考研考博-英语-中南财经政法大学押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-中南财经政法大学押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Mostnursesarewomen,butinthehigherranksofthemedicalprofessionmenareinthe（）.

问题1选项

A.minority

B.majority

C.shortage

D.substitute

【答案】B

【解析】句意:大多数护士是女性，但在医疗行业中，男性占多数。

考查名词辨析。minority少数民族；少数派:majority多数；成年;shortage缺乏；缺少；不足；substitute代用品；代替者。后半句用了转折连词but，因此B项符合句意。

2.翻译题

Totalitarianismisthepolarcaseofsuchbureaucraticconcentrationofpowerthatdestroysdemocraticprocessess,butnottheonlyone.Thesametendencycanbeobservedinpoliticalmachinethattransferthepowerthatlegallybelongstovoterstopoliticalbosses,inbusinesscorporationsthatvestthepowerthatrightfullybelongstostockholdersincorporationofficials,inthoseunionsthatbestowthepowerthatrightfullybelongstorank-and-filemembersuponunionleaders.Thesecasesleadsomewriterstocontendthatthepresenttrendtowardbureaucratizationspellsthedoomofdemocraticinstitution.Thismaywellbetoofatalisticaviewpoint,buttherecanbenodoubtthatthistrendconstitutesachallenge.Toprotectourselvesagainstthisthreat,whilecontinutingtoutilizetheseeffcientadministrativemechanisms,wemustfirstlearnfullytounderstandhowbureaucraciesfunction.

【答案】【参考译文】

极权主义是这种官僚权力集中破坏民主进程的极端例子，但不是唯一的例子。在其他方面也可看到相同趋势：政治机器将合法属于选民的权力转移给政治领袖；商业公司将合法属于股东的权力授予公司高层；一些工会将应赋予普通成员的权力给工会领导人。这些案例使一些作家认为，目前的官僚主义趋势预示着民主制度的灭亡。这可能是一个偏宿命论的观点，但毫无疑问，这种趋势（给我们）带来了一种挑战。在我们继续使用这些有效行政机制时，为了保护自己不受这种威胁，必须首先充分了解官僚机制是如何运作的。

3.单选题

______fashionedfromawickfloatinginabowlofoilfunctionedaccordingtotheprincipleofcapillaryaction.

问题1选项

A.Alllampsearly

B.Lampsallearly

C.Allearlylamps

D.Earlyalllamps

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词前的形容词顺序问题。很多个形容词修饰名词，其先后顺序为数量、大小、新旧、颜色、产地、材料、名词性形容词；指示性形容词all,many,some及any均应放在一般修饰性形容词前面；句意：所有早期的灯都是由一根浮在油碗里的灯芯制成的，灯芯的作用原理是毛细管作用。因此只有C项语序正确。

4.单选题

WhiletypingHelenhasahabitofstopping（）togiveherlongandflowinghairsmooth.

问题1选项

A.occasionally

B.simultaneously

C.eventually

D.promptly

【答案】A

【解析】句意:当Helen打字的时候，她有一个习惯：偶尔停下来平整她飘逸的长发。

考查副词辨析。occasionally偶尔，有吋候;simultaneously同吋地；eventually最终；promptly迅速地，敏捷地。根据题干关键词“stoptogive…(停下来去…)”可知A项符合句意。

5.单选题

Asalawyer（

）forhisgoodjudgmentandeloquence,heisofteninvitedtothosegrandbanquetsandmeetsthosedistinguishedpeoplefromallcircles.

