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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-厦门安防科技职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Theyoungwomanwassobeautifulthatshe______everyotherwomanattheball.

问题1选项

A.belittled

B.foiled

C.offset

D.eclipsed

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.belittled贬低;小看B.foiled挫败;阻止

C.offset抵消;弥补D.eclipsed使失色;黯然失色

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据so…that可知,此处是结果状语从句,根据前半句句意“那位年轻女子是如此漂亮”可推知,she______everyotherwoman是指“她令其他女子黯然失色”,故该题选择D项符合句意。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C项都不符合句意。

【句意】那位年轻女子太漂亮了,使舞会上的其他妇女黯然失色。

2.单选题

Thisisanidealsiteforauniversity

itisfarfromthedowntownarea.

问题1选项

A.providedthat

B.nowthat

C.inthat

D.sothat

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。providedthat“如果;条件是”;nowthat“既然,由于”;inthat“因为,由于”;sothat“以便,所以”。句意:这里是建大学的理想场所,因为它离市中心很远。选项C符合题意。

3.单选题

Hydrogenisthefundamentalelementoftheuniverse______itprovidesthebuildingblocksfromwhichtheotherelementsareproduced.

问题1选项

A.sothat

B.butthat

C.inthat

D.providedthat

【答案】C

【解析】考查状语从句。句意:氢是宇宙的基本元素,因为它提供了其他元素产生的基石。A选项sothat“因此”引导目的状语从句,B选项butthat“要不是”和D选项providedthat“条件是……”引导条件状语从句,均不符合题意。C选项inthat“由于”引导原因状语从句,符合主从句的因果关系。因此C选项正确。

4.单选题

Theseeffectsresultinnutrientimbalancesinplants,______reducingplantgrowth.

问题1选项

A.consecutively

B.subsequently

C.consequently

D.consistently

【答案】C

【解析】考查副词辨析。A项consecutively“连续地”,B项subsequently“随后,其后”,C项consequently“因此,结果”,D项consistently“一贯地”。根据关键词nutrientimbalancesinplants(植物的营养失衡)和reducingplantgrowth(减少了植物的生长)可知,前后是因果关系,所以C项符合。句意:这些影响导致植物营养失衡,从而降低植物生长。因此,该题选择C项正确。

5.单选题

Takingalow-doseaspirineverydaywillreduceyourchancesofdyingfromcancer,scientistssaytoday,confirmingtheover-the-counterpillsasthemostextraordinarydrugyetdiscovered.

Dailyaspirinhasalreadybeenshowntocutthechancesofheartattacksandstrokeinpeoplewhoareatrisk.ThestudypublictodayintheLancetmedicaljournalrevealsthatitalsohasapowerfulpreventiveactionagainstarangeofcancersandpossiblymoreofthemthanthereiscurrentlyenoughevidencetoprove.

Whilethedoctorswhocarriedoutthestudysayitisnotforthemtomakerecommendations,theleadauthor,46-year-oldProfPeterRothwellfromOxfordUniversity,sayshehasbeentakingaspirinforthelasttwoyears.Thebeneficialdoseis75mg-aquarterofastandardtablet,whichis300mg.Somepharmaciesselllow-dosetablets,butatahigherprice.

Rothwellandhiscolleagueshavealreadyshownthatdailyaspirincutsdeathratesfromcolorectalcancerbymorethanathird.Forthestudypublishedtoday,theyexaminedallthedatatheycouldfindfromwell-conductedtrialsthathadassessedtheuseofaspirinagainstacontroldrugandhadrecordeddeathsfromcancer.

Ineighttrialsinvolvingmorethan25,000patients,theyfoundtherewere21%fewerdeathsafterfiveyearsamongthosewhotookadailyaspirintablet,comparedwiththosewhodidnot.Theeffectwasmostnoticeableingastrointestinalcancers,wheredeathsdroppedby54%.

