考研考博-英语-凯里学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-凯里学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Rarely（

）atechnologicaldevelopment（

）animpactonmanyaspectsofsocial,economic，andculturaldevelopmentasgreatlyasthegrowthofelectronics.

问题1选项

A.has...had

B.had...had

C.has...has

D.have...had

【答案】A

【解析】考查倒装句。句首以否定词rarely“罕见地”开头，后面语句形成部分倒装。句意：很少有一项科技发展能像电子技术的发展那样，对方方面面比如社会、经济、文化等产生如此重要的影响。结合句意及由主语atechnologicaldevelopment可知谓语动词应为hashad。把has提前后可得A选项。

2.单选题

48.Whenaliquidorgasisheatedfrombelow,thefluidtends（

）intocylindricalrolls.

问题1选项

A.itsorganization

B.toorganizeitself

C.andisorganized

D.organizing

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配题。固定搭配tendtodosth.表示“倾向于做…”，B选项正确。

3.单选题

TherebirthofJapanfromtheruinsofWorldWarIIanditsracetotheyear2000isthethemeofRobertGuilian’snewbookTheJapaneseChallenge.Indevelopingthisprovocativesubject,hehasproduced,practically,amanualthatwillbeextremelyhelpfultoanyonedoingbusinesswiththeJapanese.Itisparticularlyrecommendedforthefirst-timevisitortotheLandoftheRisingSun.

TheanalysisoftheadvanceofmodernJapanoverthepast100yearssincetheMeijieragivesamostpenetratinginsightintothebackgroundandforcesthathavebroughtthisfascinatingcountrytowhereshenowisthethirdeconomicpowerintheworlD.WillJapanbecomenumberonebytheyear2000?ThisisthecontroversialquestionGuilianattemptstoanswer,andwhiledoingsounfoldsacompositechronicleofthefactorsthathavecontributedtoJapan'samazinggrowthoverthepasttwentyyears,andthatwillsupportthedrivetowardtheobjectivesofthenextthirtyyears.

Mr.GuilianistheFarEasternrepresentativeofLeMonde,andexhibitsanintimateknowledgeoftheJapanesepeopleandthereasonsfortheirfanaticaldevotiontothedoctrineofthepasttwodecades;economicgrowthaboveallelse.However,itfailstogivefullrecognitiontorecenteventsthattendstoquestiontheeasewithwhichtheracewillberunintheeightiesandnineties.Japanisgoingthroughanevolution.WereadincurrentnewspapersabouttheJapanesehousewifeforsakinghertraditionalimageofdocility,andobjectingtoprices,quality,andservice.TheJapaneseworker,whoisbecomingmoreoffbeathasreachedthepointwherehenolongerwantstoacceptalowstandardofliving;evenJapaneseengineershavenowbeenorganizedintocollectivebargaininggroups.Japaniscaughtupinthespiralofwagesrisingmorerapidlythanproductivity,andJapanoftheManagersfacesseveretestastowhetheraneconomicslowdownwillprevailortheracewillcontinueatthesameunabatedpace.

Mr.GuilianexplainshowtheGovernmentoftheManagershasreplacedtheGovernmentoftheGenerals,andhasbeenabletomaintainthenationalpolicyofindustrialexpansionandachieved"greatnesswithoutthebomb.”TheManagersareconvincedthatinthefuturetheonlyrealpowerwillbeeconomicpower,andthatJapancannotwasteitsstrengthinmilitarybattlesorarmamentraces.

Hecreditstheleadersoftheeconomywithearlyrecognitionofthefactthatwewillbebilgedtoliveinaworldthathasbeenradicallychangedbytherevolutionofthehighlyscientificindustriessuchasthepetrochemicalfieldandtheyquicklydevotedtheresourcescededforexpansioninthesecapital-hungryindustries.

