考研考博-英语-安徽冶金科技职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安徽冶金科技职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Igrewupinmyparents'pubinEnglandwheretherewasalwaysalotofdrama,andallthedrama—fights,flirting,tears,tantrums—revolvedaroundlove.Ialsowatchedmyparentsdestroytheirownloveforeachother.SincethattimeI'vebeenonamissiontofigureoutexactlywhatloveis.Mymotherdescribeditas“afunnyfiveminutes.”It'salsobeencalledamysteriousmixofsentimentandsex,oracombinationofinfatuationandcompanionship.Well,it'smorethanthat.

Mypersonalinsights,gleanedfromresearchingandcounselingmorethanathousandcouplesover35years,havenowmergedwithagrowingbodyofscientificstudies,tothepointwhereIcannowsaywithconfidencethatweknowwhatloveis.It'sintuitiveandyetnotnecessarilyobvious:It'sthecontinualsearchforabasic,secureconnectionwithsomeoneelse.Throughthisbond,partnersinlovebecomeemotionallydependentoneachotherfornurturing,soothing,andprotection.

Wehaveawired——inneedforemotionalcontactandresponsivenessfromsignificantothers.It'sasurvivalresponse,thedrivingforceofthebondofsecurityababyseekswithitsmother.Thisobservationisattheheartofattachmenttheory.Agreatdealofevidenceindicatesthattheneedforsecureattachmentneverdisappears;itevolvesintotheadultneedforasecureemotionalbondwithapartner.Thinkofhowamotherlovinglygazesatherbaby,justastwoloversstareintoeachother'seyes.

Althoughourculturehasframeddependencyasabadthing,aweakness,itisnotbeingattachedtosomeoneprovidesourgreatestsenseofsecurityandsafety.Itmeansdependingonapartnertorespondwhenyoucall,toknowthatyoumattertohimorher,thatyouarecherished,andthathewillrespondtoyouremotionalneeds.

Themostbasictenetofattachmenttheoryisthatisolation——notjustphysicalisolationbutemotionalisolation——istraumatizingforhumanbeings.Thebrainactuallycodesitasdanger.GloriaSteinemoncesaidawomanneedsamanlikeafishneedsabicycle.That'snonsense.

ThedramaoflovethatIsawplayedoutatthebareachnightasachildisallaboutthehumanhungerforsafeemotionalconnection,asurvivalimperativeweexperiencefromthecradletothegrave.Oncewedofeelsafelylinkedwithourpartner,wecantoleratethehurtstheywillinevitablyinflictuponusinthecourseofdailylife.

1.Theword“drama”(line1&2,paragraph1)canbebestreplacedby（）.

2.Wecaninferthat

（）.

3.Theneedforemotionalcontactandresponsivenessfromsignificantothersis（）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,（）.

5.Thispassage（）.

6.WecaninferthattheBritishculture（）.

7.Accordingtotheauthor,therehasbeenagreatdealofevidencethattheneedforsecureemotionalattachmentis（）.

8.Whenwefeelsafelylinkedwithourpartner（）.

问题1选项

A.highlyemotionalevents

B.dramaticworksperformedonastage

C.literaryworksactedonastage

D.dramaticarguments

问题2选项

A.theauthor'sparentsweredivorced

B.theauthorismarried

C.loveforacoupleexistsonlyfor5minutes

D.loveisinfatuationandcompanionship

问题3选项

A.strong

B.sometimesweak

C.regular

D.developedovertime

问题4选项

A.loveismarkedintuition

B.dependencyisnotaweakness

C.attachmenttheorycanexplaineverythingaboutlove

D.isolationistolerableforlovers

问题5选项

A.clarifiesthemisconceptionsaboutlove

B.describesthemostbasictenetoflove

C.studieslovefromtheperspectiveofscience

D.redefinestheconceptoflove

问题6选项

A.discouragesphysicalisolation

B.encouragesemotionalattachment

C.issupportiveofdependency

D.endorsesindependence

问题7选项

A.short-lived

B.everlasting

C.lessintense

D.fadingwaygradually

问题8选项

A.wewillnotarguewithhimorher

B.whateverourpartnersaysordoesmattersalottous

C.thephysicalandemotionalisolationisbearable

D.wewilltoleratethehurtstheywillinflictonus

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:D

第6题:D

第7题:B

第8题:D

【解析】1.根据第一段第一句“allthedrama—fights,flirting,tears,tantrums—revolvedaroundlove.”可知,这些都是和情绪相关的时间,所以选项A正确。

