考研考博-英语-中南大学押题密卷附带答案详解篇1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-中南大学押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Ⅶ.(CivilandCommercialLaw)

AnglicanArchbishopRowanWilliamssetoffaninternationalfirestormonFebruary7,2008bysuggestingthatsome“accommodation”ofMuslimfamilylawwas“unavoidable”inEngland.Hissuggestion,thoughcarefullyqualified,promptedmorethan250articlesintheworldpresswithinamonth,thevastmajoritydenouncingit.England,hiscriticscharged,willbebesetby“licensedpolygamy,”barbaricprocedures,andbrutalviolenceagainstwomenencasedinsuffocatingburkas(穆斯林妇女穿的长袍).CriticsproclaimedthatMuslimcitizensofaWesterndemocracywillbesubjecttolegallyghettoizedMuslimcourtsimmunefromcivilappealorconstitutionalchallenge.ConsiderNigeria,Pakistan,andotherformerEnglishcoloniesthathavesoughttobalanceMuslimShari’a(伊斯兰教法)withthecommonlaw,othercriticsadded.Thehorrificexcessesandchronichumanrightsviolationsoftheirreligiouscourts—evenorderingthefaithfultostoneinnocentrapevictimsfordishonoringtheirfamilies—provethatreligiouslawsandstatelawsonthefamilysimplycannotcoexist.Caseclosed.

Thiscasewon’tstayclosedforlong,however.TheArchbishopwasnotcallingfortheestablishmentofindependentMuslimcourtsinEngland,letalonetheenforcementofShari’abyEnglishcourts.Hewas,instead,raisingawholeseriesofhardbut“unavoidable”questionsaboutmarital,cultural,andreligiousidentityandpracticeinWesterndemocraticsocietiescommittedtohumanrightsforall.Whatformsofmarriageshouldcitizensbeabletochoose,andwhatforumsofreligiousmarriagelawshouldstategovernmentsberequiredtorespect?HowshouldMuslimsandotherreligiousminoritieswithdistinctivefamilynormsandculturalpracticesbeaccommodatedinasocietydedicatedtoreligiouslibertyandself-determination,andtoreligiousequalityandnon-discrimination?Arelegalpluralismandeven“personalfederalism”necessarytoprotectMuslimsandotherreligiousbelieverswhoareconscientiouslyopposedtotheliberalvaluesthatinformmodernstatelawsonsex,marriage,andfamily?IseveryconstitutionalaccommodationofMuslimfamilylawandShari’acourtsadangerousstepontheslipperyslopetowardempoweringthatfaith,someofwhoseleaderssubverttheverydemocraticandhumanrightsvaluesthatnowofferthemprotection?Theseandotherhardquestionsarebecoming“un¬avoidable”formanymodernWesterndemocracieswithgrowinganddiverseMuslimcommunities,eachmakingnewandeverlouderdemands.IfcurrentgrowthratesofMuslimcommunitiesintheWestcontinue,agenerationfromnowtheDanishcartoon“crisis”isgoingtoseemlikechild’splay.

75.Thebesttopicforthefirstparagraphis___.

76.Theauthorthinksthatthe“casewon’tstayclosedforlong”becausetheArchbishop___.

77.WhichofthefollowingquestionsdoestheauthorNOTaskinthesecondparagraph?

78.Thequestionsraisedbytheauthorarebecoming“unavoidable”formanymodernWesterndemocraciesNOTbecause____.

问题1选项

A.ArchbishopRowanWilliamssetsaninternationalfirestorm

B.CriticstoArchbishopRowanWilliams’suggestion

C.EnglandcannotacceptMuslimfamilylaw

D.Religiouslawsandstatelawsonthefamilysimplycannotcoexist

问题2选项

A.wasraisingfundamentalquestionsofhumanrightsforall

B.wasnotcallingfortheestablishmentofindependentMuslimcourtsinEngland

C.wasnotcallingforenforcementofShari’abyEnglishcourts

D.raisedquestionsrelatingtomarital,cultural,andreligiousidentity

问题3选项

A.Cancitizenschoosetheirmarriageforms?