Patientsinaspirintrials20yearsagowerestill20%lesslikelytodieofasolidtumorand35%lesslikelytodieofgastrointestinalcancer.

Theyfoundthattheeffectsoftheaspirinseemedtokickinforpancreatic,brain,esophagealandlungcancer(generallynotthesorttriggeredbysmoking)afterpatientshadbeentakingitforfiveyearsormore.Forstomachandcolorectalcancer,theeffectswereseenafter10yearsandforprostatecancerafter15years.After20years,theriskofdeathfromprostatecancerwasreducedby10%,forlungcancerby30%,forcolorectalcancerby40%andforesophagealcancerby60%.

Thescientistsbelievebenefitsmaybeevengreaterthantheycouldestablish.

Theimpactonpancreas,stomachandbraincancerswasdifficulttoquantifyexactlybecauseofsmallernumbersofdeaths,theysay.Therecouldbeaneffectinbreastandovariancancers,butthereisnotenoughtrialdatatoproveit.

Thoseinthetrialstookaspirinforonlyfourtoeightyears.Rothwellbelievesthatifpeopletookaspirinfor20-30years,fromtheageofaround45or50,theymightsubstantiallyreducetheriskofcancer,whichsteadilyincreasesaspeopleage.

Rothwellandcolleaguesbelievetheirfindingsshouldtipthebalanceofrisk/benefitinfavourofdailyaspirindosing.Whilemillionsofpeoplestartedtakingthetabletsafterevidencethatitcuttheirchancesofheartattacksandstroke,therehasbeensomethingofamedicalback-pedaling,becauseaspirincancausestomachbleeding.

1.Over-the-counterpillsrefertodrugsthatcanbeobtained().

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

3.Theeffectofadailyaspirintabletwasmostnoticeablein().

4.Howmanyyearsdidthosepatientstakeaspirinsintheeighttrials?

5.Forcolorectalcancer,theeffectsoftheaspirinwereseenafter()years.

问题1选项

A.withinthetouchofthecustomersontheshelf

B.withoutaprescriptionfromthedoctor

C.bywayofnotpayingtoomuchmoney

D.underthecoverageofmedicalinsurance

问题2选项

A.Dailyaspirincutsdeathratesfromcolorectalcancerbymorethanathird.

B.Aspirinhasaneffectinbreastandovariancancers.

C.Theriskofcancersteadilyincreasesaspeopleage.

D.Dailyaspirinhasalreadybeenshowntocutthechancesofheartattacksandstrokeinpeoplewhoareatrisk.

问题3选项

A.gastrointestinalcancers

B.esophagealcancers

C.lungcancers

D.pancreaticcancers

问题4选项

A.fourtoeightyears

B.threetosevenyears

C.sixtoeightyears

D.fivetoeightyears

问题5选项

A.15

B.5

C.10

D.20

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。文中提到的over-the-counter(OTC)即我们常说的非处方药,是指为方便公众用药,在保证用药安全的前提下,经国家卫生行政部门规定或审定后,不需要医师或其他医疗专业人员开写处方即可购买的药品,一般公众凭自我判断,按照药品标签及使用说明就可自行使用。A选项“在货架上的顾客接触范围内”说法太宽泛;B选项“不需要医生的处方”说法正确;C选项“不用付太多钱”说法错误;D选项“在医疗保险范围内”说法错误,因此B选项正确。

