虚拟语气 公开课课件

GrammarThesubjunctivemood虚拟语气一种特殊的动词形式表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。虚拟语气(TheSubjunctiveMood)条件句中的虚拟语气名词性从句中的虚拟语气

状语从句中的虚拟语气几种特殊句式的虚拟语气虚拟语气的主要内容IfwehadasingleflowerforeverytimeIthinkaboutyou,Icouldwalkforeverinmygarden.假如每次想起你我都会得到一朵鲜花，那么我将永远在花丛中徜徉。Ifyouwereateardropinmyeye,forfearoflosingyou,Iwouldnevercry.如果你是我眼里的一滴泪；为了不失去你，我将永不哭泣。Ifwecanonlyencountereachotherratherthanstaywitheachother,thenIwishwehadneverencountered.如果只是遇见，不能停留，不如不遇见。Ifyouweptforthemissingsunset,youwouldmissalltheshiningstars.如果你为错过夕阳而哭泣，那么你就要错过群星了。Ifwintercomes,canspringbefarbehind?春天来了，冬天还会远吗？时间条件从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去将来过去式:(be)常用werewould/could/might/should+do过去完成式:had+donewould/could/might/should+havedone①weretodoshould+do③过去式would/could/might/should+do1.条件句中的虚拟语气Translatethefollowingsentences:如果我是鸟，我就会飞。如果明天下雨，我们就不得不推迟运动会。如果你起得早点，你就能赶上这趟火车了。省略、倒装Translatethefollowingsentence:如果你上周听从医生的建议，你现在也就好了。Ifyouhadfollowedthedoctor’sadvicelastweek,youwouldbeallrightnow.

与过去相反与现在相反各自为准Ifthestaff

hadbeen

morecareful,

themall

wouldnotbe

onfirenow.宾语从句1）wish引导的宾语从句中的虚拟语气表示与事实相反的一种愿望2.名词性从句中的虚拟语气Iwisheveryfamilyhadalargehousewithabeautifulgarden.IwishIhadbeenwithyouyesterday.IwishIwouldgotothemoononeday.IwishI

were

astallasyou.Iwisheveryday

were

mybirthday.IwishI

hadn’t

eatensomuchwatermelon.Thepartywasterrible,IwishIhadnevergonetoit.Iwishit

raintomorrow.would2)表建议；要求；命令的词一坚持二命令三建议四要求insistorder;commandadvise;suggest;proposerequiredemand;desire;request;Sheinsistedthatshewas

right.（坚持事实）Hisuncleinsiststhatheshould

notstayinthehotel.Thelookonhisfacesuggestedthathewas

unhappy.Isuggestedthattheteachers’wages(should)beincreased.Insist表示“坚决要求”时，用虚拟形式，即should+do;Insist表示“坚持认为;坚持说”时，用陈述语气表示事实。Suggest表示“建议”时，用虚拟形式。Suggest表示“表明、暗示”时，用陈述语气。1).Iwouldratherhewereherenow.2).Iwouldratheryoucame

nextSunday.

3).Iwouldratheryouhadseenthefilmyesterday.3).Wouldrather的虚拟语气did/werehaddone现在/将来过去wouldrather(that)

1)建议；要求；命令等名词

●Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)doour homeworkfirst.

●Heagreedtomysuggestionthatwe (should)doourhomeworkfirst.

●Itismysuggestionthatwe(should)do ourhomeworkfirst.2.主语；表语；同位语从句1）asif/asthough Helooksaftertheboyasifhewerehisownson. Hetalkedasifhehadbeentherebefore. Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.3.状语从句中的虚拟语气注意：如果从句表达的情况与现实相吻合，则不用虚拟语气。asif/asthough+从句过去式(对现在的虚拟)过去完成时(对过去的虚拟)ShetalksaboutRomeasthoughshe

had

beenthereherself.2）evenif;eventhough

EvenifIwererich,Iwouldwork. EvenifIhadbeenthereintimeIcouldn’thavedoneit.Evenif;eventhough引导让步状语从句，如果其含义与事实相反，其动词用虚拟语气，从句以及主句的谓语动词的形式与条件句中的形式相同。1.It’s(high)time+(that)should(不省)

+v.过去时你该走了。我们该去睡觉了。It’stimethatyouwent.It’stimethatyoushouldgo.It’stimethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.4.特殊句式中的虚拟语气Exercises1.Iamnotfreetoday.IfI___freetoday,I__andvisitsomeofmyfriends.A.am,willgoB.were,wouldgoC.was,shouldgoD.be,mustgo2.Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe___inturn,you___tired.A.haddriven,wouldnothavegotB.haddriven,wouldnotgetC.drove,wouldnotget