B.ShouldMuslimsandotherreligiousbelieversbeprotectedbylegalpluralism?

C.Whatforumsofreligiousmarriagelawshouldstategovernmentsrespect?

D.IsconstitutionalaccommodationofMuslimfamilylawandShari’acourtsadangerousstep?

问题4选项

A.theMuslimcommunitiesaregrowinganddiverse

B.eachoftheMuslimcommunitiesismakingnewandeverlouderdemands

C.theDanishcartoon“crisis”isgoingtoseemlikechild’splay

D.thegrowthratesofMuslimcommunitiesintheWestcontinue

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:C

【解析】75.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】主旨大意题。根据题干定位到原文第一段中心句AnglicanArchbishopRowanWilliamssetoffaninternationalfirestorm1onFebruary7,2008bysuggestingthatsome“accommodation”ofMuslimfamilylawwas“unavoidable”inEngland.（2008年2月7日，英国圣公会(Anglican)大主教罗文•威廉姆斯(RowanWilliams)提出，在英国“不可避免”地“迁就”穆斯林家庭法，这引发了一场国际风暴）可知第一段的最佳主题是A选项“大主教罗文•威廉姆斯引发了一场国际风暴”；B选项“大主教罗文•威廉姆斯的建议遭到了批评”，C选项“英国不能接受穆斯林家庭法”以及D选项“关于家庭的宗教法律和州法律根本不能共存”只是第一段的片面内容，都是解释说明“大主教罗文•威廉姆斯引发了一场国际风暴”的具体内容，只有A选项足以概括第一段内容。因此A选项正确。

76.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到原文第二段Thiscasewon’tstayclosedforlong…Hewas,instead,raisingawholeseriesofhardbut“unavoidable”questionsaboutmarital,cultural,andreligiousidentityandpracticeinWesterndemocraticsocietiescommittedtohumanrightsforall.（这个案子不会结案太久……相反，他（指前一句所提到的TheArchbishop“大主教”）提出了一系列关于婚姻、文化和宗教认同以及西方民主社会中致力于人人享有人权的做法的艰难但“不可避免”的问题）可知选A选项“提出了所有人的基本人权问题”；D选项“提出有关婚姻、文化和宗教身份的问题”和原文有偏差，没有A选项概括的那么全面；根据原文B选项“没有呼吁在英国建立独立的穆斯林法庭”和C选项“不是呼吁英国法庭执行伊斯兰教法”并没有回答为什么“案件不会持续很长时间”这一问题，排除。因此A选项正确。

77.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到第二段Arelegalpluralismandeven“personalfederalism”necessarytoprotectMuslimsandotherreligiousbelieverswhoareconscientiouslyopposedtotheliberalvaluesthatinformmodernstatelawsonsex,marriage,andfamily?（法律多元主义甚至“个人联邦制”是否有必要保护穆斯林和那些自觉反对为现代州性、婚姻和家庭法律提供信息的自由价值观的其他宗教信仰者们？）可知B选项“穆斯林和其他宗教信徒应该受到法律多元化的保护吗？”和原文有偏差，原文对于“其他宗教信徒”有“自觉反对为现代州性、婚姻和家庭法律提供信息的自由价值观”这一限定，而B选项范围过大；第二段Whatformsofmarriageshouldcitizensbeabletochoose,andwhatforumsofreligiousmarriagelawshouldstategovernmentsberequiredtorespect?（公民应该选择什么样的婚姻形式，州政府应该尊重什么样的宗教婚姻法论坛？）对应A选项“公民可以选择自己的婚姻形式吗？”和C选项“国家政府应该尊重哪些宗教婚姻法论坛？”；第二段IseveryconstitutionalaccommodationofMuslimfamilylawandShari’acourtsadangerousstepontheslipperyslopetowardempoweringthatfaith,someofwhoseleaderssubverttheverydemocraticandhumanrightsvaluesthatnowofferthemprotection?（宪法对穆斯林家庭法和伊斯兰法庭的每一个通融是否都是朝着赋予这种信仰权力的方向迈出的危险的一步，他们的一些领导人颠覆了现在为他们提供保护的非常民主和人权的价值观？）对应D选项“宪法对穆斯林家庭法和伊斯兰教法的适应是危险的一步吗?”。因此B选项符合题意。