2.根据第一段第二句“Ialsowatchedmyparentsdestroytheirownloveforeachother.”可推测,作者的父母离婚了。选项A正确。选项B在文中没有信息提及。选项C和D是作者母亲的看法。

3.根据第三段第一句“Wehaveawired——inneedforemotionalcontactandresponsivenessfromsignificantothers.”可知,这种需求是强烈的,选项A正确。

4.根据第四段第一句“Althoughourculturehasframeddependencyasabadthing,aweakness,itisnot,beingattachedtosomeoneprovidesourgreatestsenseofsecurityandsafety.”可知,作者认为依赖不是弱点,选项B正确。选项A表述不完整；选项C表述太绝对；选项D也不正确。

5.作者在第一段提出母亲对爱的看法,下文给出了自己的见解,这是对爱的概念重新进行定义,所以选项D最恰当。

6.根据第四段第一句“Althoughourculturehasframeddependencyasabadthing,aweakness,...”可知,这里的文化指的就是英国文化,他们认为依赖是一件坏事,是一个弱点。也就是说他们认可独立自主,选项D符合原文。

7.根据第三段第四句“Agreatdealofevidenceindicatesthattheneedforsecureattachmentneverdisappears...”大量证据表明,对安全感的需求从未消失,也就是持久的,选项B正确。

8.根据最后一段最后一句“Oncewedofeelsafelylinkedwithourpartner,wecantoleratethehurtstheywillinevitablyinflictuponusinthecourseofdailylife.”可知选项D与原文表述一致。

2.单选题

Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Justoveradecadeintothe21stcentury,women’sprogresscanbecelebratedacrossarangeoffields.TheyholdthehighestpoliticalofficesfromThailandtoBrazil,CostaRicatoAustralia.AwomanholdsthetopspotattheInternationalMonetaryFund;anotherwontheNobelPrizeineconomics.Self-madebillionairesinBeijing,techinnovatorsinSiliconValley,pioneeringjusticesinGhana-intheseandcountlessotherareas,womenareleavingtheirmark.

Butholdtheapplause.InSaudiArabia,womenaren’tallowedtodrive.InPakistan,1,000womendieinhonorkillingseveryyear.Inthedevelopedworld,womenlagbehindmeninpayandpoliticalpower.ThepovertyrateamongwomenintheU.S.roseto14.5%lastyear.

Tomeasurethestateofwomen’sprogress.Newsweekranked165countries,lookingatfiveareasthataffectwomen’slives:treatmentunderthelaw,workforceparticipation,politicalpower,andaccesstoeducationandhealthcare.AnalyzingdatafromtheUnitedNationsandtheWorldEconomicForum,amongothers,andconsultingwithexpertsandacademics,wemeasured28factorstocomeupwithourrankings.

CountrieswiththehighestscorestendtobeclusteredintheWest,wheregenderdiscriminationisagainstthelaw,andequalrightsareconstitutionallyenshrined(神圣化).Butthereweresomesurprises.Someotherwisehigh-rankingcountrieshadrelativelylowscoresforpoliticalrepresentation.Canadarankedthirdoverallbut26thinpower,behindcountriessuchasCubaandBurundi.Doesthissuggestthatawomaninanation’stopofficetranslatestobetterlivesforwomeningeneral?Notexactly.“Tryingtoquantifyormeasuretheimpactofwomeninpoliticsishardbecauseinveryfewcountrieshavetherebeenenoughwomeninpoliticstomakeadifference,”saysAnne-MarieGoetz,peaceandsecurityadviserforU.N.Women.

Ofcourse,noindexcanaccountforeverything.Declaringthatonecountryisbetterthananotherinthewaythatittreatsmorethanhalfitscitizensmeansrelyingonbroadstrokesandgeneralities.Somethingssimplycan’tbemeasured.Andcross-culturalcomparisonscan’taccountfordifferencesofopinion.

