考研考博-英语-四川国际标榜职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川国际标榜职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

ItiscommonlybelievedintheUnitedStatesthatschooliswherepeoplegotogetaneducation.Nevertheless,ithasbeensaidthattodaychildreninterrupttheireducationtogotoschool.Thedistinctionbetweenschoolingandeducationimpliedbythisremarkisimportant.

Educationismuchmoreopen-endedandall-inclusivethanschooling.Educationknowsnobounds.Itcantakeplaceanywhere,whetherintheshoweroronthejob,whetherinakitchenoronatractor.Itincludesboththeformallearningthattakesplaceinschoolsandthewholeuniverseofinformallearning.Theagentsofeducationcanrangefromareveredgrandparenttothepeopledebatingpoliticsontheradio,fromachildtoadistinguishedscientist.Whereasschoolinghascertainpredictability,educationquiteoftenproducessurprises.Achanceconversationwithstrangermayleadapersontodiscoverhowlittleisknownofotherreligions.Peopleareengagedineducationfrominfancyon.Education,then,isaverybroad,inclusiveterm.Itisalifelongprocess,aprocessthatstartslongbeforethestartofschool,andonethatshouldbeanintegralpartofone’sentirelife.

Schooling,ontheotherhand,isspecific,formalizedprocess,whosegeneralpatternvarieslittlefromonesettingtothenext.Throughoutacountry,childrenarriveatschoolatapproximatelythesametime,takeassignedseats,aretaughtbyanadult,usesimilartextbooks,dohomework,takeexams,andsoon.Theslicesofrealitythataretobelearned,whethertheyarethealphabetoranunderstandingoftheworkingsofgovernment,haveusuallybeenlimitedbytheboundariesofthesubjectbeingtaught.Forexample,highschoolstudentsknowthattheyarenotlikelytofindoutintheirclassesthetruthaboutpoliticalproblemsintheircommunitiesorwhatthenewestfilmmakersareexperimentingwith.Therearedefiniteconditionssurroundingtheformalizedprocessofschooling.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

2.Whatdoestheauthorprobablymeanbyusingtheexpression“Childreninterrupttheireducationtogotoschool”(Sent.2,Para.1)?

3.Thephrase“Forexample,”(Sent.4,Para.3),introducesasentencethatgivesexamplesof______.

4.Thepassagesupportswhichofthefollowingconclusions?

5.Thepassageisorganizedby______.

问题1选项

A.Thebestschoolsteachawidevarietyofsubjects.

B.Educationandschoolingarequitedifferentexperiences.

C.Studentsbenefitfromschools,whichrequirelonghoursandhomework.

D.Themoreyearsstudentsgotoschoolthebettertheireducationis.

问题2选项

A.Goingtoseveraldifferentschoolsiseducationallybeneficial.

B.Schoolvacationsinterruptthecontinuityoftheschoolyear.

C.Summerschoolmakestheschoolyeartoolong.

D.Alloflifeisaneducation.

问题3选项

A.similartextbooks

B.theresultsofschooling

C.theworkingsofagovernment

D.theboundariesofclassroomsubject

问题4选项

A.Withoutformaleducation,peoplewouldremainignorant.

B.Educationsystemsneedtoberadicallyreformed.

C.Goingtoschoolisonlypartofhowpeoplebecomeeducated.

D.Educationinvolvesmanyyearsofprofessionaltraining.