78.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到原文第二段末尾Theseandotherhardquestionsarebecoming“un-avoidable”formanymodernWesterndemocracieswithgrowinganddiverseMuslimcommunities,eachmakingnewandeverlouderdemands.IfcurrentgrowthratesofMuslimcommunitiesintheWestcontinue,agenerationfromnowtheDanishcartoon“crisis”isgoingtoseemlikechild’splay.（随着穆斯林群体的不断壮大和多样化，每个人都提出了越来越强烈的新要求，对于许多现代西方民主国家来说，这些和其他棘手的问题正变得“无法避免”。如果西方穆斯林社区目前的增长速度继续下去，那么从现在开始的一代人看来，丹麦漫画《危机》将像儿戏）可知A选项“穆斯林社区正在成长和多样化”，B选项“每一个穆斯林社区都在提出新的、更响亮的要求”以及D选项“穆斯林社区在西方继续增长”都是导致作者提出的问题对许多现代西方民主国家来说正变得“不可避免”的原因，而C选项“丹麦漫画《危机》看起来就像儿戏”是这些问题会导致的结果。因此C选项符合题意。

2.单选题

Certainanimalbehaviors,suchasmatingrituals,seemtobe_______，andtherefore____externalfactorssuchasclimatechanges,foodsupply,orthepresenceofotheranimalsofthesamespecies.

问题1选项

A.learned...immuneto

B.innate...unaffectedby

C.intricate...belongto

D.specific...confusedwith

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义和动词词组解析。learned“有学问的”；innate“与生俱来的”；intricate“复杂的，错综的”；specific“明确的，详细的”。immuneto“不受……影响的”；unaffectedby“不受影响的”；belongto“属于”；confusedwith“对……困惑”。句意：一些动物的行为，比如交配行为，似乎是与生俱来的，不受外来因素影响的，比如气候变化，食物供给或者同一物种其他动物的存在。选项B符合题意。

3.单选题

Weare___facedwiththenecessitytorecognizethathavingmorepeopleimpliesalowerstandardofliving.

问题1选项

A.readily

B.smoothly

C.inevitably

D.deliberately

【答案】C

【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项readily“容易地；乐意地；无困难地”；B选项smoothly“平稳地；平滑地；顺利地；流畅地；平静地；均匀地”；C选项inevitably“不可避免地；必然地”；D选项deliberately“故意地；缓慢而谨慎地”。句意：我们___要认识到有更多的人就意味着更低的生活水平。本句表达“不可避免地认识到”，因此C选项正确。

4.单选题

Hefoundthe______mediaattentionintolerableanddecidedtogoabroad.

问题1选项

A.sufficient

B.constant

C.steady

D.plenty

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.sufficient足够的；充足的B.constant连续发生的；不断的

C.steady（发展、增长等）稳步的，持续的D.plenty大量；很多adv.

【答案】B

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据intolerable（无法忍受的）可推知，mediaattention（媒体关注）是连续不断的，空格处表示“不断的”，该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】

A、C项不符合句意；

D项是副词，不符合句子语法结构。

【句意】他无法忍受媒体不断的关注，决定出国。

5.案例题

Home-TheNewWorkplace

Oneofthesourcesofthemodernworldisthelengthoftimewetakecommuningtoandfromwork.Inlargecitiesthiscanmeanlosingthreeormorehourseverydayjusttravelingfromhometoworkandbackagain.Surelythereisanalternative!Well,accordingtoasurveyconditionedintheUS,22%ofpeoplewouldmuchpreferworkingfromhome,shouldcircumstancesallow.LizSewellspoketoseveralpeoplewhohavealreadymadethechangetothismodern-dayworkplacetotryandfindoutmore.

