考研考博-英语-山西交通职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-山西交通职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Onceitwaspossibletodefinemaleandfemaleroleseasilybythedivisionoflabor.Menworkedoutsidethehomeandearnedtheincometosupporttheirfamilies,whilewomencookedthemealsandtookcareofthehomeandthechildren.Theseroleswerefirmlyfixedformostpeople,andtherewasnotmuchopportunityforwomentoexchangetheirroles.Butbythemiddleofthiscentury,men’sandwomen’sroleswerebecominglessfirmlyfixed.

Inthe1950s,economicandsocialsuccesswasthegoalofthetypicalAmerican.Butinthe1960sanewforcedevelopedcalledthecounterculture.Thepeopleinvolvedinthismovementdidnotvaluethemiddle-classAmericangoals.Thecounterculturepresentedmenandwomenwithnewrolechoices.Takingmoreinterestinchildcare,menbegantosharechild-raisingtaskswiththeirwives.Infact,someyoungmenandwomenmovedtocommunalhomesorfarmswheretheeconomicandchildcareresponsibilitiesweresharedequallybybothsexes.Inaddition,manyAmericansdidnotvaluethetraditionalmaleroleofsoldier.SomeyoungmenrefusedtobedraftedassoldierstofightinthewarinVietnam.

Intermsofnumbers,thecounterculturewasnotaverylargegroupofpeople.ButitsinfluencespreadtomanypartsofAmericansociety.Workingmenofallclassesbegantochangetheireconomicandsocialpatterns.Industrialworkersandbusinessexecutivesalikecutdownon“overtime”worksothattheycouldspendmoreleisuretimewiththeirfamilies.Somedoctors,lawyers,andteachersturnedawayfromhighpayingsituationstopracticetheirprofessionsinpoorerneighborhoods.

Inthe1970s,thefeministmovement,orwomen’sliberation,producedadditionaleconomicandsocialchanges.Womenofallagesandatalllevelsofsocietywereenteringtheworkforceingreaternumbers.Mostofthemstilltooktraditionalwomen’sjobsaspublicschoolteaching,nursing,andsecretarialwork.Butsomewomenbegantoentertraditionallymaleoccupations:policework,banking,dentistry,andconstructionwork.Womenwereaskingforequalwork,andequalopportunitiesforpromotion.

Todaytheexpertsgenerallyagreethatimportantchangesaretakingplaceintherolesofmenandwomen.Naturally,therearedifficultiesinadjustingtothesetransformations.

andwomen.Naturally,therearedifficultiesinadjustingtothesetransformations.

1.WhichofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainideaofParagraph1?

2.WhichsentencebestexpressesthemainideaofParagraph2?

3.Inthepassagetheauthorproposesthatthecounterculture______.

4.Itcouldbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.

5.Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe______.

问题1选项

A.Womenusuallyworkedoutsidethehomeforwages.

B.Menandwomen’sroleswereeasilyexchangedinthepast.

C.Men’srolesathomeweremorefirmlyfixedthanwomen’s.

D.Menandwomen’sroleswereusuallyquiteseparatedinthepast.

问题2选项

A.Thefirstsentence.

B.Thesecondandthethirdsentences.

C.Thefourthsentence.

D.Thelastsentence.

问题3选项

A.destroyedtheUnitedStates

B.transfonnedsomeAmericanvalues

C.wasnotimportantintheUnitedStates

D.broughtpeoplemoreleisuretimewiththeirfamilies

问题4选项

A.menandwomenwillneversharethesamegoals

B.somemenwillbewillingtoexchangetheirtraditionalmaleroles

C.mostmenwillbehappytosharesomeofthehouseholdresponsibilitieswiththeirwives

D.moreAmericanhouseholdsareheadedbywomenthaneverbefore

问题5选项

A.ResultsofFeministMovements

B.NewinfluenceinAmericanLife

C.CountercultureandItsconsequence

D.TraditionalDivisionofMaleandFemaleRoles

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.主旨大意题。由文章第一段中Menworkedoutsidethehomeandearnedtheincometosupporttheirfamilies,whilewomencookedthemealsandtookcareofthehomeandthechildren.Theseroleswerefirmlyfixedformostpeople,andtherewasnotmuchopportunityforwomentoexchangetheirroles.（男人在外面工作，挣的钱养家，而女人做饭，照顾家里和孩子。这些角色对大多数人来说是固定不变的，妇女没有机会交换她们的角色）可知过去男女的分工明确，角色相对固定，因此选D。