问题5选项

A.listinganddiscussingseveraleducationalproblems

B.contrastingthemeaningsoftworelatedwords

C.narratingastoryaboutexcellentteachers

D.givingexamplesofdifferentkindsofschools

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章开头提出学校教育和教育之间的区别，接着分别介绍了两者不同的特点。因此B选项“教育和学校教育是完全不同的经历”最能概括文章主旨。A选项“最好的学校教授各种各样的科目”，C选项“学生从学校中受益，学校要求长时间的学习和家庭作业”，D选项“学生上学的年数越多，他们的教育就越好”在文中均没有提及，所以A,C,D错误。

2.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段第二句Nevertheless,ithasbeensaidthattodaychildreninterrupttheireducationtogotoschool.（而现在却有人认为孩子们上学打断了他们受教育的过程。），说明有些人认为教育是一个终身的过程，去学校上学反而打断了这一过程。因此D选项“整个人生都是一种教育”正确。A选项“去几个不同的学校在教育上是有益的”，B选项“学校放假打断了学年的连续性”，C选项“暑期学校使学年太长”在文中均没有提及，所以A,B,C错误。

3.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段第四句Forexample,highschoolstudentsknowthattheyarenotlikelytofindoutintheirclassesthetruthaboutpoliticalproblemsintheircommunitiesorwhatthenewestfilmmakersareexperimentingwith.（例如，高中生们知道，在课堂上他们没法弄清楚他们社区里政治问题的真情，也不会了解到最新潮的电影制片人在做哪些尝试。），该句Forexample之后列举的例子是为了说明前文的haveusuallybeenlimitedbytheboundariesofthesubjectbeingtaught（往往受到了学科范围的限制）。因此D选项“课堂学科的限制”正确。A选项“类似的教科书”，B选项“学校教育的结果”，C选项“一个政府的工作方式”均不符合题意，所以A,B,C错误。

4.推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了学校教育和教育的区别，学校教育只是教育的一部分，除此之外人们还有许多其他接受教育的形式。因此C选项“上学只是人们受教育方式的一部分”正确。A选项“没有正规的教育，人们就会保持无知”，B选项“教育系统需要进行彻底的改革”，D选项“教育涉及多年的专业培训”在文中均没有提及，所以A,B,D错误。

5.观点态度题。结合全文来看，作者首先提出教育和学校教育两个相关的概念，接着分别介绍了它们的特点和区别，所以本文的行文线索是对比教育和学校教育这两个相关词汇的概念。因此B选项“对比两个相关词汇的含义”正确。A选项“列出并讨论了几个教育问题”，C选项“叙述了一个关于优秀教师的故事”，D选项“举例说明不同类型的学校”在文中均没有提及，所以A,C,D错误。

2.单选题

African-Americanwomenpoetsalso（）totheliteraryachievementoftheHarlemRenaissance,particularlyintheirarticulationofrace,classandgenderissues.

问题1选项

A.contributed

B.approached

C.adapted

D.elevated

【答案】A

【解析】句意:非裔美国女性诗人也对哈莱姆文艺复兴吋期的文学成就做出了贡献，尤其是她们在种族、阶级和性别问题上的表达。

考查动词辨析。选项均为对应动词的过去式。contribute贡献，出力，投稿，捐献；approach接近，着手处理；adapt使适应，改编；elevate提升，维起，振奋情绪等。

3.单选题

Theirsolutionwastoenrolltheirchildreninprivateschools,which,becausetheyreceivednotaxmoney,werefreetooperatewithoutbeingsubjecttoracial（）.

问题1选项

A.discrimination

B.segregation

C.controversy

D.apportionment

【答案】A

【解析】名词词义辨析。discrimination“歧视”；segregation“隔离”；controversy“争论”；apportionment“分派”。句意：他们的解决方法就是将他们的孩子送入私立学校，因为他们不收取任何税款，并且没有种族歧视。选项A符合题意。

4.单选题

Theheavilypopulatedareawasabreedingplacefor（）diseases.

问题1选项

A.infectious

B.powerful

C.influential

D.suspicious

【答案】A

【解析】infectious传染的；powerful强大的；influential有影响力的；suspicious可疑的。句意：人口稠密的地区是传染病的滋生地。选项A符合句意。

5.单选题

"Theprojectgoalisforstudentstobuildcomplexandinterestingsentencesand（）,wholeparagraphs."Theteacherexplains.