ScottMillerisa40year-olddraughtsmanwhohasbeenworkinghomeforthepasttwoyears.Headmitsthatitwasn’tsomethingthathecravedfor;ratherithappenedwhenhiswife,Jules,auniversitylecturer,wasofferedafull-timeposition.“Shedidn’tthinkthatshecouldtakethejob.Iknewthatshereallywantedit,butshedidn’twanttoputoursonintofull-timecars.Ihadbeenworkingforthesamefirmforsevenyearsanddecidedtoapproachmybosses.Mytrackrecordprobablyhelpedbecausetheyacceptedtheproposition.Aslongasmyproductivitywasmaintained,theydidn’tmindwhereIworked.Alsomywifeishappy,andhercareerisblossoming.”

“NowIgointotheofficeeveryMondayafternoonforameetingandpickupmyweek’swork.Interestingly,IfeelthatIworkevenbetterfromhome,somuchsothateventhoughoursonnowatschool,Istillworkthere.”

However,isworkingfromhomeassimpleasitsounds?TransferringworktoadifferentworkplaceisonlypartoftheequationforJoanneMcCarthy,whountilthreemonthsagowasaHumanResourcesManagerforalargepubliccorporation.Shehasnowbecomeafull-timetraderonthestockmarket.Shesaysshelovesthefreedomthatworkingfromhomegivesher,butshereallymissedthesocialinteraction.

“Asmyjobjustinvolvesworkingformyself,bymyself,IfindthatIhavebecomemuchmoreintrovertedbecauseIdon’thavethatface-to-face,professionalinvolvementwithpeopleanymore.Ispendalldayonthecomputercheckingthepricesofmystocks.Byevening,Iamdesperatetotalktomyhusband—evenifitisonlyaboutwhatliehasbeendoingallclay.”

Shehasrealizedthatthiscouldjeopardizeherattemptstoworkfromhome.LouiseTateisanaccountantandusedtocommuteanhoureachwaytoherofficebeforedecidingtherehadtobeabetterway.Forher,thebiggestproblemwithworkingfromhomewasdistractions.“Itwassoeasytogetdistractedbytheotherthingsyouhavetodoathome,likewastingandcleaning,”shetoldus.“Ihadtoforcemyselftoviewmystudyasanoffice,notpartofthehouse.SoIcameupwithanovelidea—myhusbandthoughtIwasmade,butIhadaseparateentrancebuilttotheoffice.Atthebeginningofmyworkday,Igooutofthefrontdoorofourhouse,lockit,andthenwalkaroundtotheoffice.NowIfeelthatIamreallyatwork,andmyproductivityhasincreasedasaresult.Iknowitsoundsstrange,butitworksforme.”TwelvemonthsdownthetrackandLouiseneverwantstofacethemorningtrafficagain.

Peoplechoosetoworkfromhomeforamultitudeofreasons.TaketheexampleofGeorgeMercer,whoownssevencafeswithina7-mileradiusofdowntownMiami.HehasbasedhisofficeinhisFortLauderdalebeachfronthome,andkeepsincontactwithhisvariousmanagersbyphone,faxande-mail,“WhenIstartedthebusinessfouryearsago,Icouldn’tdecidewhichcafetohaveasmymainbase,soIdecidedtosetupmyofficeathome.Withmoderntelecommunicationsnowadays,Iamalwaysabletocontactmypremisesandorderprovisionsfrommysuppliers.”