2.主旨大意题。文章第二段主要讲述了反主流文化对男女分工角色的影响，再根据第一段最后一句中Butbythemiddleofthiscentury,men’sandwomen’sroleswerebecominglessfirmlyfixed.（但是到了本世纪中叶，男性和女性的角色越来越不固定）可知C选项最符合题意。

A选项“在20世纪50年代，经济和社会的成功是典型的美国人的目标”；B选项“但是在20世纪60年代，一支新的力量被称为反文化。参与这场运动的人并不重视美国中产阶级的目标；C选项“反主流文化为男性和女性提供了新的角色选择”；D选项“一些年轻男性拒绝应征当兵参加越南战争”。

3.推理判断题。由文章第三段中ButitsinfluencespreadtomanypartsofAmericansociety（但它的影响却蔓延到美国社会的许多方面）可推测反主流文化改变了美国的一些价值观，因此选B。

4.推理判断题。由文章第二段中Takingmoreinterestinchildcare,menbegantosharechild-raisingtaskswiththeirwives.Infact,someyoungmenandwomenmovedtocommunalhomesorfarmswheretheeconomicandchildcareresponsibilitiesweresharedequallybybothsexes.（由于对育儿更感兴趣，男人们开始和妻子分担抚养孩子的任务。事实上，一些年轻男女搬进了公共住宅或农场，在那儿双方共同承担经济和抚养孩子的责任）可推测C选项“大多数男人都很乐意和妻子分担一些家务”符合题意。

5.主旨大意题。文章第一段讲述了过去社会男女分工明确，角色固定；第二三段讲述了反主流文化以及它的影响；第四段讲述了女权运动给美国社会和经济带来的变化；最后一段简单概括男女地位的变化与转变中的困难。因此B选项“美国生活的新影响”符合题意。

2.单选题

Toolmakersmusthavetheabilitytoworkvery（

）inordertomeetexactspecifications.

问题1选项

A.plausibly

B.profoundly

C.precisely

D.primarily

【答案】C

【解析】plausibly似真地；profoundly深刻地，极度地；precisely精确地，恰好；primarily主要地，根本上。句意：工具制造者必须能非常精确地工作，以满足准确的规格要求。根据下文可知，选项C符合句意。

3.单选题

Thereceptionwasattendedby（）membersofthelocalcommunity.

问题1选项

A.excellent

B.conspicuous

C.prominent

D.noticeable

【答案】C

【解析】C选项prominent意为“突出的；著名的”。句意：参加这次招待会的是当地社区的（）人士。A选项excellent极好的；B选项conspicuous显而易见的；C选项prominent突出的；著名的；D选项noticeable引人注目的，C选项prominent符合句意。

4.单选题

Inthisageofglobalization,weneedtoabandonourhistoricalideaof（

）asasinglereligiousornationalalliance.

问题1选项

A.identity

B.registration

C.dignity

D.qualification

【答案】A

【解析】考察名词辨析。identity身份；registration登记，注册；dignity尊严；qualification资格。句意：在全球化时代下，我们需要摈弃视身份为单一的宗教或民族认同的历史观点。选项A符合句意。

5.问答题

Thepatientneededaspinaltap,andaseniorattendingphysicianaskedamedicalresidentwhetherapreparatorybloodtesthadbeenchecked.Themedicalstudentwasstunnedtohearhimanswerintheaffirmative,becauseshewasquitecertainithadnotbeenchecked.

(1)Well,almostcertain.

Doctorsintrainingsometimesconfrontsituationsinwhichtheyworrythattheirsupervisingphysiciansaremakingmistakesorbendingthetruth.(2)Yeteventhoughsuchactscanjeopardizepatients,theinclinationandabilityofyoungdoctorstospeakupishamperedbythehierarchiesinteachinghospitals.

Onthetopweretheseniorphysicianswhomaderoundsonthewardsonceortwicedaily.Nextweretheoverworkedresidents,whoessentiallylivedinthehospitalwhiletraining.(3)Lastwerethemedicalstudentswhoweremostassuredlyatthebottomoftheheap.