2.细节事实。根据题干可定位到文章第四段“dailyaspirincutsdeathratesfromcolorectalcancerbymorethanathird.(每天服用阿司匹林可以将结直肠癌的死亡率降低三分之一以上)”;第九段“Therecouldbeaneffectinbreastandovariancancers,butthereisnotenoughtrialdatatoproveit.(这可能对乳腺癌和卵巢癌有影响,但没有足够的试验数据来证明这一点。)”;第十段“Rothwellbelievesthatifpeopletookaspirinfor20-30years,fromtheageofaround45or50,theymightsubstantiallyreducetheriskofcancer,whichsteadilyincreasesaspeopleage.(罗思韦尔认为,如果人们从45岁或50岁左右开始服用阿司匹林20-30年,他们可能会大幅降低患癌症的风险,而癌症风险会随着人们年龄的增长而稳步增加。)”以及第二段“Dailyaspirinhasalreadybeenshowntocutthechancesofheartattacksandstrokeinpeoplewhoareatrisk.(每天服用阿司匹林已经被证明可以降低心脏病和中风的风险。)”。由此可知A选项“每天服用阿司匹林可以将结直肠癌的死亡率降低三分之一以上。”;C选项“随着人们年龄的增长,患癌症的风险稳步增加。”以及D选项“每天服用阿司匹林已经被证明可以降低心脏病和中风的风险。”说法都正确,只有B选项“阿司匹林对乳腺癌和卵巢癌有疗效。”说法错误,因此该题B选项正确。

3.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第五段“Theeffectwasmostnoticeableingastrointestinalcancers,wheredeathsdroppedby54%.(这种效果在胃肠道癌症中最为明显,死亡率下降了54%。)”。由此可知A选项“胃肠道癌症”正确;B选项“食管癌”;C选项“肺癌”;D选项“胰腺癌”均不符合题意,因此A选项正确。

4.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第七段“Theyfoundthattheeffectsoftheaspirin...afterpatientshadbeentakingitforfiveyearsormore.(他们发现,在患者服用阿司匹林5年或更长时间后,阿司匹林的效果似乎对……更有效)”,由此可知年限的最低值需大于或等于5年的基础之上,A选项“4到8年”;B选项“3到7年”;C选项“6到8年”都不符合该基础,D选项“5到8年”更准确,因此D选项正确。

5.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第七段“Forstomachandcolorectalcancer,theeffectswereseenafter10yearsandforprostatecancerafter15years.(对于胃癌和结肠直肠癌,效果是在10年后看到的,而对于前列腺癌则是在15年后看到的。)”,由此可知C选项正确。

6.单选题

AlanPattonfoundthatinsuchaquick-fixedsociety,somepeopleevendon’tbothertoreadamasterpiece(

).

问题1选项

A.inthedetail

B.inthedetails

C.indetail

D.indetails

【答案】C

【解析】【试题解析】考查固定搭配。C选项indetail“详细地”,介词短语能做状语;D选项indetails“逐个地”,一般和动词搭配使用,表示一部分一部分地处理。根据关键词“bothertoreadamasterpiece辛苦地去读著作”,可知空格部分indetail符合题意,句意为:阿兰•帕顿发现在这样一个快节奏的社会,一些人甚至懒得详细地去读某部著作。故正确答案选C。

7.单选题

MarcHooper,notlongpromotedtoCEOofconfectionerygiantSpartanKetley(SK),isverydifferentfromhispredecessors.Heisacorporatelawyerbytraining,andhisbackgroundhasclearlyshapedhismanagementstyle.Hewastaughtthatnoworkshouldgouncheckedandthatnostatementcangooutwithouteverythingbeingfullydefined.”Thelegalworldteachesyoutothinkinasyntheticway,totakecontrastingideasandthreadthemtogethertoformastrategyHooper,withlittlemarketingexperience,wasnotatthetopofmarketobservers’listsforthejob.Buthereheis,justoverayearintotheroleandseeminglyontopofthings.

EducatedatHarvardUniversity,Hooperstartedhiscareerwithwell-knownNewYorkconsultantsCox&Leight(C&L),andbecameaspecialistinmergersandacquisitions.ItwasatremendoustraininggroundandIcouldhavestayedinmergersandacquisitionsIfoundtheworkinteresting.Butanotheropportunitypresenteditself:SKofferedhimajobasgeneraladvisor.HooperknewSKwellbecauseC&LwasitsmainNewYorkconsultancyfirmandHooperlookedafteritsaccount.