HedelvesintothedaringandunorthodoxfinancialmethodsusedbytheManagersandtheadventurousspiritofthebankerswhoarebackedbytheBankofJapan.Thesepoliciessupportedtherapidacquisitionofthelatestpatents,processes,andequipment,andthebuildingofthemostmodernfactoriesandplant.Thishasresultedinleadershipinmanysegmentsofindustrysuchasjournalism,masstourism,transportation,steel,ship-building,electronics,television,radio,cameras,watches,plastics,motorcycles,andperhapsonthehorizon”automobiles.ItisinterestingtouschemicalengineersandchemiststhatMr.Guilianreferstohugeethyleneproductioncenterswiththeirenormoustowersandmetalspheresas"thenewshrinesoftheJapanoftheyear2000,theprodigioustemplesofthegodindustry.”

TheJapaneseChallengeisrecommendedreadingforthoseseekinganunderstandingofJapan,itshistory,politics,foreignpolicy,defensestrategy,relationswithRedChinaandRussia,Zaikai(bigbusinessgroups),financialinstitutions,tradingcompaniesmanagersunions,educationalstandards,wagestructure,technologicaldevelopments,andthepeoplethemselvesthatkeepthe"bicycleeconomy"pressingonwardintheeconomicrace.

1.Thisarticle（）.

2.Thereviewer'sattitudetowardsthebookis（）.

3.Accordingtotheauthorofthisarticle（）.

4.Accordingtothewriterofthebookthegreatnesswithoutbombwillbeachieved（）.

5.Whatisprobablymeantby“bicycleeconomy”?

问题1选项

A.iswrittenbyRobertGuilian.

B.iswrittenbyMartinM.Ramer.

C.istranslatedfromFrenchbyPatrickO'Brian.

D.iswrittenbyRobertGuilian,translatedbyPatrickO5BrianandreviewedbyMartinM.Ramer.

问题2选项

A.skeptical

B.doubtful

C.thatofapproval

D.indifferent

问题3选项

A.productivityinJapanisdevelopingmorequicklythanthewageraise

B.thewageraiseandproductivityaredevelopingatthesamespeed.

C.thewageraisesurpassestheproductiongrowth.

D.economicdevelopmentwillseeaslowdowninthefutureinJapan.

问题4选项

A.througheconomicdevelopmentattheexpenseofarmament

B.througheconomicdevelopmentinaccordancewitharmament

C.throughthereplacementofthemilitarygovernmentbythegovernmentofmanagers

D.throughtheimplementationofcorrectpolicyineconomicdevelopment

问题5选项

A.thedevelopmentofbicycleindustry

B.keepingthebalanceintheeconomicrace

C.forgingaheadintheeconomicrace

D.independenceandself-relianceineconomicdevelopment

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。通过题干关键词定位到原文第一句“TherebirthofJapanfromtheruinsofWorldWarIIanditsracetotheyear2000isthethemeofRobertGuilian’snewbookTheJapaneseChallenge.”中文翻译：日本从第二次世界大战废墟中的重生及其到2000年的竞赛，这是罗伯特•吉利安新书《日本的挑战》的主题。因此答案为选项A。

2.观点态度题。通过题干定位到原文最后一段“TheJapaneseChallengeisrecommendedreadingforthoseseekinganunderstandingof...”，中文翻译：对于那些寻求理解……的人，《日本的挑战》推荐阅读。可知最佳答案为C选项。

3.细节事实题。根据选项内容定位到文章“Japaniscaughtupinthespiralofwagesrisingmorerapidlythanproductivity.”，中文翻译：日本正处于工资增长速度超过生产率的螺旋上升中。可知答案选择C“工资增长超过了生产增长”。

4.细节事实题。根据题干关键词greatnesswithoutthebomb定位到文章Mr.GuilianexplainshowtheGovernmentoftheManagershasreplacedtheGovernmentoftheGenerals,andhasbeenabletomaintainthenationalpolicyofindustrialexpansionandachieved"greatnesswithoutthebomb.”TheManagersareconvincedthatinthefuturetheonlyrealpowerwillbeeconomicpower,andthatJapancannot,wasteitsstrengthinmilitarybattlesorarmamentraces。中文翻译为：吉利安先生解释了管理人的政府是如何取代将军政府的，以及如何能一直维持国家的工业扩张政策，实现“没有战争的伟大”。管理者们相信，未来唯一的真正实力将是经济实力，日本不能在军事战争或军备竞赛中浪费自己的力量。可知，D项符合题目描述。