Thestudentwhoseresidentseeminglyliedtotheattendingphysicianaboutthebloodtestdidnotspeakup.Theresidentwasagooddoctor,shesaid,andsoshehadgivenhimthebenefitofthedoubt.And,sheadded,boththeresidentandtheattendingphysicianwouldbegradingher.

Whatshouldamedicalstudentdoinsuchasituation?Onepossibilityistotakethematterupwithamoreseniordoctor.Orthestudentmightgodirectlytothepatientorfamily,tellingthemthatthephysicianshaveagenuinedisagreementandthattheydeservetoknowaboutit.

Theseoptionsseemlogicalonpaper.AstheethicistJamesDwyerhaswritteninTheHastingsCenterReport,“Thepracticeofalwayskeepingquietisafailureofcaring.”(4)Butintherealworld,itmaybeextremelydifficulttogoupthechainofcommand.

Fortunately,medicaleducatorsareincreasinglyrecognizingthedilemmasthatdoctorsintrainingconfrontwhentheywitnessbehaviorthatmakesthemuncomfortable.(5)Studentsandresidentsarenowexpectedtoprovideroutinefeedback—positiveandnegative—abouttheirsupervisingphysiciansatthecloseoftheirrotation.

Ofcourse,physiciansandstudentsneedtobeeducatedabouthowtogivefeedbackinprofessionalandnon-confrontationalways.Medicaleducatorsareonlynowbeginningtoteachthisskill.Still,itwillbehardtochangetheunfortunateperceptionthatconstructivefeedback,evenforapatient’sbenefit,iswhistle-blowing.

【答案】答：

1.Almostcertainly,themedicalstudentwasstunnedtohearsuchananswerfromhissupervisor.

2.Theinclinationandabilityofyoungdoctorstospeakupisstoppedbythehospitalhierarchies,despiteappearanceofmistakesbysupervisingphysicians.

3.Atthebottomofhierarchywerethosemedicalstudentsassuredly.

4.Butinrealhospitalenvironment,itisratherdifficultformedicalstudentstogiveacommand.

5.Medicalstudentsandresidentsshouldmakeregularfeedbackabouttheirsupervisingphysicians,positivelyandnegativelyattheendoftheirrotation.

【解析】1.原文句意是：嗯，几乎可以肯定。原文这一句是对上文的肯定，上文提到Themedicalstudentwasstunnedtohearhimanswerintheaffirmative,becauseshewasquitecertainithadnotbeenchecked.（学医的学生听到他的回答很吃惊，因为她很肯定没有经过检查），所以改写的时候需要结合上文的内容来进行扩充，故改写为Almostcertainly,themedicalstudentwasstunnedtohearsuchananswerfromhissupervisor（几乎可以肯定的是，医学院的学生听到他的导师这样的回答感到很震惊）。

2.原文句意是：然而，即使这样的行为可能危及病人，但教学医院的等级制度阻碍了年轻医生发言的倾向和能力。前半句是让步状语从句，并且actscanjeopardizepatients指的是作为指导医生，他们的错误行为危害到病人的健康，所以可以改写为despiteappearanceofmistakesbysupervisingphysicians（尽管指导医生出现了一些错误）；后半句中的hamper可以用stop来替代，所以句子改写为Theinclinationandabilityofyoungdoctorstospeakupisstoppedbythehospitalhierarchies,despiteappearanceofmistakesbysupervisingphysicians（医院的等级制度阻止了年轻医生说话的倾向和能力，尽管指导医生出现了一些错误）。

3.原文句意是：最后，处于等级最下层的肯定是这些医学生。atthebottomoftheheap（在底层）指的是等级制度的底层，所以可以改写为atthebottomofhierarchy；另外who引导的定语从句是修饰强调的，所以句式可以精简，故这个句子可改写为Atthebottomofhierarchywerethosemedicalstudentsassuredly（在等级制度的最底层肯定是那些医科学生）。

4.原文句意是：但在现实世界中，要爬上指挥链可能极其困难。根据文章语境，inrealworld（在现实世界中）指的就是在医院环境中，而thechainofcommand（指挥链）的对象指的则是位于底层的医学生；故该句子可以改写为Butinrealhospitalenvironment,itisratherdifficultformedicalstudentstogiveacommand（但在现实的医院环境中，医学生想要得到指挥权是相当困难的）。

5.原文句意是：学生和住院医师现在被要求在轮班结束时对他们的指导医生提供常规的正面和负面反馈。routine（常规的）可以改为regular（定期的，普通的）；positiveandnegative在原文中是作为插入语使用，所以可以改为positivelyandnegatively；故该句可改写为Medicalstudentsandresidentsshouldmakeregularfeedbackabouttheirsupervisingphysicians,positivelyandnegativelyattheendoftheirrotation（医学生和住院医师应该在轮岗结束时，定期对他们的指导医生做出正面和负面反馈）。

6.单选题

ArecurringcriticismoftheUK’suniversitysectorisitsperceivedweaknessintranslatingnewknowledgeintonewproductsandservices.