“IfIgetfedupwithworkingfromhomeorifthereareproblemsthathavetobedealtwithinperson.Ijustjumpinthecaranddrivetothecafes.Fromtimetotime,wehavemeetingsatmyplace,whichgivethemanagersabreakfromtheirown‘office’.Theygetachangeofscenery.Istillhavecontrolbuttheyhavealargeamountofindependenceintheday-to-dayrunningofthecafes.Ilovemyjobandit’sobviousthatmymanagersrespondwelltothearrangement.Life’sgreatatthemomentwouldn’tchangeathing!”

Obviously,noteveryoneisabletohavethetypeofworkthatcanbedonefromhome,butthereareplentyofpeoplejustlikeme—judgingbyinternetsitesthemoretraditionalemploymentvacancyads—whowouldjumpatthechance.

UsinginformationfromReadingPassage2,matchthepeoplelistedA-Fintheboxbelowwiththeirdescriptions.

NOTE:Therearemoredescriptionsthanpeople.Youmayuseanyofthechoicesmorethanonce.

ListofPeople

AScottMiller

BJoanneMcCarthy

CLouiseTate

DGeorgeMercer

ENoneoftheabove

FAlloftheabove

Descriptions

（）needstobegoodatmath.

（）isnotself-employed.

（）hasbeenworkingfromhomeforthelongestperiod.

（）doesn’tneedtointeractwithclientstocarryouttheirbusiness.

试题缺失

（）thinksthattheyarelesssuccessfulworkingfromhome.

（）helpedsomeoneelsetoretainhis/hercareer.

（）livesonthecoast.

【答案】1.C

2.A和B

3.D

4.C

5.试题缺失

6.B

7.E

8.D

【解析】1.根据文章第六段，“LouiseTateisanaccountantandusedtocommuteanhoureachwaytoherofficebeforedecidingtherehadtobeabetterway.”，可知LouiseTate是一名会计师，过去常常往返于她的办公室和家之间，往返一个小时，然后才决定出更好的方法。可判断出Louise必须要擅长数学。选项C符合题意。

2.根据文章第二段，“Ihadbeenworkingforthesamefirmforsevenyearsanddecidedtoapproachmybosses.”，可知ScottMiller在同一家公司工作了7年。可判断出他工作的公司不是自主经营的，选项A可选。又根据文章第四段，“Shehasnowbecomeafull-timetraderonthestockmarket.”，可知JoanneMcCarthy现在已成为股票市场的全职交易员，可判断出她的工作也不属于自主经营，选项B可选。

3.根据文章第七段，“WhenIstartedthebusinessfouryearsago,Icouldn’tdecidewhichcafetohaveasmymainbase,soIdecidedtosetupmyofficeathome.”，可知当GeorgeMercer四年前开始创业时，无法决定把哪家咖啡馆作为主要基地，所以决定了在家里设立办公室。可判断出他已经在家办公4年了，结合上下文比较，他是在家办公时间最长的。选项D符合题意。

4.根据文章第六段，“thebiggestproblemwithworkingfromhomewasdistractions.”，可知在家工作最大的问题是分心，可判断出这是LouiseTate最大的问题，所以她不需要与客户互动来开展他们的业务。选项C符合题意。

5.试题缺失

6.根据文章第四段，“Shesaysshelovesthefreedomthatworkingfromhomegivesher,butshereallymissedthesocialinteraction.”，可知JoanneMcCarthy喜欢在家工作给她带来的自由，但她真的很怀念社交活动。可判断出她认为在家工作不太成功。选项B符合题意。

7.纵观全文，对于文中提到的所有工作者，都没有提及他们是否帮助别人保持了工作，选项E符合题意。

8.根据文章倒数第三段，“HehasbasedhisofficeinhisFortLauderdalebeachfronthome,andkeepsincontactwithhisvariousmanagersbyphone…”，可知GeorgeMercer的办公室设在劳德代尔堡(FortLauderdale)海滨别墅（他的家），并通过电话与多位经理保持联系。可判断出GeorgeMercer的家在海边。选项D符合题意。

6.单选题

Yesterdaywassucha______daywedecidedtogoforadrive.