HooperlikedSKandwhentheycamecalling,severalfactorsweighedonhismind.“IadmiredSKandthoughtitwouldbeagreatplacetowork.C&LhadtoldmeIwasonlyfiveyearsthroughaten-yearjourneytobecomeapartner.Also,forthreeyearsinarowmypayatC&Lhadstayedthesame.Finally,Iwasworkingverylonghoursinalarge,impersonalofficeanditseemedlikeanintelligentlifestyledecisiontotakeajobwithadifferentcompany.

HooperbecameestablishedatSK,andsoonfeltreadyforahigherposition,butwastoldthatnoonecouldgetonatSKunlesstheyhadbeeninsalesandmarketing.Ihadtomakeamove,“saysHooper.”Itookarisk;IbecameheadofmarketinginEurope.Infact,thiswasasidewaysmove-notformoremoneybuttoaddtohisknowledgeandtofurtherhiscareer.Thefirstchallengewasthathefoundhimselfinchargeof25brightyoungmarketingpeople.“Ihadtoworkhardtokeepup,”headmits.

Throughout,hehasremainedfocused,hiseyealwaysonthemainprize.HiselevationtoCEO,hesays,isproofofSKSinclusiveness.“Wearealwaysopentopeoplewithfreshideas,asCEOIsupportanyonewhoiswillingtotakeachanceandwhowantstostretchthemselves.Ifyouarekeentodevelopandproveyoucansucceed,thiscompanywillprovidethechallengeyouneed.”Andinlinewiththisphilosophy,Hooperisnotanautocraticleaderhisstyleistoconsult,toseekadvice,thentoact.

1.ThechoiceofMareHooperasSpartanKetley’sCEOwassurprisingbecause______.

2.WhatdoesHoopersayabouthisfirstjob?

3.OneofthereasonsforHooperleavingCoxandLeightwas______.

4.AftersometimeatSpartanKetley,Hooperchangeddepartmentsbecause______.

5.HoopersaysthathispolicyasCEOisto______.

问题1选项

A.heknewmoreaboutlawthanmarketing

B.hehadlittleexperienceofstrategicplanning

C.hehadbeenwiththecompanyforashorttime

D.heintendedtotakethecompanyinadifferentdirection

问题2选项

A.Heregardedthejobasameanstoamoreinterestingcareer

B.Hegainedusefulskillswhilehewaswiththecompany.

C.Hefoundthathiseducationpreparedhimwellforthejob.

D.Heenjoyedworkingforsuchaprestigiouscompany.

问题3选项

A.hehadnochanceofbecomingapartner

B.hewasnothappywiththeworkingconditions

C.hewantedtomovetoaworkplaceinadifferentarea.

D.hefeltitwasimportanttochangejobseveryfewyears

问题4选项

A.hedidnotfindhiscurrentjobfinanciallyrewardingenough

B.hewantedtohaveexperienceofworkinginEurope

C.itwasanopportunitytoworkwithyoungpeople

D.itimprovedhischancesofpromotion

问题5选项

A.developasenseofcompetitionwithinhisworkforce

B.trainpeopletobecomeproficientinawiderangeofskills

C.hirestaffwhoarenotafraidtomakeimportantdecisions

D.encourageemployeestobeinnovativeintheirapproachtowork

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】1.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文中第一段Thelegalworldteachesyoutothinkinasyntheticway,totakecontrastingideasandthreadthemtogethertoformastrategyHooper,withlittlemarketingexperience,wasnotatthetopofmarketobservers’listsforthejob.(法律世界教会你以一种综合的方式思考,将不同的观点结合在一起,形成一个战略Hooper,因为几乎没有营销经验,所以不是市场观察人士对该工作的首选。)A选项“他的法律知识比市场营销知识多”,文章第一段提到,他是一位企业律师,并且没有营销策略,因此A选项正确。B选项“他几乎没有战略规划的经验”,文章只是说他没有营销策略,因此B选项可排除。C选项“他在公司待了一段时间”,这并不能成为马瑞•胡珀担任首席执行官令人惊讶的原因,可排除C选项。D选项“他打算使公司朝着不同的方向发展”,文章没有提到这个内容,可排除D选项。因此A选项为正确答案。