问题1选项

A.noticeable

B.notorious

C.nasty

D.notable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项noticeable“显而易见的，明显的”；B选项notorious“臭名昭著的”；C选项nasty“令人厌恶的，肮脏的”；D选项notable“著名的，显著的，值得注意的”。由goodjudgmentandeloquence（良好的判断力和口才）可知空格处为一个褒义词，再根据句意可知选D。句意：作为一名以良好的判断力和口才著称的律师，他经常被邀请参加那些盛大的宴会，并结识来自各界的杰出人士。

6.单选题

Inrecentyearstherehasbeenmuchtalkofa“renaissance”inAmericanmanufacturing.Afewthingsseemedtobeonthesideofthemakers.Forinstance,untilrecentlythedollarwasweak,Americanwageswerestagnant,butthoseinChinawerebooming.Cheapshaleoilandgasgavefactoriesaboost.Butaswearguedrecently,talkingofarenaissanceisoverblown.Andfewfigure,releasedtoday,addtothemountingpileofevidencesayingthatmanufacturinggrowthisstartingtoslow.

WearguedbeforethatalthoughtherehasbeenarecoveryinAmericanmanufacturinginrecentyears,itisnotasustainableone.Employmentinthesectorisstilllowerthanbeforethecrash.Soisoneimportantmeasureofoutput:realvalueadded.Inshort,Americahasnotgotbetteratproducingstuff.

Also,muchoftherecoveryinAmericanmanufacturingseemstobebasedonacyclicalboomin“durable”goods—thingsthatyouexpecttolastalongtime,likecarsandfridges.Duringtherecession,ordersfordurablegoodsplunged.That’sbecauseitisquiteeasytoputoffsuchpurchases.Bycontrast,itismoredifficulttoputoffpurchasesofnon-durablegoods,likemedicines,becausepeopletendtoconsumethemmorefrequently.

Aftertherecession,productionofdurablegoodssoared.Cheapcredit,forinstance,spurreddemandfornewmotorsandrapidgrowthincar-making.Thatsectoraccountedforoverathirdofthedurablegrowthfrom2009to2013.Yetarecoverybasedonafewdurableindustriesisunsustainable.Thisisbecausewhenpent-updemandissatisfied,afewbigindustrieswillsuffer.Overalloutputislikelytostall.

Newdataconfirmthisprediction.Ordersfordurablegoodsfellby1.4%inFebruary.Motor-vehicleordersfellby0.5%.Itispossiblethattherecentbadweatherhashadaneffecthere.Butitmaybeasignofsomethingmoretroubling.AseconomistsatCapitalEconomics,aconsultancy,argue,“themoregeneralmalaisestartedbackintheautumnoflastyear.Indeed,coreordershavenowfallenineverymonthsincelastOctober.”

Inrecentmonths,non-durablegoodshavealsofallenquiterapidly.Whatexplainsallthis?Theobviousculpritisthestrongdollar.Becauseitmakesmanufacturingexports(whichaccountforroughlyhalfofAmerica’stotal)moreexpensive.Alternatively,itmaybebecauseconsumersarestartingtopullbackonspending.InJanuary,consumercreditgrewattheslowestpaceinoverayear,accordingtorecentdatafromtheFederalReserve.Inrecentmonthsconsumerconfidencehasdroppedabit.Andcompaniesmaynotbesoconfident,either,andarethusnotinthemoodtoaddtocapitalstock,saysStevenRicchiutoofMizuhoSecurities,aninvestmentbank.ThisdoesnotbodewellforAmericanmanufacturingor,indeed,foreconomicgrowthoverall.

1.WhatdoestheauthorsayabouttherecoveryinAmericanmanufacturing?

2.Inwhatsense“durable”goodscannotboostsustainableeconomicgrowth?

3.HowcanweunderstandtheremarksofeconomistsatCapitalEconomics?

4.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

5.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstheoutlookofAmericamanufacturing?

问题1选项

A.Itmaybeputtoanendsoon.

B.Itismerelyanillusion.

C.Itisabouncebeforebreakdown.

D.Itlacksessentialsupport.

问题2选项

A.Theyarenotfast-consumeddailynecessities.

B.Theytendtobeinfluencedbybankingpolicy.

C.Ordersforthemareeasilytobecancelled.

D.Industriesofthemmaybelesssustainable.

