考研考博-英语-华东交通大学理工学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-华东交通大学理工学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

MargaretMead'sreputationwasestablishedwiththepublicationofherbookin1928andwasenhancedbyhermanysubsequentcontributionstoanthropology.

问题1选项

A.obscured

B.entranced

C.heightened

D.restored

【答案】C

【解析】句意：enhanced意为“提高，增强”。obscured掩盖，遮蔽；entranced着迷的，狂喜的；heightened提高，升高；restored修复，恢复。选项C与之意思相近。

2.单选题

PassageOne

问题1选项

A.Robotswilltakeovertheworld.

B.Robotswillrenderthemjobless.

C.Robotscanbeoverusedinhomes.

D.Robotscanbecontrollingtheirlives.22.

问题2选项

A.Itiswelldevelopedforhomeuse.

B.Itstillhastechnicalobstaclestoovercome.

C.Itcanworkindangerousplacesorsituations.

D.Ithasthepotentialtobebuiltwithalaserdevice.23.

问题3选项

A.Risingcostoflabor.

B.Increasingamountofwealth.

C.Growingnumberofagedpeople.

D.Pressingneedsformodernization.24.

问题4选项

A.Enthusiastic.

B.Indifferent.

C.Doubtful.

D.Resentful.25.

问题5选项

A.People’saffordability.

B.People’sacceptance.

C.Technicaladvances.

D.Marketpromotion.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】Robotshavebeeninthenewsalotlately.Andarecentpollfoundthat1/3oftheUKpublicisconcernedthatrobotswilltakeovertheirjobs.Butwhataboutrobotsinthehome?Oneofthemostpopularrobotsforthehomeisarobotvacuumcleaner,whichcanalsomassivelycleanyourhomewithverylittlehumaninput.AnitaroboticsisacompanystartedbyagroupofroboticsengineersfromStanfordUniversity.Theywantedtouserobotstoperformhumanchoresatanaffordableprice.ThetechnologytheydevelopedfortheirvacuumcleanersusesalaserGuidesystemtomapoutthehomein360degrees.Thisenablesthemachinetoavoidobstaclesanddangerslikestairs.AlotofsouthernEuropeancountriesareembracingthiscategoryandalsoinScandinavia.

TheScandinavianmarkethasbeenveryinteresting.They’vedonealotofresearchintryingtomodernizetheirwealth,wheretheyhaveagrowingagingpopulation.Andtheyarelookingtodeployroboticvacuumcleanersinoldpeople’shomestoactuallydothecleaning.Andnow,almost30%oftheusersareover55yearsofage.It’saverybroadspectrumofpeople.IntheUK,therehasbeenarelativelyslowadoptionofrobotsinthehome.Ithinkmaybeasaculture,we’reabitmoreskepticalonhowgoodcantheserebelsreallyperformandtaketheplaceofdoingmyvacuuming?Ibelievethiswilltakeawhilebeforerobotsareabletodoeverythingforus,atleastintheUK.Italsodependsonpeople’swillingnesstoallowthesemachinesintoourdailylives.

21.Whatwastheconcernintherecentpoll?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干为：最近的民意调查关注的是什么？由文中“Andarecentpollfoundthat1/3oftheUKpublicisconcernedthatrobotstakeovertheirjobs.（最近的一项民意调查表明三分之一的英国民众对机器人会取代他们的工作表示关注。）”，可知B选项“Robotswillrenderthemjobless.（机器人会使他们失业。）”符合原文。A选项“机器人会统治世界”；C选项“机器人在家会被过度使用”；D选项“机器人可以控制他们的生活”不符合原文。

22.Whatcanwelearnabouttherobotvacuumcleaner?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干为：关于机器人吸尘器，我们能了解到什么？由文中“Theywantedtouserobotstoperformhumanchoresatanaffordableprice.（他们想使用机器人以合理的价格承担人们的家务）”，可知A选项“Itiswelldevelopedforhomeuse.（很好地在家庭中使用）”符合原文。B选项“它仍然有技术障碍要克服”；C选项“它可以在危险的地方或情况下工作”；D选项“它在用激光设备建造方面有潜力”不符合原文。