问题1选项

A.foremost

B.ultimately

C.readily

D.intimately

【答案】B

【解析】副词辨析题。foremost首要的，最先的；ultimately最终，根本；readily容易地，乐意地；intimately熟悉地，亲密地。句意：“该项目的目标是让学生构建复杂有趣的句子，最终形成完整的段落。”老师解释道。选项B符合句意。

6.单选题

Youneedtorewritethissentencebecauseitis

;thereaderswillhavedifficultyinunderstandingit.

问题1选项

A.comprehensive

B.alternative

C.confused

D.ambiguous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。Comprehensive“综合的”；alternative“供选择的”；confused“困惑的”；ambiguous“模糊不清的”。句意：你需要重写这个句子，因为它模糊不清，读者理解起来会有困难。选项D符合题意。

7.单选题

Thereferenceshemadetoherfriend,thepoet,wasinterestingbuttoo（）foranyonetoappreciate.

问题1选项

A.drastic

B.dull

C.obscure

D.distinct

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项drastic“激烈的；猛烈的”；B选项dull“钝的；迟钝的；无趣的；呆滞的”；C选项obscure“昏暗的；晦涩的；不清楚的；隐蔽的”；D选项distinct“明显的；独特的；清楚的；有区别的”。句意：她对她诗人朋友的提及尽管令人关注，但是却太晦涩而没有人能理解。根据句中“buttoo但是却太”可知“晦涩的”符合语境，因此C选项正确。

8.填空题

Don'ttrytousethatprinter.It'sbeenoutof（

）forages.Idon’tknowwhytheystillhaven’trepairedit.

【答案】order

【解析】固定搭配。outoforder发生故障。

9.单选题

Thereareover6,000differentcomputerandonlinegamesintheworldnow.Asegmentofthemareconsideredtobebotheducationalandharmlesslyentertaining.Onesuchgameteachesgeography,andanothertrainspilots.Otherstraintheplayerinlogicalthinkingandproblemsolving.Somegamesmayalsohelpyoungpeopletobecomemorecomputerliterate,whichismoreimportantinthistechnology-drivenera.

Butthedarksideofthecomputergameshasbecomemoreandmoreobvious.“Asegmentofgamesfeaturesanti-socialthemesofviolence,sexandcrudelanguage,”saysDavidWalsh,presidentoftheNationalInstituteonMediaandFamily.“Unfortunately,it’sasegmentthatseemsparticularlypopularwithkidsagedeighttofifteen.”

Onestudyshowedthatalmost80percentofthecomputerandonlinegamesyoungpeoplepreferredcontainedviolence.Theinvestigatorssaid,“Thesearenotjustgamesanymore.Thesearelearningmachines.We’reteachingkidsinthemostincrediblemannerwhatit’sliketopullthetrigger.Whattheyarenotlearningarethereal-lifeconsequences.’’

Theyalsosaid,"Thenewandmoresophisticatedgamesareevenworse,becausetheyhavebettergraphicsandallowtheplayertoparticipateinevenmorerealisticviolentacts.”InthegameCarmageddon,forexample,theplayerwillhavedrivenoverandkilledupto33,000peoplebythetimealllevelsarecompleted.Adescriptionoftheoutcomeofthegamesays:“Yourvictimsnotonlysquishunderyourtiresandsplatterbloodonthewindshield.Theyalsogetontheirkneesandbegformercy,orcommitsuicide.Ifyoulike,youcanalsodismemberthem.”

Isallthissimulatedviolenceharmful?Approximately3,000differentstudieshavebeenconductedonthissubject.Manyhavesuggestedthatthereisaconnectionbetweenviolenceingamesandincreasedaggressivenessintheplayers.

Somespecialistsdownplaytheinfluenceofthegames,sayingthatotherfactorsmustbetakenintoconsideration,suchasthepossibilitythatkidswhoalreadyhaveviolenttendenciesarechoosingsuchgames.Butcoulditbethatviolentgamesstillplayacontributingrole?Itseemsunrealistictoinsistthatpeoplearenotinfluencedbywhattheysee.Ifthatweretrue,whywouldthecommercialworldspendbillionsofdollarsannuallyfortelevisionadvertising?