问题3选项

A.Ordersfordurablegoodsareaffectedbybadweatherindeed.

B.Decreaseofordersfordurablegoodsiscausedbydiseasespread.

C.Slumpofdurablegoodsindustriesstartedearlierthanthought.

D.Thenewdatamaynothaverevealedtherealityoftheindustries.

问题4选项

A.ThestrongdollarmakesAmericanproductslessattractive.

B.Consumersarenotwillingtospendmoreondurablegoods.

C.Companiesdarenotacceptthecapitalinvestmentfrombanks.

D.Theconditionsofgeneraleconomicgrowtharenotpresent.

问题5选项

A.Quiteconfident.

B.Fairlyanxious.

C.Abitconfused.

D.Verypessimistic.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.推理判断题。第二段“WearguedbeforethatalthoughtherehasbeenarecoveryinAmericanmanufacturinginrecentyears,itisnotasustainableone.我们之前认为，尽管美国制造业近年来出现了复苏，但这不是可持续的。”可知美国制造业的复苏可能会很快结束。故A项正确。

2.推理判断题。由第四段“Yetarecoverybasedonafewdurableindustriesisunsustainable.Thisisbecausewhenpent-updemandissatisfied,afewbigindustrieswillsuffer.Overalloutputislikelytostall.然而，建立在少数可持续产业基础上的复苏是不可持续的。这是因为，当被压抑的需求得到满足时，一些大型行业将会遭殃。总产出可能会停滞。”

3.推理判断题。由第五段“AseconomistsatCapitalEconomics,aconsultancy,argue,‘themoregeneralmalaisestartedbackintheautumnoflastyear.Indeed,coreordershavenowfallenineverymonthsincelastOctober.’正如咨询公司CapitalEconomics的经济学家所言，‘更大范围的低靡从去年秋天开始。事实上，自去年10月以来，核心订单逐月下降。’”可知耐用产品产业的衰落比想象中要开始得早。故C项正确。

4.推理判断题。由最后一段“Theobviousculpritisthestrongdollar.Becauseitmakesmanufacturingexports(whichaccountforroughlyhalfofAmerica’stotal)moreexpensive.罪魁祸首显然是美元走强。因为它使得制造业出口（约占美国出口总额的一半）更加昂贵。”可知A项“强势美元降低了美国产品的吸引力”正确。

5.观点态度题。由最后一段“ThisdoesnotbodewellforAmericanmanufacturingor,indeed,foreconomicgrowthoverall.这对美国制造业，甚至整个经济增长来说都不是好兆头。”可知作者对美国制造业的态度是非常担忧的。故B项正确。

7.单选题

Thequestionofsalaryincreasewill（

）atthenextgeneralmeeting.

问题1选项

A.comeoff

B.comeup

C.cometo

D.comethrough

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项comeoff“成功，离开，举行，实现”；B选项comeup“发生，被提出，被讨论，走近”；C选项cometo“恢复知觉，苏醒”；D选项comethrough“安然度过，批准通过，获得成功”。空格处为谓语动词，其主语为Thequestionofsalaryincrease（增加工资的问题），故B选项符合语境。句意：增加工资的问题将在下一次大会上被提出。

8.单选题

Wehadamarvelousholiday;onlythelasttwodayswasslightly（）byweather.

问题1选项

A.damaged

B.enhanced

C.spoiled

D.diminished

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。damaged“破坏”；enhanced“提高；加强”；spoiled“溺爱；糟蹋；破坏”；diminished“减少；缩小”，根据句子前后的转折可知此处想表达的是最后两天受到了天气的不好影响，被破坏了，所以此处应该从damaged与spoiled两个中间选择，damage主要是指事物的价值或功能部分受损，spoil除了有溺爱、宠坏、破坏的意思外，还指事物完整性、完美性或者整体感受的破坏，此处表达的是最后两天由于坏的天气的影响，使其完美性遭到破坏，所以应该用spoil。句意：我们度过了一个十分愉快的假期，只有最后两天稍微被天气……了。故正确答案为选项C。

9.单选题

Evenbytighteningthepursestringsandcutting（）spendingotherthan（）necessities,theaverageBeijingresidentwouldstillneedatleast25yearstobuyanapartment,thelatestreportshows.