Recently,theUKNationalStemCellNetworkwarnedtheUKcouldloseitsplaceamongtheworldleadersinsterncellresearchunlessadequatefundingandlegislationcouldbeassured.Weshouldtakethisconcernseriouslyasuniversitiesarekeysinthenationalinnovationsystem.

However,wedohavetochallengetheunthinkingcomplaintthatthesectordoesnotdoenoughintakingideastomarket.ThemostrecentcomparativedataontheperformanceofuniversitiesandresearchinstitutionsinAustralia,Canada,USAandUKshowsthat,fromarelativelyweakstartingposition,theUKnowleadsonmanyindicatorsofcommercializationactivity.

Whenviewedatthenationallevel,thepolicyinterventionsofthepastdecadehavehelpedtransformtheperformanceofUKuniversities.EvidencesuggeststheUK’spositionismuchstrongerthanintherecentpastandisstillshowingimprovement.Butnationaldate,askstheverylargevariationintheperformanceofindividualuniversities.Theevidenceshowsthatalargenumberofuniversitieshavefallenoffthebackofthepack,afewperformstronglyandtherestchasetheleaders.

ThistypeofunevendistributionisnotpeculiartotheUKandmirroredacrossothereconomic.IntheUK,researchisconcentrate;lessthan25%ofuniversitiesreceive75%oftheresearchfunding.ThesesameuniversitiesarealsotheinstitutionsproducingthegreatestshareofPhDgraduates,sciencecitations,patentsandlicenseincome.Theeffectofpoliciesgeneratinglong-termresourceconcentrationhavealsocreatedadistinctivesetofuniversitieswhichareresearch-ledandcommerciallyactive.Itseemsclearthattheconcentrationofresearchandcommercializationworkcreatesdifferencesbetweenuniversities.

Thecoreobjectiveforuniversitieswhichareresearch-ledmustbetomaximizetheimpactoftheirresearchefforts.Theseuniversitiesshouldbegeneratingthewidestrangeofsocialeconomicandenvironmentalbenefits.Inreturnforthescaleofinvestmenttheyshouldsharetheirexpertiseinordertobuildgreaterconfidenceinthesector.

PartoftheeconomicrecoveryoftheUKwillbedrivenbythenextgenerationofresearchcommercializationspillingoutofouruniversities.TherearethreedozenuniversitiesintheUKwhichareactivelyengagedinadvancedresearchtrainingandcommercializationwork.

Iftherewasagreatercoordinationoftechnologytransferofficeswithinregionsandasimultaneousinvestmentinthescaleandfunctionsofourgraduateschools,universitiescould,andshould,playakeyroleinpositioningtheUKforthenextgrowthcycle.

1.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofUKuniversitiesintermsofcommercialization?

2.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutthenationaldataonUKuniversities’performanceincommercialization?

3.WecaninferfromParagraph5that“policyinterventions”refersto（

）.

4.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestresearch-leduniversitiesdo?

5.HowcantheuniversitysectorplayakeyroleintheUK’seconomicgrowth?

问题1选项

A.Theyfailtoconvertknowledgeintomoney.

B.Theydonotregarditastheirresponsibility.

C.Theystillhaveaplaceamongtheworldleaders.

D.Theyhavelosttheirleadingpositioninmanyways.

问题2选项

A.Itmasksthefatalweaknessesofgovernmentpolicy.

B.ItdoesnotrankUKuniversitiesinascientificway.

C.Itdoesnotreflectthedifferencesamonguniversities.

D.Itindicatestheirineffectiveuseofgovernmentresources.

问题3选项

A.governmentaidtonon-research-orienteduniversities

B.compulsorycooperationbetweenuniversitiesandindustries

C.fairdistributionoffundingforuniversitiesandresearchinstitutions

D.concentrationofresourcesinalimitednumberofuniversities

问题4选项

A.Publicizetheirresearchtowininternationalrecognition.