问题1选项

A.glorious

B.dynamical

C.avenue

D.invitation

【答案】A

【解析】【试题解析】考查词义辨析。A选项glorious“（天气）热的，晴朗的”；B选项dynamical“有生气的”；C选项avenue“（城镇的）大街”；D选项invitation“邀请”。句意：昨天天气______，我们决定开车去玩。根据语境，这里指的是天气适宜出门玩耍，A选项glorious“（天气）热的，晴朗的”符合题意。因此A选项正确。

7.单选题

Britain’spressisunusual（）itisdividedintotwoverydifferenttypesofnewspaper:thequalitypressandthepopularpress.

问题1选项

A.inhow

B.inwhat

C.inwhich

D.inthat

【答案】D

【解析】语法题。根据句子结构，可知空格后为原因状语从句，表原因。inthat相当于because，可引导原因状语从句。句意：英国的报纸不同寻常之处在于，它被分为两种截然不同的报纸:严肃报纸和大众报纸。选项D符合题意。

8.填空题

A.（1）isyourheadachenow?

B.（2）better,thankyou.

【答案】1.How

2.Much

【解析】1.语义题。句意:你的头痛怎么样了？

2.常用语。Muchbetter表示好多了。

9.单选题

Mysisterisquite______andplanstogetanM.A.degreewithinoneyear.

问题1选项

A.aggressive

B.enthusiastic

C.considerate

D.ambitious

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.aggressive好斗的，挑衅的B.enthusiastic热情的，热心的

C.considerate考虑周到的，为（他人）着想的D.ambitious有野心的，有雄心的

【答案】D

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据后半句句意“计划在一年内拿到硕士学位”可知，Mysisterisquite______表示的意思是“我妹妹雄心勃勃”。因此，该题选择D项。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句意。

【句意】我妹妹雄心勃勃，计划在一年内拿到硕士学位。

10.单选题

Ifyouworkunderacarwhenrepairingit,youoftengetvery（

）.

问题1选项

A.waxy

B.sticky

C.slippery

D.greasy

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项waxy“蜡制的，似蜡的，质地光滑的”；B选项sticky“粘性的”；C选项slippery“滑的，狡猾的，棘手的”；D选项greasy“多油的，油污的，油腻的”。由“Ifyouworkunderacarwhenrepairingit，youoftengetvery___（如果你在车底下修理汽车，你通常会____）”可知D选项符合语境。句意：如果你在车底下修理汽车，你通常会弄得满身油污。

11.单选题

Foreigndisinvestmentandthe（

）ofSouthAfricafromworldcapital

marketsafter1985furtherweakeneditseconomy.

问题1选项

A.displacement

B.elimination

C.exclusion

D.exception

【答案】C

【解析】名词辨析。句意:1985以后，外资撤资以及世界资本市场的（

）使南非经济进一步削弱。displacement代替;Elimination剔除,消除，消灭;Exclusion排斥;Exception例外。

12.单选题

Guthrie’scontiguityprincipleofferspracticalsuggestionsforhowtobreakhabits.

Oneapplicationofthethresholdmethodinvolvesthetimeyoungchildrenspendonacademicactivities.Youngchildrenhaveshortattentionspans,sothelengthoftimetheycansustainworkononeactivityislimited.Mostactivitiesarescheduledtolastnolongerthan30to40minutes.However,atthestartoftheschoolyear,attentionspansquicklywaneandbehaviorproblemsoftenresult.ToapplyGuthrie’stheory,ateachermight,atthestartoftheyear,limitactivitiesto15to20minutes.Overthenextfewweekstheteachercouldgraduallyincreasethetimestudentsspendworkingonasingleactivity.

