考研考博-英语-北京师范大学珠海分校押题密卷附带答案详解篇1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-北京师范大学珠海分校押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

1.Formorethan50yearsmicrobiologistintheUSandEuropehavewarnedagainstusingantibioticstofattenupfarmanimals.Thepractice,theyargue,threatenshumanhealthbyturningfarmsintobreedinggroundsofdrug-resistantbacteria.Farmersrespondedthatrestrictingantibioticsinlivestockwoulddevastatetheindustryandsignificantlyraisecoststoconsumers.Wenowhaveempiricaldatathatshouldresolvethisdebate.Sine1995Denmarkhasenforcedprogressivelytighterrulesontheuseofantibioticsintheraisingofpigs,poultryandotherlivestock.Intheprocess,ithasshownthatitispossibletoprotecthumanhealthwithouthurtingfarmers.

2.Farmersinmanycountriesuseantibioticsintwokeyways:(1)atfullstrengthtotreatanimalsthataresickand(2)inlowdosestofattenmeat-producinglivestockortopreventveterinaryillnesses.(ItisillegalintheUStosellmilkforhumanconsumptionfromdairycattletreatedwithantibiotics.）Althougheventheproperuseofantibioticscaninadvertentlyleadtothespreadofdrug-resistantbacteria,thehabitofusingalowor"sub-therapeutic"doseisaformulafordisaster:thetreatmentprovidesjustenoughantibiotictokillsomebutnotallbacteria.Thegermsthatsurvivearetypicallythosethathappentobeargeneticmutationsforresistingtheantibiotic.Theythenreproduceandexchangegeneswithothermicrobialresisters.Becausebacteriaarefoundliterallyeverywhere,resistantstrainsproducedinanimalseventuallyfindtheirwayintopeopleaswell.Youcouldhardlydesignabettersystemforguaranteeingthespreadofantibioticresistance.

3.Thedatafrommultiplestudiesovertheyearssupporttheconclusionthatlowdosesofantibioticsinanimalsincreasethenumberofdrug-resistantmicrobesinbothanimalsandpeople.AsJoshuaM.Scharfstein,aprincipaldeputycommissionerattheFoodandDrugAdministration,toldaUScongressionalsubcommitteelastsummer,"Youactuallycantracethespecificbacteriaaroundandfindthattheresistantstrainsinhumansmatchtheresistantstrainsintheanimals."AndthisscienceiswhatledDenmarktostopsub-therapeuticdosin^ofchickens,pigsandotherfarmanimals.

4.Althoughthetransitionunfoldedsmoothlyinthepoultryindustry,theaverageweightofpigsfellinthefirstyear.ButafterDanishfarmersstartedleavingsowsandpigletstogetherafewweekslongertobolsterthelittennates*immunesystemsnaturally,theanimals’weightsjumpedbackup,andthenumberofpigsperlitterincreasedaswell.Thelessonisthatimprovinganimalhusbandry——makingsurethatpens,stallsandcagesareproperlycleanedandgivinganimalsmoreroomortimetomature-offsetstheinitialnegativeimpactoflimitingantibioticuse.TodayDanishindustryreportsthatproductivityishigherthanbefore.MeanwhilereportsofantibioticresistanceinDanishpeoplearemixed,whichshows——asifweneededreminding——thattherearenoquickfixes.

5.LestanyonearguethatDenmarkistoosmalltoofferareasonableparalleltotheUS,considerthatitistheworld'slargestexporterofpork.LikeUSfarmers,Danesraisepigsonanintensive,industrialscale.Iftheycanfigureouthowtolimitantibioticusewhileactuallyincreasingagriculturalproductivity,thensocanAmericans.TheAmericanMedicalAssociation,theInfectiousDiseasesSocietyofAmerica,theAmericanPublicHealthAssociation,apreviousFDAcommissionerandmanyothershaveadvisedtheUStofollowsuit.LastyeartheFDApublishednewguidelinescallingfor’’judicioususe"ofantibiotics.Yetitultimatelyleftthedecisiononexactlywhenandwheretouseantibioticsuptoindividualfarmers.Thatlaissez-fairestandardisnotgoodenough,particularlywhenthehealthoftherestofthepopulationisatstake.