5.词义猜测题。根据题干可定位到原文“thepeoplethemselvesthatkeepthe‘bicycleeconomy’pressingonwardintheeconomicrace.”中文翻译为：那些在经济竞赛中继续推动“自行车经济”奋力向前的人。综合可知。C选项为正确答案。

4.单选题

Globalwarmingiscausingmorethan300,000deathsandabout$125billionineconomiclosseseachyear,accordingtoareportbytheGlobalHumanitarianForum,anorganizationledbyKofiAnnan,theformerUnitedNationssecretarygeneral.

Thereport,tobereleasedFridayanalyzeddataandexistingstudiesofhealth,disaster,populationandeconomicstrends.Itfoundthathuman-influencedclimatechangeswasraisingtheglobaldeathratesfromillnessesincludingmalnutrition（营养不良）andheat-relatedhealthproblems.

Butevenbeforeitsrelease,thereportdrewcriticismfromsomeexpertsonclimateandrisk,whoquestioneditsmethodsandconclusions.

Alongwiththedeaths,thereportsaidthatthelivesof325millionpeople,primarilyinpoorcountries,werebeingseriouslyaffectedbyclimatechange.Itprojectedthatthenumberwoulddoubleby2030.

RogerPielkeJr.,apoliticalscientistattheUniversityofColorado,Boulder,whostudiesdisastertrends,saidtheForum’sreportwas“amethodologicalembarrassment”becausetherewasnowaytodistinguishdeathsoreconomiclossesrelatedtohumandrivenglobalwarmingamidthemuchlargerlossesresultingfromthegrowthinpopulationsandeconomicdevelopmentinvulnerableregions.Dr.Pielkesaidthat“climatechangeisanimportantproblemrequiringourutmostattention”.Butthereport,hesaid,“willharmthecauseforactiononbothclimatechangeanddisastersbecauseitissodeeplyflawed（有瑕疵的）”.

However,SorenAnderasen,asocialscientistatDahlbergGlobalDevelopmentPartnerswhosupervisedthewritingofthereport,defendedit,sayingthatitwasclearthatthenumberswereroughestimates.Hesaidthereportwasaimedatworldleaders,whowillmeetinCopenhageninDecembertonegotiateanewinternationalclimatetreaty.

Inapressreleasedescribingthereport,Mr.Annanstressedtheneedforthenegotiationstofocusonincreasingtheflowofmoneyfromrichtopoorregionstohelpreducetheirvulnerabilitytoclimatehazards,whilestillcurbingtheemissionsoftheheattrappinggases.Morethan90%ofthehumanandeconomiclossesfromclimatechangeareoccurringinpoorcountries,accordingtothereport.

1.WhatisthefindingoftheGlobalHumanitarianForum?

2.WhatdowelearnabouttheForum’sreportfromthepassage?

3.WhatdoesDr.PielkesayabouttheForum’sreport?

4.WhatisSorenAndreasen’sviewofthereport?

5.WhatdoesKofiAnnansayshouldbethefocusoftheCopenhagenconference?

