesinthewayofforeigninvestorsandforeigngoods,it’slikelytoencouragereciprocalactionabroad.（当美国为外国投资者和外国商品设置障碍时，很可能会鼓励国外的对等行动）可知，如果美国对外国投资者和外国商品设置障碍，其他国家也会采取相应的措施，故D项“外国将设置同样的经济壁垒作为回报”正确。A项“进口商品的价格将不可避免地飙升到无法控制的程度”、B项“投资者将不得不做出巨大的努力来重新配置资本”和C项“富人将试图跨越国界购买外国公司”在文中都未提及。因此，该题选择D项正确。

3.单选题

Hewasgivenapresentin（）ofhisworkforthebusiness.

问题1选项

A.honor

B.realization

C.acknowledgement

D.encouragement

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项honor“荣誉”；B选项realization“实现，认识”；C选项acknowledgement“承认，感谢”；D选项encouragement“鼓励”。句意：他得到一份礼物，以感谢他为公司所做的工作。本句表示感谢他做的工作。因此C选项正确。

4.单选题

MosteconomistsintheUnitedStatesseemcaptivatedbythespellofthefreemarket.Consequently,nothingseemsgoodornormalthatdoesnotaccordwiththerequirementsofthefreemarket.Apricethatisdeterminedbytheselleror,forthatmatter,establishedbyanyoneotherthantheaggregateofconsumersseemspernicious.Accordingly,itrequiresamajoractofwilltothinkofprice-fixing(thedeterminationofpricesbytheseller)asboth“normal”andhavingavaluableeconomicfunction.Infact,price-fixingisnormalinallindustrializedsocietiesbecausetheindustrialsystemitselfprovides,asaneffortlessconsequenceofitsowndevelopment,theprice-fixingthatitrequires.Modernindustrialplanningrequiresandrewardsgreatsize.Hence,acomparativelysmallnumberoflargefirmswillbecompetingforthesamegroupofconsumers.Thateachlargefirmwillactwithconsiderationofitsownneedsandthusavoidsellingitsproductsformorethanitscompetitorschargeiscommonlyrecognizedbyadvocatesoffree-marketeconomictheories.Buteachlargefirmwillalsoactwithfullconsiderationoftheneedsthatithasincommonwiththeotherlargefirmscompetingforthesamecustomers.Eachlargefirmwillthusavoidsignificantprice-cutting,becauseprice-cuttingwouldbeprejudicialtothecommoninterestinastabledemandforproducts.Mosteconomistsdonotseeprice-fixingwhenitoccursbecausetheyexpectittobebroughtaboutbyanumberofexplicitagreementsamonglargefirms;itisnot.

Moreover,thoseeconomistswhoarguethatallowingthefreemarkettooperatewithoutinterferenceisthemostefficientmethodofestablishingpriceshavenotconsideredtheeconomiesofnon-socialistcountriesotherthantheUnitedStates.Theseeconomicsemployintentionalprice-fixing,usuallyinanovertfashion.Formalprice-fixingbycartelandinformalprice-fixingbyagreementscoveringthemembersofanindustryarecommonplace.Weretheresomethingpeculiarlyefficientaboutthefreemarketandinefficientaboutprice-fixing,thecountriesthathaveavoidedthefirstandusedthesecondwouldhavesuffereddrasticallyintheireconomicdevelopment.Thereisnoindicationthattheyhave.

Socialistindustryalsoworkswithinaframeworkofcontrolledprices.Intheearly1970s,theSovietUnionbegantogivefirmsandindustriessomeoftheflexibilityinadjustingpricesthatamoreinformalevolutionhasaccordedthecapitalistsystem.EconomistsintheUnitedStateshavehailedthechangeasareturntothefreemarket.ButSovietfirmsarenomoresubjecttopricesestablishedbyafreemarketoverwhichtheyexerciselessinfluencethanarecapitalfirms;rather,Sovietfirmshavebeengiventhepowertofixprices.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（

）.

2.Theauthor'sattitudetoward"MosteconomistsintheUnitedStates”(Para,1)canbestbedescribedas

（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromtheauthor'sargumentthatapricefixedbytheseller“seemspernicious”(Para,1)because

（

）.

4.Thesuggestioninthepassagethatprice-fixinginindustrializedsocietiesisnormalarisesfromtheauthor’sstatementthatprice-fixingis（

）.