B.Fullyutilizetheirresearchtobenefitallsectorsofsociety.

C.Generouslysharetheirfacilitieswiththoseshortoffunds.

D.Spreadtheirinfluenceamongtopresearchinstitutions.

问题5选项

A.Byestablishingmoreregionaltechnologytransferoffices.

B.Byaskingthegovernmenttoinvestintechnologytransferresearch

C.Bypromotingtechnologytransferandgraduateschooleducation.

D.Byincreasingtheefficiencyoftechnologytransferagencies.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据文章第三段，“…fromarelativelyweakstartingposition,theUKnowleadsonmanyindicatorsofcommercializationactivity.”，可知英国从一个相对较弱的起点，现在在许多商业化活动的指标上处于领先地位。可判断出在作者看来英国大学的商业化在世界上仍然在世界上有一席之地，处于领先地位。因此选项C符合题意。

2.细节事实题。根据文章第四段，“EvidencesuggeststheUK’spositionismuchstrongerthanintherecentpastandisstillshowingimprovement.Butnationaldate,askstheverylargevariationintheperformanceofindividualuniversities.”，可知有证据表明，英国大学的地位比过去要稳定得多，而且仍在改善。但全国数据并没有反映出各所大学存在的巨大差异。因此选项C符合题意。

3.词义理解题。根据文章第四段第一句，“thepolicyinterventionsofthepastdecadehavehelpedtransformtheperformanceofUKuniversities.”，可知过去10年的政策干预改变了英国大学，然后在下文提及了各个大学存在巨大的差异。第五段主要对这种分配不平均的现象进行了进一步阐述，这种现象不仅发生在英国，，也存在于其他国家。又根据文章第五段，“Theeffectofpoliciesgeneratinglong-termresourceconcentrationhavealsocreatedadistinctivesetofuniversitieswhichareresearch-ledandcommerciallyactive.”，可知政策主导的长期资源集中化也造就了一批独特的大学，它们以研究为主导，并且商业化。可判断出policyinterventions就是指资源集中的政策。因此现象D符合题意。

4.细节事实题。根据文章第六段，“Thecoreobjectiveforuniversitieswhichareresearch-ledmustbetomaximizetheimpactoftheirresearchefforts.Theseuniversitiesshouldbegeneratingthewidestrangeofsocialeconomicandenvironmentalbenefits.”，可知以研究为主导的大学的核心目标必须是最大限度地发挥其研究的影响。这些大学应该为社会、经济和环境各方面带来效益。可判断出这些研究型大学应该充分利用他们的研究成果造福于社会。因此选项B符合题意。

5.判断推理题。根据文章最后一段，“Iftherewasagreatercoordinationoftechnologytransferofficeswithinregionsandasimultaneousinvestmentinthescaleandfunctionsofourgraduateschools,universitiescould,andshould,playakeyroleinpositioningtheUKforthenextgrowthcycle.”，可知如果各区域内的技术转移部门更有效的协调，同时加大研究生规模和功能的投资，大学应该能在英国下一轮经济增长中发挥关键作用。可判断出作者认为英国的大学可以通过促进技术转移和投资研究生院教育在经济增长中发挥作用。因此选项C符合题意。

7.单选题

Everyyear,onestudentinourhighschoolwinsscholarshipthat（

）oneyearofcollege.

问题1选项

A.improves

B.subsidizes

C.obliges

D.inflicts

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。improve意为“提高”；subsidize意为“资助，津贴，行贿”；oblige意为“强制，强迫”；inflict意为“造成，遭受”。

句意：每年，我们学校都会有一名学生获得奖学金作为大学的津贴。

8.单选题

Thepalmtreelookedasifit（

）foralongtime.

问题1选项

A.hasn’twatered

B.didn’twater

C.hadn’tbeenwatered

D.wasn’twatered

【答案】C

【解析】考查虚拟语气。Asif引导一个表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的句子。主语的谓语动词是一般过去时，因此虚拟语气的谓语动词要用过去完成时。选项C符合题意。

9.单选题

You’refillingouttheapplicationformforapositionyoureallyneed;let’sassumeyouonceactuallycompletedacoupleofyearsofcollegeworkoreventhatyoucompletedyourdegree.Isn’tittemptingtoliejustalittle,toclaimontheformthatyourdiplomarepresentsaHarvarddegree?OrthatyoufinishedanextracoupleofyearsbackatStateUniversity?