23.WhatisthemajorreasonbehindthepopularityofthecleanerintheScandinavianmarket?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干为：清洁器在斯堪的纳维亚市场受欢迎的主要原因是什么？由文中“TheScandinavianmarkethasbeenveryinteresting.They’vedonealotofresearchintryingtomodernizetheirwealth,wheretheyhaveagrowingagingpopulation.Andtheyarelookingtodeployroboticvacuumcleanersinoldpeople'shomestoactuallydothecleaning.（斯堪的纳维亚市场非常有趣。他们在使财富现代化方面做了很多研究，在这里老龄化人口较多。而且，他们希望运用机器人真空吸尘器在老人家中帮他们从事实际的清洁打扫工作）”，可知在斯堪的纳维亚地区吸尘器流行的一个原因是老龄化，所以C选项“Growingnumberofagedpeople.（增长的老年人口）”符合原文。A选项“劳动成本上升”；B选项“财富的增长”；D选项“现代化的迫切需求”不符合原文。

24.HowdopeopleintheUKreacttotherobotvacuumcleaner?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干为：英国人对机器人吸尘器有什么反应？由文中“IntheUK,therehasbeenarelativelyslowadoptionofrobotsinthehome.Ithinkmaybeasaculture,we'reabitmoreskepticalonhowgoodcanthisrebelsreallyperform…（在英国，家庭对于机器人的接受还是相对较慢的。我想可能是因为文化的原因，我们对如何运用好这一新事物持有一点怀疑态度……）”，可知C选项“怀疑”符合原文。A选项“乐观”；B选项“漠不关心的”；D选项“气氛”不符合原文。

25.Whatisimportanttothewideuseofrobotsinthefuture?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干为：什么对未来机器人的广泛应用是重要的？由文中“Italsodependsonpeople’swillingnesstoallowthesemachinesintoourdailylives.（这取决于人们是否愿意让这些机器人进入我们的日常生活）”，可知机器人在未来的使用在于B选项“People’sacceptance.（人们的接受度）”符合原文。A选项“人们的负担能力”；C选项“技术进步”；D选项“市场推广”不符合原文。

3.单选题

Ascientist______judgmentandrefrainsfromdrawingconclusionsuntilallthefactsareknown.

问题1选项

A.delays

B.postpones

C.suspends

D.adjourns

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项delays“延期；（使）耽搁；推迟”（多指因外界原因推迟或耽误，也可指有意推迟）；B选项postpones“使……延期；把……放在次要地位；把……放在后面；延缓，延迟；延缓发作”（正式用词，语气较强，多指有安排的延期，常指明延期到一定的时间）；C选项suspends“延缓，推迟；使暂停；使悬浮；悬浮；禁赛”（指暂时中断以待某种条件的实现）；D选项adjourns“休会；延期；换地方；推迟；使……中止；使……延期”（多指会议休会、法庭休庭或审判延期）。句意：科学家暂时停止了判断和总结,直到所有的证据都摆在眼前。因此C选项正确。

4.单选题

Whenyouareinexcellenthealth,deathis（

）unimaginable.

问题1选项

A.nothingbut

B.afterall

C.aboveall

D.allbut

【答案】D

【解析】考查短语搭配。nothingbut“只不过，只有”；afterall“毕竟”；aboveall“总之”；allbut“几乎”。句意：当你身体健康的时候，死亡几乎是不可想象的。

5.翻译题

Inthissection,therearetenEnglishsentences.TranslatethemintoproperChineseandwritetheanswersonyouranswersheet.

IcamebackyesterdayfromHongKongwhereIhadspenttwoweeksvacationafterthecompletionoftheconstructionjobIhadbeeninchargeofinthesouth.