问题1选项

A.Globaltemperaturesaffecttherateofeconomicdevelopment

B.Ratesofdeathfromillnesshaverisenduetoglobalwarming

C.Malnutritionhascausedserioushealthproblemsinpoorcountries

D.Economictrendshavetodowithpopulationandnaturaldisasters

问题2选项

A.Itwaschallengedbysomeclimateandriskexperts

B.Itarousedalotofinterestinthescientificcircles

C.Itwaswarmlyreceivedbyenvironmentalists

D.Itcauseabigstirindevelopingcountries

问题3选项

A.Itsstatisticslookembarrassing

B.Itisinvalidintermsofmethodology

C.Itdeservesourclosestattention

D.Itsconclusionispurposelyexaggerated

问题4选项

A.Itsconclusionsarebasedoncarefullycollecteddata

B.Itisvulnerabletocriticismifthestatisticsarecloselyexamined

C.ItwillgiverisetoheateddiscussionsattheCopenhagenconference

D.Itsroughestimatesaremeanttodrawtheattentionofworldleaders

问题5选项

A.Howrichandpoorregionscanshareresponsibilityincurbingglobalwarming

B.Howhumanandeconomiclossesfromclimatechangecanbereduced

C.Howemissionsofheat-trappinggasescanbereducedonaglobalscale

D.Howrichcountriescanbetterhelppoorregionsreduceclimatehazards

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。文章第二段提到“受人类影响的环境变化导致了如营养不良及其他与高温相关的问题死亡率升高”(Itfoundthathuman-influencedclimatechangeswasraisingtheglobaldeathratesfromillnessesincludingmalnutritionandheat-relatedhealthproblems)，选项B“由于全球变暖，死亡率上身”符合题意。

第2题:细节事实题。文章第三段提到“在这篇报告发表之前就已经引起了很多气象和风险专家的批判”（Butevenbeforeitsrelease,thereportdrewcriticismfromsomeexpertsonclimateandrisk,whoquestioneditsmethodsandconclusions），因此选项A“受到一些气象和风险专家的挑战”符合题意。

第3题:细节事实题。文章第五段提到皮尔克博士对于报告的看法，他认为这次报告就是一个方法论的尴尬（amethodologicalembarrassment），随后又解释了原因，由此可知在皮尔克博士看来，这个报告在方法论上是不成立的，选项B符合题意。

第4题:细节事实题。文章第六段提到“很明显报告中的数据是粗略估计的，并且他认为这个报告是针对各国领导人提出的”（whosupervisedthewritingofthereport,defendedit,sayingthatitwasclearthatthenumberswereroughestimates.Hesaidthereportwasaimedatworldleaders,whowillmeetinCopenhageninDecembertonegotiateanewinternationalclimatetreaty），选项D“它的粗略估计是为了引起领导人的注意”符合题意。

第5题:推理判断题。文章最后一段提到“在新闻发布会上，安南强调需要增加从富裕国家到贫穷国家的资金流动，来帮助减少气候变化给他们造成的伤害”（Inapressreleasedescribingthereport,Mr.Annanstressedtheneedforthenegotiationstofocusonincreasingtheflowofmoneyfromrichtopoorregionstohelpreducetheirvulnerabilitytoclimatehazards,whilestillcurbingtheemissionsoftheheattrappinggases），选项D“富裕国家怎样更好地帮助贫穷国家减少气候带来的危害”符合题意。

5.单选题

Letter-writinggoesbacktothousandsofyearsbutheatedupduringtheMiddleAgesandRenaissance.Historically(perhapsnow)letterswereindicatorsofstatusandbreeding.Likeconversation,theywereusedtomanipulate,embellish,entertain,threaten,seduceandofcoursedobusiness.OnthewayhomefromdiscoveringAmerica,ChristopherColumbusgotcaughtinastormandhismindturned—asagoodbourgeoisparent—tohistwosons.Whowouldpaytheirschoolfeesifhecametoawateryend?HepickedupaquillanddocumentedhisaccomplishmentsonthevoyageforhisSpanishpatrons,KingFerdinandandQueenIsabella,rolleduptheletterinawoodenMadeiracaskandthrewitintothesea.ThiswasnotsomuchforposteritybutratherwhatUniversityofYorkprofessorWilliamH.Shermanhascalled“afather’sdesperatepetitionforthefuturesupportofhischildren.”