1.WhichofthefollowingcomputergamesareNOTmentionedaseducationalandharmlesslyentertaining?（

）

2.Accordingtotheinvestigators,（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（

）.

4.Theauthoruses“televisionadvertising”asanexampletoshowthat（

）.

问题1选项

A.Thosethatteachhowtoflyanairplane.

B.Thosethatteachthefeaturesoftheearth.

C.Thosethathelppeopleusecomputerlanguage.

D.Thosethatteachcomputertechnology.

问题2选项

A.thenewandmoresophisticatedgamesallowtheplayerstotakepartinrealviolentacts

B.thenewandmoresophisticatedgamesteachtheplayershowtokillotherpeople

C.mostcomputerandonlinegamesmaketheplayersforgettherealliferesults

D.mostcomputerandonlinegamesmaycultivateyoungpeoplewithbadmanners

问题3选项

A.moreandmoreyoungpeopleenjoycruelcomputergames

B.itishardtofindevidenceofalinkbetweenviolenceandcomputergames

C.therearenowmoreincidentsofviolenceduetocomputergames

D.simulatedviolenceincomputergamesisdifferentfromrealviolence

问题4选项

A.thecommercialworldiscontributingtotheincreasedviolenceinreallife

B.computerandonlinegamesarenottheonlycauseofincreasedviolenceinreallife

C.thereisacloselinkbetweencomputergamesandincreasedviolenceinreallife

D.otherfactorsmustbeconsideredaspossiblecausesofviolenceinreallife

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:C

【解析】第1题:1.细节题。根据题干关键词educationalandharmlesslyentertaining定位到第一段。首段第三句teachesgeography,trainspilots分别对应选项B和A；首段第五句helpyoungpeopletobecomemorecomputerliterate对应选项D，只有C项文中没有提到。

2.细节题。文章第三段和第四段分别陈述了电子游戏和网络游戏所带来的负面影响。A、B、C项都是其表现，D项是前面选项的总结，即使青少年养成不良习惯。

3.逻辑推理。文章通篇都在讲电子游戏和网络游戏对青少年以及社会的负面影响。

4.细节题。根据题干关键词“televisionadvertising”定位至最后一段。举例是为了论证

peopleareinfluencedbywhattheysee（人们会受到所见内容的影响），也就是说，游戏会影响到人们的行为，暴力游戏可能让人有暴力倾向，因此C选项正确。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

10.单选题

Topullapersonalitytogethertakesinnerreservesofpowerd（

）from

beyondoneself.

问题1选项

A.assimilated

B.accumulated

C.congregated

D.infiltrated

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析。句意:人格形成需要内在的力量储存，这些力量不仅仅是自己积累出来的。

assimilated吸收；使同化；把...比作；使相似。accumulated累积。congregated聚集。infiltrated（使）透过，（使）浸入。

11.单选题

Itisquitenecessaryforaqualifiedteachertohavegoodmannersand（

）knowledge.

问题1选项

A.extensive

B.expansive

C.intensive

D.expensive

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。extensive“广泛的，大量的”；expansive“广阔的”；intensive“密集的，加强的”；expensive“昂贵的”。句意：一个合格的老师要有良好的修养和广博的知识，这是非常重要的。选项A符合题意。

12.单选题

Contagiousyawningisthoughttobeanevolvedmechanismforkeepinggroupsalertsotheyremainvigilantagainstdanger.