问题1选项

A.refutethetheorythatthefreemarketplaysausefulroleinthedevelopmentofindustrializedsocieties

B.suggestmethodsbywhicheconomistsandmembersofthegovernmentoftheUniteStatescanrecognizeandcombatprice-fixingbylargefirms

C.showthatinindustrializedsocietiesprice-fixingandtheoperationofthefreemarketarenotonlycompatiblebutalsomutuallybeneficial

D.arguethatprice-fixing,inoneformoranother,isaninevitablepartofandbenefittotheeconomyofanyindustrializedsociety

问题2选项

A.spitefulandenvious

B.scornfulanddenunciatory

C.criticalandcondescending

D.ambivalentbutdeferential

问题3选项

A.peopledonothaveconfidenceinlargefirms

B.peopledonotexpectthegovernmenttoregulateprices

C.mosteconomistsbelievethatconsumersasagroupshoulddetermineprices

D.mosteconomistsassociatefixedpriceswithcommunistandsocialisteconomies

问题4选项

A.aprofitableresultofeconomicdevelopment

B.aninevitableresultoftheindustrialsystem

C.theresultofanumberofcarefullyorganizeddecisions

D.aphenomenoncommontoindustrializedandnon-industrializedsocieties

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:B

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章第一段指出美国的大多数经济学家都被自由市场的魅力所迷惑，事实上，在所有工业化社会中，价格固定都是正常的，因为工业体系本身提供了它所需要的价格固定，这是它自身发展的毫不费力的结果。随后文章对定价进行了详细的分析，因此D选项“认为以某种形式的价格固定是任何工业化社会经济的必然组成部分，并对其有益”符合题意。

2.观点态度题。由文章第二段中的Moreover,thoseeconomistswhoarguethatallowingthefreemarkettooperatewithoutinterferenceisthemostefficientmethodofestablishingpriceshavenotconsideredtheeconomiesofnon-socialistcountriesotherthantheUnitedStates.（此外，那些认为让自由市场在不受干扰的情况下运行是确定价格的最有效方法的经济学家，没有考虑到美国以外的非社会主义国家的经济）可知作者对美国大多数经济学家的观点是不赞成的，但其后并没有明确指出是自由市场好还是定价市场好，因此作者的态度是批评与谦虚的，选C。

3.推理判断题。由文章第一段中的Consequently,nothingseemsgoodornormalthatdoesnotaccordwiththerequirementsofthefreemarket.Apricethatisdeterminedbytheselleror,forthatmatter,establishedbyanyoneotherthantheaggregateofconsumersseemspernicious.（因此，没有不符合自由市场要求的东西是好的或正常的。一个由卖方决定的价格，或者就此而言，由除消费者总数以外的任何人确定的价格，似乎是有害的）可知C选项“大多数经济学家认为消费者群体应该决定价格”符合题意。

4.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的Infact,price-fixingisnormalinallindustrializedsocietiesbecausetheindustrialsystemitselfprovides,asaneffortlessconsequenceofitsowndevelopment,theprice-fixingthatitrequires.（事实上，在所有工业化社会中，价格固定都是正常的，因为工业体系本身提供了它所需要的价格固定，这是它自身发展的毫不费力的结果）B选项“工业体系的必然结果”符合题意。

5.单选题

Inthe1960s,manyyoungAmericansweredissatisfiedwithAmericansociety.TheywantedtoendtheVietnamWarandtomakeallofthepeopleintheU.S.equal.SomeofthemdecidedtodropoutofAmericansocietyandformtheirownsocieties.Theyformedutopiancommunities,whichtheycalled“communes”,wheretheycouldfollowtheirphilosophyof“doyourownthing”.AgroupofartistsfoundedacommuneinsouthernColoradocalled“DropCity”.FollowingtheideasofphilosopherandarchitectBuckminsterFuller,theybuiltdome-shapedhousesfrompiecesofoldcars.Othergroups,suchasauthorKenKesey’sMerryPranksters,thefollowersofSanFranciscopoetSteveGakin,andagroupthatcalleditselftheHogFarm,livedinoldschoolhousesandtraveledaroundtheUnitedStates.TheHogFarmbecamefamouswhentheyhelpedorganizetheWoodstockRockFestivalin1969.SteveGaskin’sfollowerstriedtosettledownonafarminTennessee,buttheyhadtoleavewhensomemembersofthegroupwerearrestedforgrowingmarijuana(大麻).