Moreandmorepeopleareturningtoutterdeceptionlikethistolandtheirjobortomoveaheadintheircareers,forpersonnelofficers,likemostAmericans,valuedegreesfromfamousschools.Ajobapplicantmayhaveagoodeducationanyway,butheorsheassumesthatchancesofbeinghiredarebetterwithadiplomafromawell-knownuniversity.Registrarsatmostwell-knowncollegessaytheydealwithdeceitfulclaimsliketheseattherateofaboutperweek.

Personnelofficersdocheckupondegreeslistedonapplicationforms.Ifitturnsoutthatanapplicantislying,mostcollegesarereluctanttoaccusetheapplicantdirectly.OneIvyLeagueschoolcallsthem“imposters”；anotherreferstothemas“specialcases”.Onewell-knownWestCoastschool,inperhapsthemostdelicatephraseofall,saysthattheseclaimsaremadeby“nosuchpeople”.

Toavoidoutrightlies,somejob-seekersclaimthatthey“wereassociatedwith”acollegeoruniversity.Aftercarefullychecking,aspersonnelofficermaydiscoverthat“attending”meansbeingdismissedafteronesemester.Itmaybethat“beingassociatedwith”acollegemeansthatthejobseekervisitedhisyoungerbrotherforafootballweekend.Oneschoolthatkeepsrecordsoffalseclaimssaysthatthepracticedatesbackatleasttotheturnofthecentury--that’swhentheybegankeepingrecords,anyhow.

Ifyoudon’twanttolieorevenstretchthetruth,therearecompaniesthatwillsellyouaphonydiploma.Onecompany,withofficesinNewYorkandontheWestCoast,willputyournameonadiplomafromanynumberofnonexistentcolleges.Thepricebeginsataroundtwentydollarsforadiplomafrom“SmootUniversity”.Thepricesincreaserapidlyforadegreefromthe“UniversityofPurdue”.AsthereisnoSmootStateandtherealschoolinIndianaiscalledPurdueUniversity,thepricesseemratherhighforonesheetofpaper.

1.Themainideaofthispassageisthat（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,“specialcases”(Para.3)referstocaseswhere（

）.

3.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat

（

）.

4.Thispassageimpliesthat

（

）.

5.Theword“utter”(Para.2)probablymeans（

）.

问题1选项

A.employersarecheckingmorecloselyonapplicantsnow

B.lyingaboutcollegedegreeshasbecomeawidespreadproblem

C.Collegedegreescannowbepurchasedeasily

D.employersarenolongerinterestedincollegedegrees

问题2选项

A.studentsattendaschoolonlypart-time

B.studentsneverattendedaschooltheylistedontheirapplication

C.studentspurchasefalsedegreesfromcommercialfirms

D.studentsattendedafamousschool

问题3选项

A.performanceisabetterjudgeofabilitythanacollegedegree

B.experienceisthebestteacher

C.pastworkhistoriesinfluencepersonnelofficersmorethandegreesdo

D.adegreefromafamousschoolenablesanapplicanttogainadvantageoverothersinjobcompetition

问题4选项

A.buyingafalsedegreeisnotmoral

B.personnelofficersonlyconsiderapplicantsfromfamousschools

C.mostpeoplelieonapplicationsbecausetheyweredismissedfromschool

D.societyshouldbegreatlyresponsibleforlyingonapplications

问题5选项

A.address

B.thorough

C.ultimate

D.decisive

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:主旨大意题。题目问的是“这篇文章的主旨是什么？”文章主要讲述了越来越多的人在求职时对他们的学历撒谎，以及形成这种现象的原因。选项B“在学历方面撒谎已经成了普遍的问题”符合题意。

第2题:推理判断题。题目问的是“根据文章可知，第三段提到的‘特殊情况’指的是什么？”文章第三段提到人事专员会验证求职者列出来的学历，当被证实求职者在撒谎时，大部分学校不会直接谴责那个撒谎的求职者，比如，有所常春藤学校称其为“骗子”（imposters），另一所学校称其为“特殊情况”(specialcases)，说明这些求职者并不是这些学校的学生，因此选项B符合题意。