Certainconclusionsarenonethelessclear.Foronething,ourindexbacksupasimplebutprofoundstatementmadebyHillaryClintonattherecentAsia-PacificEconomicCooperationsummit.“Whenweliberatetheeconomicpotentialofwomen,weelevatetheeconomicperformanceofcommunities,nations,andtheworld,”shesaid.“Thereisastimulativeeffectthatkicksinwhenwomenhavegreateraccesstojobsandtheeconomiclivesofourcountries:Greaterpoliticalstability.Fewermilitaryconflicts.Morefood.Moreeducationalopportunityforchildren.Byharnessingtheeconomicpotentialofallwomen,weboostopportunityforallpeople.

21.Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutwomen’sprogresssofar?

22.Inwhatcountrieshavewomenmadethegreatestprogress?

23.WhatdoNewsweekrankingsrevealaboutwomeninCanada?

24.WhatdoesAnne-MarieGoetzthinkofawomanbeinginanation’stopoffice?

25.WhatdoesHillaryClintonsuggestwedotomaketheworldabetterplace?

问题1选项

A.Itstillleavesmuchtobedesired.

B.Itistooremarkabletobemeasured.

C.Ithasgreatlychangedwomen’sfate.

D.Itisachievedthroughhardstruggle.

问题2选项

A.Wherewomenholdkeypostsingovernment.

B.Wherewomen’srightsareprotectedbylaw.

C.Wherewomen’sparticipationinmanagementishigh.

D.Wherewomenenjoybettereducationandhealthcare.

问题3选项

A.Theycareliteaboutpoliticalparticipation.

B.Theyaregenerallytreatedasequalsbymen.

C.Theyhaveasurprisinglylowsocialstatus.

D.Theyareunderrepresentedinpolitics.

问题4选项

A.Itdoesnotnecessarilyraisewomen’spoliticalawareness.

B.Itdoesnotguaranteeabetterlifeforthenation’swomen.

C.Itenhanceswomen’sstatus.

D.Itboostswomen’sconfidence.

问题5选项

A.Givewomenmorepoliticalpower.

B.Stimulatewomen’screativity.

C.Allowwomenaccesstoeducation.

D.Tapwomen’seconomicpotential.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】21、【试题答案】A

【试题解析】判断推理题。由题干关键词“women’sprogress”可定位到第一段的第一句话“Justoveradecadeintothe21stcentury,women’sprogresscanbecelebratedacrossarangeoffields”（21世纪刚刚过去10年，女性在各个领域都取得了进步），然后第一段紧接着介绍了女性取得了哪些进步。再根据第二段第一句话“Butholdtheapplause”（但是别急着鼓掌）可知第二段又讲述了在某些国家女性的状况没有那么好。所以可以推测本题女性虽然取得了进步，但是还不够，即A选项“还有需要进步的地方”；B、C、D选项没有原文依据，所以排除。因此A选项正确。

22、【试题答案】B

【试题解析】判断推理题。由题干“countrieshavewomenmadethegreatestprogress”可定位到第四段第一句话“CountrieswiththehighestscorestendtobeclusteredintheWest,wheregenderdiscriminationisagainstthelaw,andequalrightsareconstitutionallyenshrined(神圣化)”（得分最高的国家往往集中在西方，那里性别歧视是违法的以及宪法保护男女平等权利），所以B选项“妇女权利受到法律保护”说法正确。女性担任国家最高职务不完全意味着总体上女性的生活会更好，所以可以排除A、C选项；D选项不符合题意。因此B选项正确。

23、【试题答案】D

【试题解析】判断推理题。由题干关键词“Newsweekrankings”定位到第三段的第二句话“Newsweekranked165countries”。根据上下文都是讲的排名情况，再由第四段“Canadarankedthirdoverallbut26thinpower”可知是对前文的举例说明，即“Someotherwisehigh-rankingcountrieshadrelativelylowscoresforpoliticalrepresentation”（其他一些排名靠前的国家在政治代表方面的得分相对较低），也就是表明加拿大的女性在政治代表方面的得分较低，因此D选项“她们在政治上的代表不足”符合题意。A、B、C选项与加拿大的情况无关，所以排除。因此D选项正确。

24、【试题答案】B

【试题解析】判断推理题。由题干关键词定位到本文的第四段。根据上下文可知，引用Anne-MarieGoetz的话是为了说明前面的内容，即第四段倒数第二句话“Doesthissuggestthatawomaninanation’stopofficetranslatestobetterlivesforwomeningeneral?Notexactly”（这是否意味着，女性担任国家最高职务就意味着总体上女性的生活会更好？不完全是。）因此B选项“它不能保证这个国家的妇女过上更好的生活”说法正确。其余选项在原文中无相关表述。因此B选项正确。