问题1选项

A.out,on

B.off,on

C.out,for

D.down,for

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词短语辨析。cutout“删去，割掉，裁剪”；cutoff“截止，中断供应，使死亡”；cutdown“削减，缩短，砍倒”。句意：最新的一份报告显示，即便是精打细算，减少生活必需品以外的支出，北京居民平均仍需要至少25年的时间才能买到一套房子。因此D选项正确。

10.单选题

______he’salreadyheardthenews.

问题1选项

A.Chancesare

B.Chanceis

C.Opportunitiesare

D.Opportunityis

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定表达。（the）chancesare+句子，这是一种口语的表达方法，表示很有可能的意思。选项A符合题意。

11.单选题

WheneverIworriedthatourconnectionmightbefading,Iopenedthedrawerandfelthisenergy（

）aroundmelikeafreedcanary.

问题1选项

A.flutterup

B.adhereto

C.flashback

D.queueup

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。flutterup“扑闪起来”；adhereto“坚持；粘附”；flashback“；反射”；queueup“排队等候”。句意：每当我担心我们之间的联系会逐渐淡去时，我就打开抽屉，感受他的活力就像一只放飞自由的金丝雀围绕着我。由likeafreedcanary可知A项符合语境，答案A

12.不定项选择题

Onefactwasclearlydemonstratedbytheearlysleepresearchers:onepartofthenightisnotjustlikeanother.Asscientistsbegantocomparetherecordsofvolunteers,theyobservedthathumansleepfollowsarhythmicschedule;theynotedthatnotonlywasthisschedulemuchthesameinhealthypersonofthesameagewithsimilarhabitsbut,fromnighttonight,eachindividualhadanEEGrecordalmostasconsistentasasignature.

Sleepandwakefulness,onceconsideredtobethelightanddarkofconsciousness,nolongerseemtodiffersosharply.Tosleepdoesnotmeantodrowninanoceanofdarkness.Actually,sleepisnotaunitarystate;itinvolvesmanyshadesordegreesofdetachmentfromthesurroundingworld.Sleepismadeupofseparatestagesoflightanddeeperslumber.Typically,onlyduringthefirsthoursofsleepdoesapersonreachthestageofthedeepestslumber,therestofthemisspentdriftingbetweentheotherlighterstagesinspecificpatterns,allnightlongapersondriftsdownandupthroughdifferentlevelsofconsciousness,asifonwaves.Whilesleepmayfeellikeablanketofdarknesspunctuatedbydreams—atimewhenthemindisasleep—nothingcouldbelesstrue.Withlaboratorymethods,researcheshavebeenabletochartthetypicalstagesofthejourneyintosleep.

Thejourneystartswhilethesubjectisstillawakebutbeginningtorelax;hisbrainwaves,whichhavebeenlow,rapid,andirregular,begintoshowanewpattern;thisnewpattern,whichisknownasalpharhythm,isanevenelectricalpulsationofabout9to12cyclespersecond.Mostpeopledonotknowwhatthealphastatefeelslike,butduringthelastfewyearsresearchershavebeenabletoteachsubjectshowtorecognizeandlearntosustaintheiralpharhythm.

WhentheirEEGshowsanalpharhythm,thesubjectsarenotified,eitherbyasoundorbytheappearanceofacoloronascreen.Becausethealphastatetendstoberelaxed,theabilitytosustainitcanhelptensepeopleeasetheirpassageintosleep.Amomentoftension,aloudnoise,anattempttosolveaproblem,however,andthealpharhythmmayvanish.