问题1选项

A.watchful

B.incontinent

C.stifled

D.vigorous

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.watchful注意的；警惕的B.incontinent（大小便）失禁的

C.stifled压制D.vigorous充满活力的

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】分析句子可知，for和so都是表示原因，那么推知forkeepinggroupsalert与sotheyremainvigilantagainstdanger是相近的意思，alert在这表示“警觉，警惕”，同样vigilant也表示“警惕”，所以A项词义与之相近，故该题选择A项。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D项词义不符合句中所选词汇。

【句意】传染性打哈欠被认为是一种进化的机制，以保持群体的警惕，从而保持对危险的警惕。

13.单选题

Don'ttrustthespeakeranymore,sincetheremarkshemadeinhislecturesarenever（）withthefacts.

问题1选项

A.symmetrical

B.comparative

C.compatible

D.harmonious

【答案】C

【解析】形容词词义辨析。symmetrical“匀称的，对称的”；comparative“比较的，相当的”；compatible“可兼容的”；harmonious“和谐的”。句意：不要再相信演讲者了，因为他在演讲中所讲的永远与事实不符。选项C符合题意。

14.单选题

Atsometimeinyourlifeyoumayhaveastrongdesiretodosomethingstrangeorterrible.However,chancesarethatyoudon’tactonyourimpulse,butletitpassinstead.Youknowthattocommittheactioniswronginsomewayandthatotherpeoplewillnotacceptyourbehavior.

Perhapsthemostinterestingthingaboutthephenomenonoftaboobehaviorishowitcanchangeovertheyearswithinthesamesociety,howcertainbehaviorandattitudesonceconsideredtaboocanbecomeperfectlyacceptableandnaturalatanotherpointintime.Topicssuchasdeath,forexample,wereonceconsideredsoupsettingandunpleasantthatitwasatabootoeventalkaboutthem.NowwiththepublicationofimportantbookssuchasOnDeathandDyingandLearningtoSayGoodbye,peoplehavebecomemoreawareoftheimportanceofexpressingfeelingsaboutdeathand,asaresult,aremorewillingtotalkaboutthistaboosubject.

OneofthenewesttaboosinAmericansocietyisthetopicoffat.Unlikemanyothertaboos,fatistopicthatAmericanstalkaboutconstantly.It’snottaboototalkaboutfat;it’stabootobefat.The“in”lookisthin,notfat.Intheworkworld,mostcompaniespreferyouthful-looking,trimexecutivestoselltheirimageaswellastheirproductstothepublic.Thethinlookisassociatedwithyouth,vigor,andsuccess.Thefatperson,ontheotherhand,isthoughtofaslazyandlackinginenergy,self-discipline,andself-respect.Inanimage-conscioussocietyliketheU.S.,thinis“in”,fatis“out”.

It’snotsurprising,then,thatmillionsofAmericanshavebecomeobsessedwithstayingslimand“inshape”.Thepursuitofayouthfulphysicalappearanceisnot,however,thesolereasonforAmerica’sfascinationwithdietandexercise.Recentresearchhasshownthecriticalimportanceofdietandexerciseforpersonalhealth.Asinmosttechnologicallydevelopednations,thelife-styleofNorthAmericanshaschangeddramaticallyduringthecourseofthelastcentury.Modernmachinesdoallthephysicallaborthatpeoplewereonceforcedtodobyhand.Carsandbusestransportusquicklyfrompointtopoint.Asaresultofinactivityanddisuse,people’sbodiescaneasilybecomeweakandvulnerabletodisease.Inanefforttoavoidsuchafate,millionsofAmericansarespendingmoreoftheirtimeexercising.

66.Fromthepassagewecaninfertaboois______.

67.Basedontheideaspresentedinthepassagewecanconclude“beingfat”_______inAmericansociety.

68.Thetopicoffatis______manyothertaboosubjects.

69.IntheU.S.,thinis“in”,fatis“out”,thismeans______.

70.Apartfromthisnewunderstandingofthecorrelationbetweenhealthandexercise,themainreasonthepassagegivesforwhysomanyAmericansareexercisingregularlyis______.