25、【试题答案】D

【试题解析】判断推理题。由题干关键词“HillaryClinton”定位到第六段第二句话，紧接着第三句话为她的观点即“‘Whenweliberatetheeconomicpotentialofwomen,weelevatetheeconomicperformanceofcommunities,nations,andtheworld,’shesaid…forallpeople”，以上均为maketheworldabetterplace的具体表现，但是总结来说就是D选项“挖掘女性经济潜力”，且tap为harnessing的近义词。A、B、C选项不是HillaryClinton的建议，她的建议主要是在经济领域，所以排除。因此D选项正确。

3.单选题

Reading（）themindonlywithmaterialsof

knowledge;itisthinkingthatmakeswhatwereadours.

问题1选项

A.rectifies

B.prolongs

C.minimizes

D.furnishes

【答案】D

【解析】rectify指修正；prolong指延长；minimize指最小化；furnish此处指为...提供。句意：阅读只能提供知识的材料,

而思考能让我们读到的东西属于我们自己。选项D符合句意。

4.单选题

About5000yearsago,peopleinanareanorthoftheBlackSeainsoutheasternEuropespokealanguagecalledProto-Indo-European,whichisbelievedtobetheancestorofmostEuropeanlanguages.TheseincludethelanguagesthatbecameancientGreek,ancientGermanandtheancientLatin.

Latindisappearedasaspokenlanguage.YetitleftbehindthreegreatlanguagesthatbecamemodernSpanish,FrenchandItalian.AncientGermanbecameDutch,Danish,German,Norwegian,SwedishandoneofthelanguagesthatdevelopedintoEnglish.

TheEnglishlanguageisaresultoftheinvasionsoftheislandofBritainovermanyhundredsofyears.ThefirstinvasionswerebyapeoplecalledAnglesabout1500yearsago.TheAngleswereaGermantribe（部落）whocrossedtheEnglishChannel.LatertwomoregroupscrossedtoBritain.TheyweretheSaxonsandtheJutes.ThesegroupsfoundapeoplecalledtheCelts,whohadlivedinBritainformanythousandsofyears.TheCeltsandtheinvadersfought.Afterawhile,mostoftheCeltswerekilled,ormadeslaves.SomeescapedtoliveintheareathatbecameWales.Throughtheyears,theSaxons,AnglesandJutemixedtheirdifferentlanguages.TheresultiswhatiscalledAnglo-SaxonorOldEnglish.

ThenextgreatinvasionofBritaincamefromthefarnorthbeginningabout1100yearsago.FiercepeoplecalledVikingsinvadedthecoastareasofBritain.TheVikingscamefromDenmark,Norwayandothernortherncountries.Theywerelookingtocapturetradegoodsandslavesandtakeawayanythingofvalue.Insomeareas,theVikingsbecamesopowerfultheybuilttemporarybases.Thesetemporarybasessometimesbecamepermanent.Later,manyVikingsstayedinBritain.ManyEnglishwordsusedtodaycomefromtheseancientVikings.Wordslike“sky，”“leg，”“skill,”“egg，”“crawl,”“lift”and“take”arefromtheoldlanguagesofthefarnortherncountries.

ThenextinvasionofBritaintookplacemorethan900yearsago,in1066.HistoryexpertscallthisinvasiontheNormanConquest.

1.Whatisthegeneralideaofthepassage?

2.WhichofthefollowinglanguageslaterdevelopedintoEnglish?

3.OldEnglishisthemixtureofthelanguagesspokenbythefollowingtribeswhichinclude_____.

4.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeVikingswhoinvadedBritainabout1100yearsago?

5.Whatfollowsthepassageismostprobablyabout

.