Asthesubjectpassesthroughthegatesoftheunconscious,hisalphawavesgrowsmaller,andhiseyesrollveryslowly.Foramoment,hemaywakeupduringthisearlypartofthedescent,alertedbysuddenspasmthatcauseshisbodytojerk.Likethebrainwaves,thisspasmisasignofneuralchangeswithin.Knownasthemyoclonicjerk,itiscausebyabriefburstofactivityinthebrain.Themyoclonicjerkisnormalinallhumansleep,itisgoneinafractionofasecond,afterwhichthedescentcontinues,thesubjecthasnotfeltthispeculiartransformation,butnowheissaidtobetrulyasleep.

1.Thesentence“eachindividualhadanEEGrecordalmostconsistentasasignature”means（）.

2.Inthesecondparagraph,theauthordescribesthat（）.

3.Theword“unitary”inthesecondparagraphmeans（）.

4.Whencanwesaythatapersonisasleep?

5.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatthe“alpharhythm”is（）.

问题1选项

A.eachindividualhadquitedifferentEEGrecordliketheirpersonalizedsignature

B.eachindividualhadalmostthesameEEGrecordashissignature

C.theEEGrecordofeachindividualmaybecontradictorytooneanother

D.theEEGrecordofeachindividualmaybechangedfromoneanother

问题2选项

A.sleepandwakefulnessaredifferentbecauseofcompletelydifferentlevelsofconsciousness

B.sleepisaquietstate

C.sleepmakesonedrowninanoceanofdarkness

D.sleepinvolvesdifferentlevelsofconsciousness

问题3选项

A.complex

B.unique

C.single

D.simple

问题4选项

A.Whentherearenodreams.

B.Beforehewakes.

C.Afterthemyoclonicisfinished.

D.Afterthealpharhythmdescents.

问题5选项

A.sustainable

B.rapid

C.irregular

D.myoclonic

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。由题干定位到文章第一段中“fromnighttonight,eachindividualhadanEEGrecordalmostasconsistentasasignature每个人每晚的脑电图记录几乎和签名一样一致”知B项与原文相符。A项“每个人都有完全不同的脑电图记录，就像他们的个性化签名一样”，与原文不符；B项“每个人的脑电图记录几乎如其签名样一致”；C项“每个人的脑电图记录可能相互矛盾”，与原文不符；D项“每个人的脑电图记录可能相互改变”，与原文不符，因此B选项正确。

第2题:细节事实题。由文章第二段内容可知D项与原文相符。A项“睡眠和清醒是不同的，因为意识的层次完全不同”，与原文不符；B项“睡眠是一种安静的状态”，与原文不符；C项“睡眠使人淹没在黑暗的海洋中”，与原文不符；D项“睡眠涉及不同层次的意识”，因此D选项正确。

第3题:词汇题。由题干定位到文章第二段中“Sleepismadeupofseparatestagesoflightanddeeperslumber.睡眠由不同的浅的和更深的睡眠构成”，可推知unitary有“单一的”的意思。A项“复杂的”；B项“独特的”；C项“单一的”；D项“简单的”，因此C选项正确。

第4题:细节事实题。由题干定位到文章最后一段中“Themyoclonicjerkisnormalinallhumansleep,itisgoneinafractionofasecond,afterwhichthedescentcontinues,thesubjecthasnotfeltthispeculiartransformation,butnowheissaidtobetrulyasleep.肌阵挛痉挛在所有人的睡眠中都是正常的，在瞬间就消失了，之后继续下降，实验对象并没有感觉到这种奇特的变化，但据说现在他真的睡着了。”可知C项与原文相符。A项“当没有做梦时”，与原文不符；B项“在他觉醒前”，与原文不符；C项“在肌阵挛反应结束后”；D项“在阿尔法节奏下降之后”，与原文不符，因此C选项正确。