Ashewalkedaway,heturnedforonelastglimpseofherinthedoorway,tinyandsmilingandwavinggood-bye.

I’mlonelyonlywhenIamovertired,whenIhaveworkedtoolongwithoutabreak,whenforthetimebeingIfeelemptyandneedfillingup.

Hiswordsfailedhimforthemoment.

Theatrewillbereinventedandbecomemuchfreerandmoreimaginative.

Greateffortsshouldbemadetoinformyoungpeopleespeciallythedreadfulconsequencesoftakingupthehabit.

Forcountlessagesthesunroseandset,themoonwaxedandwaned,thestarsshoneinthenight,butitwasonlywiththecomingofManthatthesethingswereunderstood.

Manysketchesareinexistenceofpeasantsseatedbytheroadsideandmenandwomenatworkinthefields.

For20yearswewerepassivewitnessestothedeteriorationofpricesofourrawmaterialsandanexcessiveincreaseofthepricesofmanufacturedgoods.

Thestatementdeclaredthattheinternationaleconomicordermustbechangedorthegapbetweendevelopedanddevelopingcountrieswouldcontinuetowiden.

【答案】我在南方负责一项工程建设，任务完成之后，到香港度了两个星期的假，昨天刚回来。

当他离开吋，他回过头来看了她最后一眼。只见她站在门口，体态娇小，面带微笑，挥手向他告别。

只有在我过度劳累的吋候，在我长时间不间断地工作的吋候，在我感到内心空虚，需要充实的吋候，我才会感到寂寞。

他一时说不出话来了。

戏剧将脱胎换骨，变得更自由，更富想象力。

应该尽最大努力告诫年轻人，特别是上瘾后的可怕后果。

太阳升升落落，月亮盈盈亏亏，夜空星光闪烁，无数岁月就这样过去了，只是到人类出现以后，这些才被理解。

至今仍保存着许多素描，画的是坐在路旁的农民和在田间劳作的男女。

我们在20年内坐视原料价格下跌与工业品价格暴涨。

声明宣称：国际经济秩序必须改变，否则发达国家与发展中国家之间的差距将继续扩大。

6.单选题

Anenergytaxwouldcurbordinaryairpollution,limitoilimportsandcutthebudget（

）.

问题1选项

A.disposition

B.defect

C.discrepancy

D.deficit

【答案】D

【解析】【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项disposition“处置，性情”；B选项defect“缺点，劣势”；C选项discrepancy“不符，矛盾”；D选项deficit“赤字”。根据动词“cut削减，砍掉”和“budget预算”，可知空格部分单词意思为“赤字，不足额”，句意为：能源税能抑制普通的空气污染，限制石油进口和削减预算赤字。故正确答案选D。

7.单选题

Nevertheless,researchersofthePleistoceneepochhavedevelopedallsortsofmoreorlessfancifulmodelschemesofhowtheywouldhavearrangedtheIceAge（

）inchargeofevents.

问题1选项

A.theyhadbeen

B.hadtheybeen

C.theyhadhavebeen

D.werethey

【答案】B

【解析】考查倒装句。If引导的虚拟条件句省略if时，谓语动词或助动词提到主语前，形成主谓倒装。题干中had提到they前面，形成部分倒装。How引导的这个句子的正常语序应该是：Iftheyhadbeeninchargeofevents,theywouldhavearrangedtheIceAgeinfancifulmodelschemes。因此B选项符合题意。

8.单选题

Whenevertwoormoreunusualtraitsorsituationsarefoundinthesameplace,itistemptingtolookformorethanacoincidentalrelationshipbetweenthem.ThehighHimalayasandtheTibetanplateaucertainlyhaveextraordinaryphysicalcharacteristicsandthecultureswhicharefoundtherearealsounusual,thoughnotunique.HoweverthereisnointentionofadoptingMontesquieuviewofclimateandsoilasculturaldeterminants.Theecologyofaregionmerelyposessomeoftheproblemsfacedbytheinhabitantsoftheregion,andwhiletheproblemsfacingacultureareimportanttoitsdevelopment,theydonotdetermineit.