Thethresholdmethodalsocanbeappliedtoteachingprintingandhandwriting.Whenchildrenfirstlearntoformletters,theirmovementsareawkwardandtheylackfinemotorcoordination.Thedistancesbetweenlinesonapagearepurposelywidesochildrencanfitthelettersintothespace.Ifpaperwithnarrowlinesisinitiallyintroduced,students’letterswouldspilloverthebordersandstudentsmightbecomefrustrated.Oncestudentscanformletterswithinthelargerborders,theycanusepaperwithsmallerborderstohelpthemrefinetheirskills.

Thefatiguemethodcanbeappliedwhendiscipliningdisruptivestudentswhobuildpaperairplanesandsailthemacrosstheroom.Theteachercanremovethestudentsfromtheclassroom,givethemalargestackofpaper,andtellthemtostartmakingpaperairplanes.Afterthestudentshavemadeseveralairplanes,theactivityshouldloseitsattractionandpaperwillbecomeacuefornotbuildingairplanes.

Somestudentscontinuallyracearoundthegymwhentheyfirstentertheirphysicaleducationclass.Toemploythefatiguemethod,theteachermightdecidetohavethesestudentscontinuetorunafewmorelapsaftertheclasshasbegun.

Theincompatibleresponsemethodcanbeusedwithstudentswhotalkandmisbehaveinthemediacenter.Readingisincompatiblewithtalking.Themediacenterteachermightaskthestudentstofindinterestingbooksandreadthemwhileinthecenter.Assumingthatthestudentsfindthebooksenjoyable,themediacenterwill,overtime,becomeacueforselectingandreadingbooksratherthanfortalkingwithotherstudents.

Inasocialstudiesclasssomestudentsregularlyfallasleep.Theteacherrealizedthatusingtheboardandoverheadprojectorwhilelecturingwasveryboring.Soontheteacherbegantoincorporateotherelementsintoeachlesson,suchasexperiments,videotapes,anddebates,inanattempttoinvolvestudentsandraisetheirinterestinthecourse.

1.Thepurposeofthispassageisto（）.

2.Guthrieidentifiedthreemethodsfor（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingisnottheexampleofapplyingthethresholdmethod?

4.Tostopsnackingwhilewatchingtelevision,peopleshouldkeeptheirhandsbusybysewing,painting,workingcrosswordpuzzles,andsoforth.Overtime,watchingTVbecomesacueforengaginginanactivityotherthansnacking.Whatmethodisusedinthisexample?

5.Wecandrawtheconclusionfromthepassagethat（

）.

问题1选项

A.inform

B.persuade

C.debate

D.narrate

问题2选项

A.educatingstudents

B.alteringbadhabits

C.avoidingundesiredaction

D.forminggoodhobbies

问题3选项

A.Parentsintroducespinachinsmallbitesormixedwithafoodthatthechildenjoysovertimesothatthechildwillnotrefusetoeatit.

B.Teachersintroduceacademiccontentinshortblocksoftimeforyoungchildrenandgraduallyincreasesessionlengthbutnottowherestudentsbecomefrustratedorbored.

C.Paperwithwiderlinesisfirstusedandthenpaperwithnarrowlinesisintroducedstepbysteptohelpchildrenlearnprintingandhandwriting.

D.Achildmightbemadetothrowtoysuntilitisnolongerfunbyhisparentsinordertochangehisbehaviorofrepeatedlythrowingtoys.

问题4选项

A.Thethresholdmethod.

B.Thefatiguemethod.

C.Theincompatibleresponsemethod.

D.Thepunishmentmethod

问题5选项

A.theincompatibleresponsemethodistoforcechildtomakeunwantedresponserepeatedlyinpresenceofstimulusuntilheorshebecomesexhausted

B.thethresholdmethodreferstointroducingundesiredbehaviorwitharesponseincompatiblewiththeundesiredresponsesotheycannotbeperformedsimultaneously

C.thefatiguemethodmeansthatengaginginthebehavioristransformedintoavoidingitbyintroducingthestimulusatfullstrengthsoitbecomesacuefornotperformingit

D.thefatiguemethodisthatinpresenceofstimulusteachershavechildrenmakeresponseincompatiblewithunwantedresponse