D.drove,wouldnothavegot

BA4.Iwenttobedearlylastnight,butIwishI

so.A.didn’tdoB.hadn’tdoneC.haven’tdoneD.couldn’tdo5.HowIwisheveryfamily____alargehousewithabeautifulgarden.A.hasB.hadC.willhadD.hadhad6.Theteacherorderedthatstudents_______.A.mustn’tsmokeB.notsmokeC.smokedD.hadsmoked7.Theteacherdemandedthework_____before4o’clock.A.finishedB.finishC.shouldfinish D.befinished

BBBD8.Hegaveanadvicethatthey____eachother.A.helpedB.musthelpC.helpD.hadhelped9.Mysuggestionisthatafewmorepeople___theretohelpthem.A.besentB.havesentC.sentD.shouldsentCA10.Itwasorderedthatnosmoking____inthelibrary.A.shouldallowB.beallowedC.willbeallowedD.isallowedB11.Itishightimethathe______immediately.A.CouldleaveB.willleaveC.shouldleaveD.leaves12.IfonlyI_____howtooperateacomputerasyoudo!A.hadknownB.wouldknowC.shouldknowD.knew13.Isitnecessarythathe_____theexamination?A.takes B.hastotakeC.musttake D.take14.Itisstrangethathe_____youthis.A.wouldtellB.shouldtellC.hadtoldD.hastold15.Itwasorderedthatnosmoking____inthelibrary.A.shouldallowB.beallowedC.willbeallowedD.isallowedDBB16.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_______.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken17.Thetwostrangerstalkedasifthey_______friendsforyears.A.ShouldbeB.wouldbeC.havebeenD.hadbeen18.

Thewoundedmanstoppedbreathing.He______eventhoughhe______tohospitalimmediately.wasn’tsaved;wassentwould’thavebeensaved;hadbeensentwould’tbesaved;wassentwon’tbesaved;issent19.Alan___thepartyifhehadgonetoLondon.A.wouldhavemissedB.hadmissedC.wouldmissD.missed20.—Itwasthedrug，notthedisease，thatkilledtheboy.—Hewouldbestillalivetodayifhe___thatdrug.A.nottake

B.shouldn’thavetakenC.didn’ttake

D.hadn’ttaken21.IfonlyI___tomyparents!(ButIdidn’t.)A.listenedB.hadlistenedC.shouldlistenD.wouldlisten22.TomsuggestedthatAnn___thehouse.A.sellB.soldC.shallsellD.wouldsell23.Iwishthisbus___totheuniversity.A.goB.wentC.hasgoneD.hadgone24.Simonlooksasthoughhenever___asquaremeal(吃得饱),thoughhisparentsfeedhimverywell.A.getB.gettingC.gotD.shouldget25.HeistalkingsomuchaboutAmericaasifhe___there.A.hadbeenB.wereC.wasD.been26.I___yousomemoney,butIhadn’tgotanythen.A.wouldlendB.wouldhavelentC.couldlendD.mayhave

lent27.–HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?--No,butIwishI___.A.haveB.willC.doD.had28.Idon’tthinkitistherighttimethatyou__.A.willgoB.wentC.goD.mustgo

29.(2003上海春季)LookatthetroubleIamin!IfonlyI________youradvice.A.followedB.wouldfollowC.hadfollowed

D.shouldfollow30.ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI________inlove，attheageofseven，withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.A.wouldn’thavefallen

B.hadnotfallenC.shouldfall

D.weretofall31.Sheinsistedthatshe________illofhimbehindhim，buthedidn’tbelieveit.A.hadn’tspoken

B.shouldn’tspeakC.wouldn’tspeak

D.notspeak32.Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor，you________allrightnow.A.are

B.wereC.wouldbe

D.wouldhavebeen33.I’dratheryou________knowthesecret.A.didn’t

B.hadn’t

C.not

D.notto34.Withoutyourhelp，we________thistask.A.don’tfinish

B.willnotfinishC.didn’tfinish

D.wouldnothavefinished35.Itishightimethechild________tothehospital.A.issent

B.wouldbesentC.besent

D.weresent36.Ifit________sohard，we’dgototown.A.isn’training

B.weren’trainingC.doesn’train

D.hasrain37.It’sstrangethathe________withoutsayinggood-byeto