The18thcenturywasstrongontheepistolarybook,whichmadeauthors’quarrelsespeciallyamusing.TobiasSmollettwroteTravelsThroughFrance&Italy(myfavoritelettercontainshisdescriptionofFrenchwomen:“Astheirfacesareconcealedunderafalsecomplexion,sotheirheadsarecoveredwithavastloadoffalsehair,frizzledattheforehead,soasexactlytoresemblethewoollyheadsoftheGuineanegroes”).HisapproachtoanythingforeignwasconsideredsofullofspleenbyauthorLaurenceSternethathewasmovedtowriteASentimentalJourney.ThissatiricalnovelgivesSmollettthenameSmelfungus—acantankerousmanaddictedtoexaggeration,whotalksofbeing“flay’dalive”bycannibals:“I’lltellit,criedSmelfungus,totheworld.Youhadbettertellit,saidI,toyourphysician.”SamuelJohnson,inreferringtohisownletters,claims“...hissoulliesnaked”buthehaddoubtsaboutthetruthfulnessofothers,writingthattherewas“notransactionwhichoffersstrongertemptationstofallacyandsophisticationthanepistolaryintercourse.”

How-tobooksabounded.Letters,apartfrombusinessones,wereseenasafemininetask,andtemplatesaddressedfeminineproblems.TheNewAcademyofComplements,forexample,publishedin1671,titledthelettertobewrittenbyabandonedwomen“ACrack’tVirgintoHerDeceitfulFriend.”Hand-writingisthemotif.“Nowyouappearsofoul,thatnothingcanbemoremonstrous;isthisthefruitofyourPromisesandVows...howcomesitthentopass,thatyouforsakeme,ruinmyReputation,andleavemetobecometheMapofShameandIgnominy…”IlongtousetheMapofShamebitbutIsuspectitwasasunhelpfulthenasboilingbunniesisnow.

AVanderbiltUniversitystudywayschildrentaughtcursivewritinglearnandexpressthemselvesbetter.Ifso,Ihaveafewsuggestionsforoureducators.Howaboutletters“OnReprimandingaPersonofDifferenceWithoutIncurringHateCharges”,or“AnAilingCitizentoHisCallousMinisterofHealth.”Thepossibilitiesare,sadly,limitless.

1.Letter-writing（）.

2.ASentimentalJourneybyLaurenceSterne（）.

3.SamuelJohnson（）.

4.Thethirdparagraphsuggestedthat（）.

5.Attheendofthearticle,theauthorsuggestedthat（）.