第5题:细节事实题。由题干定位到文章第三段中“...isanevenelectricalpulsationofabout9to12cyclespersecond.……是一种每秒大约循环9至12次的电流脉动”，可知它的速度较快，B项正确。A项“可持续的”；B项“迅速的”；C项“不规则的”；D项“肌阵挛的”，因此B选项正确。

13.单选题

ThetrainwaswhirlingonwardwithsuchdignityofmotionthataglancefromthewindowseemedsimplytoprovethatplainsofTexaswerepouringeastward.Vastflatsofgreengrass,dull-huedspacesofmesquiteandcactus,littlegroupsofframehouses,woodsoflightandtendertrees,allweresweepingintotheeast,sweepingoverthehorizon,aprecipice.

AnewlymarriedpairhadboardedthiscoachatSanAntonio.Theman’sfacewasreddenedfrommanydaysinthewindandsun,andadirectresultofhisnewblackclotheswasthathisbrick-coloredhandswereconstantlyperforminginamostconsciousfashion.Fromtimetotimehelookeddownrespectfullyathisattire.Hesatwithahandoneachknee,likeamanwaitinginabarber’sshop.Theglanceshedevotedtootherpassengerswerefurtiveandshy.

Thebridewasnotpretty,norwassheveryyoung.Sheworeadressofbluecashmere,withsmallreservationsofvelvethereandthere,andwithsteelbuttonsabounding.Shecontinuallytwistedherheadtoregardherpuffsleeves,verystiff,andhigh.Theyembarrassedher.Itwasquiteapparentthatshehadcooked,andthatsheexpectedtocook,dutifully.Theblushescausedbythecarelessscrutinyofsomepassengersasshehadenteredthecarwerestrangetoseeuponthisplain,under-classcountenance,whichwasdrawninplacid,almostemotionlesslines.

Theywereevidentlyveryhappy.“Everbeeninaparlor-carbefore?”heasked,smilingwithdelight.

“No.”sheanswered;“Ineverwas.It’sfine,isn’tit?”

“Great!Andthenafterawhilewe’llgoforwardtothedinnerandgetabiglay-out.Freshmealintheworld.Chargeadollar.”

“Oh,dothey?”criedthebride.“Chargeadollar?Why,that’stoomuch—forus—aren’tit,Jack?”

“Northistrip,anyhow,”heansweredbravely.“We’regoingtogothewholething.”

Laterheexplainedtoheraboutthetrains.“Yousee,it’sathousandmilesfromoneendofTexastotheother;andthisrunsrightacrossit,andneverstopsbutfourtimes.”Hehadtheprideofanowner.Hepointedouttoherthedazzlingfittingsofthecoach;andintruthhereyesopenedwiderandshecontemplatedthesea-greenfiguredvelvet,theshiningbrass,silver,andglass,thewoodthatgleamedasdarklybrilliantasthesurfaceofapoolofoil.Atoneendabronzefiguresturdilyheldasupportforaseparatedchamber,andatconvenientplacesontheceilingwerefrescosinoliveandsilver.

Tothemindsofthepair,theirsurroundingsreflectedthegloryoftheirmarriagethatmorninginSanAntonio;thiswastheenvironmentoftheirnewestate;andtheman’sfaceinparticularbeamedwithanelationthatmadehimappearridiculoustotheNegroporter.Thisindividualattimessurveyedthemfromafarwithanamusedandsuperiorgrin.Onotheroccasionshebulliedthemwithskillinwaysthatdidnotmakeitexactlyplaintothemthattheywerebeingbullied.Hesubtlyusedallthemannersofthemostunconquerablekindofsnobbery.Heoppressedthem.Butofthisoppressiontheyhadsmallknowledge,andtheyspeedilyforgotthatinfrequentlyanumberoftravelerscoveredthemwithstaresofderisiveenjoyment.Historicallytherewassupposedtobesomethinginfinitelyhumorousintheirsituation.

“WearedueinYellowSkyat3:42.”hesaid,lookingtenderlyintohereyes.