6.Ofcourse,thewayveterinaryantibioticsareusedisnottheonlycauseofhumandrug-resistantinfections.Carelessuseofthedrugsinpeoplealsocontributestotheproblem.Butagriculturaluseisstillamajorcontributingfactor.Everydaythatpassesbringsnewevidencethatweareindangeroflosingeffectiveantibioticprotectionagainstmanyofthemostdangerousbacteriathatcausehumanillness.Thetechnicalissuesaresolvable.Denmark'sexampleprovesthatitispossibletocutantibioticuseonfarmswithouttriggeringfinancialdisaster.Infact,itmightprovideacompetitiveadvantage.Strongermeasurestodeprivedrug-resistantbacteriaoftheiragriculturalbreedinggroundssimplymakescientific,economicandcommonsense.

1.Thisarticle（

）.

2.Overthelasthalf-century,manyWesternscientistshaveexpressedconcernabouttheconsequencesof（

）.

3.Thewordinadvertentlyinparagraph2means（

）.

4.Thetoneofthefinalsentenceinparagraph2is（

）.

5.WhentheDanishauthoritiesorderedfarmerstoceasegivinglowdosesofantibioticstotheirfarmanimals（

）.

6.Accordingtothearticle,theDanishgovernment’sdecisionin1995tolimittheuseofantibioticsbyfarmers（

）.

7.Theauthorarguesthat（

）.

问题1选项

A.wasprobablywrittenprimarilyformicrobiologists

B.isastraightforwardaccountofrecentadvancesintheuseofantibiotics

C.ismainlyacriticalaccountofactionstakenbyDanishandUSfarmers

D.seemsintendedtocontributetoanongoingdebate

问题2选项

A.usingantibioticstotreathumandiseases

B.givingantibioticstofarmanimals

C.usingantibioticstospeedupweightgaininyoungfarmanimals

D.resistancetotheuseofantibioticsamongfarmersraisinganimals

问题3选项

A.bydesign

B.theoppositeofbydesign

C.deliberately

D.unfortunately

问题4选项

A.threatening

B.ironic

C.reassuring

D.neutral

问题5选项

A.thefarmersrefusedtocooperatewiththegovernment

B.alloftheanimalstooklongertoputonweight

C.youngpigsgainedlessweightintheirfirstyear

D.productivityquicklybegantorise

问题6选项

A.hasledtohealthierchickensbuttolesshealthypigs

B.hasprovokedconcernamongDanishfarmersaboutlong-termproductivityproblems

C.hassignificantlyimprovedthehealthofhumanbeingaswellasoffarmanimals

D.hasnotyetledtoanindisputabledropinantibioticresistanceamonghumanbeings

问题7选项

A.asmallcountrylikeDenmarkisaquestionablemodelforlargersocieties

B.theexperienceoftheDanishporkindustryisquiteapplicabletoanimalhusbandryinotherlargercountries

C.theUSisactuallytheonlyothercountrythatcanbenefitfromDanishexperience,atleastatpresent

D.Americanpigfarmersareveryunlikelytoacceptgovernment-imposedlimitsontheiruseofantibiotics

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:C

第6题:D

第7题:B

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章首先提出了美国和欧洲国家存在的一个争议话题“微生物学家提出不能在畜牧业方面使用抗生素，但农民群体却回应说停止使抗生素将会给畜牧行业带来灾难性后果”，随后文章围绕“抗生素使用的危害”以及“在畜牧行业停止使抗生素能否避免产生灾难性后果”这两方面的问题展开，因此可以推知文章主要是针对在畜牧业方面使用抗生素所引发的争论，故答案为D(似乎有助于现下的讨论)。

2.细节事实题。第一段:Formorethan50yearsmicrobiologistintheUSandEuropehavewarnedagainstusingantibioticstofattenupfarmanimals.Thepractice,theyargue,threatenshumanhealthbyturningfamsintobreedinggroundsofdrug-resistantbacteria(在过去的50年里，美国和欧洲国家的微生物学家警示说不能通过使用抗生素来增加家畜的重量。这种行为相当于是将农场变成了耐药菌的温床，从而对人类健康构成威胁)。因此科学家担心的是使用抗生素加速增加幼年家畜体重所带来的后果。