问题1选项

A.astrongdesiretodosomethingstrangeorterrible

B.acrimecommittedonimpulse

C.behaviorconsideredunacceptableinsociety’seyes

D.anunfavorableimpressionleftonotherpeople

问题2选项

A.willalwaysremainataboo

B.isnotconsideredataboobymostpeople

C.haslongbeenataboo

D.maynolongerbeataboosomeday

问题3选项

A.thesameas

B.differentfrom

C.morepopularthan

D.lessoftentalkedaboutthan

问题4选项

A.thinis“inside”,fatis“outside”

B.thinis“diligent”,fatis“lazy”

C.thinis“youthful”,fatis“spiritless”

D.thinis“fashionable”,fatis“unfashionable”

问题5选项

A.theirchangedlife-style

B.theireagernesstostaythinandyouthful

C.theirappreciationoftheimportanceofexercise

D.theencouragementtheyhavereceivedfromtheircompanies

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】66.推理判断题。题干意思是“从文章中我们可以推断禁忌是……”。根据第二段第一句Perhapsthemostinterestingthingaboutthephenomenonoftaboobehaviorishowitcanchangeovertheyearswithinthesamesociety,howcertainbehaviorandattitudesonceconsideredtaboocanbecomeperfectlyacceptableandnaturalatanotherpointintime.（也许关于禁忌行为现象最有趣的事情是它是如何在同一社会中随着时间的推移而改变的，某些曾经被认为是禁忌的行为和态度是如何在另一个时间点变得完全可接受和自然的）可知，某些曾经被认为是禁忌的行为和态度在另一个时间点变得完全可接受和自然的，那么可以推断禁忌是不可以被接受的一种行为，所以C项“被社会认为是不可接受的行为”正确。A项“想要做一些奇怪或可怕的事情的强烈欲望”是干扰项，在第一段中有原话Atsometimeinyourlifeyoumayhaveastrongdesiretodosomethingstrangeorterrible.（在你生命中的某些时候，你可能有强烈的欲望去做一些奇怪或可怕的事情），这是为了引出禁忌行为这个话题，不是禁忌的推断结果，所以A项不选；B项“冲动而犯的罪行”，文中没有提到罪行；D项“给别人留下不好的印象”太广泛，不能准确表述禁忌的含义。因此，该题选择C项正确。

67.推理判断题。题干意思是“根据文章中提出的观点，我们可以得出推断‘变得肥胖’在美国社会是……”。第二段第一句指出Perhapsthemostinterestingthingaboutthephenomenonoftaboobehaviorishowitcanchangeovertheyearswithinthesamesociety,howcertainbehaviorandattitudesonceconsideredtaboocanbecomeperfectlyacceptableandnaturalatanotherpointintime.（也许关于禁忌行为现象最有趣的事情是它是如何在同一社会中随着时间的推移而改变的，某些曾经被认为是禁忌的行为和态度是如何在另一个时间点变得完全可接受和自然的），可知禁忌行为在某一天可以变得能够接受；接着第三段讨论到了美国社会的肥胖问题，根据第三段第三句It’snottaboototalkaboutfat;it’stabootobefat.（谈论肥胖并不是禁忌，变得肥胖才是禁忌）可知变得肥胖在美国社会是一个禁忌，那么根据这两处可以推断，变得肥胖在美国社会中虽然是一个不可接受的禁忌行为，但是在某个时间点可能会变得可以接受，所以D项“在将来某一天可能不再是一个禁忌”符合题意。A项“将永远是一个禁忌”不符合原文；第三段第一句提到OneofthenewesttaboosinAmericansocietyisthetopicoffat.（关于肥胖的话题是美国社会最新的禁忌之一），B项“不被大多数人认为是禁忌”表述错误；C项“长期以来一直是禁忌”错误，文中提到肥胖是美国社会最新的禁忌，所以不可能长期以来都是。因此，该题选择D项正确。