Notallcommunesbelievedinthephilosophyof“doyourownthing”.However,TwinOaks,acommunefoundedinVirginiainthelate1960s,wasbasedontheideasofpsychologistB.F.Skinner.ThepeoplewholivedatTwinOakswerecarefullycontrolledbySkinner’s“conditioning”techniquestodothingsthatweregoodforthecommunity.In1972,ItalianarchitectPaoloSoleribegantobuildArcosanti,autopiancityArizsonawhere2500peoplewilllivecloselytogetherinonelargebuildingcalledan“archeology”.Soleribelievesthatpeoplemustlivecloselytogethersothattheywillallbecomeone.

1.WhydidsomeyoungAmericansdecideto“dropout”ofsocietyduringthe1960s?

2.WheredidthemembersoftheHogFarmcommunelive?

3.WhogavethepeopleofDropCitytheideatobuilddome-shapedhouse?

4.WhatwastheTwinOakscommunebasedon?

5.Whatisan“archeology”?

问题1选项

A.TheywantedtogototheVietnamWar.

B.Theydidnotwantallpeopletobeequal.

C.TheywerenotsatisfiedwithAmericansociety.

D.Theywantedtogrowmarijuana.

问题2选项

A.OnafarminTennessee.

B.InanarcheologyinArizona.

C.Indome-shapedhouse.

D.Inoldschoolhouses.

问题3选项

A.SteveGaskin.

B.BuckminsterFuller.

C.PaoloSoleri.

D.B.G.Skinner.

问题4选项

A.Theideasofapsychologist.

B.Thebeliefthatpeoplemustlivecloselytogether.

C.Thephilosophyofdoyouownthing.

D.Virginiainthelate1960s.

问题5选项

A.AcityinArizona.

B.Atechniquetocontrolpeople.

C.Apersonwhostudiesarchaeology.

D.Alargebuildingwherepeoplelivecloselytogether.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第一段第一句Inthe1960s,manyyoungAmericansweredissatisfiedwithAmericansociety.（20世纪60年代，许多美国年轻人对美国社会感到不满。）和第三句SomeofthemdecidedtodropoutofAmericansocietyandformtheirownsocieties.（他们中的一些人决定退出美国社会，组成自己的社会。），可知是因为不满美国社会，所以退出，C选项“他们不满意美国社会”正确。A选项“他们想参加越南战争”和B选项“他们不希望所有的人都是平等的”：根据第一段第二句TheywantedtoendtheVietnamWarandtomakeallofthepeopleintheU.S.equal.（他们想结束越南战争，让所有美国人平等。），可知他们希望战争停止，也希望人人平等。D选项“他们想种植大麻”：根据第一段最后一句SteveGaskin’sfollowerstriedtosettledownonafarminTennessee,buttheyhadtoleavewhensomemembersofthegroupwerearrestedforgrowingmarijuana.（SteveGaskin的追随者试图在田纳西州的一个农场定居，但由于该组织的一些成员因种植大麻被捕，他们不得不离开。），可知种植大麻不是退出社会的原因。因此C选项正确。

2.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第一段倒数第三句agroupthatcalleditselftheHogFarm,livedinoldschoolhousesandtraveledaroundtheUnitedStates（这个团体自称“theHogFarm”的团体，住在旧学校房子里，周游美国），可知D选项“在旧学校房子里”正确。A选项“在田纳西州的农场”：根据第一段最后一句SteveGaskin’sfollowerstriedtosettledownonafarminTennessee（SteveGaskin的追随者试图在田纳西州的一个农场定居），可知这是SteveGaskin的追随者而非“theHogFarm”。B选项“在亚利桑那州的古迹”C选项“在圆顶的房子里”：根据第一段第五、六句AgroupofartistsfoundedacommuneinsouthernColoradocalled“DropCity”…theybuiltdome-shapedhousesfrompiecesofoldcars.（一群艺术家在科罗拉多州南部建立了一个名为“DropCity”的公社……他们用旧汽车的碎片建造了圆顶状的房子。），可知这里指的是“DropCity”而非“theHogFarm”。因此D选项正确。

3.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第一段第六句FollowingtheideasofphilosopherandarchitectBuckminsterFuller,theybuiltdome-shapedhousesfrompiecesofoldcars.（按照哲学家和建筑师BuckminsterFuller的想法，他们用旧汽车的碎片建造了圆顶状的房子。），可知B选项“BuckminsterFuller”正确。A选项“SteveGaskin”，C选项“PaoloSoleri”和D选项“B.G.Skinner”不符合题意。因此B选项正确。