问题1选项

A.TheearlyhistoryoftheEnglishlanguage

B.TheoriginoftheEnglishlanguage

C.ThevarietiesoftheEnglishlanguage

D.TheinvasionsofBritain

问题2选项

A.Proto-Indo-Europeanlanguage

B.AncientGreek

C.AncientGerman

D.AncientLatin

问题3选项

A.TheAngles,theSaxonsandtheCelts

B.TheSaxons,theJutesandtheCelts

C.TheAngle,theJutesandtheCelts

D.TheAngles,theSaxonandtheJutes

问题4选项

A.Theyweresoldiers

B.Theyweremerchants

C.Theywerepirates

D.Theyweresailors

问题5选项

A.theimpactoftheNormanConquestontheBritishpeople

B.theimpactoftheNormanConquestontheEnglishlanguage

C.theimportanteventsintheNormanConquest

D.thehistoricalfiguresintheNormanConquest

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了英语这门语言的起源以及发展，因此选项A符合题意。

2.细节事实题。根据文章第二段提到的AncientGermanbecameDutch,Danish,German,Norwegian,SwedishandoneofthelanguagesthatdevelopedintoEnglish，可知选项C符合题意。

3.细节事实题。根据文章第三段最后两句话Throughtheyears,theSaxons,AnglesandJutemixedtheirdifferentlanguages.TheresultiswhatiscalledAnglo-SaxonorOldEnglish.可知选项D符合题意。

4.判断推理题。文章第四段提到他们夺去贸易货物和奴隶，抢走任何有价值的东西(Theywerelookingtocapturetradegoodsandslavesandtakeawayanythingofvalue)，由此可推测他们是海盗，选项C符合题意。

5.判断推理题。文章第二段和第三段分别讲述了两次侵略对于英语这门语言的影响，最后一段提到thenextinvasion，由此可推测接下来会讲述这次侵略对语言的影响，因此选项B符合题意。

5.单选题

Despitethefactthatthetwocouncilmembersbelongedtodifferentpoliticalparties,they______theissueofhowtofinancethetowndebt.

问题1选项

A.attested

B.reportedon

C.disdainfor

D.consentto

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词及词组辨析。A项attest“证明，证实”，B项reporton“报告，汇报，就……作报告”，C项disdainfor“蔑视，鄙视”，D项consentto“同意，答应”。由despite可知，前后句子为转折关系，前半句的意思是“尽管这两名委员会成员属于不同的政党”，那么可以推测they______theissue的意思应该是“但是他们都同意这个事情”，D项符合。句意：尽管这两名委员会成员属于不同的政党，但他们同意如何为城镇债务融资的问题。因此，该题选择D项。

6.单选题

England’steam,whoarenowsuperblyfit,willbedoingtheirbestnextweekto______themselvesforlastyear’sdefeat.

问题1选项

A.revive

B.retort

C.revenge

D.remedy

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项revive“复兴；复活；苏醒；恢复精神”；B选项retort“反驳，回嘴；蒸馏；在曲颈瓶里加热；（对侮辱或伤害）进行报复”；C选项revenge“报复；替……报仇；雪耻”；D选项remedy“补救，纠正，改进；治疗”。句意：英格兰队现在状态极佳，下周将竭尽全力为去年的失败复仇。因此C选项正确。

7.不定项选择题

Severedroughtinthe1970sand80’s,coupledwithapopulationexplosionanddestructivefarmingandlivestockpractices,wasdenudingvastswathsofland.Thedesertseemeddeterminedtoswalloweverything.SoMr.DanjimoandotherfarmersinGuidanBakoye，theSahel,asemiaridbeltthatspansAfricajustbelowtheSaharatookasmallbutradicalstep.Nolongerwouldtheyclearthesaplingsfromtheirfieldsbeforeplanting,astheyhadforgenerations.Insteadtheywouldprotectandnurturethem,carefullyplowingaroundthemwhensowingmillet,sorghum,peanutsandbeans.

Today,thesuccessingrowingnewtreessuggeststhattheharmtomuchoftheSahelmaynothavebeenpermanent,butatemporarylossoffertility.Theevidence,scientistssay,demonstrateshowrelativelysmallchangesinhumanbehaviorcantransformtheregionalecology,restoringitsbiodiversityandproductivity.

InNiger’scase,farmersbeganprotectingtreesjustasrainfalllevelsbegantoriseagainafterthedroughtsinthe1970sand80’s.

Anotherchangewasthewaytreeswereregardedbylaw.Fromcolonialtimes,alltreesinNigerhadbeenregardedasthepropertyofthestate,whichgavefarmerslittleincentivetoprotectthem.Treeswerechoppedforfirewoodorconstructionwithoutregardtotheenvironmentalcosts.Governmentforestersweresupposedtomakesurethetreeswereproperlymanaged,buttherewerenotenoughofthemtopoliceacountrynearlytwicethesizeofTexas.