3.词义题。根据题干定位至第二段:Althougheventheproperuseofantibioticscaninadvertentlyleadtothespreadofdrug-resistantbacteria,thehabitofusingalowor"sub-therapeutic"doseisaformulafordisaster:thetreatmentprovidesjustenoughantibiotictokillsomebutnotallbacteria。主句句意为:习惯性地使用少剂量的抗生素也会导致灾难性后果：使用的抗生素的确能够杀死细菌，但只是一部分。而且主从句之间为让步关系,因此推测从句句意为:虽然抗生素的合理使用只会在无意之中导致耐药菌的传播。因此选B“无意地”。

4.态度方向题。第二段最后一句:Youcouldhardlydesignabettersystemforguaranteeingthespreadofantibioticresistance。字面意思是“在保证抗生素抗药性的传播方面，你几乎不能找到更好的方式了”，实际意思是说当前抗生素使用现状为耐药菌的传播提供了最好的条件，故这句是一个反语，答案选项为B。

5.细节事实题。第四段:Althoughthetransitionunfoldedsmoothlyinthepoultiyindustry,theaverageweightofpigsfellinthefirstyear(虽然这一转变在制药业顺利展开，但猪的平均体重在第一年就下降了)。故选C。

6.细节事实题。第四段:TodayDanishindustryreportsthatproductivityishigherthanbefore.MeanwhilereportsofantibioticresistanceinDanishpeoplearemixed,whichshows——asifweneededreminding——thattherearenoquickfixes(现如今丹麦工业报告说生产率比以前高。与此同时，丹麦人对抗生素耐药性的报告也不尽相同，这表明——似乎我们需要提醒——没有捷径可走)。由此看出丹麦政府限制农民使用抗生素并不能在降低人的抗生素抗药性方面取得明显效果,故选D。

7.态度方向题。第五段:LikeUSfarmers，Danesraisepigsonanintensive,industrialscale.Iftheycanfigureouthowtolimitantibioticusewhileactuallyincreasingagriculturalproductivity,thensocanAmericans(和美国的农民一样，丹麦人也是以集中、规模化的方式饲养猪。如果丹麦人能够保证在限制抗生素使用的同时提高农业生产力，那么美国人也应该能够做到),由此推断作者认为丹麦在猪肉行业的经验是适用于其他大国的畜牧业的。故选B。

2.单选题

Thesalesmanagerwassoadamantaboutherideathatitwasoutofthequestionforanyonetotalkheroutofit.

问题1选项

A.adaptable

B.anxious

C.firm

D.talkative

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。adamant在句中是“坚决的，坚定不移的”，A选项adaptable“能适应的”；B选项anxious“焦虑的”；C选项firm“坚固的；坚决的”；D选项talkative“健谈的”。句意：销售经理对自己的想法如此坚决，以至于任何人都无法说服她放弃。因此选C。

3.单选题

Thenewprincipalhopesto（

）anumberofchangestothecoursesofstudy.

问题1选项

A.affect

B.effect

C.react

D.influence

【答案】B

【解析】句意:这位新校长希望对学习课程进行一些改变。

考查动词辨析。Affect影响,感染;effect使发生,实现,引起;react起反应,(对…)作出反应,回应;influence影响,对…起作用,支配。故B符合句意。

4.单选题

ManyFineArtgraduatestake()professionalpracticeasartists,andthiscourseencouragesthemtoconsidertheirroleasartistsinthecommunitybyprovidingopportunitiesforshort-termplacementsoutsidetheFaculty.

问题1选项

A.down

B.up

C.out

D.in

【答案】B

【解析】考查短语辨析。takedown“记下”；takeup“开始从事”；takeout“取出”；takein“欺骗；吸收”。句意：许多美术专业毕业生把自己看作艺术家来进行职业训练，本课程鼓励他们考把自己当做社会艺术工作者，为他们提供在学院之外的短期实习机会。因此B选项符合题意。

5.单选题

（

）,there’sagoodreasonforherabsence,asshedoesn’tusuallystayawayfromwork.

问题1选项

A.Ideal

B.Principally

C.Presumably

D.Originally

【答案】C

【解析】考查副词词义辨析。ideally“理想地”；principally“主要地”；presumably“大概”；originally“原始地”。句意：她没来可能是有原因的，因为她通常不会擅离岗位。选项C符合题意。

6.单选题

Ifthethoughtofleavinghomewithoutyourmobilephonecausesyouto（

）coldsweat,youcouldbesufferingfromnomophobia:thefearofhavingnomobilephone.