2.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段中第四句ItwasatremendoustraininggroundandIcouldhavestayedinmergersandacquisitionsIfoundtheworkinteresting.(那是一个巨大的训练场地,我本可以继续从事并购工作,我发现那份工作很有趣。)选项A“他把这份工作看作是通向更有趣的事业一种手段”,符合文章内容,他认为这份工作很有趣,A选项正确。选项B“他在公司期间获得了有用的技能”,文章并没有提到此内容,可排除。C选项“他发现他所受的教育使他能胜任这项工作”,文章并没有提到此内容,可排除。D选项“他很喜欢在如此著名的公司工作”,文章没有提到这个内容,都可排除。因此A选项为正确答案。

3.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到原文第三段第三句C&LhadtoldmeIwasonlyfiveyearsthroughaten-yearjourneytobecomeapartner.(C&L曾告诉我,我要经过10年的努力才能成为合伙人。)因此可推测,Hooper所在公司的晋升条件过高。B选项“他对工作条件不满意”,符合题意,B选项正确。A选项“他没有机会成为合伙人”,这里说他十年努力能够成为合伙人,因此A选项排除。C选项“他想搬到一个不同地区的工作场所”,文章没有提到这个内容,可排除。D选项“他觉得每隔几年换一份工作很重要”,文章没有提到此内容,可排除。因此B选项为正确答案。

4.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到倒数第二段第五句Infact,thiswasasidewaysmove-notformoremoneybuttoaddtohisknowledgeandtofurtherhiscareer.(事实上,这是一种横向移动—不是为了更多的钱,而是为了增加他的知识和进一步发展他的事业),由此可推测,他是为了一个好的事业,才选择换部门。D选项“这增加了他晋升的机会”,符合文章内容,D选项正确。A选项“他觉得目前的工作在经济上的回报不够”,文章没有提到这个内容,可排除。B选项“他想有在欧洲工作的经验”,文章没有提到这个内容,可排除。C选项“这是一个和年轻人一起工作的机会”,文章只是说他要努力工作才能赶上年轻人,可排除C选项。因此D选项为正确答案。

5.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章最后一段第四句asCEOIsupportanyonewhoiswillingtotakeachanceandwhowantstostretchthemselves.(作为首席执行官,我支持任何愿意碰碰运气、想拓展自己的人。因此可推测Hooper作为首席执行官,会鼓励员工拓展自己,革新自己。)D选项“鼓励员工在工作方式上创新”,符合文章内容,D选项正确。A选项“在员工中培养竞争意识”,文章没有提到这个内容,可排除。B选项“培训人们,使他们精通各种技能”,文章没有提到此内容,可排除。C选项“雇佣那些敢于做出重要决定的员工”,文章所说“如果你渴望发展并证明你能成功,本公司将提供你所需要的挑战”,因此C选项不符合句意,可排除。因此D选项为正确答案。

8.单选题

In1517aGermanmonk,MartinLuther,challengedcertainCatholicteachingsandrenouncedhisobediencetothepapacy.

问题1选项

A.announced

B.followed

C.denied

D.proclaimed

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项announced“宣布;宣称”;B选项followed“跟着;听从;继承”;C选项denied“拒绝;拒签”;D选项proclaimed“正式宣布”。句意:1517年,一位德国修道士马丁•路德挑战了某些天主教教义,宣布放弃对教皇的服从。结合此处关键词challenged“挑战”,可排除选项B,C选项不符合题意,也可排除。A选项虽有“宣布”的意思,但不够正式,根据句意,推测马丁•路德的宣布内容应更为正式,得知D选项正确。

9.单选题

Beforethe19thcentury,therewerealmostnochannelsofsocial().