Butovertime,farmersbegantoregardthetreesintheirfieldsastheirproperty,andinrecentyearsthegovernmenthasrecognizedthebenefitsofthatoutlookbyallowingindividualstoowntrees.Farmersmakemoneyfromthetreesbysellingbranches,pods,fruitandbark.Becausethosesalesaremorelucrativeovertimethansimplychoppingdownthetreeforfirewood,thefarmerspreservethem.

Thegreeningbeganinthemid-1980s,Dr.Reijsaid,“andeverytimewewentbacktoNiger,thescaleincreased.”

“Thedensityissospectacular.”hesaid.

MahamaneLarwanou,aforestryexpertattheUniversityofNiameyinNiger’scapital,saidtheregrowthoftreeshadtransformedrurallifeinNiger.

“Thebenefitsaresomanyitisreallyastonishing,”Dr.Larwanousaid.“Thefarmerscansellthebranchesformoney.Theycanfeedthepodsasfoddertotheiranimals.Theycanselloreattheleaves.Theycansellandeatthefruits.Treesaresovaluabletofarmers,sotheyprotectthem.”

Theyalsohaveextraordinaryecologicalbenefits.Theirrootsfixthesoilinplace,preventingitfrombeingcarriedoffwiththefierceSahelianwindsandpreservingarableland.Therootsalsohelpholdwaterintheground,ratherthanlettingitrunoffacrossrocky,barrenfieldsintogullieswhereitfloodsvillagesanddestroyscrops.

Onetreeinparticular,theFaidherbiaalbida,knownlocallyasthegaotree,isparticularlyessential.Itisanitrogen-fixingtree,whichhelpsfertilizethesoil.

Itsleavesfalloffduringtherainyseason,whichmeansitdoesnotcompetewithcropsforwater,sunornutrientsduringthegrowingperiod.Theleavesthemselvesbecomeorganicfertilizerwhentheyfall.

47.Theword“arable”inthethirdparagraphfromthebottomcanbesubstitutedby（）.

48.Thedenudingofvastswathsoflandwasnotcausedby（）.

49.Asmallchangeinhumanbehaviorcan（）.

50.Todaythelawhaschangedto（）.

51.Thebenefitsoftreestofarmersdoesnotinclude（）.

52.（）isnotanecologicalbenefitofthetreesinruralNiger.

问题1选项

A.landincapableofgrowingcrops

B.landcapableofgrowingcrops

C.landwhichisbeneficialtovegetation

D.landwhichdoesharmtovegetation

问题2选项

A.severedroughtinthe1970’sand80’s

B.populationexplosion

C.destructivefarmslivestockpractices

D.civilwaramongthepeople

问题3选项

A.transformtheregionalecology

B.restorebiodiversity

C.restoreproductivity

D.alltheabove

问题4选项

A.regardtreesaspropertyoftheState

B.makesuretreesareproperlymanaged

C.imposestiffpenaltiesonpeoplewhocuttreesforfirewood

D.allowindividualstoowntrees

问题5选项

A.sellingbranchesformoney

B.feedingpodsasfoddertotheiranimals

C.sellingandeatingleavesandfruits

D.treesdepletingsoilofneededwater

问题6选项

A.ThatRootsfixthesoilinplaceandsomearenitrogenfixing

B.Preventingsoilfrombeingcarriedoffbyfiercewinds

C.Preservingarableland

D.Takingnutrientsfromcropsduringthegrowingperiod

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:D

第6题:D

【解析】47.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】词义辨析题。根据题干可以定位到文章倒数第三段倒数第二句Theirrootsfixthesoilinplace,preventingitfrombeingcarriedoffwiththefierceSahelianwindsandpreservingarableland.（树的根可以防止水土流失，阻止土壤被.萨赫勒地区的狂风刮走以及保护耕地。）“arable”在这句的意思是“可耕种的”，可以推断出选项B“能种庄稼的土地”正确。A选项“不能种植庄稼的土地”，正好与文章内容相反，可排除。C选项“有利于植被生长的土地”，文章没有提到植被生长土地，可排除。D选项“对植物有害的土地”，文章没有提到这个内容，可排除。因此B选项正确。