问题1选项

A.breakinto

B.breakout

C.breakthrough

D.breakup

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.breakinto闯入B.breakout爆发；突发

C.breakthrough突破；突围D.breakup打碎；破碎；结束；解散

【答案】B

【考查点】词组辨析。

【解题思路】如果离开家不带手机的想法会使你……冷汗，你可能患上了无手机综合症：对没有手机感到恐惧。由本题句意可知应该是冒冷汗，B选项“爆发；突发”可引申为该句所需要的含义，因此选B。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项均不符合句意。

【句意】如果离开家不带手机的想法会使你出一身冷汗，那你可能患上了“无手机恐惧症”：对没有手机感到恐惧。

7.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish

采取一切有效措施扫清“黄毒”，依法处理相关违法人员。

劳教制度废止后，未触犯刑法的违法者，将由社区采取措施进行矫正。

醉酒驾驶机动车的行为，要追究法律责任。

中国渔政船频繁开赴钓鱼岛，维护国家的合法权益。

打击网络犯罪，保护人民生命和财产安全。

依法行政是实现“中国梦”的根本性制度保障。

【答案】Takealleffectivemeasurestoclearawaythepornographyanddrugsanddealwiththerelevantpersonswhobreaklawsinaccordancewiththelaw.

Aftertheabolishmentofthesystemofreeducationthroughlabor,thecommunitywilltakemeasurestocorrectthelawbreakerswhodonotviolatethecriminallaw.

Todriveamotorvehicleaftergettingdrunkshallbeinvestigatedforlegalresponsibility.

ChinesefisheryadministrationvesselsfrequentlysetoutforDiaoyuislandstosafeguardthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofourcountry.

Crackdownnetworkcrimeandprotectpeople'slivesandproperty.

Toadministerourgovernmentaccordingtolawisanessentialinstitutionalguaranteeforrealizingthe"Chinesedream".

8.单选题

Hadspringeverbeengentle,soendearingbefore?Hadeverylittlescene,everyshopwindow,everyfacehepassedeverbeensowonderfullyinteresting?

问题1选项

A.attractive

B.favorable

C.inspiring

D.peaceful

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.attractive吸引人的，令人愉快的B.favorable给人好印象的（有好感）

C.inspiring鼓舞人心的，激励的，启发灵感的D.peaceful安静的，平静的

【答案】A

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】endearing的意思为“惹人喜爱的，讨人喜欢的”，这里问春天是否曾经惹人喜爱，让人不自觉地被他吸引，attractive与之词义相近，因此A选项正确。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】春天曾经如此惹人喜爱吗？他走过的每一处、每一个商店橱窗、每一张面孔，都曾经是那么奇妙而有趣吗？

9.单选题

Weneedtomakesurethatwe（）ourresourcesasfullyaspossible.

问题1选项

A.use

B.exploit

C.employ

D.explore

【答案】B

【解析】考查近义词词义辨析。use“使用”；exploit“开发，开拓”；employ“雇用”；explore“探索，探测”。句意：我们需要确保尽可能全面开发我们的资源。选项B符合题意。

10.单选题

Theexcursionwillgiveyouanevendeeper（）intoourlanguageandculture.

问题1选项

A.inquiry

B.investigation

C.input

D.insight

【答案】D

【解析】名词词义解析。inquiry“查询”；investigation“调查”；input“输入”；insight“洞悉”。句意：这次旅行将会提供一个语言和文化的深入了解。选项D符合题意。

11.填空题

Competitionprotectsthefreedomoftheindividualfromensuringthatthereisnomonopolyofpower.

Incontrasttoone,all-powerfulgovernment,manybusinessescompeteagainsteachotherforprofits.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Bfrom改为by

【解析】【考查点】介词。

【解题思路】protect为这里的谓语动词，指的是维护个体自由，B部分到句尾指的是维护个体自由的方式，介词by“（表示方式）”符合语境。

【句意】竞争可以权力垄断，维护个体自由。与全能的政府相比，许多企业为了利润而相互竞争。

12.单选题

Whenhefinallyemergedfromthecaveafterthirtydays,Johnwas（）pale.