TheappearanceoftheHimalayasduringthelateTertiaryPeriodandtheaccompanyingfurtherraisingofthepreviouslyestablishedrageshadamarkedeffectontheclimateoftheregion.Primarily,ofcourse,itblockedtheIndianmonsoonfromreachingCentralAsiaatall.Secondarily,airandmoisturefromotherdirectionswerealsoreduced.

PriortotheraisingoftheHimalayas,thelandnowformingtheTibetanuplandshadadry,continentalclimatewithvegetationandanimallifesimilartothatofmuchoftherestoftheregiononthesameparallel,butsomewhatdifferentthanthatoftheareasfarthernorth,whichwerealreadydrier.WiththecomingoftheHimalayasandtherelativelysuddendryingoutoftheregion,therewasaseverethinningoutoftheanimalandplantpopulation.TheensuingincompletePleistoceneglaciationshadafurtherthinningeffect,butsignificantlydidnotwipeoutlifeinthearea.Thusaftertheendoftheglaciationstherewereonlyafewvarietiesoflifeextantfromtheoriginalcontinentalspecies.IsolatedbytheKunlunrangefromtheTarimbasinandTurfandepression,specieswhichhadalreadyadaptedtothedrysteppeclimate,andwouldotherwisehavebeenexpectedtoflourishinTibetan,theremainingnativefaunaandfloramultiplied.ArmanddescribestheTibetanfaunaasnothavinggreatvariety,butbeing"striking*'intheabundanceoftheparticularspeciesthatarepresent.Theplantlifeissimilarlylimitedinvariety,withsomeobserversfindingnomorethanseventyvarietiesofplantsineventherelativelyfertileEasternTibetanvalleys,withfewerthantenfoodcrops.Tibetan"tea"isamajorstaple,perhapsreplacingtheunavailablevegetables.

Thedifficultiesoflivinginanenvironmentatoncedryandcold,andpopulatedwithspeciesmoreusuallyfoundinmorehospitableclimates,aregreat.Thesedifficultiesmaywellhaveinfluencedtheunusualpolyandrous(一妻多夫制)societiestypicaloftheregion.Lattimoreseesthemaintenanceofmultiple-husbandhouseholdsasbeingpreservedfromearlierformsbytheharshconditionsoftheTibetanuplands,whichpermittednoexperimentationand"froze"thecultureswhichcamethere.Kawakita,ontheotherhand,seesthepolyandryasawayofeasilypermittingthebesthouseholdertobecometheheadhusbandregardlessofage.HisdetailedstudiesoftheBhoteavillageofTsumjedoseemtosupportthisideaofpolyandryasamethodoftalentmobilityisasituationwhereeventhebesttalentisbarelyenoughforsurvival.

Insum,thoughargumentscanbemadethatapre-existingpolyandroussystemwasstrengthenedandpreserved(insofarasithasbeen)bytherigorsoftheland,itwouldcertainlybeanoverstatementtolaycausativefactorsofanystrongernaturetotheecologicalinfluencesinthiscase.

1.Whatarethe“unusualtraitsorsituations”referredtointhefirstsentence?

2.Thepurposeofthepassageisto（

）.

3.Theauthor’sknowledgeofTibetisprobably

（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwouldprobablybethemostagreeabletoMontesquieu?

5.ThespeciesoffaunaandfloraremaininginTibetafterthePleistoceneglaciationscanproperlybecalledcontinentalbecausethey（

）.

问题1选项

A.Patternsofanimalandplantgrowth.

B.FoodandfoodpreparationpatternsoftheuplandTibetans.

C.SocialandfamilialorganizationoftypicalTibetansociety.

D.Alloftheabove.