问题1选项

A.waswidelyacceptedthousandsofyearsago

B.couldserveawidevarietyofpurposesinthepast

C.servedasadocumentforwardedtotheKingandQueeninColumbus’case

D.helpedColumbusobtainfinancialsupportforhissons

问题2选项

A.isbasedonthestoriestoldinTravelsThroughFrance&Italy

B.isasequelofTravelsThroughFrance&Italy

C.isatravelogue

D.hasacharactermodeledonTobiasSmollett

问题3选项

A.truthfullyrecordedhislifeinhisletters

B.wasexceptionallytruetohimself

C.suggestedthatletter-writingwasmoretemptingthananyotherformsofwriting

D.suggestedthatlettersweremoresusceptibletofallacy

问题4选项

A.womencouldmakebetterletterwriters

B.lettersweremainlyaddressedtoabandonedwomeninhistory

C.thecentralthemeofletterswastheconcernanddespairofwomen

D.theauthorofhisarticlehadthesameexperienceasthewomenquoted

问题5选项

A.childrenshouldbetaughtcursivewritingsinceitmayhelpthembetterexpressthemselves

B.letter-writingcouldachieveasmuchascursivewriting

C.educatorsshouldencourageletter-writinginschools

D.he/shehasidentifiedalotofproblemsofoursociety

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.推理判断题。由A选项可以定位到第一段第一句Letter-writinggoesbacktothousandsofyearsbutheatedupduringtheMiddleAgesandRenaissance.（书信可以追溯到几千年前，但在中世纪和文艺复兴时期非常盛行。），说明几千年前书信还没有广泛盛行，所以A选项“在几千年前就被广泛接受”错误。由B选项可以定位到文章第一段第二、三句Historically(perhapsnow)letterswereindicatorsofstatusandbreeding.Likeconversation,theywereusedtomanipulate,embellish,entertain,threaten,seduceandofcoursedobusiness.（从历史上来看，也许现在也一样，书信是地位和教养的指示器。就像谈话一样，它们被用来操纵、修饰、娱乐、威胁、引诱，当然还有做生意。），说明书信不止在过去起到了多种作用，现在也一样，所以B选项“在过去可以起到多种作用”错误。D选项“帮助哥伦布为他的儿子们争取到了经济支持”，文章只说了哥伦布通过书信为儿子争取帮助，但没有说结果，所以D错误。由C选项可以定位到文章第一段第六句HepickedupaquillanddocumentedhisaccomplishmentsonthevoyageforhisSpanishpatrons,KingFerdinandandQueenIsabella,rolleduptheletterinawoodenMadeiracaskandthrewitintothesea.（他拿起羽毛笔，为他的西班牙赞助人——斐迪南国王和伊莎贝拉王后记录下他在航行中的成就，把信卷在一个木制的马德拉酒桶里，扔进了海里。），可知哥伦布在书信中记录下自己的成就，交给国王和王后。因此C选项“作为哥伦布交给国王和王后的文件”正确。

2.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第三、四句HisapproachtoanythingforeignwasconsideredsofullofspleenbyauthorLaurenceSternethathewasmovedtowriteASentimentalJourney.ThissatiricalnovelgivesSmollettthenameSmelfungus—acantankerousmanaddictedtoexaggeration（作家劳伦斯•斯特恩认为他对待任何外国事物的方式都充满了愤怒，于是写下了ASentimentalJourney这本书。这部讽刺小说给斯摩莱特起了个名字“臭真菌”——一个爱夸大其辞、脾气暴躁的人），说明ASentimentalJourney这本书中有托比亚斯•斯摩莱特同样性格的人物。因此D选项“有一个以托比亚斯•斯摩莱特为原型的角色”正确。A选项“是根据TravelsThroughFrance&Italy中讲述的故事改编的”，B选项“是TravelsThroughFrance&Italy的续集”，C选项“是一篇游记”在文中均没有提及，所以A，B，C错误。

3.推理判断题。A选项“在书信中如实记录了自己的一生”，根据文章第二段最后一句SamuelJohnson,inreferringtohisownletters,claims“...hissoulliesnaked”（塞缪尔•约翰逊在提到他自己的信件时说：“……他的灵魂是赤裸裸的”），是说他写信时很真实，但没有说他记录了自己的一生，所以A错误。B选项“对自己格外真实”，原文只说了他在写信时很真实，所以B错误。C选项“提出写信比其他任何形式的写作都更有诱惑力”，根据文章第二段最后一句notransactionwhichoffersstrongertemptationstofallacyandsophisticationthanepistolaryintercourse.（没有任何交易比书信交流更容易产生谬误和复杂的诱惑。），没有说到其他形式的写作，所以C错误。D选项“提出书信更容易产生谬误”符合原文内容，正确。

4.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到第三段，第三段中说到书信的内容是Nowyouappearsofoul,thatnothingcanbemoremonstrous;isthisthefruitofyourPromisesandVows...howcomesitthentopass,thatyouforsakeme,ruinemyReputation,andleavemetobecometheMapofShameandIgnominy…（现在你显得如此肮脏，没有什么比这更可怕的了；这是你承诺和誓言的结果吗……那么，你怎么会抛弃我，毁掉我的名誉，让我成为耻辱和不光彩的地图……），可以看出书信表现出了女性的担忧和绝望。因此C选项“书信的中心主题是女性的担忧和绝望”正确。A选项“女性可以成为更好的写信人”，D选项“文章的作者与被引用的妇女有同样的经历”在文中均没有提及，所以A，D错误。B选项“书信主要是写给历史上被遗弃的妇女的”，由原文可知是这些被抛弃的女性所写的信，所以B错误。