问题1选项

A.mobility

B.availability

C.adaptability

D.probability

【答案】A

【解析】socialmobility为固定搭配,意为“社会流动性”。句意:十九世纪以前几乎不存在社会流动性的渠道。选项A符合语境。

10.单选题

Itisnotadvisableto()inaffairsthatareofnoconcerntoyou.

问题1选项

A.impart

B.ponder

C.meddle

D.abound

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项impart“给予(尤指抽象事物),传授;告知,透露”;B选项ponder“考虑;沉思”;C选项meddle“干预;干涉”;D选项abound“富于;充满”。句意:去干涉与你无关的事情是不明智的。根据句意判断出C选项正确。

11.翻译题

Duringourlivesallofusareexposedtothepossibilityofavarietyofriskeventssuchas:workaccidents,majorillness,death,etc.Ifourfinancesarevulnerabletotheconsequencesofariskevent,itwouldbewisetoprotectourselvesandourdependentsagainstthoseconsequences.Thiscanbedoneinanumberofways,fromtakingstepstoensurethatwearenotendangeredtopurchasinginsurancethatwouldcompensateforthefinancialconsequencesoftheriskeventoccurring.

TranslatethefollowingparagraphsintoChinese

【答案】在我们的一生中,我们所有人都有可能面对各种不同的风险中,如:工伤事故、重病、死亡等等。如果我们的财产易受到风险事故后果的影响,所以保护我们自己和我们的家人免遭这些后果的伤害是明智的做法。这可以通过很多途径来实现,从采取措施确保我们不受危害到购买保险来弥补突发事故发生所带来的经济后果。

12.单选题

Hehadalwayshadagoodopinionofhimself,butafterthepublicationofhisbest-sellingnovelhebecameunbearably(

).

问题1选项

A.bigoted

B.proud

C.conceited

D.exaggerated

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。bigoted意为“偏执的,顽固的,心胸狭窄的”;proud意为“得意的,自豪的”;conceited意为“自负的,骄傲自大的”;exaggerated意为“夸大的,言过其实的”。由句中的but可知前后为转折关系,C选项最符合语境。

句意:他一直对自己评价很高,但在他的畅销小说出版后,他变得及其自负。

13.单选题

Whybe()aboutthatoldcoat?There’snopointinkeepingitjustbecauseyouwerewearingitwhenyoufirstmetme.

问题1选项

A.sensitive

B.sensible

C.sentimental

D.sensational

【答案】C

【解析】besentimentalaboutsth.为固定搭配,意为“对很伤感”。

14.单选题

Humansocietiestheworldoverhaveconfrontedthesameexistentialproblemsandhavecometoremarkably()solutions,differingonlyinsuperficialdetails.

问题1选项

A.identical

B.diverse

C.varied

D.similar

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项identical“完全相同的”;B选项diverse“不同的,多种多样的”;C选项varied“各式各样的”;D选项similar“相似的”。句意:人类社会都会面临同样的生存问题,但都能找到非常相似的解决方案,只是在表面的细节上有所不同。选项D符合语境。

15.单选题

ThemainroadthroughLittleburywasblockedforthreehourstodayafteranaccident()twolorries.

问题1选项

A.involving

B.including

C.combining

D.containing

【答案】A

【解析】动词词义辨析。involve“涉及”;include“包括”;combine“联合,结合”;contain“包含,容纳”。根据句意可知,这里指涉及两辆货车的事故。选项A符合语境。

16.单选题

Loveisloveanddeathisdeath,foraSouthAfricanBushmanandaFrenchsurrealistalike.Sothethemesofliteraturehaveatonceaninfinitevarietyandanabidingconstancy.