问题2选项

A.analyzethepossiblecausallinksbetweenTibetanecologyandsociety

B.describethesocialorganizationoftypicalTibetanvillages

C.describeTibetanfaunaandflora

D.analyzethemysteriesofthesuddenappearanceoftheHimalayas

问题3选项

A.basedonfirsthandexperience

B.theresultoflifelongstudies

C.derivedfrombooksonly

D.limitedtogeologicalhistory

问题4选项

A.Allregionshavedifferentsoilsandthus,differentcultures.

B.someregionswithsimilarclimateswillhavesimilarcultures.

C.Culturesinthesamearea,sharingsoilandclimate,willbeessentiallyidentical.

D.Theplantsofacountry,bybeingthefoodofitspeople,causethepeopletohavesimilarviewstooneanother.

问题5选项

A.areoriginallyfoundincontinentalclimates

B.aretheonlylifeformsinTibet,whichisasbigasacontinent

C.havebeenfoundinotherpartsoftheAsiancontinent

D.arefoundinlandmassthatusedtobeaseparatecontinent

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。题目提问‘第一句中提到的“不寻常的特征或情况”是什么？’根据第三段第一句“..thelandnowformingtheTibetanuplandshadadry,continentalclimatewithvegetationandanimallifesimilartothatofmuchoftherestoftheregiononthesameparallel,butsomewhatdifferentthanthatoftheareasfarthernorth,whichwerealreadydrier.青藏高原地带是干燥的大陆性气候，动物和植被与同纬度的相似，但是与更北的地区有些不同，那里更干燥。”可以推知A项动植物生长模式‘’符合其特征。根据第三段倒数第二句“Theplantlifeissimilarlylimitedinvariety,withsomeobserversfindingnomorethanseventyvarietiesofplantsineventherelativelyfertileEasternTibetanvalleys,withfewerthantenfoodcrops.Tibetan"tea"isamajorstaple,perhapsreplacingtheunavailablevegetables.这种植物的品种也同样有限，一些观察人士发现，即使是相对肥沃的东部藏谷，也不超过70种植物。只有不到10种粮食作物。藏文“茶”是主要的主食，也许可以取代不可缺少的蔬菜。”可知B项‘高原藏人的食物和食物制作模式’符合。根据第四段中“Thesedifficultiesmaywellhaveinfluencedtheunusualpolyandroussocietiestypicaloftheregion.这些困难肯定对当地后来不同寻常的一妻多夫制的出现产生了影响”可知，可知C选项‘典型的藏族社会家庭组织’符合。所以ABC选项都谈及到了这种不寻常的特征，所以D选项正确。

2.主旨大意题。题目提问‘这篇文章的目的是什么？’文章第一段最后一句‘Theecologyofaregionmerelyposessomeoftheproblemsfacedbytheinhabitantsoftheregion,andwhiletheproblemsfacingacultureareimportanttoitsdevelopment,theydonotdetermineit.一个地区的生态只造成该地区居民所面临的一些问题，而一种文化所面临的问题虽然对其发展很重要，但并不能决定它的发展。’指出生态会影响但不决定人文风气。最后一段尾句“Insum,thoughargumentscanbemadethatapre-existingpolyandroussystemwasstrengthenedandpreserved(insofarasithasbeen)bytherigorsoftheland,itwouldcertainlybeanoverstatementtolaycausativefactorsofanystrongernaturetotheecologicalinfluencesinthiscase.总而言之，尽管可以提出论点说，由于土地的严酷条件，已经存在的一妻多夫制得到了加强和保护(就目前而言)，但在这种情况下，把任何性质更强的原因因素都归罪于生态影响，那肯定是言过其实了。”谈及当地一妻多夫制的社会组织结构可能受到生态该环境的影响。因此，可推知A选项“分析青藏地区生态和社会之间的可能因果联系”正确。

3.推理判断题。题目提问‘作者对西藏的了解可能是什么？’本文并未谈及作者自己的经历和研究，而是分别引述了Montesquieu’sview和Armand的描述，以及Lattimore和Kawakita的观点，因此，作者对青藏高原的了解是C选项‘源于书本’。