问题1选项

A.enormously

B.startlingly

C.uniquely

D.dramatically

【答案】B

【解析】考查副词辨析。enormously非常地，极其，在极大程度上地；startlingly惊人地，使人惊奇地；uniquely独特地，珍奇地；dramatically显著地，剧烈的。前半句提到“他30天后才从洞穴里爬出来”可知出来的时候，他脸色看上去白得让人吃惊。故B项最符合题意。

13.单选题

Opinionpollsarenowbeginningtoshowthat,whoeveristoblameandwhateverhappensfromnowon,highunemploymentisprobablyheretostay.Thismeansweshallhavetomakewaysofsharingtheavailableemploymentmorewidely.

Butweneedtogofurther.Wemustasksomeprimaryquestionsaboutthefutureofwork.Wouldwecontinuetotreatemploymentasthenorm?Wouldwenotratherencouragemanyotherwaysforself-respectingpeopletowork?Shouldwenotcreateconditionsinwhichmanyofuscanworkforourselves,ratherthanforanemployer?Shouldwenotaimtorevivethehouseholdandtheneighborhood,aswellasthefactoryandtheoffice,ascentersofproductionandwork?

Theindustrialagehasbeentheonlyperiodofhumanhistoryinwhichmostpeople’sworkhastakentheformofjobs.Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend,andsomeofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobereversed.Thisseemsadauntingthought.But,infact,itcouldprovidetheprospectofabetterfutureforwork.Universalemployment,asitshistoryshows,hasnotmeanteconomicfreedom.

Employmentbecamewidespreadwhentheenclosuresofthe17thand18thcenturiesmademanypeopledependentonpaidworkbydeprivingthemoftheuseoftheland,andthusofthemeanstoprovidealivingforthemselves.Thenthefactorysystemdestroyedthecottageindustriesandremovedworkfrompeople’shomes.Later,astransportationimproved,firstbyrailandthenbyroad,peoplecommutedlongerdistancestotheirplacesofemploymentuntil,eventually,manypeople’sworklostallconnectionwiththeirhomelivesandtheplaceinwhichtheylived.

Meanwhileemploymentputwomenatadisadvantage.Inpre-industrialtime,menandwomenhadsharedtheproductiveworkofthehouseholdandvillagecommunity.Nowitbecamecustomaryforthehusbandtogoouttopaidemployment,leavingtheunpaidworkofthehomeandfamilytohiswife.Taxandbenefitregulationsstillassumethisnormtodayandrestrictmoreflexiblesharingofworkrolesbetweenthesexes.

Itwasnotonlywomenwhoseworkstatussuffered,asemploymentbecamethedominantformofwork,youngpeopleandoldpeoplewereexcluded—aproblemnow,asmoreteenagersbecomefrustratedatschoolandmoreretiredpeoplewanttoliveactivelives.

Allthismaynowhavetochange.Thetimehascertainlycometoswitchsomeeffortandresourcesawayfromtheidealistgoalofcreatingjobsforall,totheurgentpracticaltaskofhelpingmanypeopletomanagewithoutfulltimejobs.

1.Researchcarriedoutintherecentopinionpollsshowsthat（

）

2.Thearrivaloftheindustrialageinourhistoricalevolutionmeantthat（

）

3.Theeffectsofalmostuniversalemploymentwereoverwhelminginthat（

）

4.Thearticleconcludesthat（

）

问题1选项

A.availableemploymentshouldberestrictedtoasmallpercentageofthepopulation.

B.newjobsmustbecreatedinordertorectifyhighunemploymentfigures.

C.availableemploymentmustbemorewidelydistributedamongtheunemployed.

D.thenowadayshighunemploymentfiguresareatruthoflife.

问题2选项

A.universalemploymentvirtuallyguaranteedprosperity.

B.economicfreedomcamewithineveryone’scontrol.

C.patternsofworkwerefundamentallychanged.

D.people’sattitudestoworkhadtobereversed.

问题3选项

A.thehouseholdandvillagecommunitydisappearedcompletely.

B.mennowtraveledenormousdistancestotheirplacesofwork.

C.theworkstatusofthosenotinpaidemploymentsuffered.