问题1选项

A.continuing

B.refraining

C.interchanging

D.corresponding

【答案】A

【解析】句意:爱就是爱,死就是死,对于南非的布什曼人和法国的超现实主义者来说都是如此。因此,文学的主题既具有无限的多样性,又具有……的稳定性。A选项continuing“继续的;持续的”;B选项refraining“克制的”;C选项interchanging“交换的”;D选项corresponding“相当的;相应的”。“爱就是爱,死就是死”传递的是一种永恒的稳定性,因此abiding词义应与“永恒的”相关,因此A选项符合题意。

17.单选题

Tounderstandthemarketingconcept,itisonlynecessarytounderstandthedifferencebetweenmarketingandselling.Nottoomanyyearsage,mostindustriesconcentratedprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods,andthenreliedon"persuasivesalesmanship"tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible.Suchproductionandsellingfocusesontheneedsofthesellertoproducegoodsandthenconvertthemintomoney.

Marketing,ontheotherhand,focusesonthewantsofconsumers.Itbeginswithfirstanalyzingthepreferencesanddemandsofconsumersandthenproducinggoodsthatwillsatisfythem.Thiseye-on-the-consumerapproachisknownasthemarketingconcept,whichsimplymeansthatinsteadoftryingtosellwhateveriseasiesttoproduceorbuyforresale,themakersanddealersfirsttrytofindoutwhattheconsumerwantstobuyandthengoaboutmakingitaccordingtoconsumerdemand.

Thisconceptdoesnotimplythatconsumersatisfactionisgivenpriorityoverprofitinacompany.Therearealwaystwosidestoeverybusinessactivity-thefirmandthecustomer.Eachmustbesatisfiedbeforetradeoccurs.Successfulmerchantsandproducers,however,recognizethatthesurestroutetoprofitisthroughunderstandingcustomers.Thisconcepthasbeenrecognizedinsuchslogansas"HaveItYourWay"and"You'retheBoss".Agoodexampleoftheimportanceofsatisfyingtheconsumerpresenteditselfinmid1985,whenCocaColachangedtheflavorofitsdrink.Thenon-acceptanceofthenewflavorbyasignificantportionofthepublicbroughtaboutapromptrestorationoftheClassicCoke,whichwasthenmarketedalongsidethenewKingcustomerruled!

1.Agoodknowledgeofthedifferencebetweenmarketingandsellingleadsto().

2.Nottoolongago,industriesfocusedon().

3.Theverycoreofmarketingliesin().

4.Asuccessfulbusinessdealcantakeplaceonlywhen().

5.Thelastsentenceofthepassagesuggeststhat().

问题1选项

A.theefficientproductionofgoods

B.aperfectcommandofsalesmanship

C.abasiccommandofthemarketingconcept

D.theconversionofgoodsintomoney

问题2选项

A.producingandsellinggoods

B.theneedsandwantsofcustomers

C.thesellingofnewproducts

D.movinggoodstothemarket

问题3选项

A.allunderstandingofconsumerneeds

B.theefficientmovementofgoods

C.developingnewwantsforconsumergoods

D.makinggoodsreadilyavailabletocustomers

问题4选项

A.thecustomerissatisfiedattheexpenseofthecompany

B.acompanymakesabigprofit

C.consumersatisfactionandcompanyprofitaregivenequalimportance

D.priorityisgiventotherequirementsofthecustomer

问题5选项

A.theconsumershouldbeallowedtodothingshisownway

B.theconsumershouldbetreatedlikeaking

C.theconsumershouldhavethefinalsayinthesellingofanyproduct

D.theconsumershouldbeadvisedonwhattobuy

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干关键词thedifferencebetweenmarketingandselling定位至第一段:Tounderstandthemarketingconcept,itisonlynecessarytounderstandthedifferencebetweenmarketingandselling(要了解营销概念,只有必要区分营销和销售的不同),由此可知C项“营销概念的基本掌握”正确。