推理判断题。题目提问‘根据文章，下列哪项最可能是Montesquieu同意的？’文章第一段介绍了青藏高原的地理特征和文化，然后提出“HoweverthereisnointentionofadoptingMontesquieuviewofclimateandsoilasculturaldeterminants.然而，不打算采用孟德斯鸠关于气候和土壤的观点作为文化决定因素。”因此，可以推知‘孟德斯鸠是环境决定论支持者，即外部环境决定人文风气’，C选项“在共享土地和气候的同一个地方，文化基本上是相同的”符合他的观点。

4.细节事实题。题目提问‘更新世冰蚀以后，仍然存在于西藏的动植物群可以成为大陆性的动植物群，是因为什么？’根据第三段中“Thusaftertheendoftheglaciationstherewereonlyafewvarietiesoflifeextantfromtheoriginalcontinentalspecies.因此，在冰川期结束后，原始大陆物种中仅存少数种类的生物。”所以，它们被称为大陆性动植物群是因为A选项‘它们原来是在大陆性气候中被发现的’。

9.单选题

Itisimperativethatthegovernment（）moreinvestmentintotheshipbuildingindustry.

问题1选项

A.attracts

B.shallattract

C.attract

D.hasto

【答案】C

【解析】句意:政府有必要吸引更多投资到造船业。

语法题。考查虚拟语气。Itisimperative（essential/necessary/desirable/important/vital..等）+that引导的主语从句中谓语动词应该用虚拟语气:动词原形或should+动词原形。故选C。

10.单选题

Themostprominentcharacteristicsofhandwritingareundoubtedlyletterformationandslant.

问题1选项

A.presumably

B.inmanycases

C.surely

D.withoutbias

【答案】C

【解析】presumably大概，推测起来，可假定；inmanycases在许多情况下；surely当然，无疑；withoutbias不偏不倚。undoubtedly意为毫无疑问地，选项C与之意思最为相近。

11.单选题

Itisdoubtfulwhetheranyonecanbeatruly（）observerofevents.

问题1选项

A.genius

B.impassive

C.inadequate

D.impartial

【答案】D

【解析】考查词义辨析。genius“天才；天赋”，名词；impassive“冷漠的；无感觉的”，形容词；inadequate“不充分的”，形容词；impartial“公平的，公正的”，形容词。根据doubtful“怀疑的”和truly“真正地”可知选项D符合题意。

12.单选题

Holdersofdeferredshareshavenorightstovoteatgeneralmeetingsorreceiveany（）.

问题1选项

A.divisive

B.divide

C.dividend

D.division

【答案】C

【解析】考查形近词辨析。A项形容词divisive“分裂的、区分的”，B项动词divide“分开”，C项名词dividend“红利、股息”，D项名词division“除法、分割”；句意：递延股票的持有者在股东大会上没有投票权，也不能获得任何股息。因此C选项正确。

13.单选题

BythetimehearrivesinBeijing,（

）herefortwodays.

问题1选项

A.wehadstayed

B.wewillhavestayed

C.wewouldhavestayed

D.Wehavestayed

【答案】B

【解析】考查时态。句意：在他到北京来的时候，我们将已经来了两天了。bythetime“在……时候”，这里引导的是时间状语，应当遵循主将从现的原则。而从句在这里是一般现在时，所以主句要用一般将来时，所以答案选B。

14.单选题

（

）bytheheavyclothes,hefailedtojumpontothemediumsizedtable.

问题1选项

A.Hampered

B.Prevented

C.Facilitated

D.Encountered

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项Hamper“妨碍，束缚”；B选项Prevent“预防，阻止”；C选项Facilitate“促进，帮助”；D选项Encounter“遭遇，邂逅”。句意：受到厚衣服的束缚，他没能跳上中等大小的桌子。选项A符合语境。

15.单选题

Mostofitisfugitive,buthereandthereinhigh-leveljournalism,intelevision,inthecinema,incommercialfiction,inwesternsanddetectivestories,andinplain,expositoryprose—somewriting,almostbyaccident,achievesanaestheticsatisfaction,adepthandrelevancethatentitleittostandwithotherexamplesoftheartofliterature.