第3题:推理判断题。题目问的是“从文章我们能了解到什么？”文章第二段提到“人事专员跟大多数美国人一样注重名校的学历。求职者虽然受到了良好的教育，但是他们认为如果毕业于名校，被录取的机会更高（forpersonnelofficers,likemostAmericans,valuedegreesfromfamousschools.Ajobapplicantmayhaveagoodeducationanyway,butheorsheassumesthatchancesofbeinghiredarebetterwithadiplomafromawell-knownuniversity）”，因此选项D“名校的学历能让求职者在竞争中有优势”符合题意。

第4题:推理判断题。题目问的是“这篇文章暗示了什么？”文章第二段提到越来越多的人在找工作的时候撒谎，因为像大部分美国人一样，人事专员非常看重名校学历（Moreandmorepeopleareturningtoutterdeceptionlikethistolandtheirjobortomoveaheadintheircareers,forpersonnelofficers,likemostAmericans,valuedegreesfromfamousschools），即这么多人选择撒谎，是因为社会看重名校学历。因此，选项D“社会应该对求职者撒谎负很大责任”符合题意。

第5题:词义题。题目问的是“第二段中的‘utter’一词是什么意思？”文章第二段中“utter”后面的“this”指上文提到的“声称自己的毕业证书代表着哈佛大学的学位”（claimontheformthatyourdiplomarepresentsaHarvarddegree），由此可知utter是“说”的意思。选项A符合题意。

10.单选题

Hebelievesthatit’swrongthatsomepeopleshouldenjoywealth,privilege,influenceandpowersolely（）anaccidentofbirth.

问题1选项

A.onthegroundof

B.forthesakeof

C.inviewof

D.byvirtueof

【答案】D

【解析】考查介词词组辨析。onthegroundof“以……为理由，因为”；forthesakeof“为了……的利益”；inviewof“鉴于，考虑到”；byvirtueof“由于，凭借”。句意：他认为有些人一出生就可以享受财富、特权和权势的观点是错误的。选项D符合题意。

11.单选题

Lifeisinterestingtopeoplewho（

）themselvestonewideas.

问题1选项

A.present

B.exhibit

C.expose

D.explain

【答案】C

【解析】句意:对于让自己接触新观点的人而言，生活是有意思的。

考查动词辨析。Present把…交给,颁发,授予,提出,提交;exhibit展览,陈列,展示;expose使面临,使暴露,使曝光,常与to连用表示“使接触……，使受到……的影响”;explain说明,解释。根据关键词newideas(新观点)可知C符合句意。

12.翻译题

Theeducatedmanispresumedtoknowwhatiswrongintheworld,andwhatshouldbedonetorectifyit.Ifhiseducationhasamountedtoanything,itshouldhaveincreasedhisabilitytothinkclearlyandscientifically,andthustoknowhowtogetatthecauseandeffectofpolitical,social,economicindustrialevils.Nomanhasrighttoconsidereducationasmerelyapersonalbenefitenablinghimtobemoreprosperousandhappyintheworld.Hemustlookuponitasimposinguponhimaresponsibilitytoincreasethewelfareofothers.Toomanyregarditastheirownpossession,anddonotrealizethatitissomethingtobesharedwithothers,andtobeusedforgoodofsocietyatlarge.

【答案】受过教育的人被认定能辨别是非,并能正确改正。如果他受的教育已经达到了一定程度,便能提高其进行清晰和科学思维的能力,从而了解政治、社会、经济工业犯罪所产生的原因和所造成的影响。没有任何人有资格只把教师当作自己的个人利益,利用教育使自己在这世界上变得更加富有和幸福。他必须把它看作为强加于他身上的以増加他人福利的职责。太多人把教育作为自己独有的财富,从未认识到应该与他人一起分享,将其最大限度地用在社会公益事业上。

13.单选题

（）andhardworkarethecornerstonesofthiscompany.

问题1选项

A.Mutilation

B.Innovation

C.Empire

D.Strength

【答案】B

【解析】语义题。句中and连接空格跟hardwork,因此B项innovation(创新，革新)正确。

14.填空题

Anewgraduatestudent（1）ourresearchgroupyesterday.（2）enough,hehasthesamename（3）ourprofessor.（4）ofthemare

namedMichaelWilson.ProfessorWilsonisonly39,andwe’realwayscalledhim“Mike”.To（5）confusion,we’vedecidedtocallthenewmemberofourresearchgroup“Michael”，（6）thoughitdo