2.判断推理题。根据题干关键词Nottoolongago定位至第二段:Nottoomanyyearsage,mostindustriesconcentratedprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods,andthenreliedon"persuasivesalesmanship"tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible(几年前,大多数行业主要集中在高效生产的商品,然后依靠“有说服力的推销方式”来尽可能多的销售这些产品),也就是不久前,行业集中于高效生产商品和销售商品,故选A项“生产和销售产品”。

3.细节事实题。第二段指出:Marketing,ontheotherhand,focusesonthewantsofconsumers.Itbeginswithfirstanalyzingthepreferencesanddemandsofconsumersandthenproducinggoodsthatwillsatisfythem(另一方面,市场营销也需要着重于消费者的需求。它开始于首先分析消费者的喜好和需求之后,然后生产产品,满足他们)。因此,A项“完全理解顾客的需求”正确。

4.细节事实题。第三段指出:Thisconceptdoesnotimplythatconsumersatisfactionisgivenpriorityoverprofitinacompany.Therearealwaystwosidestoeverybusinessactivity-thefirmandthecustomer.Eachmustbesatisfiedbeforetradeoccurs(这个概念并不意味着满足顾客得优先于公司利润。每次的交易都有正反两面,也就是在交易前必须满足公司和消费者各自的需求),因此,选C项“顾客满足和公司利润都同等重要”。

5.判断推理题。文章最后一句为:Thenon-acceptanceofthenewflavorbyasignificantportionofthepublicbroughtaboutapromptrestorationoftheClassicCoke,whichwasthenmarketedalongsidethenewKingcustomerruled(公众大部分比例对新口味的不接受使得可口可乐公司快速地恢复原先的口味。然后以消费者至上的规则销售)。因此不难推测四个选项中,B项“对待顾客就应该像国王一样”正确。

18.翻译题

Thecurrentthroughaconductorisdirectlyproportionaltothepotentialdifference(电位差)acrossitprovidedthereisnochangeinthephysicalconditionsoftheconductor.

【答案】如果对于导体没有任何物理变化,那么通过导体的电流正比于通过的电位差。

19.单选题

Visionsareaskedto(

)withtheregulations.

问题1选项

A.conflict

B.consult

C.comply

D.contrast

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。conflict“冲突”;consult“咨询”;comply“遵守”;contrast“对比”。句意:愿景被要求遵守于规则。选项C符合题意。

20.单选题

Thenewspaperdidnotmentionthe()ofthedamagecausedbythefire.

问题1选项

A.range

B.level

C.extent

D.quantity

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。range“范围”;level“水平,标准,常强调变化的差异性和职权等的范围”;extent“程度,范围,长度”;quantity“数量”。句意:这家报纸没有提到由于火灾所造成的损害程度。C项符合题意。

21.单选题

Nowletuslookathowweread.Whenwereadaprintedtext,oureyesmoveacrossapageinshort,jerkymovement.Werecognizewordsusuallywhenoureyesarestillwhentheyfixate.Eachtimetheyfixate,weseeagroupofwords.Thisisknownastherecognitionspanorthevisualspan.Thelengthoftimeforwhichtheeyesstop—thedurationofthefixation—variesconsiderablyfrompersontoperson.Italsovarieswithinanyonepersonaccordingtohispurposeinreadingandhisfamiliaritywiththetext.Furthermore,itcanbeaffectedbysuchfactorsaslightingandtiredness.

Unfortunately,inthepast,manyreadingimprovementcourseshaveconcentratedtoomuchonhowoureyesmoveacrosstheprintedpage.Asaresultofthismisleadingemphasisonthepurelyvisualaspectsofreading,numerousexerciseshavebeendevisedtotraintheeyestoseemorewordsatonefixation.Forinstance,insomeexercises,wordsareflashedontoascreenfor,say,atenthoratwentiethofasecond.Oneoftheexerciseshasrequiredstudentstofixtheireyesonsomecentralpoint,takinginthewordsoneitherside.Suchwordpatternsareoftenconstructedintheshapeofrathersteeppyramidssothereadertakesinmoreandmorewordsateachsuccessivef

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