48.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到第一段第一句Severedroughtinthe1970sand80s,coupledwithapopulationexplosionanddestructivefarmingandlivestockpractices,wasdenudingvastswathsofland.（20世纪70年代和80年代的严重干旱，加上人口爆炸和破坏性的农业和畜牧业，正在侵蚀大片土地）这句话提到了大面积的土地被剥夺的原因是Severedroughtinthe1970sand80’s,coupledwithapopulationexplosionanddestructivefarmingandlivestockpractices。D“人民之间的内战”，不符合文章内容，D选项正确。A选项“七十年代和八十年代的严重干旱”，符合文章内容，A选项排除。B选项“人口爆炸”，文章提到，人口爆炸，B选项符合文章内容。C选项“农场和家畜的破坏性行为”，符合文章内容，C选项排除。因此D选项正确。

49.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干可以定位到文章第二段最后一句howrelativelysmallchangesinhumanbehaviorcantransformtheregionalecology,restoringitsbiodiversityandproductivity（人类行为中相对较小的变化如何改变区域生态，恢复其生物多样性和生产力）。A选项“改造区域生态”、B选项“恢复生物多样性”、C选项“恢复生产力”，A、B、C选项都符合文章内容，D选项“以上全对”正确。因此D选项正确。

50.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据文章第五段第一句inrecentyearsthegovernmenthasrecognizedthebenefitsofthatoutlookbyallowingindividualstoowntrees.（近年来，政府已经认识到这种前景的好处，允许个人拥有树木），可知，政府允许个人拥有树木，故选项D“允许个人拥有树木”为答案选项。A选项“把树木视为国家财产”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除。B选项“确保树木得到妥善管理”，没有提到政府确保树木得到妥善管理。C选项“对砍伐树木作为柴火的人处以严厉的惩罚”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除。因此D选项正确。

51.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章倒数第四段第二句Thefarmerscansellthebranchesformoney.Theycanfeedthepodsasfoddertotheiranimals.Theycanselloreattheleaves.Theycansellandeatthefruits.（农民们可以卖树枝来赚钱。他们可以把豆荚当作饲料喂动物。他们可以卖或吃树叶。他们可以卖水果，吃水果）。D选项“树木耗尽土壤所需的水分”，文章没有提到这个内容，可排除。A选项“卖树枝赚钱”，文章提到农民可以依靠卖树枝来挣钱，A选项排除。B选项“用豆荚喂养动物”，文章提到把豆荚作为饲料喂养动物，可排除B选项。C选项“卖和吃树叶和水果”，符合文章内容。因此D选项正确。

52.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据倒数第三段第一、二句Theyalsohaveextraordinaryecologicalbenefits.Theirrootsfixthesoilinplace,preventingitfrombeingcarriedoffwiththefierceSahelianwindsandpreservingarableland（它们的根固定住土壤，防止它被凶猛的萨赫勒风带走，保护可耕种的土地），D选项“在作物生长期间从作物中获取营养”，文章没有提到会从作物中获取营养，D选项符合题意。A选项“这些根可以固定土壤，有些还可以固定氮”，A选项可排除。B选项“防止土壤被狂风吹走”，文章提到它被凶猛的萨赫勒风带走，B选项可排除。C选项“保护耕地”，文章提到保护可耕种的土地，C选项可排除。因此D选项正确。

8.单选题

（）theadvancesofsciencethediscomfortsofoldagewillnodoubtalwaysbewithus.

问题1选项

A.Asfor

B.Except

C.Besides

D.Despite

【答案】D

【解析】考查介词。A:asfor“至于”；B:except“除……之外”；C:besides“除……之外（还有）”；D:despite“尽管”。句意：尽管科学不断发展，老年的疼痛无疑总是伴随着我们。结合此处语境，D为正确答案。

9.单选题

Manyadultsmaythinktheyaregettingenoughshut-eye,butinamajorsleepstudyalmost80percentofrespondentsadmittedtonotgettingtheirprescribedamountofnightlyrest.So,whatexactlyistherightamountofsleep?Researchshowsthatadultsneedanaverageofseventoninehoursofsleepanightforoptimalfunctionality.Readontoseejusthowmuchofanimpactmoderatesleepdeprivationcanhaveonyourmindandbody.

Bygettinglessthansixhoursofsleepanight,youcouldbeputtingyourselfatriskofhighbloodpressure.Whenyousleep,