疑问副词引导的限制性定语从句精讲课件-高三英语二轮复习

Grammarandusage江苏省新沂市第三中学

林浩由关系副词引导限制性定语从句精讲1.定义：限制性定语从句（restrictiverelativeclause）指修饰名词，代词或名词短语的从句，对所修饰的对象加以限制，表示....的（人）或....的（物）。从句不可去掉，一旦去掉，主句的意思则不完整。被修饰的名词、代词或名词短语称为先行项或先行词（antecedent）。2.定语从句可由关系副词（relativeadverbs）when、where、why引导，关系副词在定语从句中作状语。3.关系副词的用法（1）when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，它的先行词通常有time、day、morning、night、week、year、moment、period等。例：IstillrememberthetimewhenIfirstbecameacollegestudent.例：DoyouknowthedatewhenLincolnwasborn？注意：当occasion表示“（特定的）时刻；场合”，即为抽象意义的“时间”时，关系副词用when。例：“Describeanoccasionwhenyouhadtogiveapresentationtotheaudience.（2）where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，它的先行词通常有place、spot、street、house、room、city、town、country、world等。例：Thisisthehotelwheretheyarestaying.例：IforgetthehousewheretheSmithslived.注意：当point、situation、case、condition、stage（阶段）等表达“情况，境地，场合”等抽象意义的地点时，关系副词用where。例：Wewereputintoapositionwherewehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant，orfighttheorganisation.我们被置于这样一个境地，要么接受自己不那么重要，要么与组织抗争。（3）why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason。例：Thatisthereasonwhyheisleavingsosoon.（4）在正式场合，关系副词when、where、why可以用“介词+which”代替。①when=on(in,at,during...)+which例：IwasinBeijingonthedaywhen（=onwhich）hearrived.②where=in(at,on...)+which例：Theofficewhere（=inwhich）heworksisonthethirdfloor.③why=forwhich（固定不变）Thisisthechiefreasonwhy（=forwhich）wedidit.（5）当先行词是表示时间的time、day等和表示地点的place、house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构。从句结构完整为状语，不完整为定语。例：I’llneverforgetthedaywhenmyhometownwasliberated（解放）.（作状语）例：I‘llneverforgetthedayswhich/thatwespenttogetherlastsummer.（作定语，宾语）例：Hisfatherworksinafactorywhereradiopartsaremade.（作状语）例4：Hisfatherworksinafactorywhich/thatmakesradioparts.（作定语，主语）（6）when和where既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句；而why只能引导限制性定语从句。例：HewillputoffthepicnicuntilMay1st,whenhewillbefree.他将把野餐推迟到5月1日，那时他有空例：TheywenttoLondon,wheretheylivedforsixmonths.例：Doyouknowthereasonwhytheskyisblue？（7）复杂介词：bymeansof（通过...的方式）、asaresultof（因为...）、infrontof、allof、mostof等.例：Theinstrumentbymeansofwhichthetemperatureismeasurediscalledtheromometer.用来测量温度的仪器叫做温度计。5.用适当关系词填空(1)Wewenttoaremotevillagelastweekend__________turnsouttobeaplacewithbeautifulscenery.(2)Hawkingbelievestheearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanet_________lifehasdevelopedgradually.(3)Whenyou’rearound17,yourbrainhasreachedthepoint_________youcaneasilymakewisedecisions.(4)Icanstillrememberthemoment_________Iwasadmittedtoourschool.which/thatwherewherewhen(5)Themuseumwillopeninthespringwithaviewingplatform________visitorscanwatchthebigglasshousesbeingbuilt.(6){2022新高考}TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies_______livewithintheGiantRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea(7)Kate,_______sisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege,hasgonetoworkinAustralia.(8)In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneof_________purposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation.(9)ButIrecentlycameacrossastudy__________showswhyhisapproachworks.wherethatwhosewhosethat/whcih7.用适当的关系词完成下列短文TheLabaFestivalistheday1._______thereisacustomofeatingLabaporridgeinmostpartsofChina.Thereason2._______itiscelebratedontheeighthdayofthetwelfthmonthofthelunarChinesecalendaristhat"La"isthenamegiventothe12thlunarmonthand8ispronouncedas"ba"inChinese.Thereareseverallegendsaboutitsorigin,mostof3._______arenottrue.However,whatweknowtodayisthatthisfestivalstartedasatime4.________theancientChineseusedtoprayforabountifulharvestand