4.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第二段第二句TwinOaks,acommunefoundedinVirginiainthelate1960s,wasbasedontheideasofpsychologistB.F.Skinner.（TwinOaks社区在20世纪60年代末于弗吉尼亚州成立，它基于心理学家B.F.Skinner的想法。），可知A选项“心理学家的想法”正确。B选项“人们必须紧密生活在一起的信念”，C选项“做自己的事情的哲学”和D选项“60年代末的弗吉尼亚”不符合题意。因此A选项正确。

5.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】语义推测题。根据文章倒数第二句autopiancityArizsonawhere2500peoplewilllivecloselytogetherinonelargebuildingcalledan“archeology”（一个乌托邦城市亚利桑那，在这里2500人将紧密地生活在一个叫做“archeology”大建筑物里），可知这个乌托邦城市地点在亚利桑那，在“archeology”中人们紧密地生活在一起，D选项“人们住在一起的巨大建筑”正确，A选项“亚利桑那州的一个城市”错误。B选项“一种控制人的技巧”和C选项“研究考古学的人”：文中没有提到。因此D选项正确。

6.单选题

Thegreat（）betweentheteamsdidnotmakeforanentertaininggame.

问题1选项

A.disparity

B.discomfit

C.discretion

D.dislocation

【答案】A

【解析】考查词义辨析。A选项disparity“明显差异”；B选项discomfit“使难堪”；C选项discretion“自行决定权；审慎”；D选项dislocation“（制度、进程、生活方式）紊乱”。句意：两队之间的巨大（）并没有使比赛变得有趣。Dislocation形容制度等，不能和team搭配，disparity可以和team搭配，也符合生活中因为两个团队的巨大差异让比赛有看点的场景。因此A选项正确。

7.单选题

Inmoderndays,onthewesternbankoftheupperTigrisRiverstandsanIraqicitycalledQal’atShartlat.Thousandsofyearsago,thisverysitewasoncethecapitalofagreatMesopotamianempire.Atthetime,theplacehadadifferentname.ItwascalledAshurorArrur.ThewordAshureventuallygaverisetotheteamAssyria,whichwasthenorthernpartofMesopotamia.PeoplelivinginthatregionlaterbecameknownastheAssyrians.

HistoriansoftendividethelonghistoryofAssyriaintothreeperiodseventhoughtheycannotreachaconsensusovertheexactdatesofeachera.ThethreeperiodswastheOldAssyrianPeriod(circa2000B.C.—1400B.C.),theMiddleAssyrianPeriod(circa1365B.C.—1100B.C.)andtheNeo-AssyrianEmpire(circa934B.C.—609B.C.).

ArchaeologicalevidenceshowedthatpeoplebegantosettleinAshurasearlyas2500B.C.ButitdidnotattainanypoliticalsignificanceuntilthethirddynastyofUrcollapsedin2004B.C.Afterthatfiasco,theAssyrianstransformedtheAshurintoabustlingcommercialcenter,controllingtraderoutestoandfromAnatolia.In1813B.C.,thefirstgreatAssyrianking,Shamshi-AdadI,ascendedthethroneandbeganaseriesofmilitaryexpansions.Attheheightofhisreign,hiskingdomownedtheentirenorthernMesopotamia.Itsgrowinginfluencegaveitsneighborplentyofreasonstobewary.WhilethingsweregoingsplendidlyforthisAssyrianupstart,Shamshi-Adadpassedawayin1791B.C.Soonafterhisdeath,thekingdombegantofallapart.KnowingthattheShamshi-Adad5sempirewasonthevergeofcollapse,Hammurabiofthe1stdynastyofBabylonjumpedatthechanceandinvadednorthernMesopotamia.HeconqueredAshurin1760B.C.Fromthatpointontothemiddleof1300sB.C.,Assyriawasreducedtoamerevassalstate.Atfirst,ithadtoanswertothe1stdynastyofBabylon.Afterthatempirewaseradicated,itturnedtosubmittoaHumankingdomcalledMitanni.Itwasnotuntil1365B.C.thatAssyria,thenruledbyAshur-uballitI,wasabletoregainitsindependence.Forthenextcouplehundredyears,Assyriagrewincreasinglypowerful.IteventuallydefeatedBabyloniaandevenoccupiedEgypt.

1.Accordingtothearticle,theAssyrianlivedinpartofmodern-day（）.

2.Accordingtothehistorians,thehistoryofAssyriahaslastedforabout（）.

3.ItwasduringthereignofShamshi-AdadI,thefirstgreatAssyrianKing,whentheAssyrians（）.