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.主旨大意题。首先，原文第一句话说到：Guthrie的接触原则为如何打破习惯提供了实用的建议。在接下来的内容中主要是阐述是如何应用这个原则，并且提到了几种方法，由此我们可以推断，文章的目的主要是向我们阐述这些方法，所以本题选项D正确。

2.细节判断题。根据第一段的内容：Guthrie的接触原则为如何打破习惯提供了实用的建议。所以这三种方法是为了打破习惯，也就是改变坏的习惯，选项B符合原文。

3.细节判断题。根据原文内容可知，选项D属于“thefatiguemethod”而不是“thethresholdmethod”。所以本题选D。

4.细节判断题。根据倒数第二段的第一句“Theincompatibleresponsemethodcanbeusedwithstudentswhotalkandmisbehaveinthemediacenter.”不契合反应法适用于在面对传播媒体时讲话和行为不端的学生。看电视属于面对媒体的行为，所以选项C正确。

5.细节推理题。选项A描述的是“疲劳法”而不是“不契合反应法”，所以不正确；选项B指的是“不契合反应法”而不是“阈值法”，也不正确；选项D描述的是“不契合反应法”而不是“疲劳法”，不正确。所以，只有选项C表述正确。

13.单选题

Ingeneral，matterswhichlieentirelywithinstatebordersarethe（）concernofstategov-ernments.

问题1选项

A.extinct

B.excluding

C.excessive

D.exclusive

【答案】D

【解析】形容词辨析。句意:—般来说，国家边境问题是政府（）关心的问题。

extinct灭绝的；excluding除…外，不包括;excessive过度的，过分的;exclusive独有的，专一的。D项exclusive独有的，专一的符合句意，在这里表示“专门的,特别的”。

14.单选题

Theworkwasalmostcompletewhenwereceivedordersto（

）nofurtherwithit.

问题1选项

A.progress

B.proceed

C.march

D.promote

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。progress意为“进步”；proceed意为“进行”。proceedwith意为“继续做”；march意为“”（坚定地向某地）前进；promote意为“促进，推进”。

句意：当我们接到命令不再继续进行下去时，这项工作几乎完成了。

15.单选题

HurricanesformoverthetropicaloceanicregionswheretheSunheatshugemassesofmoistair.Anascendingspiralmotionresults,inthesamemannerasdescribedintornadoformation.Whenthemoistureoftherisingaircondenses,thelatentheatprovidesadditionalenergyandmoreairrisesupthecolumn.Thislatentheatisachiefsourceofthehurricane'senergyandisreadilyavailablefromthecondensationofthemoistairofitssourceregion.

Unlikethetornado,ahurricanegainsenergyfromitssourceregion.[1]Asmoreandmoreairrises,thehurricanegrows,accompaniedbycloudsandincreasingwindsthatblowinalargespiralaroundarelativelycalm,low-pressurecenter_theeyeofthehurricane.Theeyemaybe20to30mileswide,andshipssailingintothisareahavefoundthatitisusuallycalmandclearwithnoindicationofthesurroundingstorm.Theairpressureisreduced6-8%(toabout28in.ofHg)neartheeye.Hurricanesmoveratherslowlyatafewmilesperhour.

[2]Coveringbroadareas,hurricanescanbeparticularlydestructive.Therewewindsofatleast74mi/h;butthesecanbemuchgreater,upto120-130mi/h,whichareverydangerous.Mobilehomesareparticularlyvulnerabletohurricanewinds.Thegreatestthreatfromahurricane'swindscomesfromtheircargoofdebris—adeadlybarrageofflyingmissilessuchaslawnfurniture,signs,roofing,andmetalsiding.

Hurricanewindsdomuchdamage,butdrowningisthegreatestcauseofhurricanedeaths.[3]Astheeyeofthehurricanecomesashoreor"makeslandfall",agreatdomeofwatercalledastormsurge,oftenover50miwide,co