5.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章最后一段，最后一段中说到Ifso,Ihaveafewsuggestionsforoureducators.Howaboutletters…（如果是这样，我有一些建议给我们的教育者……的信件怎么样），说明作者认为学校应该培养学生写信的能力。因此C选项“教育工作者应该在学校鼓励书信活动”正确。A选项“应教儿童学习草书，因为草书可以帮助他们更好地表达自己的想法”，文章说到草书让儿童更好地学习和表达自己，但没有说作者支持教儿童学习草书，所以A错误。B选项“书信可以达到和草书一样的效果”，D选项“他/她发现了我们社会的很多问题”在文中均没有提及，所以B，D错误。

6.不定项选择题

PerhapstherealvirtueoftheUglyRipe’s“ugliness,”whichisnothingcomparedwiththedeformedbeautyoftrueheirloomtomatoes,isthatithelpsusseehowstrangetheuniformityofregularwintertomatoesreallyis.Forabackyardgrower,tasteiseverything.Butincommercialproduction,tasteisanabstraction.Itiswhat’sleftafteralltheothercriteriaforagoodcommercialtomatohavebeenmet:diseaseresistance,regularshape,consistentripening,theabilitytowithstandpickingandpackingandshipping,alongshelflife.Tasteistoosubjective,accordingtotheFloridaTomatoCommittee,tojudgetomatoesby.

TheUglyRipemaybeabettertomato.Afterall,itsgrowershaveselectedforbettertaste,notperfectshape.ButonethingthatwouldcertainlymaketheUglyRipeabettertomatoisadifferentwayofgrowingit.SantaSweetsproducesorganicUglyRipes,buttheyarefewandhardtofind.Itnowgrowsitsconventionaltomatoeswithoutusingagriculturalchemicalsthatcarryreproductiverisks—butitstillusesmethylbromide,apowerful,ozone---depletingpesticide,tofumigatethesoilinwhichconventionalUglyRipesgrow.

UnderthetermsoftheMontrealProtocol,theuseofmethylbromidewassupposedtobephasedoutcompletelybyJanuary2005.Butforthepastfewyears,theBushadministrationhasclaimedanexemptionfor“criticaluses,”oneofwhichisgrowingwintertomatoesinFlorida.Weusedtoconsideritaluxurytoeatfruitsandvegetablesoutofseason.Butwhatweeatoutofseasonhasbeenmachinedtowithstandtherigorsofthesupplychainandproducedinwaysthatonlyourignorancecansustain.Thetruthisthatthereisnoluxury---norcriticaluse—init.Evenanugly,better-tastingwintertomatoisn’tworththeprice.

59.Theword“machined”inthelastparagraphmeans（）.

60.Thecriteriaforagoodcommercialtomatodoesnotinclude（）.

61.（）makestheUglyRipebetter.

62.Methylbromideisusedto（）.

63.Methylbromide,apowerfulozone-depletingpesticide（）.

64.Themainpointofthisarticleis（）.