D.youngandoldpeoplebecamesuperfluouscomponentsofsociety.

问题4选项

A.thecreationofjobsforallisanimpossibility.

B.oureffortsandresourcesintermsoftacklingunemploymentareinsufficient.

C.peopleshouldbeginsupportingthemselvesbylearningapracticalskill.

D.weshouldhelpthosewhosejobsareonlypart-time.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:D

【解析】1.信息推断题。根据文章第一段，高失业率确实是现在存在的一种社会现象，并且会持续下去。所以选项中“atruthoflife”最符合题意，选项D最符合题意。

2.信息推断题。根据文章第三段中“someofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbrought”，第四段中“hefactorysystemdestroyedthecottageindustries”可以看出工业时代的到来推动了整个工业模式的变化。选项C符合题意。

3.细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段。所有人都受到了就业影响，其中也包括“thosenotinpaid”，那些没有受雇的人，如学生和退休人员，故选项C符合题意。

4.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的最后一句中“withoutfulltimejobs”，可知选项D符合题意。

14.单选题

ProfessorJohnsonissaid（）somesignificantadvanceinhisresearchinthepastyears.

问题1选项

A.making

B.havingmade

C.tomake

D.tohavemade

【答案】D

【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。Sbissaid后接动词不定式，表示“据说某人”。用不定式的完成式表示已经发生的动作。此句相当于ItissaidthatProfessorJohnsonhasmadesomesignificantadvanceinhisresearchinthepastyear．句意：据说约翰逊教授去年在他的研究中取得了重大进展。故本题正确答案为D项。

15.单选题

Thereisanewtypeofsmalladvertisementbecomingincreasinglycommoninnewspaperclassifiedcolumns.Itissometimesplacedamong“situationsvacant”,althoughitdoesnotofferanyoneajob,andsometimesitappearsamong“situationswanted”,althoughitisnotplacedbysomeonelookingforajob,either.Whatitdoesistoofferhelpinapplyingforajob.

“Contactusbeforewritingyourapplication”,or“Makeuseofourlongexperienceinpreparingyourcurriculumvitaeorjobhistory”,ishowitisusuallyexpressed.Thegrowthandapparentsuccessofsuchaspecializedserviceis,ofcourse,areflectiononthecurrenthighlevelsofunemployment.Itisalsoanindicationofthegrowingimportanceofthecurriculumvitae(orjobhistory),withthesuggestionthatitmaynowqualifyasanartforminitsownright.

Therewasatimewhenjobseekerssimplywrotelettersofapplication.“Justputdownyourname,address,ageandwhetheryouhavepassedanyexams”,wasabouttheaveragelevelofadviceofferedtoyoungpeopleapplyingfortheirfirstjobswhenIleftschool.Theletterwasreallyjustforopeners,itwasexplained,andeverythingelsecouldandshouldbesavedfortheinterview.Andinthosedaysoffullemploymentthetechniqueworked.Theletterprovedthatyoucouldwriteandwereavailableforwork.Youreagerfaceandintelligentrepliesdidtherest.

Later,asyoumoveduptheladder,somethingslightlymoresophisticatedwascalledfor.Theadvicethenwastoputsomethingintheletterwhichwoulddistinguishyoufromtherest.Itmightbetheaggressiveapproach.“Yoursearchisover.Iamthepersonyouarelookingfor”,wasawidelyusedtrickthatoccasionallysucceeded.Oritmightbesomespecialfeaturespeciallydesignedforthejobinterview.

Thereisnodoubt,however,thatitisincreasingnumberofapplicantswithuniversityeducationatallpointsintheprocessofengagingstaffthathasledtothegreaterimportanceofthecurriculumvitae.

1.Thenewtypeofadvertisementwhichisappearinginnewspapercolumns______.

2.Nowadaysademandforthisspecializedtypeofservicehasbeencreatedbecause______.

3.Inthepastitwasexpectedthatfirstjobhunterswould______.

4.Later,asonewentontoapplyformoreimportantjobs,onewasadvisedtoincludeintheletter______.

5.Thecurriculumvitaehasbecomesuchanimportantdocumentbecause______.