4.DuringthereignofShamshi-AdadI,theneighboringcountriesofAssyrianEmpire（）.

5.Inhistory,theAssyrianswereonceverypowerful,andtheyevenoccupied（）atonestage.

问题1选项

A.Egypt

B.India

C.China

D.Iraq

问题2选项

A.4,000years

B.3,800years

C.3,100years

D.1,400years

问题3选项

A.begantoexpandtheirempirewithmilitaryforces

B.begantoopennewtraderoutes

C.begantoencouragecommercialactivities

D.begantoestablishdiplomaticrelationswithothercountries

问题4选项

A.allshowedtheirrespect

B.alladmiredtheachievementsofShamshi-AdadI

C.allbecamevigilantandanxious

D.allpaidtributetoShamshi-AdadI

问题5选项

A.India

B.Russia

C.Egypt

D.Greece

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.事实细节题。根据第一段的内容可知，Assyrian生活在几千年前被称为Ashur或Arrur的地方。现在这个地方名为Qal’atShartlat，是一座伊拉克的城市。所以选项D正确。

2.信息归纳题。根据第二段的内容可知，历史学家将亚述历史划分为三个时期，分别持续了600年、265年、325年，一共是大约1400年的历史。选项D正确。

3.事实细节题。根据第三段第四句“In1813B.C.,thefirstgreatAssyrianking,Shamshi-AdadI,ascendedthethroneandbeganaseriesofmilitaryexpansions.”选项A符合原文。

4.事实细节题。根据第三段“Itsgrowinginfluencegaveitsneighborplentyofreasonstobewary.”其日益增长的影响力使其邻国有充足的理由保持警惕。选项C符合原文。

5.事实细节题。根据最后一段最后一句“IteventuallydefeatedBabyloniaandevenoccupiedEgypt.”它最终打败了巴比伦王国，甚至占领了埃及。选项C正确。

8.单选题

Whenthefarmersvisitedthecityforthefirsttime,theywere______byitscomplicatedtrafficsystem.

问题1选项

A.evoked

B.bewildered

C.diverted

D.undermined

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.evoked引起，唤起（感情、记忆或形象）B.bewildered使迷惑，使糊涂

C.diverted使转向，转移（某人）的注意力D.undermined逐渐削弱（信心、权威等），使逐步减少效力

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据句意“农民们第一次进城时，他们被城市复杂的交通系统______”可知，他们是对城市复杂的交通系统感到困惑，所以该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】农民们第一次进城时，对城市复杂的交通系统感到迷惑不解。

9.写作题

Directions:Chooseoneofthetwotopicstodevelopanessayofabout300words.

1.China’sOpportunitiesandChallengeswiththeComingofGlobalization.

2.SomepeoplebelievethattheEarthisbeingdamagedbyhuman,activity.OthersfeelthathumanactivitymakestheEarthabetterplacetolive.Whatisyouropinion?Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.

【答案】略

10.单选题

______theuseofnickelin1835,spoonsandforksweremademainlyofsilver.

问题1选项

A.Atthetimeof

B.After

C.Priorto

D.Superiorto

【答案】C

【解析】【试题解析】考查词义辨析。A选项Atthetimeof“在……时候”；B选项After“在……之后”；C选项Priorto“在……之前”；D选项Superiorto“优于”。句意：在1835年使用镍______，勺子和叉子主要是用银制作的。根据语境，横线处需要表示时间关系，这里指的是在没有用镍制作勺子和叉子之前，主要是用银来制作，C选项Priorto“在……之前”符合题意。因此C选项正确。

11.单选题

TheAppleProject,code-named“Titan”,employedseveralhundredpeopleworkingafewmilesfromApple’sheadquartersinCupertino,and（）autoindustryexperts.

问题1选项

A.allowed

B.sponsored

C.gathered

D.recruited

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项allowed表示“允许，承认，接受”，B选项sponsored表示“赞助，发起，筹款”，C选项gathered表示“聚集，集中”，D选项recruited表示“招聘，雇佣，招募”。分析句子结构可知，空缺处缺少部分为句子谓语动词。由前文关键信息“employedseveralhundredpeople”可知，后文也应表示“招聘了一些自动化专家”，因此本题正确答案为D选项。

12.单选题

Whenhetriedtomakea_______,hefoundthatthehotelthathewantedwascompletelyfilledbecauseofaconvention.

问题1选项

A.complaint

B.claim

C.reservation

/r/