问题1选项

A.amachinethathasbeenused

B.usingasamachine

C.unconditioned

D.conditioned

问题2选项

A.theabilitytowithstandpicking,packing,andshipping

B.consistentripening

C.brightredcolor

D.disease,resistance

问题3选项

A.Itsshape

B.Itsshelflife

C.Itstaste

D.Itsbrightredcolor

问题4选项

A.fumigatethesoil

B.fumigatetheplants

C.fumigatethetomato

D.noneoftheabove

问题5选项

A.iscommonlyusedtoday

B.issafefortheatmosphere

C.wastobecompletelyphasedoutbyJanuary2005

D.issafefortheenvironment

问题6选项

A.findingtomatoesthattastegood

B.whatbackyardgrowersneedmost

C.thereisnoluxurynorcriticaluseworththepriceofpoisoningourenvironment

D.whatyoudon’tknowwon’thurtyou

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:C

第6题:C

【解析】59.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】词义辨析题。根据题干，可以定位到文章最后一段倒数第二句Butwhatweeatoutofseasonhasbeenmachinedtowithstandtherigorsofthesupplychainandproducedinwaysthatonlyourignorancecansustain（但我们吃的非季节性食物经过加工，经受住了供应链的严酷考验，而且只有我们的无知才能维持下去），最后一段讲到：人们以前认为吃非季节性水果或蔬菜很奢侈，然而现在这些非季节性产品已经适应了供应的需求，因为人们使用农药大量的生产非季节性水果或蔬菜。所以machine在这里的意思是表示“适应”。D选项“使适应”，符合文章词义，D选项正确。A选项“被使用过的机器”，文章的词义应该是一个动词，A选项名词可排除。B选项“作为机器使用”，不符合文章内容，可排除。C选项“无条件的”，不符合文章内容，可排除。因此D选项正确。

60.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据文章第一段第三句Itiswhat’sleftafteralltheothercriteriaforagoodcommercialtomatohavebeenmet:diseaseresistance,regularshape,consistentripening,theabilitytowithstandpickingandpackingandshipping,alongshelflife.（它是在一个好的商业番茄的所有其他标准都得到满足之后剩下的东西：抗病、形状规则、成熟一致、经得起采摘、包装和运输的能力、保质期长）。C选项“明艳大红色彩”，在文章没有提到，C选项可排除。A选项“经得起挑选、包装和运输的能力”，文章提到，经得起采摘、包装和运输的能力，A选项可排除。B选项“一致的成熟”，文章提到，成熟一致，B选项可排除。D选项“抗病性”，文章提到，抗病能力，D选项可排除。因此C选项正确。

61.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据第二段第一句TheUglyRipemaybeabettertomato.Afterall,itsgrowershaveselectedforbettertaste,notperfectshape.（UglyRipe可能是更好的番茄。毕竟，它的种植者选择更好的口味，而不是完美的形状）。C选项“它的口感”，符合文章内容，故答案选项为C。A选项“它的形状”，跟文章内容正好相反，可排除。B选项“它的保质期”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除。D选项“鲜红的颜色”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除。因此C选项正确。

62.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据文章第二段倒数第三句butitstillusesmethylbromide,apowerful,ozone-depletingpesticidetofumigatethesoil.（但它仍然使用甲基溴，一种强大的、消耗臭氧的杀虫剂来熏蒸土壤），A选项“用烟熏消毒土壤”，符合文章内容，A选项正确，B选项“香薰植物”，文章没有提到香薰植物，可排除B选项。C选项“香薰番茄”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除。D选项“以上都不是”，可排除。因此A选项正确。

63.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据最后一段第二句theuseofmethylbromidewassupposedtobephasedoutcompletelybyJanuary2005（甲基溴的使用应该在2005年1月之前完全停止），也就是说这种农药会完全停止。bephasedout（逐渐淘汰，逐渐停止），C选项“会在2005年1月前完全淘汰”，符合文章内容。A选项“现在被广泛使用”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除。B选项“对大气安全”，文章提到甲基溴是一种强消耗农药，可知会对大气造成污染。D选项“对环境安全”，文章提到农药会破坏环境，D选项可排除。因此C选项正确。

64.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】主旨大意题。文章从西红柿的种植开始，到最后一段讲到农药的使用，才涉及到了文章的主题“thetruthisthatthereisnoluxury—norcriticaluse—init”这里的it指的便是环境。这些关键性的使用和奢侈的代价绝没有破换环境的代价大。A选项“找到好吃的西红柿”，B选项“这是后院种植者最需要的”，C选项“任何奢侈或重要用途都不值得我们为污染环境付出代价”和D选项“你不知道的事不会伤害你”中对文章的主旨概括最准确的是C选项。因此C选项正确。

7.单选题

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