问题1选项

A.informsjobhuntersoftheopportunitiesavailable

B.promisestoofferusefuladvicetothoselookingforemployment

C.dividesavailablejobsintovarioustypes

D.informsemployersofthepeopleavailableforwork

问题2选项

A.thereisalackofjobsavailableforartisticpeople

B.therearesomanytopleveljobsavailable

C.therearesomanypeopleoutofwork

D.thejobhistoryisconsideredtobeaworkofart

问题3选项

A.writeaninitiallettergivingtheirlifehistory

B.passsomeexamsbeforeapplyingforajob

C.havenoqualificationsotherthanbeingabletoreadandwrite

D.keepanydetailedinformationuntiltheyobtainedaninterview

问题4选项

A.somethingthatwoulddistinguishonefromotherapplicants

B.hintedinformationaboutthepersonalityoftheapplicant

C.one’sadvantagesoverothersinapplyingforthejob

D.anoccasionaltrickwiththeaggressiveapproach

问题5选项

A.therehasbeenanincreaseinthenumberofjobsadvertised

B.therehasbeenanincreaseinthenumberofapplicantswithdegrees

C.jobsarebecomingmuchmorecomplicatednowadays

D.theotherprocessesofapplyingforjobsaremorecomplicated

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第一段最后一句“Whatitdoesistoofferhelpinapplyingforajob.（它的作用是在求职时提供帮助。）”由此可知这种新型广告主要是给那些找工作的人提供有用的信息，所以B选项“承诺给那些找工作的人提供有用的信息”说法正确。A选项“给求职者提供工作机会”；C选项“将现有的工作分为不同类型”；D选项“通知雇主可以工作的人”都与文章事实不符，因此B选项正确。

2.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第二段“Thegrowthandapparentsuccessofsuchaspecializedserviceis,ofcourse,areflectiononthecurrenthighlevelsofunemployment.Itisalsoanindicationofthegrowingimportanceofthecurriculumvitae(orjobhistory),withthesuggestionthatitmaynowqualifyasanartforminitsownright.当然，这种专门服务的增长和明显的成功反映了目前的高失业率。这也表明了简历（或工作经历）越来越重要，因为它本身就可以称得上是一种艺术形式”。由此可知对这种特殊类型的服务需求增多是因为失业人数的原因，所以C选项“有很多人失业”说法正确。A选项“艺术工作者缺少工作机会”；B选项“顶级工作数量增多”与文章事实不符；D选项“工作经历被认为是一件艺术品”文章虽然有提到，但不是这种特殊类型的服务需求增多的原因。因此C选项正确。

3.判断推理题。根据题干可定位到文章第三段“Therewasatimewhenjobseekerssimplywrotelettersofapplication.‘Justputdownyourname,address,ageandwhetheryouhavepassedanyexams’,wasabouttheaveragelevelofadviceofferedtoyoungpeopleapplyingfortheirfirstjobswhenIleftschool.Theletterwasreallyjustforopeners,itwasexplained,andeverythingelsecouldandshouldbesavedfortheinterview.”（曾经有一段时间，求职者只写求职信。“请写下您的姓名、地址、年龄和是否通过了考试”，这是我离开学校时给申请第一份工作的年轻人提供的平均建议。他们解释说，这封信实际上只是开个玩笑，其他一切都可以而且应该留到面试时再写）。由此可知在过去求职者会在求职信上面写下详细信息直到他们获得面试，所以D选项“保留任何详细的信息直到他们获得面试”说法正确。A选项“写一封说明他们生活历史的信件”文章没有提到；B选项“在申请工作之前通过一些考试”文章只提到在求职信上写上自己是否通过了考试，并没有提到求职者必须通过考试，故不选；C选项“除了能读和写之外没有别的资格”说法错误，文章提到Andinthosedaysoffullemploymentthetechniqueworked.Theletterprovedthatyoucouldwriteandwereavailableforwork.Youreagerfaceandintelligentrepliesdidtherest.在那些充分就业的日子里，这种方法是有效的。这封信证明你能写，也能去工作。你急切的表情和机智的回答将会完成面试的剩下部分。由此只会读和写并不能帮助你获得工作，面试中的表现也很重要。因此D选项正确。

4.判断推理题。根据题干可定位到文章倒数第二段“Later,asyoumoveduptheladder,somethingslightlymoresophisticatedwascalledfor.Theadvicethenwastoputsomet