68.细节事实题。题干意思是“关于肥胖的话题与许多其他禁忌话题相比，是……”。第三段第二句提到Unlikemanyothertaboos,fatistopicthatAmericanstalkaboutconstantly.（不像其他的禁忌，肥胖是美国人经常谈论的话题）可知，肥胖的话题不同于其他禁忌话题，所以B项“不同的”正确。A项“一样的”和D项“不常被讨论的”表述与原文相反；C项“更受欢迎的”为干扰项，文中指出禁忌是人们不能接受的行为，所以不可能会受到欢迎。因此，该题选择B项正确。

69.推理判断题。题干意思是“在美国，瘦是‘in’，胖是‘out’，这句话的意思是……”。根据第三段第五句Intheworkworld,mostcompaniespreferyouthful-looking,trimexecutivestoselltheirimageaswellastheirproductstothepublic.（在工作中，大多数公司更喜欢年轻、苗条的主管来向公众推销自己的形象和产品）和最后一句Inanimage-conscioussocietyliketheU.S.,thinis“in”,fatis“out”.（在像美国这样注重形象的社会里，瘦是“in”，胖是“out”）可知，在注重形象的美国社会，瘦的人才可以向大众推销形象和产品，那么可以推断瘦在美国代表时髦，而胖则是过时，所以D项“瘦是‘时尚’，胖是‘不时尚’”正确。A项“瘦是‘内’，胖是‘外’”不符合原文意思；B项“瘦是‘勤奋’，胖是‘懒惰’”文中没有提到瘦是勤奋；C项“瘦是‘年轻’，胖是‘无精打采’”为干扰项，第三段虽然提到Thethinlookisassociatedwithyouth,vigor,andsuccess.Thefatperson,ontheotherhand,isthoughtofaslazyandlackinginenergy,self-discipline,andself-respect.（瘦削的外表与年轻、活力和成功联系在一起。另一方面，胖人被认为懒惰、缺乏活力、自律和自尊。），但是C项表述比较片面。因此，该题选择D项正确。

70.细节事实题。题干意思是“除了对健康和锻炼之间的关系有了新的理解，这篇文章给出的为什么这么多美国人经常锻炼的主要原因是……”。在文章最后两句提到Asaresultofinactivityanddisuse,people’sbodiescaneasilybecomeweakandvulnerabletodisease.Inanefforttoavoidsuchafate,millionsofAmericansarespendingmoreoftheirtimeexercising.（由于不活动，人们的身体很容易变得虚弱和容易得病。为了避免这样的命运，数百万美国人把更多的时间花在锻炼上。），由此可知，美国人花时间锻炼的原因是为了保持健康，即他们认识到锻炼的重要性，所以C项“他们对锻炼重要性的认识”符合题意。A项“他们生活方式的改变”是现代机器取代体力劳动的结果；B项“他们对保持苗条和青春的渴望”是美国人想要变瘦的原因，因为瘦代表着时髦；D项“他们从公司得到的鼓励”最后一段没有提到。因此，该题选择B项正确。

15.单选题

Nearlyathirdofparentssaytheyfeel（）intotheirhomesbutcannotaffordtomovetoabiggerproperty,areportrevealstoday.

问题1选项

A.squealed

B.squeezed

C.squared

D.sneezed

【答案】B

【解析】考查形近词辨析。空格前是feel，因此空格处应填形容词。squealed“大声尖叫的”；persistent”固执的；坚持的“；squeezed”挤压的，拥挤的“；squared”方格的“。句意：今日公布的一份报告显示，近三分之一的父母表示，他们觉得自己的家……，但却买不起更大的房子。因此选项B符合题意。