“Oh,arewe?”shesaid,asifshehadnotbeenawareofit:Toevince（表现出）surpriseatherhusband’sstatementwaspartofherwifelyamiability.Shetookfromapocketalittlesilverwatch;andasshehelditbeforeher,andstaredatitwithafrownofattention,thenewhusband’sfaceshone.

“IboughtitinSanAntonfromafriendofmine,”hetoldhergleefully.

“It'sseventeenminutespasttwelve,”shesaid,lookingupathimwithakindofshyandclumsycoquetry（调情；卖俏）.Apassenger,notingthisplay,grewexcessivelysardonic,andwinkedathimselfinoneofthenumerousmirrors.

Atlasttheywenttothedining-car.TworowsofNegrowaiters,inglowingwhitesuits,surveyedtheirentrancewiththeinterest,andalsotheequanimity,ofmenwhohadbeenforewarned.Thepairfelltothelotofawaiterwhohappenedtofeelpleasureinsteeringthemthroughtheirmeal.Heviewedthemwiththemannerofafatherlypilot,hiscountenanceradiantwithbenevolence.Thepatronage,entwinedwiththeordinarydeference,wasnotplaintothem.Andyet,astheyreturnedtotheircoach,theyshowedintheirfacesasenseofescape.

1.Thedescriptionofthecouple’sclothesandbehavioratthebeginningofthepassageseemstoindicatethattheyhadasenseof（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingadjectivesbestdepictstheinteriorofthecoach?

3.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheattitudeofotherpeopleonthetraintowardsthecouple?

4.Whichofthefollowingcontainsametaphor?

5.Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthatinthedining-car（）.

问题1选项

A.secrecy

B.elation

C.superiority

D.awkwardness

问题2选项

A.Modern.

B.Luxurious.

C.Practical.

D.Complex.

问题3选项

A.Theyregardedthecoupleasanobjectoffun.

B.Theyexpressedindifferencetowardsthecouple.

C.Theywereverycuriousaboutthecouple.

D.Theyshowedfriendlinesstowardsthecouple.

问题4选项

A....likeamanwaitinginabarber’sshop

B....hiscountenanceradiantwithbenevolence

C....sweepingoverthehorizon,aprecipice

D....asdarklybrilliantasthesurfaceofapoolofoil

问题5选项

A.thewaitersweresnobbish

B.thecouplefeltillatease

C.theservicewassatisfactory

D.thecoupleenjoyedtheirdinner

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:1.判断推理题。根据原文前半部分分别对这对黑人夫妇的描述“他坐在那里像一个在理发店等待的人。他向其他乘客投去的目光是偷偷摸摸的、害羞的。.......他们使她很尴尬。......当她上车时，有些乘客漫不经心地打量着她，这让她羞红了脸。这副相貌平平的下层阶级的脸蛋，原本线条简单，几乎没有什么表情，使得脸上的红晕很奇怪。”通过这些信息我们可以发现，这对夫妇很不自然，所以作者描写他们的着装和行为是为了体现出他们的尴尬，笨拙。所以选项D“awkwardness”正确。secrecy“秘密”；elation“兴高采烈，得意洋洋”；superiority“优越”，其他选项均不正确。

第2题:2.判断推理题。原文第九自然段提到了火车内部的装饰，“thedazzlingfittings令人眼花缭乱的设施”，“thesea-greenfiguredvelvet,theshiningbrass,silver,andglass,thewoodthatgleamedasdarklybrilliantasthesurfaceofapoolofoil.海绿色的天鹅绒、闪闪发光的黄铜、银和玻璃，以及像油池表面一样闪闪发光的木头”，这些信息都表明，火车内部的装饰非常奢华。所以选项B正确。

第3题:3.细节事实题。根据第十自然段“...anumberoftravelerscoveredthemwithstaresofderisiveenjoyment.许多旅客用嘲弄的眼光望着他们。”由此可知，火车上其他人对这对夫妇的态度是把他们当做一个笑柄，所以选项A符合原文。