问题1选项

A.plausible

B.consequential

C.prudential

D.temporary

【答案】D

【解析】划线词fugitive说明主语状态，后面以一长串buthereandthereinhigh-leveljournalism,intelevision,inthecinema,incommercialfiction,inwesternsanddetectivestories,andinplain,expositoryprose补充说明主语出现在各种文学形式中，说明主语是“无常的”。A选项plausible“看似可信的；巧言令色的”；B选项consequential“间接的；结果的；自傲的”；C选项prudential“谨慎的；明辨的”；D选项temporary“临时的；暂时的”，D选项符合题意。

16.单选题

Peoplemaygetverseswrong,buttheyalsomangleplentyofwell-knownbiblicalstoriesaswell.

问题1选项

A.spoil

B.imitate

C.formulate

D.violate

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项spoil“溺爱；糟蹋；破坏”；B选项imitate“模仿；仿造”；C选项formulate“规划；用公式表示；明确地表达”；D选项violate“违反；侵犯”。句意：人们可能会读错经文，但他们也会……许多著名的圣经故事。由关键信息getverseswrong“读错经文”只是常见问题，后一句会加深问题的严重性。因此可以排除B，C选项。D选项一般是指违反规则，这里的承受对象是biblicalstories“圣经故事”，不能适用。因此A选项符合题意。

17.单选题

Whydocsavegetarianrestaurantmakeitsdishesresemblemeatineverywayexcept（）?

问题1选项

A.ingredients

B.elements

C.components

D.compounds

【答案】A

【解析】句意:为什么素食餐馆使其食物除了成分外，其他都像肉类呢？

考查名词辨析。ingredient（食物等的）成分；element因素；component（机器等的）元件、部件；compound（化学等的）合成物。因此A符合句意。

18.单选题

Sinceourresearchsofarhasnotproducedanyanswerstothisproblem,weneedtoadoptadifferent（

）toit.

问题1选项

A.method

B.manner

C.style

D.approach

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。method“方法，办法”,后+of；manner“方式，态度”，后+of；style“风格，方式”，后+of；approach“方法，途径”，后+to。句意：既然我们目前的研究没有得出任何解决这个问题的答案，我们需要换一种方式了。选项D符合题意。

19.单选题

Electronictrash,knownase-waste,ispilingupfasterthaneverinAmericanhomesandbusinesses.Peopledonotknowwhattodowitholdtelevisionsorcomputerssotheythrowtheminthetrash.

NationalSolidWastesManagementAssociationstateprogramsdirectorChazMillersaysthelargeamountofelectronicwasteAmericansgenerateisnotunexpected.“Wehavesomanyelectronicproductsthat“weuse”,saidMiller.“Theyarebeingfarmorewidelydistributedthroughoutthepopulationofthecountryandtheytendtohaverelativelyshortlifespans.Cellphonesthatlasttwoorthreeyears,computersthatlastmaybetwoorthreeyearsbeforetheygetreplaced.”

TheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)estimatesmorethan400millionconsumerelectronicitemsaredumpedeachyear,andthereisapushbymorestatestobanthewastefromgarbagedumpsandcreaterecyclingprograms.