16.不定项选择题

Thefirstreactiononehastothequestionofviableapproachestothecontrolofchemicalandbiologicalweaponsisthattherearenosuchapproaches.Anditismostdifficulttodispensewiththisfirstreaction.Thereasonsarethatthenations,includingsomeofthesmallerones,arealreadydownstreamtoofar.ThelargerstoresofweaponsforCBwarfaremayberestrictedtothemajorpowers,butthereislittledoubtthatanincreasingcapabilityisproliferatingtosomeofthesmalleranddevelopingcountries.Whatusedtobelargelyapictureofresearchhasturnedtodevelopment,anddevelopmenthasturnedtomanufacturingandstockpiling.Thesubjectisshroudedinsecrecyanditisthesecrecywhichseemstoprovideanonstopmomentumtorealizethefullpotentialofthesetypesofweapons.Noonereallyknowswhatsomeoneelsemayhavereadyforemploymentinamilitarysituation.ThelargeandexpensiveprogramsintheUnitedStatesandRussiaareattributedtoeachother’s“largeandexpensiveprograms”.Knowledgeandcapabilityrequiredfordetectionanddefensearetiedtoknowledgeandcapabilityforretaliation.The“nofirstuse”policyoftheUnitedStatesandothermajornationsimpliesthatthisretaliationbeinkind,andthisrequiresthatweaponsoftheCBclassbeavailable.

Aphilosophyofmutualdeterrence(制约)isdevelopinginCBwarfarecomparabletothatinnuclearwarfare.Infact,muchoftheliteratureonthesubjectrepeatsthatthestalemateinthelatteropensuptheneedforcapabilityintheformer.Asanarmsrace,CBWdoesnotpresentthespiralingcostsoftheICBM-ABMsystems,henceamovementtoCBweapons(especiallychemical)amongsomesmallernations.Sofarasthemajorpowersareconcerned,theelementsinCBWwhichareincommonwiththenucleararmsraceincludethenow-acceptedapproachtothatrace.ThusindiscussingcontrolofCBwarfare,aneditorialintheBritishjournal,Nature,concluded:“Thebalanceofterrorbetweenthegreatpowerblocsmaynotbetoeverybody’staste,butitisprobablystillthebestwayofavoidingWar.”

1.Itcanbeinferredthatthecontrolofchemicalandbiologicalwarfare（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTgivenasacauseforthecontinueddevelopmentofCBweapons?

3.ThewriterintheBritishjournalmightfeelthattheresearchanddevelopmentofCBsystemsshouldbe（）.

4.ThejustificationfortheUnitedStates’participationinCBwarfareprogramsismainlyduetothe（）.

5.Themainpurposeofthisarticleisto（）.

问题1选项

A.islesscostlythancontrollingothersystemsofwarfare

B.maynotbepossibleornecessarilydesirable

C.isinthehandsoftheUnitedStatesandRussia

D.shouldbecomeamatterofprimeimportance

问题2选项

A.Thehostilitiesbetweenthenationsinvolved.

B.TheneedtobeabletodetectaCBattack.

C.OtherweaponsprogramsaremorecostlythanthedevelopmentofaCBsystem.

D.Thecountriesinvolvedareunawareofwhattheothersaredoing.

问题3选项

A.encouragedandexpanded

B.conductedonlybythemajorpowers

C.immediatelyhalted

D.maintainedasitisnow

问题4选项

A.needforundetectableweaponry

B.costlinessofthenuclearprograms

C.Russia’shavingsuchaprogram

D.abilityofmodernresearchtodevelopthem

问题5选项

A.showtheindifferenceinstoppingCBwarfareprograms

B.explainthecostofCBwarfare

C.discussalternativestoCBwarfare

D.makethereaderawareofthedangersofCBwarfare

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:判断推理题。由thecontrolofchemicalandbiologicalwarfare定位到文章第一段“Thefirstreactiononehastothequestionofviableapproachestothecontrolofchemicalandbiologicalweaponsisthattherearenosuchapproaches…”，即人们对控制化学和生物武器的可行办法问题的第一反应是觉得根本没有这种办法，并且研究生化武器的能力正扩散到一些较小和发展中的国家。这说明控制生化武器也许是不可能的，或者说不能令人满意。A选项“isless