第4题:4.判断推理题。metaphor指的是隐喻，暗喻。首先需要明确暗喻和明喻的区别，它们都有本体和喻体，但比喻词有差别。明喻一般用like,as,seem,asif,asthough,similarto,suchas等比喻词；暗喻一般不用这些比喻词，直接将某一事物的名称用于另一事物，通过比较形成。选项A和D可首先排除，因为它们属于明喻。选项B不是比喻句，所以只有选项C正确，将地平线比作悬崖。

第5题:5.判断推理题。根据原文最后一个自然段，这对夫妇在餐车区遇到了一位服务员，服务员因为非常高兴所以对他们很友好，但除了这位服务员之外，还有其他的服务员，在第二句的时候就提及“两排穿着闪闪发光的白色西装的黑人侍者，带着事先得到警告的人的兴趣和镇定，盯着入口的地方。”以及最后一句“当他们回到自己车厢时，脸上流露出一种逃离的庆幸。”由此可知，这对夫妇感到非常的不自在，所以选项B正确。

14.单选题

Thehistoryoflifeonearthhasbeenahistoryof（）betweenmanandhissurroundings.

问题1选项

A.interaction

B.interference

C.interpretation

D.integrity

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项interaction“相互影响；互动”；B选项interference“干扰；干涉”；C选项interpretation“解释；翻译”；D选项integrity“正直”。句意：地球上的生命史是一段人类与环境的……史。地球上的生物除了人还有自然，我们与自然是相互影响的，地球的演变与我们和自然的相处息息相关。因此A选项符合题意。

15.单选题

TheSpaceAge（

）inOctober1957whenthefirstartificialsatellitewaslaunchedbytheSovietUnion.

问题1选项

A.initiated

B.originated

C.embarked

D.commenced

【答案】D

【解析】考察动词词义辨析。initiate“开始，发起，创始”;；originate“发源，来自”；embark“开始”；commence“开始”。句意：太空时代开始于1957年10月，第一颗人造卫星是由苏联发射升空的。选项D符合题意。

16.单选题

Itiswellknownthatknowledgeisthe______conditionforexpansionofmind.

问题1选项

A.incompatible

B.incredible

C.indefinite

D.indispensable

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.incompatible不兼容的，互斥的B.incredible不能相信的，难以置信的

C.indefinite期限不定的，不明确的D.indispensable不可或缺的

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】由expansionofmind（开阔思路）可知，knowledgeisthe______condition应该表示“知识是必不可少的条件”，因此，该题选择D项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项都不符合句意。

【句意】众所周知，知识是开阔思路不可或缺的条件。

17.单选题

Coldcompresseseasethepainofthephysicalinjury,butonlytimecould______theeffectoftheinsult.

问题1选项

A.alleviate

B.decelerate

C.缺

D.perish

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项alleviate“减轻，缓和”；B选项decelerate“减速，降低速度”；C选项暂缺；D选项perish“使麻木；毁坏；死亡；毁灭；腐烂；枯萎”。句意：冷敷可以减轻身体受到的伤害，但只有时间才能______受侮辱的影响。影响应用减轻，而不用减速和毁灭，所以A选项正确。

18.单选题

Intheidealizedversionofhowscienceisdone,factsabouttheworldarewaitingtobeobservedandcollectedbyobjectiveresearcherswhousethescientificmethodtocarryouttheirwork.Butintheeverydaypracticeofscience,discoveryfrequentlyfollowsanambiguousandcomplicatedroute.Weaimtobeobjective,butwecannotescapethecontextofouruniquelifeexperience.Priorknowledgeandinterestinfluencewhatweexperience,whatwethinkourexperiencesmean,andthesubsequentactionswetake.Opportunitiesformisinterpretation,error,andself-deceptionabound.

Consequently,discoveryclaimsshouldbethoughtofasprotoscience.Similartonewlystak