Forexample,asquicklyasoldelectronicsarriveatarecyclingfacilityinBaltimore,Maryland,theyaretornapartandsortedforusableparts.PlantmanagerMikeFannonsayse-wastehereisresoldtoothercompaniesthatfurtherbreakdownthecomponentsthatarevaluable.“Therearealotofvaluablemetalsthatcanberecoveredandreusedasopposedtojustputtingtheminthegarbagedump,andincertaincomponentstherearesomematerialsthatshouldnotreallybedumpedinthegarbagedump,Fannonexplained.Nearly20percentofelectronicwasteisrecyclednationwide.Goingback1.3years,itwasonlyaboutsixpercent.Recyclingratescontinuetoriseasmorecommunitieshavebannedelectronicsfromgarbagedumpsinanefforttokeepe-wastetoxins(毒素，毒质)，likeleadandmercuryoutofgarbagedumps.Manyplaceshavesetupfreedrop-offsiteswherepeoplecanbringolditemsforrecycling.FannonsayssomeitemslikeoldelectroniccircuitboardswillgetshippedtoCanada,while,otherpartswillbeshippedtocountriesinAsia.“Thesewillgooffactuallytoacoppersmelterwhereworkerswillrecovercopperwithinthecircuitboardaswellaspreciousmetalsthatareontheboard’’,addedFannon.“Thereisgoldplatingonalotofthematerial.Thereissilver.Soallthosepreciousmetalsarerecoveredinadditiontothecopper.’’

ThisyearseveralstateslikeVermontimposedabanonelectronicwasteingarbagedumps.Morecanbedonetoboostelectronicwasterecycling.

WastemanagementanalystssayU.S.facilitiescansafelyrecycleitems.Environmentalistsmaintaintheycanreducetheamountofelectronicwasteingarbagedumpsnowbyraisingconsumerawarenessaboutthebestwaystorecyclee-waste.

1.WhyistheresomuchelectronicwasteinAmerica?

2.AccordingtoEPA,whathelpstoreducethedumpede-waste?

3.WhatistherightwaytorecycletheoldelectronicsaccordingtoFannon?

4.AccordingtoFannon,whatpreciousmetalcanpeoplegetfromusedcircuitboard?

5.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

问题1选项

A.Becauseithasnovaluetoberecycled

B.BecauseAmericansdon'tknowhowtorecycleit.

C.BecauseAmericansloveelectronicitemsmorethanothersdo

D.Becauseelectronicitemsarewidelyusedandfallintodisuseeasily

问题2选项

A.Thebanofe-wastefromgarbagedumps

B.ArecyclingfacilityinBaltimore.

C.Theshipmentofe-wastetoothercountries.

D.Anadvancedtechnologytomakee-products

问题3选项

A.Dumpthemintothegarbagedump

B.Tearthemapartathomeforvaluablematerials.

C.Leavetheminfreedrop-offsitesforrecycling

D.Burythemundergrounddirectly

问题4选项

A.Iron

B.Mercury

C.Gold

D.Lead

问题5选项

A.Peopleshouldtrytouseaslesselectronicproductsaspossible

B.Peoplecandealwiththeelectronicwasteinasafeway

C.Thegovernmentcandonearlynothinginfrontoftheelectronicwaste

D.Peoplearehelplessinfrontofelectronicwaste

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.判断推理题。根据原文第二段的内容可知，美国人产生的大量电子垃圾并不出人意料。我们有很多电子产品在使用，它们在全国人口中分布得更为广泛，而且电子产品的寿命往往相对较短。由此可推测，之所以有这么多电子垃圾，是因为电子产品被广泛使用，而且容易废弃。选项D符合原文。

2.细节事实题。根据关键词“EPA”定位到第三段“TheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)estimatesmorethan400millionconsumerelectronicitemsaredumpedeachyear,andthereisapushbymorestatestobanthewastefromgarbagedumpsandcreaterecyclingprograms.美国环境保护局估计，美国每年有4亿多件消费电子产品被倾倒，越来越多的州正在推动禁止倾倒垃圾，并建立回收项目。”由此可知，帮助减少电子垃圾倾倒是因为各州推行的禁止倾倒垃圾，选项A符合原文。

3.细节事实题。根据关键词“Fannon”定位到第四段第二句“PlantmanagerMikeFannonsayse-wastehereisresoldtoothercompaniesthatfurtherbreakdownthecomponentsthatarevaluable.工厂经理MikeFannon说，这里的电子垃圾被转售给